Hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy cross-region optimization configuration method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy cross-region optimization configuration method and system, collects current weather data and regional energy demand data, simulates regional electricity demand and heat demand data; a mathematical model of a cross-region hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy energy storage system is constructed; a target function and system balance constraint condition of multi-energy cross-region optimization configuration are determined; the obtained data is used for optimization calculation of the cross-region hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy energy storage system, optimal energy storage configuration is obtained, cross-region energy distribution is realized, the electricity and heat demands of users can be met across regions, the stability of renewable energy consumption is realized, the time and space matching of renewable energy and load is better, and the utilization efficiency of renewable energy is improved. The method utilizes the complementation of hydrogen-electricity coupling energy storage, gives optimal energy storage configuration according to the regional heat load, renewable energy output and electric load characteristics, better plays the role of energy storage, and solves the problem of high renewable energy rejection in a high proportion of renewable energy regions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of cross-regional energy storage system allocation, and relates to a hydrogen-electricity coupled multi-energy cross-regional optimization configuration method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the renewable energy power generation capacity has increased significantly, and now it has become the most ideal choice to cope with climate change. The increase of the share of renewable energy in the power system brings new challenges to the safety and stability of the power grid operation, and the existing power grid cannot support the substantial growth of renewable energy generation. How to maximize the safe and stable use of clean renewable energy depends on the implementation of energy storage systems.

[0003] Hydrogen mainly exists in the form of a compound on earth, is the most widely distributed substance in the universe, accounts for 75% of the mass of the universe, and is a secondary energy. Hydrogen energy is likely to become a significant energy on the world energy stage in the 21st century, and the hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and application technology will also become the focus of attention in the 21st century. Hydrogen has the characteristic of high combustion heat value, which is 3 times that of gasoline, 3.9 times that of alcohol, and 4.5 times that of coke. Hydrogen is a well-known clean and green energy with nearly zero carbon emissions. Through fuel cells, hydrogen can be converted into electric energy and heat energy to meet the power demand and heat demand. The hydrogen energy system not only has the function of an energy storage system, but also has the flexibility and diversity of energy supply. Therefore, the use of hydrogen can clean and effectively absorb renewable energy.

[0004] A fuel cell is a chemical device that directly converts the chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, also known as an electrochemical power generator. It is the fourth power generation technology after hydraulic power generation, thermal power generation, and atomic power generation. Since fuel cells convert part of the Gibbs free energy in the chemical energy of fuel into electric energy through electrochemical reactions, they are not limited by the Carnot cycle effect, and thus have high efficiency. In addition, fuel cells use fuel and oxygen as raw materials, and have no mechanical transmission parts, so they emit very little harmful gas and have a long service life. Therefore, from the perspective of energy saving and environmental protection, fuel cells are the most promising power generation technology.

[0005] A battery energy storage system is a system that uses lithium batteries / lead batteries as energy storage carriers to store electric energy for a certain period of time and supply electric energy for a certain period of time, and provides functions such as smooth transition, peak clipping, frequency and voltage regulation. It has the advantages of mature technology, large capacity, safety and reliability, low noise, strong environmental adaptability, and easy installation.

[0006] At present in the northern region of China, the proportion of coal which has been over 70% for a long time is still the main heat source, which leads to the amazing amount of carbon dioxide emissions, and the heating industry has the largest growth space for carbon emission reduction, and the situation of emission reduction is also the most urgent. Heating is a livelihood necessity, and this particularity also increases the difficulty of carbon emission reduction.

[0007] The scheme hopes to solve the problem of the upper limit of the output of the combined heat and power unit by researching a cross-regional hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy storage system based on renewable energy consumption and an optimal storage configuration method, combining renewable energy in the winter central heating period, meeting the electricity and heat demand across regions, and maximizing the consumption of renewable energy and minimizing the carbon emissions of the thermal power system. SUMMARY

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy cross-regional optimization configuration method and system.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0010] A hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy cross-regional optimization configuration method comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1: Obtain the environmental data and energy demand data of the current region, and simulate the electricity demand and heat demand of the current region;

[0012] S2: Build a mathematical model of the cross-regional hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy storage system;

[0013] S3: Determine the objective function and system balance constraint condition of the multi-energy cross-regional optimization configuration;

[0014] S4: Solve the objective function by using an optimization algorithm to obtain an optimal scheduling strategy.

[0015] Further improvements of the present application are as follows:

[0016] The mathematical model in S2 includes a hydrogen storage tank model, a battery model, a renewable energy unit output model, a thermal power unit model and a combined heat and power unit model.

[0017] S2 comprises the following steps:

[0018] S201: Build a hydrogen storage tank model:

[0019]

[0020] Wherein, Ht represents the hydrogen storage amount of the jth region in the tth period, and the unit is megawatt; Pj,t represents the production of hydrogen in the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatt; Cj,t represents the consumption of hydrogen in the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatt; the consumption of hydrogen at each time does not exceed the storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank at the previous time, Hj,t,g represents the hydrogen transported from other regions to the jth region through the natural gas pipeline in the tth period, in units of megawatt; a positive value represents the amount of hydrogen transported from other regions to the jth region, and a negative value represents the amount of hydrogen transported from the jth region to other regions; g represents the number of pipelines connected to the jth region, which is valued from 1 to G; Cj represents the upper limit of the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, in units of megawatt;

[0021] Cj represents the lower limit of the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, in units of megawatt;

[0022] S202: Battery model:

[0023]

[0024] Pb represents the loss of battery charging and discharging; Ej,t represents the storage amount of electricity in the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatt; Cj,t represents the charging amount of the battery in the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatt; Dj,t represents the discharging amount of the battery in the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatt; a and b are both integer variables, valued at 0 or 1, M is infinity, and a and b cannot be 1 at the same time; Cj represents the upper limit of the capacity of the electricity storage in the jth region, in units of megawatt; Cj represents the upper limit of the capacity of the electricity storage in the jth region; and Cj and Dj represent the charging and discharging coefficients, respectively, limiting the charging and discharging amount of the battery each time;

[0025] S203: Renewable energy unit output model:

[0026]

[0027] Wj,t represents the wind power output in the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatt; Wj represents the upper limit of the wind power output in the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatt; Pj,t represents the photovoltaic power output in the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatt; Pj represents the upper limit of the photovoltaic power output in the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatt; Hj,t represents the hydropower output in the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatt; Hj represents the upper limit of the hydropower output in the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatt;

[0028] S204: Thermal power unit model:

[0029]

[0030] This represents the output of condensing thermal power units in region j during time period t, in megawatts. and These represent the upper and lower limits of the output of condensing gas-fired thermal power units, respectively, in megawatts. This indicates the ramp-up rate of a condensing gas-fired power unit.

[0031] S205: Cogeneration Unit Model

[0032]

[0033] This represents the output of the cogeneration unit in region j during time period t, in megawatts. and These represent the upper and lower limits of the output of a combined heat and power (CHP) unit, respectively, in megawatts. This indicates the ramp rate of a combined heat and power (CHP) unit.

[0034] In S3, the objective function for multi-energy cross-regional optimal allocation is:

[0035]

[0036] The objective function is to minimize the sum of carbon emissions from all power generation units and combined heat and power (CHP) units supplying electricity to the entire region; where, The scheduling period ranges from 1 to... , The range represents values ​​from 1 to... , It is about and The function represents Always Carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants in the region, in tons. This represents the output of the thermal power unit in region j during time period t; This represents the output of the cogeneration unit in region j during time period t;

[0037] The electrical load balance constraint is:

[0038]

[0039] This represents the output of thermal power units in region j during time period t, in megawatts. This represents the output of the combined heat and power unit in region j during time period t, in megawatts; , , represents the wind power, photovoltaic and hydropower output of the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatts; represents the power transmitted from other regions to the jth region, in units of megawatts, wherein a positive value represents that power is transmitted from other regions to the jth region, and a negative value represents that power is transmitted from the jth region to other regions; l represents the number of power transmission lines connected to the jth region, and takes a value from 1 to L; represents the discharge capacity of the battery, in units of megawatts; represents the hydrogen consumption of the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatts; is the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell, represents the electrical load of the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatts; represents the storage capacity of the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatts; represents the hydrogen production of the jth region in the tth period, in units of megawatts; represents the efficiency of the electrolyzer;

[0040] The thermal load balance constraint condition is:

[0041]

[0042] represents the electricity-heat ratio of the combined heat and power unit; represents the heat recovery efficiency of the fuel cell; is the thermal load of the jth region at the tth moment, in units of megawatts;

[0043] The cross-region transmission capacity constraint condition is:

[0044]

[0045] represents the upper limit of the transmission capacity of the power transmission line l, is always greater than 0; represents the upper limit of the transmission capacity of the pipeline g, when the constraint is satisfied when the constraint is satisfied.

[0046] In the S1, the electrical demand and thermal demand of the current region are simulated by the EnergyPlus software.

[0047] A hydrogen-electricity coupled multi-energy cross-region optimization configuration system, comprising a region simulation module, a model construction module, a target function and constraint condition construction module, and an optimization scheduling module;

[0048] The region simulation module is used to obtain environmental data and energy demand data of the current region, and simulate the electrical demand and thermal demand of the current region.

[0049] a model construction module, configured to construct a mathematical model of the hydrogen-electricity coupled multi-energy storage system across regions;

[0050] a target function and constraint condition construction module, configured to determine a target function and system balance constraint condition of the multi-energy cross-region optimization configuration;

[0051] an optimization scheduling module, configured to solve the target function by using an optimization algorithm to obtain an optimal scheduling strategy.

[0052] A hydrogen-electricity coupled multi-energy storage system across regions, comprising a thermal power unit, a renewable energy unit, a combined heat and power unit, an electrolytic tank, a battery unit, a first energy consumption side unit, a waste heat recovery unit, a fuel cell unit, a hydrogen storage unit, a power grid, a hydrogen supply chain and a second energy consumption side.

[0053] The electric power generated by the combined heat and power unit, the renewable energy unit and the thermal power unit is transmitted to the first energy consumption side unit, the battery unit and the electrolytic tank unit, and to the second energy consumption side unit through the power grid, and the heat generated by the combined heat and power unit, the renewable energy unit and the thermal power unit is transmitted to the first energy consumption side unit.

[0054] The hydrogen generated by the electrolytic tank unit is transmitted to the hydrogen storage unit, which in turn transmits the hydrogen to the fuel cell unit and the waste heat recovery unit, and to the second energy consumption side unit through the hydrogen supply chain.

[0055] The fuel cell unit and the waste heat recovery unit transmit the generated electric power and heat energy to the first energy consumption side unit, respectively.

[0056] A terminal device, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method according to any one of the present application when executing the computer program.

[0057] A computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method according to any one of the present application.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] The application discloses a hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy cross-region optimization configuration method and system, establishes a mathematical model according to the current energy demand of a region, realizes cross-region energy distribution, can meet the electricity and heat demands of users across regions, improves the stability of renewable energy consumption, makes the time and space of renewable energy and load more matched, solves the problem of high abandoned electricity in a region with a high proportion of renewable energy, and improves the utilization efficiency of renewable energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0060] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0061] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a cross-region hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy storage system framework, wherein the solid line represents electricity, the dashed line represents hydrogen, and the dotted line represents heat.

[0062] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy cross-region optimization configuration method.

[0063] Figure 3 It is a flowchart for solving the hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy cross-region optimization configuration method.

[0064] Figure 4 It is the renewable energy output and electricity demand of a certain region in winter.

[0065] Figure 5 It is a comparison chart of combined heat and power unit output results.

[0066] Figure 6 It is a comparison chart of abandoned electricity results.

[0067] Figure 7 It is a comparison chart of carbon emission results.

[0068] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the optimal configuration results of the storage energy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0070] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0071] It should be noted that: similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0072] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, if the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship when the product of the present application is usually placed, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for differentiation in description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0073] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is relatively more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0074] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the terms "arrange", "mount", "connect", "connect" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0075] The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings:

[0076] Referring toFigure 1 The application discloses a hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy cross-region optimization configuration system, which comprises a thermal power unit, a renewable energy unit, a combined heat and power unit, an electrolytic tank, a battery unit, a first energy consumption side unit, a waste heat recovery unit, a fuel cell unit, a hydrogen storage unit, a power grid, a hydrogen supply chain and a second energy consumption side.

[0077] The system disclosed in the embodiment of the application meets the heat demand and the electricity demand of the region by the renewable energy unit and the thermal power unit in the region I, stores the renewable energy that cannot be consumed, and transmits the energy to the region II through the power grid or the hydrogen supply chain, so that the cross-region transmission of energy is realized.

[0078] The fuel cell unit of the system is connected with the waste heat recovery unit, and the waste heat recovery unit is connected with the first energy consumption side unit; the photovoltaic generator set, the wind power generator set, the thermal power generator set and the hydroelectric generator set are connected with the power grid to provide the power demand of users, and the system is connected with the electrolytic tank unit and the battery unit through wires, and is used for three purposes of energy supply, power supply of the electrolytic tank unit and power storage of the battery unit. The electrolytic tank unit is connected with the hydrogen storage tank unit, and the hydrogen storage tank unit is connected with the fuel cell unit. The hydrogen generated by the electrolytic tank unit is directly stored in the hydrogen storage tank unit, is transmitted to the fuel cell unit through the hydrogen storage tank unit, and the power output end of the fuel cell unit is connected with the power grid to provide the power demand of users.

[0079] The thermal power unit is divided into two types: a condensing unit for pure power supply and an extraction unit for central heating. The renewable energy unit comprises a photovoltaic generator set, a hydroelectric generator set and a wind power generator set. The renewable energy unit and the thermal power unit jointly generate electricity, which is transmitted to the first energy consumption side unit through a power transmission line in the region to meet the electricity demand. The heat output of the combined heat and power unit in the thermal power and the heat energy generated by the hydrogen generated by the fuel cell can jointly meet the heat demand of users.

[0080] Due to the fluctuation of the output of the renewable energy unit and the mismatch between the output of the renewable energy unit and the load, there is excess power at some moments. Part of the power is input into the electrolytic tank unit to generate hydrogen through electrolysis. The hydrogen is compressed by a compressor and stored in the hydrogen storage tank unit. Another part of the power is directly stored in the battery. When the output of the renewable energy is small at some moments, the electricity in the battery unit is directly transmitted to the first energy consumption side to meet part of the electricity demand. The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank unit enters the fuel cell unit to generate electricity and heat. The electricity is directly transmitted to the first energy consumption side, and the heat is recovered by the heat recovery unit to meet part of the heat demand of users.

[0081] At the same time, if the renewable energy generation capacity in region one is redundant and the renewable energy generation capacity in region two is insufficient, region one can transmit energy to region two through the power grid and hydrogen supply chain, and when the renewable energy generation capacity in region one is insufficient and the renewable energy generation capacity in region two is redundant, region two can transmit energy to region one through the power grid and hydrogen supply chain, thereby achieving the purpose of cross-regional consumption of renewable energy.

[0082] Referring to Figure 2 The method discloses a hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy cross-regional optimization configuration method, comprising the following steps:

[0083] S1: Collecting current weather data and regional energy demand data, and simulating the electric demand and thermal demand data of the region through EnergyPlus software;

[0084] S2: Building a mathematical model of a cross-regional hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy storage system;

[0085] S3: Determining the objective function and system balance constraint conditions of the multi-energy cross-regional optimization configuration;

[0086] S4: Optimizing the cross-regional hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy storage system according to the obtained data to obtain the optimal energy storage configuration;

[0087] In S2, the following steps are included:

[0088] 201: Building a mathematical model of a cross-regional hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy storage system, which includes a hydrogen storage tank model, a battery model, a renewable energy unit output model, a thermal power unit model and a cogeneration unit model.

[0089] Because this model mainly focuses on the cross-regional renewable energy consumption and focuses on the macro-level energy consumption, it does not specifically focus on the specific operation results of a certain device in the system, so the model of the specific device is reasonably simplified without affecting the results.

[0090] The hydrogen storage tank model is:

[0091]

[0092] Hj(t) represents the hydrogen storage amount of region j at the t period, and the unit is megawatt; Hj(t) represents the hydrogen production amount of region j at the t period, and the unit is megawatt; Hj(t) represents the hydrogen consumption amount of region j at the t period, and the unit is megawatt; the hydrogen consumption amount at each moment does not exceed the storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank at the last moment, so Gt represents the hydrogen transported from other regions to region j through the natural gas pipeline in the t period, with the unit of megawatt; the value is positive, representing the hydrogen transported from other regions to region j, and the value is negative, representing the hydrogen transported from region j to other regions. g represents the number of pipelines connected to region j, taking values from 1 to G. Gt represents the hydrogen transported from other regions to region j through the natural gas pipeline in the t period, with the unit of megawatt; the value is positive, representing the hydrogen transported from other regions to region j, and the value is negative, representing the hydrogen transported from region j to other regions. g represents the number of pipelines connected to region j, taking values from 1 to G. Gt represents the hydrogen transported from other regions to region j through the natural gas pipeline in the t period, with the unit of megawatt; the value is positive, representing the hydrogen transported from other regions to region j, and the value is negative, representing the hydrogen transported from region j to other regions. g represents the number of pipelines connected to region j, taking values from 1 to G.

[0093] The hydrogen supply chain described in the system refers to the transportation of hydrogen through natural gas pipelines. Many studies have shown that when the concentration of hydrogen added to the natural gas pipeline does not exceed 15%, the overall safety risk is not too high. The hydrogen storage tank sets a capacity upper limit and a capacity lower limit, and the hydrogen storage amount in the hydrogen storage tank at each moment must satisfy the balance, the storage amount at time t minus the storage amount at time t-1 equals the hydrogen produced at time t minus the hydrogen consumed. When is negative, it means that hydrogen is transported out, and the hydrogen produced is the hydrogen produced in the region, and the hydrogen consumed includes the hydrogen consumed in the region and the hydrogen transported to other regions. When is positive, it means that hydrogen is transported from other regions to the region, and the hydrogen produced includes the hydrogen produced in the region and the hydrogen transported from other regions, and the hydrogen consumed is the hydrogen consumed in the region. For each period t, the consumption of hydrogen comes from the hydrogen storage tank, so the amount of hydrogen consumed in each period cannot exceed the storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank in the previous period.

[0094] Battery model:

[0095]

[0096] represents the loss of battery charging and discharging; Gt represents the storage amount of j region electricity in the t period, with the unit of megawatt; Gt represents the charging amount of j region battery in the t period, with the unit of megawatt; Gt represents the discharging amount of j region battery in the t period, with the unit of megawatt; the storage of battery exists in time coupling relationship. The battery cannot be charged and discharged at the same time, a, b are integer variables, taking values 0 or 1, M is infinite, and a, b cannot be 1 at the same time. Gt represents the capacity upper limit of j region electricity storage, with the unit of megawatt. Gt represents the capacity upper limit of j region electricity storage; and represent the charging and discharging coefficients respectively, limiting the amount of battery charging and discharging each time.

[0097] The storage of the battery at each moment equals the charging amount minus the discharging amount after considering the loss. The storage of the battery is in a time-coupled relationship. The battery cannot be charged and discharged at the same time, so the product of the charging amount and the discharging amount of the battery at the same moment is 0. The charging and discharging capacity of the battery is limited each time, and cannot exceed 30% of the rated capacity.

[0098] Renewable energy unit output model:

[0099]

[0100] Pw, j(t) represents the wind power output of the jth region at the tth period, with the unit of megawatt. Pw, maxj(t) represents the upper limit of the wind power output of the jth region at the tth period, with the unit of megawatt. Ppv, j(t) represents the photovoltaic power output of the jth region at the tth period, with the unit of megawatt. Ppv, maxj(t) represents the upper limit of the photovoltaic power output of the jth region at the tth period, with the unit of megawatt. Pw, j(t) represents the wind power output of the jth region at the tth period, with the unit of megawatt. Pw, maxj(t) represents the upper limit of the wind power output of the jth region at the tth period, with the unit of megawatt.

[0101] The renewable energy output of each device at each period cannot exceed the upper limit of the power generation capacity of the renewable energy device in this region.

[0102] Thermal power unit model:

[0103]

[0104] Pc, j(t) represents the output of the condensing gas thermal power unit of the jth region at the tth period, with the unit of megawatt, and Pc, maxj(t) and Pc, minj(t) represent the upper limit and lower limit of the output of the condensing gas thermal power unit, respectively, with the unit of megawatt; Rc, j represents the ramp rate of the condensing gas thermal power unit.

[0105] Cogeneration unit model:

[0106]

[0107] Pcog, j(t) represents the output of the cogeneration unit of the jth region at the tth period, with the unit of megawatt, and Pcog, maxj(t) and Pcog, minj(t) represent the upper limit and lower limit of the output of the cogeneration unit, respectively, with the unit of megawatt; Rcog, j represents the ramp rate of the cogeneration unit.

[0108] ​The thermal power units supplying power at each moment must meet the upper and lower limits of the equipment output. The units in time period t and time period t-1 must meet the ramp-up limit and the output fluctuation cannot be too large.

[0109] S3 includes the following steps:

[0110] The objective function and system equilibrium constraints are determined. The objective function minimizes the carbon emissions of the system during its operating cycle. The objective function is as follows:

[0111]

[0112] The objective function is to minimize the sum of carbon emissions from all power generation units and combined heat and power units supplying electricity to the entire region; here... The scheduling period ranges from 1 to... , The range represents values ​​from 1 to... , It is about and The function represents Always Regional carbon emissions from thermal power plants, measured in tons, including carbon emissions from thermal power units and carbon emissions from combined heat and power (CHP) units. This represents the power output of the thermal power units in region j during time period t. This represents the output of the cogeneration unit in region j during time period t. This represents the electricity emission factor.

[0113] The electrical load balance constraint is:

[0114]

[0115] This represents the output of the thermal power units in region j during time period t, in megawatts. This represents the output of the combined heat and power unit in region j during time period t, in megawatts. , , These represent the wind, solar, and hydropower outputs in region j during time period t, respectively, in megawatts. This represents the amount of electricity transmitted from other areas to area j, measured in megawatts. The value can be positive or negative; a positive value indicates electricity being transmitted from other areas to area j, while a negative value indicates electricity being transmitted from area j to other areas. 'l' represents the transmission line number connected to area j, ranging from 1 to L. This indicates the battery's discharge capacity, measured in megawatts (MW). This represents the amount of hydrogen consumed in region j during time period t, expressed in megawatts. It refers to the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell. This represents the electrical load of region j in time period t, in megawatts. The electricity storage capacity of the jth period t region, in megawatts; The hydrogen production capacity of the jth period t region, in megawatts. Indicates the efficiency of the electrolyzer.

[0116] Here, the carbon emission calculation in the entire thermal power production process is simplified using the national unified power emission factor, and the power generated by thermal power is multiplied by the emission factor per unit of power.

[0117] The heat load balance constraint condition is:

[0118]

[0119] Indicates the electricity-heat ratio of the combined heat and power unit, Indicates the heat recovery efficiency of the fuel cell, is the heat load of the jth region at time t, in megawatts.

[0120] The cross-region transmission capacity constraint condition is:

[0121]

[0122]

[0123]

[0124] Indicates the upper limit of the transmission capacity of the power transmission line l, is always greater than 0; Indicates the upper limit of the transmission capacity of the pipeline g, may be positive or negative, when , the constraint is satisfied when , the constraint is satisfied.

[0125] Referring to Figure 3 , S4 includes the following steps:

[0126] 401 Initialize parameters, select demand data and parameter settings of several devices and environments to build a parameter set, the required demand data includes: the electricity demand and heat demand of each region in the winter heating season; the upper limit of the energy storage capacity in the cross-region hydrogen-electricity coupled multi-energy storage system; the device parameters include the upper limit of the output of renewable energy power generation equipment, the upper limit of cross-region transmission capacity, the storage capacity limit of hydrogen storage tank, the conversion efficiency of electrolyzer, the electricity generation and heat generation efficiency of fuel cell, the efficiency of heat recovery device, the charging and discharging parameters of battery, the upper and lower limits of the output of power supply thermal power unit and combined heat and power unit, and the ramp rate.

[0127] 402 Optimization solution, the constructed parameter set is optimized by an optimization algorithm, and each parameter of the energy storage is input into the solver. Linearization is performed for nonlinear constraints, and the constraint of limiting battery charging and discharging at the same time is nonlinear. The solver cannot be solved, so the constraint is linearized: as shown below, a and b are integer variables, taking values 0 or 1, M is infinity, and a and b cannot be 1 at the same time. The ramping constraint of the power supply thermal power unit and the combined heat and power unit is also a nonlinear constraint. After linearization, the solver is called to solve.

[0128]

[0129] 403 Data analysis, the solved results are the output data of each device, which need to be processed and analyzed. In order to illustrate the advantages of this system, the comparison experiment results of this system and other systems are added in data analysis, and the results of each system are analyzed from multiple aspects and multiple dimensions.

[0130] The results show that when the energy storage ratio accounts for 10% of the installed capacity of renewable energy, the abandoned electricity rate of the system without hydrogen and storage is as high as 17.86%, and the abandoned electricity rate of the hydrogen storage system is still 15.22% when the energy storage ratio is 10%. The abandoned electricity rate of the cross-regional hydrogen-electric coupling multi-energy storage system is only 1.68% when the energy storage ratio is 10%. Compared with the ordinary non-energy storage system and the pure energy storage system, the abandoned electricity rate of this system is reduced by more than 85%, which can prove the effectiveness and advantages of this system for renewable energy consumption.

[0131] Referring to Figure 4 The renewable energy output and electricity demand curve in the winter heating period under the future high penetration rate based on the real data prediction of a certain regional power grid is shown in Figure 5 The output of the combined heat and power unit under the target function value and constraint based on the above curve can be seen. Compared with the ordinary hydrogen-free storage system, this system can significantly reduce the lower limit of the output of the combined heat and power unit, and significantly reduce the carbon emissions of central heating.

[0132] Referring to Figures 6-7 , Figure 6 The abandoned electricity rate of the three systems is Figure 7The carbon emissions of the three systems are combined to illustrate the advantages of the system. The hydrogen storage system reduces the abandoned electricity first fast and then slow, and reduces the abandoned electricity faster when the energy storage ratio is low, but because the hydrogen gas has a large energy loss in energy conversion, as the energy storage ratio increases, the consumption capacity gradually falls into a bottleneck. The abandoned electricity reduction rate of the energy storage system is basically unchanged because the energy storage system cannot reduce the lower limit of the output of the cogeneration unit, reduce the abandoned electricity generated by the thermal power coupling, so the reduction effect of the abandoned electricity is not as good as the hydrogen storage system, but because the energy storage system has a small energy loss in charging and discharging, it has a greater consumption potential when the energy storage ratio increases. Compared with the pure hydrogen storage system and the pure energy storage system, the system has the advantages of both, and the disadvantages of both are complementary.

[0133] When the energy storage ratio is low, the hydrogen storage system has a faster consumption rate, and when the energy storage ratio is high, the energy storage system has a larger consumption potential.

[0134] Reference Figure 8 The optimal energy storage configuration result of the system is given, and the energy storage and hydrogen storage ratio when the energy storage ratio is from 1% to 20% is given. It can be seen that when the energy storage ratio is small, the system mainly stores hydrogen, and as the energy storage ratio increases, after the energy storage ratio is 7%, the energy storage starts to increase at a stable speed. This calculation result is consistent with the result analysis shown in Figure 6 , Figure 7 , which can prove the effectiveness of the optimal energy storage configuration method.

[0135] The embodiment of the application discloses a hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy cross-regional optimal configuration system, comprising:

[0136] A regional simulation module is used to obtain environmental data and energy demand data of a current region, simulate power demand and heat demand of the current region.

[0137] A model construction module is used to construct a mathematical model of a cross-regional hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy energy storage system.

[0138] A target function and constraint condition construction module is used to determine a target function and system balance constraint condition of the multi-energy cross-regional optimal configuration.

[0139] An optimal scheduling module is used to solve the target function by using an optimization algorithm to obtain an optimal scheduling strategy.

[0140] The embodiment of the application provides a schematic diagram of a terminal device. The terminal device of the embodiment comprises a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps in each method embodiment described above are implemented. Alternatively, when the processor executes the computer program, the functions of each module / unit in each device embodiment described above are implemented.

[0141] The computer program can be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to complete the present application.

[0142] The terminal device can be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a cloud server, and the like. The terminal device can include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory.

[0143] The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the like.

[0144] The memory can be used to store the computer program and / or modules, and the processor realizes various functions of the terminal device by running or executing the computer program and / or modules stored in the memory, and calling data stored in the memory.

[0145] The modules / units integrated in the terminal device, if realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can also be completed by a computer program instructing related hardware, and the computer program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The computer program can realize the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by a processor. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files or some intermediate forms, etc. The computer readable medium can include any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the contents included in the computer readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction, for example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0146] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with the intent to enable those skilled in the art to make and use it. Various modifications to the preferred embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art and the principles and applications disclosed can be used together with other applications and as components in undreamed of applications. The present application should not be limited to the embodiments described above, but can be practiced with modification and alteration within the scope and spirit of the present application. Accordingly, the disclosure of the preferred embodiments of the present application are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting of the scope of the present application, which is set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. A method for hydrogen-electric coupling multi-energy cross-region optimization configuration, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: obtaining environment data and energy demand data of a current region, and simulating the electricity demand and heat demand of the current region; S2: constructing a mathematical model of a hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy storage system across regions; S3: determining a target function and system balance constraint conditions of multi-energy cross-regional optimization configuration; S4: solving the target function by using an optimization algorithm to obtain an optimal scheduling strategy; The mathematical model in S2 comprises a hydrogen storage tank model, a battery model, a renewable energy unit output model, a thermal power unit model, and a combined heat and power unit model; S2 comprises the following steps: S201: constructing a hydrogen storage tank model; Hs(t, j) represents the hydrogen storage amount in the jth region at the tth time interval, with the unit of megawatt; Hg(t, j) represents the hydrogen production amount in the jth region at the tth time interval, with the unit of megawatt; Hc(t, j) represents the hydrogen consumption amount in the jth region at the tth time interval, with the unit of megawatt; the hydrogen consumption amount at each time interval does not exceed the storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank at the previous time interval, Hg(t, j) represents the hydrogen production amount in the jth region at the tth time interval, with the unit of megawatt; the hydrogen consumption amount at each time interval does not exceed the storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank at the previous time interval, Hs(t, j) represents the hydrogen storage amount in the jth region at the tth time interval, with the unit of megawatt; the hydrogen consumption amount at each time interval does not exceed the storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank at the previous time interval, represents the lower limit of the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank, in megawatts; S202: a battery model: represents the loss of battery charging and discharging; represents the storage capacity of the jth period of the tth region, in megawatts; represents the charging capacity of the jth period of the tth region, in megawatts; represents the discharging capacity of the jth period of the tth region, in megawatts; a, b are integer variables, taking values 0 or 1, M is infinity, and a, b cannot be 1 at the same time; represents the upper limit of the capacity of the jth region, in megawatts; represents the upper limit of the capacity of the jth region; and respectively represent the charging and discharging coefficients, limiting the charging and discharging capacity of the battery each time; S203: a renewable energy unit output model: Pwind,t,j represents the wind power output of the jth region at the tth time interval, in megawatt; Pwind,t,j represents the upper limit of the wind power output of the jth region at the tth time interval, in megawatt; Ppv,t,j represents the photovoltaic power output of the jth region at the tth time interval, in megawatt; Ppv,t,j represents the upper limit of the photovoltaic power output of the jth region at the tth time interval, in megawatt; Phydro,t,j represents the hydroelectric power output of the jth region at the tth time interval, in megawatt; Phydro,t,j represents the upper limit of the hydroelectric power output of the jth region at the tth time interval, in megawatt; S204: a thermal power unit model: Pj,t represents the output of the condensing gas turbine unit in the jth region at the tth time interval, in megawatt, and Pj,max and Pj,min represent the upper limit and the lower limit of the output of the condensing gas turbine unit, respectively, in megawatt; Pj,rate represents the ramping rate of the condensing gas turbine unit. S205: a combined heat and power unit model: Pj,t represents the output of the combined heat and power unit in the jth region at the tth time interval, in units of megawatts; and Pmaxj and Pminj represent the upper limit and the lower limit of the output of the combined heat and power unit, in units of megawatts, respectively; Pj represents the ramp rate of the combined heat and power unit. In S3, the target function of multi-energy cross-regional optimization configuration is: The objective function is the sum of carbon emissions of the power supply thermal power units and the combined heat and power units in the whole region, and the sum is minimized; wherein, represents the dispatching cycle value from 1 to , represents the region value from 1 to , is a function about and , represents the thermal power carbon emission of the jth region at the ith moment, the unit is ton, represents the thermal power carbon emission of the jth region at the ith moment, the unit is ton, represents the thermal power unit output of the jth region at the tth period; represents the combined heat and power unit output of the jth region at the tth period; The electricity load balance constraint condition is: This represents the output of thermal power units in region j during time period t, in megawatts. This represents the output of the combined heat and power unit in region j during time period t, in megawatts; , , These represent the wind power, photovoltaic power, and hydropower output in region j during time period t, respectively, in megawatts. This represents the amount of electricity transmitted from other areas to area j, measured in megawatts. A positive value indicates that electricity is transmitted from other areas to area j, while a negative value indicates that electricity is transmitted from area j to other areas. l represents the transmission line number connected to area j, ranging from 1 to L. This indicates the battery's discharge capacity, measured in megawatts (MW). This represents the amount of hydrogen consumed in region j during time period t, expressed in megawatts. It refers to the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell. This represents the electrical load of region j in time period t, in megawatts. This represents the energy storage capacity of region j during time period t, in megawatts. Hydrogen production in region j during time period t, in megawatts; Indicates the efficiency of the electrolytic cell; The heat load balance constraint condition is: represents an electric-thermal ratio of a cogeneration unit; represents a thermal recovery efficiency of a fuel cell; is a thermal load of the j region at time t, in megawatts; The cross-region transmission capacity constraint condition is: represents an upper limit of a transmission capacity of the power transmission line l, is constant and greater than 0; represents an upper limit of a transmission capacity of the pipeline g, when the constraint is satisfied when the constraint is satisfied; A system for hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy cross-regional optimization configuration method comprises a regional simulation module, a model construction module, a target function and constraint condition construction module, and an optimization scheduling module; The regional simulation module is used to obtain environment data and energy demand data of a current region, and simulate the electricity demand and heat demand of the current region; The model construction module is used to construct a mathematical model of a hydrogen-electricity coupling multi-energy storage system across regions; The target function and constraint condition construction module determines a target function and system balance constraint conditions of multi-energy cross-regional optimization configuration; The optimization scheduling module is used to solve the target function by using an optimization algorithm to obtain an optimal scheduling strategy; It comprises a thermal power unit, a renewable energy unit, a combined heat and power unit, an electrolytic tank, a battery unit, a first energy consumption side unit, a waste heat recovery unit, a fuel cell unit, a hydrogen storage unit, a power grid, a hydrogen supply chain, and a second energy consumption side; The electricity generated by the combined heat and power unit, the renewable energy unit, and the thermal power unit is transmitted to the first energy consumption side unit, the battery unit, and the electrolytic tank unit, and the electricity generated by the combined heat and power unit, the renewable energy unit, and the thermal power unit is transmitted to the second energy consumption side unit through the power grid. The hydrogen generated by the electrolytic tank unit is transmitted to the hydrogen storage unit, and the hydrogen is sequentially transmitted to the fuel cell unit and the waste heat recovery unit through the hydrogen supply chain. The fuel cell unit and the waste heat recovery unit transmit the generated electricity and heat energy to the first energy consumption side unit, respectively. 2.The hydrogen-electric coupling multi-energy cross-region optimization configuration method of claim 1, wherein, In S1, the electricity demand and heat demand of the current region are simulated by using the EnergyPlus software.

3. A terminal device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method of claim 1.

4. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 3. The computer program is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method of claim 1.

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