Compression fitting with visual torque indicator

Abstract

The present invention relates to a compression fitting having a visual torque indicator. A pipe nipple nut fastener is described that includes two separate elements that are partially rotatable relative to one another. Between the rotatable elements, an engagement member (e.g., a ball) is captured within an internal passage. Both of the partially rotatable elements include permanent markings or other non-removable visual indicators that change depending on whether the pipe nipple nut fastener is in a torque applied state or a torque not applied state, thereby providing a simple visual indication of the state of the pipe nipple nut fastener.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of pipe connectors, and more particularly, to compression fittings for connecting pipes to threaded fittings. Background Technology

[0002] B-nuts are a type of compression fitting used on aircraft to connect pipes to threaded fittings. For example, hydraulic pipes in an aircraft can be terminated at the actuator using a B-nut that engages with a threaded fitting at a hydraulically actuated actuator.

[0003] B-nuts are typically used in conjunction with clamps to end pipe fittings at connectors. The clamp is inserted into the B-nut, and the combination of the B-nut and clamp slides over the end of the pipe. The B-nut includes internal threads that screw onto the external threads of the connector, and the clamp is welded or forged into place. When the B-nut is tightened, its internal threads wrap around the external threads of the connector until torque is applied. The B-nut does not provide a visual indication of whether torque or torsion has been applied because it rotates freely relative to the connector during the torque application process. Therefore, it is not possible to visually determine whether torque or not torque has been applied to the B-nut.

[0004] During the aircraft manufacturing process, fittings are typically installed, loosened, and adjusted to achieve the final fit requirements within the aircraft. This can make it difficult to determine whether the B nut has been torqued or left untorted. As a result, leaks may occur at the fitting end where it connects to the B nut during pressurized fluid testing, potentially requiring troublesome cleaning and possible replacement of components damaged by the pressurized fluid (e.g., hydraulic fluid).

[0005] Based on the foregoing discussion, it is desirable to improve the manufacturing process for aircraft or other machines, and in particular, to improve the process that ensures that the tube compression fitting is in and remains in a state of applied torque. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In the embodiments described herein, the pipe nut fastener comprises two separate elements that are partially rotatable relative to each other. Between the rotatable elements, an engagement member (e.g., a ball) is contained within an internal channel. Both partially rotatable elements include permanent markings or other non-removable visual indicators that spatially vary depending on whether the pipe nut fastener is under torque or not, thereby providing a simple visual indication of the pipe nut fastener's condition and offering technological advantages over existing compression nuts.

[0007] One embodiment includes a pipe fitting nut fastener comprising a nut, a body, and a plurality of engaging members. The nut has a first plurality of channels arranged in a first circumferential direction and radially spaced along an inner surface near a first end. The nut has an inner ring projecting radially from the inner surface near a second end. The body has: a reference mark disposed on an outer surface near a third end; and a second plurality of channels arranged in a second circumferential direction and radially spaced along the outer surface near a fourth end, wherein the inner surface of the nut surrounds the outer surface of the body at the fourth end. The plurality of engaging members are disposed between the nut and the body within the first and second plurality of channels.

[0008] Another embodiment includes a method of manufacturing a pipe fitting nut fastener, the method comprising: providing a nut having: a first plurality of channels disposed in a first circumferential direction and radially spaced along an inner surface near a first end; and an inner ring projecting radially from the inner surface near a second end. The method further includes providing a body having: a reference mark disposed on an outer surface near a third end; and a second plurality of channels disposed in a second circumferential direction and radially spaced along the outer surface near a fourth end. The method further includes engaging the first plurality of channels with the second plurality of channels using a engaging member.

[0009] Another embodiment includes a method for terminating a pipe fitting at a connector using a pipe fitting nut fastener. The method includes: sliding a clamp into the pipe fitting nut fastener, wherein the pipe fitting nut fastener includes a nut having a first plurality of channels disposed along an inner surface, a body having a second plurality of channels disposed along an outer surface, and a plurality of engaging members disposed between the nut and the body within the first and second plurality of channels. The method further includes: mounting the clamp and the pipe fitting nut fastener to the end of the pipe fitting; and rotating the pipe fitting nut fastener to engage the internal threads of the body with the external threads of the connector. The method further includes applying a torque to rotate the nut relative to the body to reduce the relative depth of the first and second plurality of channels across the plurality of engaging members and to generate a torsional spring force that biases the nut relative to the body in the direction of rotation.

[0010] The features, functions, and advantages already discussed can be implemented independently in various embodiments or combined in other embodiments, further details of which can be seen in the following description and figures. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Some embodiments will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same elements or elements of the same type.

[0012] Figures 1 to 4 This is an isometric view of the compression component in an exemplary embodiment.

[0013] Figures 5 to 6 This is an isometric view of the pipe fitting and nut fastener in an exemplary embodiment.

[0014] Figures 7 to 8 In the exemplary embodiment Figures 5 to 6 An isometric view of the main body of the pipe fittings, nuts, and fasteners.

[0015] Figures 9 to 10 In the exemplary embodiment Figures 5 to 6 Isometric view of the nuts of pipe fittings and fasteners.

[0016] Figures 11 to 13 In the exemplary embodiment Figures 5 to 6 The cross-section of the pipe fittings, nuts, and fasteners.

[0017] Figure 14 In the exemplary embodiment Figures 7 to 8 Another isometric view of the main body.

[0018] Figure 15 In the exemplary embodiment Figures 9 to 10 Cross-sectional view of the nut.

[0019] Figures 16 to 17 This is an isometric view of the hoop in an exemplary embodiment.

[0020] Figures 18 to 19 These are examples of how they are combined. Figures 5 to 6 Pipe fittings, nuts, fasteners and Figures 16 to 17 Isometric view of the hoop.

[0021] Figure 20 In the exemplary embodiment Figure 18 Cross-sectional view of pipe fittings, nuts, fasteners, and clamps.

[0022] Figure 21 In the exemplary embodiment Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a compression fastener.

[0023] Figure 22 In the exemplary embodiment Figures 5 to 6 A block diagram of pipe fittings, nuts, and fasteners.

[0024] Figure 23This is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing pipe fitting nut fasteners in an exemplary embodiment.

[0025] Figure 24 It is a description of an exemplary embodiment Figure 23 A flowchart with additional details of the method.

[0026] Figure 25 This is a flowchart of a method for terminating a pipe fitting at a connector in an exemplary embodiment.

[0027] Figure 26 It is a description of an exemplary embodiment Figure 25 A flowchart with additional details of the method.

[0028] Figure 27 This is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary embodiment of an aircraft manufacturing and maintenance method.

[0029] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of an aircraft in an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The accompanying drawings and the following description illustrate specific exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will be able to design various arrangements, although not explicitly described or shown herein, that embody the principles described herein and are intended to be included within the scope of the claims that follow this specification. Furthermore, any examples described herein are intended to aid in understanding the principles of this disclosure and should be interpreted without limitation. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments or examples described below, but is limited by the claims and their equivalents.

[0031] Figures 1 to 4 This is an isometric view of the compression assembly 100 in an exemplary embodiment. In this embodiment, the compression assembly 100 includes a pipe nut fastener 102, pipes 104 to 105, a connector 106 for the pipe 105, and a clamp 112. In this embodiment, the pipe nut fastener 102 and the clamp 112 are used to provide a connection from the pipe 104 to the connector 106, such as connecting a hydraulic line on an aircraft to a hydraulic actuator. For example, the pipe 104 may carry hydraulic fluid through the wing of an aircraft, and the pipe nut fastener 102 and the clamp 112 may be used to terminate the pipe 104 at a hydraulic actuator for a flight control surface (e.g., an aileron) for supplying hydraulic fluid from the connector 106 and the pipe 105.

[0032] In this embodiment, the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 includes a body 108 and a nut 110, each of which is in Figures 1 to 4The terms "indicated" refer to specific dimensions and constructions. However, in other embodiments, the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 may have other constructions. Typically, the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 is attached to the connector 106 of the pipe 105, while the clamp 112 engages the pipe fitting 104 to the pipe fitting nut fastener 102. During the assembly process of engaging the pipe fitting 104 to the connector 106, the clamp 112 slides inside the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 and is captured by the pipe fitting nut fastener 102. The clamp 112 and the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 then slide on the outer surface 136 of the pipe fitting 104 at the end of the pipe fitting 104, and the body 108 of the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 is threaded onto the external thread 128 of the connector 106. The pipe fitting nut fastener 102 is then tightened by rotating the nut 110 in direction 124 until the desired torque is achieved using a wrench or other type of clamping tool.

[0033] When nut 110 is tightened, it applies torque to body 108, causing body 108 to rotate and engage its internal thread (not shown) with the external thread 128 of connector 106. When the torque applied by nut 110 reaches a threshold based on rotational friction between the internal thread of body 108 and the external thread 128 of connector 106, nut 110 rotates relative to body 108 by a predetermined arc, until torque is applied to fitting nut fastener 102, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0034] In the embodiments described herein, the pipe nut fastener 102 includes a reference mark 116 located on the outer surface 118 of the body 108, which visually indicates whether the pipe nut fastener 102 is under applied torque or not. This allows a user or automated device to visually determine whether the pipe nut fastener 102 is under applied torque without the need for manual inspection using tools. The reference mark 116 represents the relationship between the relative rotation of the nut 110 relative to the body 108 and a visual indicator on the nut 110 (e.g., the edge 120 of the nut 110). In this embodiment, the outer surface 122 of the nut 110 has a hexagonal shape, but in other embodiments, the nut 110 may have other shapes. Furthermore, instead of associating the reference mark 116 with the edge 120 of the nut 110, a visual indicator may be fabricated or etched into the outer surface 122 of the nut 110 to provide a visual indication of the relative rotation between the nut 110 and the body 108.

[0035] exist Figure 1 In this embodiment, reference mark 116 on the body 108 is located between the edges 120 of the nut 110, indicating that the pipe nut fastener 102 is under applied torque. Figure 2In this embodiment, reference mark 116 is located near the edge 120 of nut 110, which indicates that the fitting nut fastener 102 is in a state where no torque is applied. Figure 2 The untorque-free state of the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 depicted in the diagram can be referred to as the second spatial relationship 134, while Figure 1 The applied torque state of the pipe nut fastener 102 depicted in the diagram can be referred to as the first spatial relationship 132. However, in other embodiments, the alignment of the reference mark 116 on the body 108 with the edge 120 of the nut 110, or other visual indicators on or within the outer surface 122 of the nut 110, can be different. Because the reference mark 116 allows for a simple visual representation of the torque state of the pipe nut fastener 102, it provides the technical benefit of allowing users, automation systems, etc., to visually determine whether the pipe nut fastener 102 is in an applied torque state or an unapplied torque state within the compression assembly 100. Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the compression assembly 100 at end 138 (see...) Figure 1 ),and Figure 4 This is an isometric view of the compression assembly 100 at end 140 (see...) Figure 1 ).

[0036] Figures 5 to 6 This is an isometric view of the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 in an exemplary embodiment. Figures 5 to 6 The illustration shows a pipe fitting nut fastener 102 comprising a body 108 and a nut 110 from end 302 to end 303. In some embodiments, the nut 110 includes a port 304, which will be discussed later. Figure 5 It is also shown that the body 108 has an inner surface 306 including an internal thread 308, which mates with the external thread 128 of the connector 106 (see [link]). Figure 1 ). refer to Figure 6 The nut 110 includes an inner ring 402, which is used to capture the sleeve 112 within the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 as the sleeve 112 slides through the end 302 of the pipe fitting nut fastener 102. The inner ring 402 has an inner diameter 404 that is smaller than a portion of the outer diameter of the sleeve 112, which will be discussed later.

[0037] Figures 7 to 8 This is an isometric view of the main body 108 in the exemplary embodiment. Figures 7 to 8The body 108 is shown to be an elongated body, generally cylindrical between end 502 and end 503. The body 108 is hollow in the axial direction. The outer surface 118 of the body 108 has different diameter portions along its length between end 502 and end 503. The body 108 includes a first cylindrical portion 504, a second cylindrical portion 505, and a third cylindrical portion 506 from end 502 to end 503. The first cylindrical portion 504 has an outer diameter 516, and the third cylindrical portion 506 has an outer diameter 518. The second cylindrical portion 505 has a diameter varying between the outer diameter 516 and the outer diameter 518. The outer diameter 518 of the third cylindrical portion 506 is sized to fit within the inner diameter of the inner surface of the nut 110, which will be discussed later. Figure 7 The outer surface 118 of the third cylindrical portion 506 is also shown, including a channel 508 disposed on the outer surface 118 in the circumferential direction 510. The channel 508 is dimensioned to engage with the engaging member 512, and the channel 508 has a length 514 in the circumferential direction 510. Figure 7 As shown, channel 508 is not continuous around outer surface 118 in the circumferential direction 510, where the length 514 is finite, resulting in channel 508 being discontinuous. Figure 8 The third cylindrical portion 506 is shown to include an inner surface 602 along the inner surface 306, which has an inner diameter 604 that is larger than the outer diameter of the sleeve 112, as will be shown later.

[0038] Figures 9 to 10 This is an isometric view of the nut 110 in an exemplary embodiment. Figures 9 to 10 The nut 110 is shown to be generally hexagonal in shape between ends 702 and 703 and is hollow in the axial direction; however, in other embodiments, the nut 110 may have other shapes. In this embodiment, the nut 110 includes a channel 704 disposed along the inner surface 708 of the nut 110 in the circumferential direction 706. When the body 108 and the nut 110 are as follows... Figure 5 and Figure 6 When the nut 110 is assembled as shown, the channel 704 engages with the engaging member 512 and channel 508 of the body 108 (see [reference]). Figures 7 to 8 When the nut 110 includes a port 304, the port 304 can be positioned along the inner surface 708 of the nut 110, extending from the channel 704 toward the end 702. The port 304 can be used to load the engaging member 512 into the channel 508 of the body 108 and the channel 704 of the nut 110 during the assembly of the fitting nut fastener 102, as... Figures 5 to 6As shown. In this embodiment, port 304 includes a ridge 712, which forms a restriction for the passage of the engaging member 512 when the engaging member is loaded into the channel 704 in the nut 110 and the channel 508 in the body 108. For example, when the engaging member 512 includes a ball, the ball can be placed in the channel 508 of the body and the port 304 of the nut 110, and both the body 108 and the nut 110 can slide together until the ball abuts against the ridge 712. The body 108 and the nut 110 can then be snapped together using a press, wherein the ridge 712 holds the body 108, the nut 110, and the engaging member 512 together as an assembly.

[0039] Figure 9 It is also shown that the inner surface 708 is generally cylindrical, wherein the inner diameter 710 is larger than the outer diameter 518 of the body 108, so that the third cylindrical portion 506 of the body can be fitted into the inner diameter 710 of the nut 110. Figure 10 It showed the previous Figure 6 The nut 110 described herein has an inner ring 402 that protrudes from the inner surface 708 of the nut. The inner ring 802 has an inner diameter 404, which is sized to mate or interface with a portion of the clamp 112, as will be discussed later. Furthermore, the inner diameter 404 is smaller than... Figure 9 Its inner diameter is 710.

[0040] Figures 11 to 12 Along in the exemplary embodiment Figure 5 The cross-sectional view of the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 with the cutting line BB, and Figure 13 yes Figure 11 The unfolded view of region 902 shows that the joining member 512 is removed in the exemplary embodiment. Figures 11 to 12 In this context, the relationship between the channel 704 in the nut 110, the channel 508 in the body 108, and the engaging member 512 is more clearly discernible. With the body 108 and nut 110 mated together and the engaging member 512 installed, Figure 11 This describes the construction of the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 when it is in a state where no torque is applied (see [reference]). Figure 2 ),and Figure 12 This describes the construction of the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 when it is under applied torque (see [reference]). Figure 1 In some embodiments, the channel 704 in the nut 110 and / or the channel 508 in the body 108 may vary in depth across their length, such as... Figure 13 As shown. Figure 13The diagram shows that the channel 508 in the body 108 has a length 514 between end 1104 and end 1105 of the channel 508. In this embodiment, the depth 1106 of the channel 508 at end 1104 is less than the depth 1107 of the channel 508 at end 1105. Figure 13 It is also shown that the channel 704 in the nut 110 has a length 1102 between end 1110 and end 1111 of the channel 704. In this embodiment, the depth 1112 of the channel 704 at end 1110 is greater than the depth 1113 of the channel 704 at end 1111.

[0041] When the nut 110 rotates in direction 124 and the body 108 remains stationary, the engaging member 512 rides along the channel 508 in the body 108 and the channel 704 in the nut 110, the channels 508 and 704 having a relatively decreasing depth in the direction of rotation 124 (see...). Figure 13 The reduced depth of the channel 508 in the body 108 and the channel 704 in the nut 110 encountered by the joining member 512 generates a radial load that forces the nut 110 and the body 108 apart until the fitting nut fastener 102 is in position. Figure 12 The applied torque state shown creates a torsional spring force in the pipe nut fastener 102 in direction 126. Furthermore, when the nut 110 rotates in direction 124 and the body 108 remains stationary, the edge 120 of the nut 110 and the reference mark 116 are misaligned, as... Figure 1 As shown, this indicates that the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 is under applied torque. If the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 loosens, the torsion spring force causes the nut 110 to rotate in direction 126 (see Figure 126). Figure 12 This aligns reference mark 116 with edge 120 of nut 110, as follows. Figure 2 As shown, this provides a clear visual indication that the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 is in a state where no torque is applied. Because the lengths 514 of channel 508 and 1102 of channel 704 are finite, the nut 110 and body 108 are limited in their relative rotation relative to each other, which is based on the lengths 514 of channel 508 and 1002 of channel 704.

[0042] Figure 14This is another isometric view of the body 108 in an exemplary embodiment. In some embodiments, the channel 508 may have a centerline 1202 formed at an angle 1204 offset from a plane 1206 orthogonal to the axis 1208. A non-zero value for the angle 1204 may be based on the pitch (not shown) of the internal thread 308 of the body 108 to increase the torsional spring force generated between the body 108 and the nut 110 as the body 108 and the nut 110 rotate relative to each other. For example, the angle 1204 may be a reverse or anti-pitch of the pitch of the internal thread 308 of the body 108, which allows the engaging member 512 to travel along the channels 508 and 704, thereby moving the inner ring 402 of the nut 110 toward the end 503 of the body 108. The centerline 1202 may be offset from the plane 1206 away from the end 503, such as Figure 12 As shown, or offset from plane 1206 towards end 503. In other embodiments, angle 1204 may be approximately zero, wherein channel 508 is arranged such that centerline 1202 intersects plane 1206.

[0043] Figure 15 This is another isometric view of the nut 110 in an exemplary embodiment. Similar to what was previously described regarding the channel 508 of the body 108, the channel 704 may have a centerline 1302 formed at an angle 1306 offset from the plane 1304 orthogonal to the axis 1308. A non-zero value of angle 1306 may be related to the pitch (not shown) of the internal thread 308 of the body 108 to increase the torsional spring force generated between the body 108 and the nut 110 as the body 108 and the nut 110 rotate relative to each other. Angle 1306 may be a reverse or anti-pitch of the pitch of the internal thread 308 of the body, which allows the engaging member 512 to travel along the channels 508 and 704, thereby moving the inner ring 402 of the nut 110 toward the end 503 of the body 108. The centerline 1302 may be offset from the plane 1304 away from the end 703, as... Figure 15 As shown, or offset from plane 1304 towards end 703. In other embodiments, angle 1306 may be approximately zero, wherein channel 704 is arranged such that centerline 1302 intersects plane 1304.

[0044] Figures 16 to 17 This is an isometric view of the hoop 112 in an exemplary embodiment. Figures 16 to 17 The clamp 112 is shown as an elongated body with a generally cylindrical shape between ends 1402 and 1403. The clamp 112 has a hollow interior 1404 in the axial direction and an inner diameter 1406 sized to fit onto the fitting 104, such that the inner diameter 1406 of the clamp 112 is smaller than the outer diameter 130 of the fitting 104 (see [reference]). Figure 1The outer surface 114 of the clamp 112 has different diameter portions along its length. From end 1403 to end 1402, the clamp 112 includes a first cylindrical portion 1408, an outer ring 1410, and a second cylindrical portion 1412. The first cylindrical portion 1408 is disposed between end 1403 and the outer ring 1410 and has an outer diameter 1414. The second cylindrical portion 1412 is disposed between the outer ring 1410 and end 1402 and has an outer diameter 1416 that decreases or gradually tapers from the outer ring 1410 to end 1402.

[0045] The outer diameter 1418 of the outer ring 1412 is larger than the outer diameter 1414 of the first cylindrical portion 1408 and the outer diameter 1416 of the second cylindrical portion 1412. When the end 1403 of the clamp 112 slides into the end 302 of the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 (see...) Figure 5 The outer ring 1410 engages with the inner ring 402 of the nut 110, thereby capturing the sleeve 112 in the pipe nut fastener 102.

[0046] Figures 18 to 19 This is an isometric view of the fitting nut fastener 102 and the clamp 112 mating together in an exemplary embodiment. Figures 18 to 19 In the middle, the clamp 112 has slid into the pipe fitting nut fastener 102, and the combination of the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 and the clamp 112 has slid on the end of the pipe fitting 104 (not shown in this view).

[0047] Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional view of the pipe fitting nut fastener 102, the clamp 112, and the pipe fitting 104 in an exemplary embodiment. Figure 20 In the middle, the cross-sectional view along Figure 18 The cut line CC shows how the outer ring 1410 of the clamp 112 is captured by the inner ring 402 of the nut 110. Figure 20 It is also shown that the internal thread 308 of the body 108 has a pitch 1802, and the sleeve 112 is attached to the end 1804 of the fitting 104.

[0048] Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional view of the compression component 100 in an exemplary embodiment. Figure 21 In the middle, the cross-sectional view along Figure 1 The cut line AA shows how the second cylindrical portion 1412 of the clamp 112 engages with the inner ramp 1902 of the connector 106 when the fitting nut fastener 102 is under applied torque (see [reference]). Figure 1 ).

[0049] Figure 22This is a block diagram of a pipe fitting nut fastener 102 in an exemplary embodiment. In some embodiments, the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 may be referred to as a compression nut. In this embodiment, the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 includes a nut 110 and a body 108. In some embodiments, the nut 110 may be referred to as a first member, and in some embodiments, the body 108 may be referred to as a second member. The nut 110 may have various shapes and sizes not previously described. In one embodiment, the nut 110 may include edges 120, the number and location of which may vary on the outer surface 122 of the nut 110. In this embodiment, the edges 120 include one type of visual indicator 2002 located on the outer surface 122 of the nut 110, but other types of visual indicators 2002 may be used. For example, any number of features may be etched or permanently marked in the outer surface 122 of the nut 110, used in a different spatial relationship with reference marks 116 on the body 108, to indicate whether the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 is in a torque-applied state or a torque-free state.

[0050] In one embodiment, the nut 110 includes an inner surface 708, which includes various features previously described, such as a channel 704, a port 304, and an inner ring 402. The inner surface 708 can be patterned or shaped as needed, such that the nut 110 and the body 108 interact functionally as described above, but are not limited to... Figures 1 to 21 The pattern and shape are shown. Body 108 includes an inner surface 306 and an outer surface 118, which include various features previously described, such as reference mark 116, channel 508, and inner surface 602. Inner surface 306 can be patterned or shaped as needed, such that nut 110 and body 108 functionally interact as previously described, but are not limited to... Figures 1 to 21 The pattern and shape are shown. As previously described, the engaging member 512 rides within the channel 704 in the nut 110 and the channel 508 in the body 108, and may include any type of rotatable member as needed. In one embodiment, the engaging member 512 includes a ball 512-1, but other embodiments may include non-spherical shapes, cylindrical rollers, etc.

[0051] Figure 23 This is a flowchart of a method 2100 for manufacturing pipe fitting nut fasteners in an exemplary embodiment, and... Figure 24 This is a flowchart depicting additional details of method 2100 in an exemplary embodiment. (The remaining text appears to be unrelated and likely refers to further details about the flowchart.) Figures 1 to 22 The pipe fitting nut fastener 102 describes method 2100, but method 2100 can be performed by other types of compression fittings not shown. The method described herein may include additional steps not shown. Furthermore, the method described herein can be performed in an alternating order. Step 2102 includes providing nut 110 (see...) Figures 9 to 10 ), wherein the nut 110 has the various features previously described. Step 2104 includes providing the body 108 (see Figures 7 to 8 The body 108 has the various features previously described. Step 2106 includes engaging the channel 704 in the nut 110 with the channel 508 in the body 108 using the engaging member 512 (see [link to article]). Figures 5 to 6 The process may include inserting end 503 of the body 108 into end 702 of the nut 110 such that the third cylindrical portion 506 of the body 108 is surrounded by the inner surface 708 of the nut 110. The process may also include aligning a channel 508 in the body 108 with a channel 704 in the nut 110 (e.g., by rotating the body 108 circumferentially 510 relative to the nut 110 (see [reference]). Figure 24 Step 2202 and Figure 7 ), and load the engaging member 512 into the port 304 of the nut 110 (see Figure 24 Step 2204 and Figure 5 This is to position the engaging member 512 in the channel 704 of the nut 110 and the channel 508 of the body 108.

[0052] Figure 25 This is a flowchart of method 2300 for terminating a pipe fitting at a connector in an exemplary embodiment, and Figure 26 This is a flowchart depicting additional details of method 2300 in an exemplary embodiment. (The remaining text appears to be unrelated and likely refers to further details about the flowchart.) Figures 1 to 22 The pipe fitting nut fastener 102 describes method 2300, but method 2300 can be performed by other types of compression fittings not shown. Step 2302 includes sliding the sleeve 112 into the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 (see [link to product description]). Figure 18 This requires sliding the end 1403 of the clamp 112 into the end 302 of the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 until the outer ring 1410 of the clamp 112 contacts the inner ring 402 of the nut 110 (see...). Figure 20 Step 2304 includes attaching the assembly of the clamp 112 and the fitting nut fastener 102 to the end 1804 of the fitting 104 (see [link]). Figure 20 Step 2306 includes rotating the fitting nut fastener 102 to engage the internal thread 308 of the body 108 with the external thread 128 of the connector 106 (see [link]). Figure 2 , Figure 2 The pipe fitting nut fastener 102 is depicted in its untorque-applied state. Step 2308 includes applying torque to rotate the nut 110 relative to the body 108, so that the engaging member 512 engages with the channel 508 in the body and the channel 704 in the nut 110 (see [link to image]). Figure 12 and Figure 21 ).

[0053] At some point in the future, a user or automated device may visually inspect the compression assembly 100 to determine whether the fitting nut fastener 102 is under torque or not, based on the spatial relationship between reference mark 116 and the visual indicator 2002 of the nut 110 (e.g., edge 120) (see [link]). Figure 24 Step 2402).

[0054] When the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 is in Figure 1 In the case of the applied torque state shown, there is a spatial relationship between the visual indicator 2002 of the nut 110 (e.g., the edge 120 of the nut 110) and the reference mark 116 on the body 108, such that the reference mark 116 is not aligned with the edge 120 of the nut 110. This spatial relationship (e.g., first spatial relationship 132) indicates that the fitting nut fastener 102 is in a torque-applied state or remains in a torque-applied state (see step 2404).

[0055] However, when the pipe fitting nut fastener 102 is in Figure 2 When the untorque-treated state is shown, there is a spatial relationship between the visual indicator 2002 on the nut 110 (e.g., the edge 120 of the nut 110) and the reference mark 116 on the body 108, such that the reference mark 116 is aligned with the edge 120 of the nut 110. This spatial relationship (e.g., a second spatial relationship 134) indicates that the pipe nut fastener 102 is in an untorque-treated state (see step 2406). When the pipe nut fastener 102 is determined to be in an untorque-treated state, an action can be performed to re-apply torque to the pipe nut fastener 102 (see step 2408), which returns the pipe nut fastener 102 to a state as shown. Figure 1 The state under applied torque is shown.

[0056] The pipe nut fastener 102 provides a leak-free fluid seal between the pipe fitting 104 and the connector 106, and has the ability to visually determine whether the pipe nut fastener 102 is under torque or not using a reference mark 116 on the body 108 and a visual indicator 2002 on the nut 110 (e.g., the edge 120 of the nut 110). Therefore, the pipe nut fastener 102 provides the technical benefits of compression fittings superior to those of the prior art, allowing the user to immediately determine whether the pipe nut is under torque or not without the need for further mechanical re-tightening of the pipe nut fastener 102.

[0057] The embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented as follows: Figure 27 The aircraft manufacturing and maintenance methods shown in 2500 and Figure 28The description is made in the context of the illustrated aircraft 2600. During pre-production, exemplary method 2500 may include the specification and design 2502 of the aircraft 2600 and material procurement 2504. During production, the manufacturing of components and sub-assemblies of the aircraft 2600 and system integration 2508 occur. Subsequently, the aircraft 2600 may undergo certification and delivery 2510 for operation 2512. When in operation by the customer, the aircraft 2600 is scheduled for routine maintenance and servicing 2514 (this may also include modification, reconfiguration, refurbishment, etc.).

[0058] Each process of Method 2500 may be performed or conducted by a systems integrator, a third party, and / or an operator (e.g., a customer). For the purposes of this specification, a systems integrator may include, but is not limited to, any number of aircraft manufacturers and main system subcontractors; a third party may include, but is not limited to, any number of vendors, subcontractors, and suppliers; and an operator may be an airline, leasing company, military entity, service organization, etc.

[0059] like Figure 28 As shown, an aircraft 2600 produced by the exemplary method 2500 may include a fuselage 2602 having multiple systems 2604 and an interior 2606. Examples of systems 2604 include one or more of a propulsion system 2608, an electrical system 2610, a hydraulic system 2612, and an environmental system 2614. Any number of other systems may be included. Although an aviation example is shown, the principles described in this specification can be applied to other industries, such as the automotive industry.

[0060] The apparatus and methods embodied herein can be employed during any one or more stages of production and maintenance method 2500. For example, a component or sub-assembly corresponding to process 2506 can be manufactured or produced in a manner similar to that of a component or sub-assembly produced when the aircraft 2600 is put into operation. Furthermore, one or more apparatus embodiments, method embodiments, or combinations thereof can be used during component / sub-assembly and manufacturing 2506 and system integration 2508, for example, by significantly accelerating the assembly of the aircraft 2600 or reducing the cost of the aircraft 2600. Similarly, one or more of the apparatus embodiments, method embodiments, or combinations thereof can be utilized while the aircraft 2600 is in operation, for example, but not limited to, maintenance and servicing 2514.

[0061] In addition, this disclosure includes examples pursuant to the following terms.

[0062] Clause 1. A pipe fitting nut fastener 102, said pipe fitting nut fastener 102 comprising:

[0063] Nut 110, said nut 110 having:

[0064] The first plurality of channels 704 are disposed in a first circumferential direction 706 and radially spaced along an inner surface 708 near a first end 702; and

[0065] Inner ring 402, the inner ring 402 protruding radially from the inner surface near the second end 703;

[0066] Body 108, said body 108 having:

[0067] Reference mark 116, which is disposed on the outer surface 118 near the third end 502; and

[0068] The second plurality of channels 508 are arranged in the second circumferential direction 510 and radially spaced along the outer surface near the fourth end 503, wherein the inner surface of the nut surrounds the outer surface of the body at the fourth end; and

[0069] A plurality of engaging members 512 are disposed between the nut and the body within the first plurality of channels and the second plurality of channels.

[0070] 2. The pipe fitting nut fastener as described in Clause 1, wherein:

[0071] The depths 1112-1113 of the first plurality of channels vary along the length 1102 of the first circumferential direction.

[0072] 3. Pipe fitting nut fasteners according to clause 1 or 2, wherein:

[0073] The depth 1106-1107 of the second plurality of channels varies along the length 514 of the second circumferential direction.

[0074] 4. Pipe fitting nut fasteners according to clauses 1, 2 or 3, wherein:

[0075] The body includes an inner surface 306, the inner surface 306 of the body having an internal thread 308 near the third end, and

[0076] The first plurality of channels have a centerline 1202 in the first circumferential direction, the centerline having a non-zero angle 1306 based on the pitch 1802 of the internal thread.

[0077] 5. Pipe nut fasteners according to any one of clauses 1 to 4, wherein:

[0078] The body includes an inner surface 306, the inner surface 306 of the body having an internal thread 308 near the third end, and

[0079] The second plurality of channels have a centerline 1202 in the second circumferential direction, the centerline having a non-zero angle 1204 based on the pitch 1802 of the internal thread.

[0080] 6. The pipe fitting nut fastener according to any one of clauses 1 to 5, wherein:

[0081] The plurality of joining members include a plurality of balls 512-1, and

[0082] The nut includes a port 304 located in the inner surface, the port extending from the first plurality of channels to the first end and being sized to receive the plurality of balls.

[0083] 7. The pipe fitting nut fastener according to any one of clauses 1 to 6, wherein:

[0084] The spatial relationship between the reference mark and the visual indicator 2002 on the nut indicates whether the pipe fitting nut fastener is under torque or not.

[0085] 8. A method 2100 for manufacturing a pipe fitting nut fastener 102, the method comprising:

[0086] A 2102 nut is provided, the nut having: a first plurality of channels 704 disposed in a first circumferential direction 706 and radially spaced along an inner surface 708 near a first end 702; and an inner ring 402 that protrudes radially from the inner surface near a second end 703;

[0087] A 2104 body 108 is provided, the body 108 having: a reference mark 116 disposed on an outer surface 118 near a third end 502; and a second plurality of channels 508 disposed in a second circumferential direction 510 and radially spaced along the outer surface near a fourth end 503; and

[0088] The first plurality of channels are joined to the second plurality of channels using the joining member 512 2106.

[0089] 9. The method described in Clause 8, wherein:

[0090] The depths 1112-1113 of the first plurality of channels vary along the length 1102 of the first circumferential direction.

[0091] 10. The method according to clause 8 or 9, wherein:

[0092] The depth 1106-1107 of the second plurality of channels varies along the length 514 of the second circumferential direction.

[0093] 11. The method described according to clauses 8, 9, or 10, wherein:

[0094] The body includes an inner surface 306, the inner surface 306 of the body having an internal thread 308 near the third end, and

[0095] The first plurality of channels have a centerline 1302 in the first circumferential direction, the centerline having a non-zero angle 1306 corresponding to the pitch 1802 of the internal thread.

[0096] 12. The method according to any one of clauses 8 to 11, wherein:

[0097] The body includes an inner surface 306, the inner surface 306 of the body having an internal thread 308 near the third end, and

[0098] The second plurality of channels have a centerline 1202 in the second circumferential direction, the centerline having a non-zero angle 1306 based on the pitch 1802 of the internal thread.

[0099] 13. The method according to any one of clauses 8 to 12, wherein:

[0100] The joining member includes a ball 512-1;

[0101] The nut includes a plurality of ports 304 located in the inner surface, the plurality of ports extending from the first plurality of channels to the first end and sized to receive the ball, and

[0102] Connecting the first plurality of channels to the second plurality of channels includes:

[0103] Align the first plurality of channels with the second plurality of channels 2202; and

[0104] The ball is loaded 2204 into the first plurality of channels and the second plurality of channels using the plurality of ports.

[0105] 14. A method 2300 for attaching a pipe fitting 104 to a connector 106 using a pipe fitting nut fastener 102, the method comprising:

[0106] Slide the sleeve 112 2302 into the pipe fitting nut fastener, wherein the pipe fitting nut fastener includes a nut 110 having a first plurality of channels 704 provided along the inner surface 708, a body 108 having a second plurality of channels 508 provided along the outer surface 118, and a plurality of engaging members 512 disposed between the nut and the body within the first plurality of channels and the second plurality of channels.

[0107] Install the clamp and the pipe fitting nut fastener 2304 onto the end 1804 of the pipe fitting;

[0108] Rotate the pipe fitting nut fastener 2306 to engage the internal thread 308 of the body with the external thread 128 of the connector; and

[0109] A torque of 2308 is applied to rotate the nut relative to the body, thereby reducing the relative depth of the first plurality of channels and the second plurality of channels across the plurality of engagement members and generating a torsional spring force that biases the nut relative to the body in the rotation direction 126.

[0110] 15. The method according to Clause 14, further comprising:

[0111] The first spatial relationship between the reference mark 116 on the outer surface of the body and the visual indicator 2002 on the nut determines that the pipe fitting nut fastener 2402-2404 is in a state of applied torque.

[0112] 16. The method according to Clause 15, further comprising:

[0113] The pipe fitting nut fasteners 2402-2406 are determined to be in an untortured state based on a second spatial relationship between the reference mark and the visual indicator, which is different from the first spatial relationship.

[0114] 17. The method described according to clauses 14, 15 or 16, wherein:

[0115] The depth 1112-1113 of the first plurality of channels varies along the length 1102.

[0116] 18. The method according to any one of clauses 14 to 17, wherein:

[0117] The depth of the second plurality of channels, 1106-1107, varies along the length 514.

[0118] 19. The method according to any one of clauses 14 to 18, wherein:

[0119] The first plurality of channels have a centerline 1302 in the first circumferential direction 706, the centerline 1302 having a non-zero angle 1306 based on the pitch 1802 of the internal thread.

[0120] 20. The method according to any one of clauses 14 to 19, wherein:

[0121] The second plurality of channels have a centerline 1202 in the second circumferential direction 510, the centerline having a non-zero angle 1204 based on the pitch 1802 of the internal thread.

[0122] Although specific embodiments are described herein, the scope is not limited to these specific embodiments. Rather, the scope is defined by the appended claims and any equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A pipe fitting nut fastener (102), the pipe fitting nut fastener (102) comprising: Nut (110), said nut (110) having: The first plurality of channels (704) are arranged in a first circumferential direction (706) and are radially spaced along the inner surface (708) near the first end (702); and An inner ring (402) protrudes radially from the inner surface near the second end (703); The main body (108) has: Reference mark (116) is disposed on the outer surface (118) near the third end (502); and The second plurality of channels (508) are arranged in a second circumferential direction (510) and are radially spaced along the outer surface near the fourth end (503), wherein the inner surface of the nut surrounds the outer surface of the body at the fourth end; and Multiple engaging members (512) are disposed within the first and second plurality of channels between the nut and the body. in: The body includes an inner surface (306), the inner surface (306) of the body having an internal thread (308) near the third end, and The first plurality of channels have a centerline (1302) in the first circumferential direction, the centerline having a non-zero angle (1306) offset from a plane (1304) orthogonal to the axis (1308) of the nut (110) based on the pitch (1802) of the internal thread, to increase the torsional spring force generated between the body (108) and the nut (110) when the body (108) and the nut (110) rotate relative to each other.

2. The pipe fitting nut fastener according to claim 1, wherein: The depth (1112-1113) of the first plurality of channels varies along the length (1102) of the first circumferential direction.

3. The pipe fitting nut fastener according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The depth (1106-1107) of the second plurality of channels varies along the length (514) of the second circumferential direction.

4. The pipe fitting nut fastener according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The second plurality of channels have a centerline (1202) in the second circumferential direction, the centerline having a non-zero angle (1204) offset from a plane (1206) orthogonal to the axis (1208) of the body (108) based on the pitch (1802) of the internal thread, to increase the torsional spring force generated between the body (108) and the nut (110) when the body (108) and the nut (110) rotate relative to each other.

5. The pipe fitting nut fastener according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The plurality of joining members include a plurality of balls (512-1), and The nut includes a port (304) located in the inner surface, the port extending from the first plurality of channels to the first end and being sized to receive the plurality of balls.

6. The pipe fitting nut fastener according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The spatial relationship between the reference mark and the visual indicator (2002) on the nut indicates whether the pipe fitting nut fastener is under torque or not.

7. A method (2100) for manufacturing a pipe fitting nut fastener (102), the method comprising: Provided (2102) a nut having: a first plurality of channels (704) arranged in a first circumferential direction (706) and radially spaced along an inner surface (708) near a first end (702); and an inner ring (402) protruding radially from the inner surface near a second end (703); Provided (2104) a main body (108) having: a reference mark (116) disposed on an outer surface (118) near a third end (502); and a second plurality of channels (508) disposed in a second circumferential direction (510) and radially spaced along the outer surface near a fourth end (503); as well as The first plurality of channels are joined to the second plurality of channels using the joining member (512) (2106). in: The body includes an inner surface (306), the inner surface (306) of the body having an internal thread (308) near the third end, and The first plurality of channels have a centerline (1302) in the first circumferential direction, the centerline having a non-zero angle (1306) offset from a plane (1304) orthogonal to the axis (1308) of the nut (110) based on the pitch (1802) of the internal thread, to increase the torsional spring force generated between the body (108) and the nut (110) when the body (108) and the nut (110) rotate relative to each other.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The depth (1112-1113) of the first plurality of channels varies along the length (1102) of the first circumferential direction.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The depth (1106-1107) of the second plurality of channels varies along the length (514) of the second circumferential direction.

10. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The second plurality of channels have a centerline (1202) in the second circumferential direction, the centerline having a non-zero angle (1204) offset from a plane (1206) orthogonal to the axis (1208) of the body (108) based on the pitch (1802) of the internal thread, to increase the torsional spring force generated between the body (108) and the nut (110) when the body (108) and the nut (110) rotate relative to each other.

11. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The joining member includes a ball (512-1); The nut includes a plurality of ports (304) located in the inner surface, the plurality of ports extending from the first plurality of channels to the first end and sized to receive the ball, and Connecting the first plurality of channels to the second plurality of channels includes: Align the first plurality of channels with the second plurality of channels (2202); and The ball is loaded (2204) into the first plurality of channels and the second plurality of channels using the plurality of ports.

12. A method (2300) for terminating a pipe fitting (104) at a connector (106) using a pipe fitting nut fastener (102), the method comprising: Slide (2302) the sleeve (112) into the pipe fitting nut fastener, wherein the pipe fitting nut fastener includes a nut (110) having a first plurality of channels (704) disposed along an inner surface (708), a body (108) having a second plurality of channels (508) disposed along an outer surface (118), and a plurality of engaging members (512) disposed between the nut and the body within the first plurality of channels and the second plurality of channels. Install the clamp and the pipe fitting nut fastener (2304) onto the end (1804) of the pipe fitting; Rotate (2306) the pipe fitting nut fastener to engage the internal thread (308) of the body with the external thread (128) of the connector; and A torque (2308) is applied to rotate the nut relative to the body to reduce the relative depth of the first plurality of channels and the second plurality of channels across the plurality of engagement members and to generate a torsional spring force that biases the nut relative to the body in the rotational direction (126).

13. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: The first spatial relationship between the reference mark (116) on the outer surface of the body and the visual indicator (2002) on the nut determines (2402-2404) that the pipe fitting nut fastener is in a state of applied torque.

14. The method according to claim 13, further comprising: The pipe fitting nut fastener is determined to be in an untorped state based on a second spatial relationship between the reference mark and the visual indicator, which is different from the first spatial relationship. (2402-2406) 15. The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein: The depth (1112-1113) of the first plurality of channels varies along the length (1102).

16. The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein: The depth (1106-1107) of the second plurality of channels varies along the length (514).

17. The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein: The first plurality of channels have a centerline (1302) in the first circumferential direction (706), the centerline (1302) having a non-zero angle (1306) offset from a plane (1304) orthogonal to the axis (1308) of the nut (110) based on the pitch (1802) of the internal thread, to increase the torsional spring force generated between the body (108) and the nut (110) when the body (108) and the nut (110) rotate relative to each other.

18. The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein: The second plurality of channels have a centerline (1202) in the second circumferential direction (510), the centerline (1202) having a non-zero angle (1204) offset from a plane (1206) orthogonal to the axis (1208) of the body (108) based on the pitch (1802) of the internal thread, to increase the torsional spring force generated between the body (108) and the nut (110) when the body (108) and the nut (110) rotate relative to each other.

Images