An assembly tool for crankshaft and piston connecting rod assembly of an engine

Abstract

The present invention relates to an assembly tool for a crankshaft and a piston-connecting rod group of an engine, comprising: a tool platform, on which an engine assembly station is provided, and the engine assembly station is provided with a crankshaft assembly hole that passes through the table top from top to bottom; a platform bracket, which is vertically fixed on one side of the tool platform, and on the outer side of which a positioner flange connection plate is provided; a crankshaft rotation drive mechanism, which is provided on one side of the engine assembly station, and is provided with a crankshaft sleeve that matches the main journal of the crankshaft, and the crankshaft sleeve is provided with a crankshaft sleeve rotation drive device and a crankshaft sleeve horizontal movement drive device; a piston-connecting rod group guide mechanism, which is provided on the bottom surface of the tool platform, and is provided with a vertical guide rod, the guide rod is located below the crankshaft assembly hole, and the guide rod is provided with a guide rod up and down movement drive device and a guide rod horizontal movement drive device. The present invention can be used in conjunction with an industrial robot and a positioner to realize the automated assembly of crankshafts and piston-connecting rod groups of different engines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an assembly tool for a crankshaft and a piston connecting rod group of an engine, belonging to the technical field of engine assembly. Background Art

[0002] Under the existing technology, the crankshaft and piston-connecting rod assembly of the engine are usually assembled into the engine body by manual assembly or semi-automatic assembly, which has low assembly efficiency and high labor intensity. In addition, during the assembly process, the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft and the connecting rod big end cannot be accurately aligned due to accidental rotation of the crankshaft or deflection of the piston-connecting rod assembly during insertion into the cylinder, resulting in the inability to quickly and effectively assemble the piston-connecting rod assembly and the crankshaft, affecting the assembly efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an assembly tool for the crankshaft and piston connecting rod group of an engine, which can realize the automated assembly operation of the crankshaft and piston connecting rod group of the engine in cooperation with an industrial robot and a positioner, and has high assembly efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: an assembly tool for the crankshaft and piston connecting rod assembly of an engine, comprising:

[0005] A tooling platform, on which an engine assembly station is provided, wherein the engine assembly station is provided with a crankshaft assembly hole that passes through the table top from top to bottom;

[0006] The platform bracket is plate-shaped and vertically fixed on one side of the tooling platform, with its plate surface perpendicular to the table surface of the tooling platform and a positioner flange connection plate provided on its outer side;

[0007] A crankshaft rotation driving mechanism is arranged at one side of the engine assembly station, and is provided with a crankshaft sleeve matched with the main journal of the crankshaft, and the crankshaft sleeve is provided with a crankshaft sleeve rotation driving device for driving the crankshaft sleeve to rotate and a crankshaft sleeve horizontal movement driving device for driving the crankshaft sleeve to move horizontally and linearly;

[0008] The piston-connecting rod assembly guiding mechanism is arranged on the bottom surface of the tooling platform and is provided with a vertical guiding rod. The guiding rod is located below the crankshaft assembly hole and has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting rod cover mounting screw hole on the connecting rod. The guiding rod is provided with a guiding rod vertical movement driving device for driving it to move up and down and a guiding rod horizontal movement driving device for driving it to move horizontally and linearly.

[0009] Preferably, a dustproof partition is provided between the platform bracket and the positioner flange connection plate.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the platform bracket extends downwardly out of the bottom surface of the tooling platform, and oblique supporting ribs are provided between the bottom end of the platform bracket and the bottom surface of the tooling platform.

[0011] Preferably, the crankshaft assembly hole is a rectangular hole, and its length direction is along the left and right direction of the tooling platform. The length of the crankshaft assembly hole is greater than the length of the crankshaft, and the width is usually greater than the width of the crankshaft and less than the outer edge width of the engine body.

[0012] Preferably, the crankshaft sleeve rotation driving device is a swing cylinder, and the crankshaft sleeve is connected to the output end (output shaft or output flange) of the swing cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the crankshaft sleeve horizontal movement drive device includes a linear cylinder, a connecting plate and a connecting plate guiding mechanism, the connecting plate guiding mechanism includes a sliding rail and a slider that slide together, the linear cylinder and the slide rail are fixedly arranged on the table top of the tooling platform, the piston rod of the linear cylinder is parallel to the slide rail in the left-right direction, the piston rod of the linear cylinder is fixedly connected to the slider, the connecting plate is parallel to the platform bracket and is located in the crankshaft assembly hole, and is fixedly connected to the slider through a connecting section extending outward from its top, and the swing cylinder is fixedly connected to the plate surface of the connecting plate (the plate surface facing the direction of the engine assembly station).

[0014] Furthermore, the linear cylinder is a double-rod cylinder (double-piston rod single-acting cylinder).

[0015] Preferably, two limit stops are fixedly provided on the slide rail, a distance is left between the two limit stops, and the slide block is located between the two limit stops.

[0016] Preferably, there are two connecting plate guide mechanisms, which are respectively located on both sides of the crankshaft assembly hole. The connecting sections are provided at both ends of the top of the connecting plate. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the sliders of the connecting plate guide mechanism on the corresponding side through the two connecting sections.

[0017] Preferably, the guide rod up and down movement driving device comprises a guide rod driving cylinder, the guide rod driving cylinder is a telescopic cylinder, a piston rod of which is vertically upward, and the guide rod is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the guide rod driving cylinder.

[0018] Preferably, the guide rod horizontal movement drive device includes a screw, a stepper motor and a moving part. The screw is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the tooling platform along the left and right directions through a bearing seat. The stepper motor is connected to one end of the screw through a coupling. The moving part is threadedly connected to the screw through a screw hole opened thereon, and the guide rod driving cylinder is fixedly connected to the moving part.

[0019] Furthermore, the guide rod up and down movement driving device is a multi-stage cylinder group, including several cylinders, the front-stage cylinder is connected to the piston rod of the rear-stage cylinder, the first-stage cylinder is the guide rod driving cylinder, the piston rods of other cylinders except the first-stage cylinder are located on the side of the cylinder body facing the previous-stage cylinder, and the last-stage cylinder is fixedly connected to the moving part.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of photoelectric sensors are provided on the bottom surface of the tooling platform, and the plurality of photoelectric sensors are arranged in a straight line along the left-right direction and are located on one side of the screw. The number of the photoelectric sensors is the same as the number of cylinders of the engine, and the position of each photoelectric sensor corresponds one-to-one to the position of each cylinder when the engine is fixed on the engine assembly station. A photoelectric scanning component cooperating with the photoelectric sensor is provided on the side of the movable part facing the photoelectric sensor.

[0021] Furthermore, the photoelectric sensor can be slidably connected to the bottom surface of the tooling platform along the left-right direction, and a positioning device is provided so that the photoelectric sensor can flexibly adjust the setting position according to the different numbers and positions of cylinders of different engines.

[0022] Preferably, the movable part is provided with a movable part guiding mechanism, and the movable part guiding mechanism includes a guide shaft and a sliding part, the guide shaft is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the tooling platform through a mounting seat and is parallel to the screw, the sliding part is slidably connected to the guide shaft, and the sliding part is fixedly connected to the movable part.

[0023] Preferably, the number of the guide rods is two, and the distance between the two guide rods is the same as the distance between the two connecting rod cover mounting screw holes on the connecting rod.

[0024] The various parts of the crankshaft and piston-connecting rod assembly assembly of the engine that have a connection relationship can be connected by using appropriate connectors according to the existing technology. A matching control device can be set according to the existing technology to control related parts, devices or mechanisms, as well as joint control with other equipment (such as positioners and industrial robots).

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. The present invention can be used in conjunction with industrial robots and positioners to realize the automated assembly of crankshafts and piston-connecting rod assemblies of different engines, and realize the process production operation of the engine assembly process. The assembly process does not require manual participation, avoiding operational errors caused by manual assembly. It has the characteristics of high assembly efficiency, standardized process, low error rate, and saving of manual labor intensity;

[0027] 2. The crankshaft rotation drive mechanism of the present invention can drive the crankshaft installed on the engine body to rotate. When assembling the piston-connecting rod assembly into the cylinder, the corresponding connecting rod journal on the crankshaft can be rotated to the direction toward the corresponding cylinder (upward), ensuring the accuracy of positioning the piston-connecting rod assembly and the corresponding connecting rod journal of the advancing cylinder, so that after the piston-connecting rod assembly is pushed into the cylinder, the connecting rod big end can be accurately, quickly and smoothly assembled on the connecting rod journal, thereby improving assembly efficiency and accuracy;

[0028] 3. The setting of the piston-connecting rod assembly guiding mechanism of the present invention can guide and limit the piston-connecting rod assembly through the guiding rod during the process of the piston-connecting rod assembly pushing the cylinder, thereby preventing the piston-connecting rod assembly from rotating during the process of pushing the cylinder, and further ensuring the precise positioning of the piston-connecting rod assembly and the corresponding connecting rod journal, so that after the piston-connecting rod assembly pushes the cylinder, the connecting rod big end can be accurately assembled on the corresponding connecting rod journal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another angle of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when viewed from above;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention viewed from another angle;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The structural diagram of the middle part I;

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 The structural diagram of the middle part II;

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of Part III. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings), and do not constitute a limitation on the actual use direction. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0037] See also Figure 1-7The present invention discloses an assembly tool for the crankshaft and piston-connecting rod group of an engine, which is mainly used for the assembly of the crankshaft and piston-connecting rod group on the engine, and can cooperate with an industrial robot and a positioner to realize the automatic assembly of the crankshaft and piston-connecting rod group of different engines. The assembly tool comprises a tool platform 1, a platform bracket 2, a crankshaft rotation drive mechanism and a piston-connecting rod group guide mechanism. The tool platform is usually in the shape of a rectangular plate and is arranged horizontally. An engine assembly station (an area on the table for assembling the engine) is provided on the table top thereof, which is used to place and position the engine body. The engine body can be fixed to the engine assembly station by bolts or clamps according to the prior art. The engine assembly station is provided with a crankshaft assembly hole (assembly operation hole) 3 that passes through the table top of the tool platform from top to bottom, which is mainly used for the crankshaft to pass through the tool platform from bottom to top when assembling the crankshaft on the engine body. The platform bracket is plate-shaped and vertically fixed on the left side of the tooling platform, with its plate surface perpendicular to the table top of the tooling platform. A positioner flange connection plate 4 is provided on the outer side of the platform bracket for connecting with the output flange of the positioner. The crankshaft rotation drive mechanism is arranged on the right side of the engine assembly station, and is provided with a crankshaft sleeve 5 that cooperates with the main journal of the crankshaft. The crankshaft sleeve is provided with a crankshaft sleeve rotation drive device for driving its rotation and a crankshaft sleeve horizontal movement drive device for driving its horizontal left and right linear movement. When the crankshaft sleeve horizontal movement drive device drives the crankshaft sleeve to move horizontally toward the left side, the crankshaft sleeve can be coaxially docked and radially (or circumferentially) relatively fixed with the main journal of the crankshaft of the engine fixed on the engine assembly station. In actual applications, the crankshaft sleeve can be installed on the crankshaft sleeve rotation drive device, and the crankshaft sleeve rotation drive device can be installed on the crankshaft sleeve horizontal movement drive device. The crankshaft sleeve rotation drive device is driven by the crankshaft sleeve horizontal movement drive device to move horizontally, thereby driving the crankshaft sleeve to move horizontally. The piston-connecting rod assembly guiding mechanism is arranged on the bottom surface of the tooling platform and is provided with a vertical guiding rod 6. The guiding rod is located below the crankshaft assembly hole, and its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting rod cover mounting screw hole on the connecting rod. The guiding rod is used to guide and limit the piston-connecting rod assembly when the piston-connecting rod assembly is assembled into the cylinder of the engine to prevent it from rotating. The guiding rod is provided with a guiding rod up-and-down movement driving device for driving it to move up and down and a guiding rod horizontal movement driving device for driving it to move horizontally and linearly left and right. In actual application, the guiding rod can be installed on the guiding rod up-and-down movement driving device, and the guiding rod up-and-down movement driving device can be installed on the guiding rod horizontal movement driving device. The guiding rod horizontal movement driving device drives the guiding rod up-and-down movement driving device to move linearly left and right, thereby driving the guiding rod to move linearly left and right.

[0038] A dustproof baffle 7 is preferably provided between the platform bracket and the positioner flange connection plate to isolate oil or powder to prevent the oil or powder in the workpiece from affecting the operation of the positioner during the process of transferring the crankshaft and piston connecting rod assembly into the engine body.

[0039] The bottom of the platform bracket preferably extends downward from the bottom surface of the tooling platform, and an oblique support rib 8 is provided between the bottom end of the platform bracket and the bottom surface of the tooling platform to improve the stability and support strength of the connection between the platform bracket and the tooling platform.

[0040] The crankshaft assembly hole is preferably a rectangular hole, and its length direction is along the left and right direction of the tooling platform. The length of the crankshaft assembly hole is greater than the length of the crankshaft, and the width is usually greater than the width of the crankshaft and smaller than the outer edge width of the engine body. This is convenient for the crankshaft to pass through the crankshaft assembly hole when assembling the crankshaft into the engine body, and for the engine body to be fixed on the two side surfaces in the width direction of the crankshaft assembly hole.

[0041] The crankshaft sleeve rotation driving device is preferably a swing cylinder 9, and the crankshaft sleeve is coaxially connected to the output end (output shaft or output flange) of the swing cylinder. The swing angle of the swing cylinder is usually not less than 180°.

[0042] The crankshaft sleeve horizontal movement drive device preferably includes a linear cylinder 10, a connecting plate 11 and a connecting plate guide mechanism, the connecting plate guide mechanism includes a sliding rail 12 and a slider 13 that are slidably matched, the linear cylinder and the slide rail are fixedly arranged on the table of the tooling platform, the piston rod of the linear cylinder is parallel to the slide rail in the left-right direction, the piston rod of the linear cylinder is fixedly connected to the slider (through a suitable connecting piece), the connecting plate is parallel to the platform bracket and is located in the crankshaft assembly hole, and is fixedly connected to the slider through a connecting section extending outward from its top, and the swing cylinder is fixedly connected to the plate surface of the connecting plate (the plate surface facing the direction of the engine assembly station). The swing cylinder and the crankshaft sleeve connected thereto are also located in the crankshaft assembly hole. When the engine body is fixed on the engine assembly station and the crankshaft is assembled into the engine body, the crankshaft sleeve is coaxial with the main journal of the crankshaft.

[0043] The linear cylinder usually adopts a double-rod cylinder (double-piston rod single-acting cylinder), which has high rigidity and precision and good running stability.

[0044] The slide rail is preferably fixed with two limit blocks 14. The two limit blocks are usually respectively arranged on the left and right halves of the slide rail, and can also be respectively arranged on the left and right ends of the slide rail. The specific position setting depends on the length of the slide rail and the distance between the crankshaft sleeve and the crankshaft when the crankshaft sleeve is at the origin position. There is a distance between the two limit blocks, and the slider is located between the two limit blocks. The setting positions of the two limit blocks on the slide rail usually need to meet the requirements that when the slider slides to the limit block on the left side (when it abuts against the limit block on the left side), the crankshaft sleeve just docks with the crankshaft on the engine body, and when the slider slides to the limit block on the right side (when it abuts against the limit block on the right side), the connecting plate will not contact the right inner wall of the crankshaft assembly hole. Such a setting can effectively avoid mechanical collision caused by overtravel of the slider.

[0045] The limit stop block can preferably slide on the slide rail, and can be relatively fixed to the slide rail using fasteners such as locking bolts and pins according to the prior art. With such an arrangement, the stroke range of the crankshaft sleeve can be flexibly adjusted according to the left and right length of the engine to be assembled (mainly referring to the length of the crankshaft).

[0046] The number of the connecting plate guide mechanisms is preferably two, one of which is located on one side of the crankshaft assembly hole together with the linear cylinder, and the other is located on the other side of the crankshaft assembly hole, playing a supporting and guiding role. The connecting sections are provided at both ends of the top of the connecting plate, and the slider of the connecting plate guide mechanism on the same side as the linear cylinder is simultaneously connected to the piston rod of the linear cylinder and the connecting section on the corresponding side of the connecting plate, while the slider of the connecting plate guide mechanism on the other side of the linear cylinder is only connected to the connecting section on the corresponding side of the connecting plate.

[0047] The setting of the crankshaft rotation drive mechanism can drive the crankshaft installed on the engine body to rotate and fix the rotation angle. When assembling the piston connecting rod assembly into the cylinder, the corresponding connecting rod journal on the crankshaft can be rotated in the direction of the corresponding cylinder (upward), thereby ensuring the accuracy of positioning the piston connecting rod assembly and the corresponding connecting rod journal of the pushing cylinder, so that after the piston connecting rod assembly is pushed into the cylinder, the connecting rod big end can be accurately, quickly and smoothly assembled on the connecting rod journal, thereby improving assembly efficiency and accuracy.

[0048] The guide rod up and down moving driving device preferably includes a guide rod driving cylinder, which is a telescopic cylinder, whose piston rod is vertically upward, and the guide rod is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the guide rod driving cylinder. When the piston connecting rod assembly is assembled into the body of the engine, the guide rod can be extended upward from the bottom of the tooling platform and pass through the corresponding cylinder and extend from the top of the corresponding cylinder through the telescopic action of the guide rod driving cylinder, and the guide rod is inserted into the connecting rod cover mounting screw hole of the piston connecting rod assembly. In the process of pushing the piston connecting rod assembly into the corresponding cylinder, the guide rod gradually retracts downward as the depth of the piston connecting rod assembly pushed into the corresponding cylinder, plays a guiding and limiting role for the piston connecting rod assembly, avoids the piston connecting rod assembly from rotating during the process of pushing the piston connecting rod assembly into the corresponding cylinder, and further ensures the accurate positioning of the piston connecting rod assembly and the corresponding connecting rod journal, so that after the piston connecting rod assembly is pushed into the cylinder, the connecting rod big end is accurately assembled on the corresponding connecting rod journal.

[0049] The number of the guide rods is preferably two, and the spacing between the two guide rods is the same as the spacing between the two connecting rod cover mounting screw holes on the connecting rod. When assembling and guiding the piston-connecting rod assembly, the two guide rods are respectively inserted into the two connecting rod cover mounting screw holes on the connecting rod (each guide rod is inserted into the connecting rod cover mounting screw hole on the corresponding side of the connecting rod).

[0050] The guide rod horizontal movement driving device preferably includes a screw 15, a stepper motor 16 and a moving part 17, wherein the screw is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the tooling platform in the left-right direction through a bearing seat, the stepper motor is connected to one end of the screw through a coupling, the moving part is threadedly connected to the screw through a screw hole provided thereon, and the guide rod driving cylinder is fixedly connected to the moving part. The guide rod horizontal movement driving device can drive the guide rod driving cylinder (driving the guide rod thereon) to move horizontally in the left-right direction, so that the guide rod can align with the position of the piston connecting rod group to be assembled (the position of the corresponding cylinder), and adapt to the assembly of the piston connecting rod groups in different cylinders on the engine body. The guide rod horizontal movement driving device can also adopt other suitable forms of ball screw mechanisms.

[0051] The guide rod up and down moving driving device preferably adopts a multi-stage cylinder group, including several cylinders, the front-stage cylinder is connected to the piston rod of the rear-stage cylinder, the first-stage cylinder is the guide rod driving cylinder, the piston rods of the other cylinders except the first-stage cylinder are located on the side of the cylinder body facing the upper-stage cylinder, and the last-stage cylinder is fixedly connected to the moving part. For example, a three-stage cylinder group is adopted, including a first-stage cylinder 18, a second-stage cylinder 19 and a third-stage cylinder 20, wherein the first-stage cylinder is the guide rod driving cylinder, the piston rods of the second-stage cylinder and the third-stage cylinder are located on the side, the third-stage cylinder is connected to the moving part, the second-stage cylinder is connected to the piston rod of the third-stage cylinder, the first-stage cylinder is connected to the piston rod of the second-stage cylinder, and the first-stage cylinder, the second-stage cylinder and the third-stage cylinder are arranged in the left-right direction. When the piston rods of the primary cylinder and the secondary cylinder are not extended and only the piston rod of the tertiary cylinder is extended, the maximum stroke of the top end of the guide rod can preferably be extended to the 1 / 3 position from bottom to top in the cylinder of the engine; when the piston rod of the primary cylinder is not extended and the piston rods of the secondary cylinder and the tertiary cylinder are extended, the maximum stroke of the top end of the guide rod can preferably be extended to the upper half position in the cylinder of the engine; when the piston rods of the primary cylinder, the secondary cylinder and the tertiary cylinder are all extended, the guide rod can pass through the cylinder of the engine, and the maximum stroke of its top end can preferably be extended from the top of the cylinder.

[0052] The movable member is preferably provided with a movable member guiding mechanism to support and guide the movable member. The movable member guiding mechanism comprises a guide shaft 21 and a sliding member 22, wherein the guide shaft is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the tooling platform through a mounting seat and is parallel to the screw rod, the sliding member is slidably connected to the guide shaft, and the sliding member is fixedly connected to the movable member. The number of the movable member guiding mechanisms is preferably two, which are respectively located on both sides of the crankshaft assembly hole.

[0053] A plurality of photoelectric sensors 23 are arranged on the bottom surface of the tooling platform. The plurality of photoelectric sensors are arranged in a straight line along the left-right direction and are located on one side of the screw. The number of the photoelectric sensors is the same as the number of cylinders of the engine (for example, if the engine to be assembled is a four-cylinder engine, the number of the photoelectric sensors is four). The position of each photoelectric sensor corresponds to the position of each cylinder when the engine is fixed on the engine assembly station. A photoelectric scanning component 24 matching the photoelectric sensor is provided on the side of the moving part facing the photoelectric sensor. With such a configuration, when the guide rod driving cylinder (driving the guide rod thereon) is driven to move horizontally along the left-right direction by the guide rod horizontal movement driving device, the guide rod can be positioned by the matching photoelectric sensors and photoelectric scanning components, so that the guide rod can be aligned with the position of each cylinder of the engine, thereby guiding the assembly of the corresponding piston connecting rod assembly.

[0054] The photoelectric sensor can be slidably connected to the bottom surface of the tooling platform in the left-right direction and can be detached. For example, a photoelectric sensor slide rail is provided on the bottom surface of the tooling platform, and the photoelectric sensor is slidably connected to the photoelectric sensor slide rail. The photoelectric sensor can be fixed relative to the photoelectric sensor slide rail by fasteners such as locking bolts and pins according to the existing technology. With such a setting, the setting position and number of the photoelectric sensors can be flexibly adjusted according to the different cylinder numbers and positions of different engines.

[0055] The various parts of the crankshaft and piston-connecting rod assembly assembly of the engine that have a connection relationship can be connected by using appropriate connectors according to the existing technology. A matching control device can be set according to the existing technology to control related parts, devices or mechanisms, as well as joint control with other equipment (such as positioners and industrial robots).

[0056] The working process of the present invention in cooperation with the industrial robot and the positioner to assemble the crankshaft and piston connecting rod assembly of the engine is as follows (taking the assembly of a four-cylinder engine as an example):

[0057] Initial state (such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure): The table surface of the tooling platform is upward, the engine is installed on the engine assembly station of the tooling platform, and the crankshaft sleeve rotation drive device is located away from the engine side (as shown in the figure). Figure 2 As shown in the figure), the linear cylinder is in the fully extended position and the guide rod is located close to the positioner side.

[0058] Step 1: Rotate the positioner 120°-180° to make the bottom surface of the tooling platform face upward or diagonally upward (at this time, the engine body is located below or diagonally below the tooling platform) to facilitate the installation of the crankshaft.

[0059] Step 2: Grab the crankshaft with an industrial robot, pass the crankshaft assembly hole from above or diagonally above the tooling platform and assemble it to the corresponding position in the engine body, and rotate the positioner to restore the tooling platform to its initial position.

[0060] Step 3: Drive the crankshaft sleeve toward the engine body through the crankshaft sleeve horizontal movement drive device, and put the crankshaft sleeve on one end of the crankshaft main journal to connect with the crankshaft, adjust the crankshaft angle through the swing cylinder so that the connecting rod journal corresponding to the position of the engine cylinder is upward, and fix the crankshaft.

[0061] Step 4: Use the industrial robot to grab the piston connecting rod assembly to the top of the first cylinder of the engine, and use the guide rod horizontal movement drive device to move the guide rod to the bottom of the first cylinder of the engine (accurately positioned by the photoelectric sensor corresponding to the position of the first cylinder of the engine). The piston rods of the first-stage cylinder, the second-stage cylinder and the third-stage cylinder are all extended, so that the top end of the guide rod passes through the first cylinder of the engine from bottom to top and extends from the top of the first cylinder of the engine, and the guide rod is inserted into the connecting rod cover mounting screw hole of the piston connecting rod assembly. The piston rod of the first-stage cylinder is slowly retracted as the industrial robot lowers the piston connecting rod assembly into the first cylinder of the engine.

[0062] Step 5: As the industrial robot lowers the piston-connecting rod assembly to the halfway position of the first cylinder of the engine, the piston rod of the secondary cylinder slowly retracts, and the guide rod is always located in the connecting rod cover mounting screw hole.

[0063] Step 6: When the industrial robot places all the parts below the piston ring of the piston-connecting rod assembly into the first cylinder of the engine, the piston rod of the secondary cylinder retracts into place.

[0064] Step 7: The industrial robot pushes the piston-connecting rod assembly into the first cylinder of the engine. At this time, guided by the guide rod, the big end of the connecting rod of the piston-connecting rod assembly is just assembled on the corresponding connecting rod journal of the crankshaft, and the piston rods of the three-stage cylinder are all retracted.

[0065] Step 8: The positioner rotates 120°-180°, and the connecting rod cap (or connecting rod big head cap) is installed on the connecting rod through the industrial robot to fix the piston connecting rod assembly on the engine body. The positioner rotates to restore the tooling platform to its initial position.

[0066] At this point, a set of piston connecting rod assembly (piston connecting rod assembly for one cylinder of the engine) is assembled.

[0067] Step 9: Move the guide rod to the position corresponding to the fourth cylinder of the engine through the guide rod horizontal movement drive device to complete the assembly of the piston connecting rod group of the fourth cylinder of the engine (the assembly steps are the same as steps 4 to 8).

[0068] Step 10: Use the swing cylinder to drive the crankshaft sleeve and the crankshaft connected to the crankshaft sleeve to rotate 180°, so that the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft corresponding to the position of the second and third cylinders of the engine faces upward, and start assembling the piston connecting rod group in the second and third cylinders of the engine (the assembly steps are the same as steps 4 to 8). After the assembly of the piston connecting rod group in the second and third cylinders of the engine is completed, all assembly work is completed.

[0069] The present invention can be used in conjunction with an industrial robot and a positioner to realize the automated assembly of crankshafts and piston connecting rod assemblies of different engines, and the position of some positioning devices on the tooling platform only needs to be switched.

[0070] Unless otherwise specified or one preferred or optional technical means is a further limitation of another technical means, all preferred and optional technical means disclosed in the present invention can be arbitrarily combined to form several different technical solutions.

Claims

1. An assembly tool for the crankshaft and piston connecting rod assembly of an engine, characterized in that include: A tooling platform, on which an engine assembly station is provided, wherein the engine assembly station is provided with a crankshaft assembly hole that passes through the platform from top to bottom; The platform bracket is in the shape of a plate and is vertically fixed on one side of the tooling platform, the plate surface of which is perpendicular to the table surface of the tooling platform, and a positioner flange connection plate is provided on the outer side thereof; A crankshaft rotation driving mechanism is arranged at one side of the engine assembly station, and is provided with a crankshaft sleeve matched with the main journal of the crankshaft. The crankshaft sleeve is provided with a crankshaft sleeve rotation driving device for driving the crankshaft sleeve to rotate and a crankshaft sleeve horizontal movement driving device for driving the crankshaft sleeve to move horizontally and linearly. The crankshaft sleeve rotation driving device is a swing cylinder, and the crankshaft sleeve is connected to the output end of the swing cylinder. The piston-connecting rod group guiding mechanism is arranged on the bottom surface of the tooling platform and is provided with a vertical guiding rod. The guiding rod is located below the crankshaft assembly hole and has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting rod cover mounting screw hole on the connecting rod. The guiding rod is provided with a guiding rod vertical movement driving device for driving the guiding rod to move up and down and a guiding rod horizontal movement driving device for driving the guiding rod to move horizontally and linearly. The guiding rod vertical movement driving device includes a guiding rod driving cylinder. The guiding rod driving cylinder is a telescopic cylinder with a piston rod pointing vertically upward. The guiding rod is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the guiding rod driving cylinder.

2. The crankshaft and piston connecting rod assembly assembly tool for the engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The crankshaft sleeve horizontal movement drive device includes a linear cylinder, a connecting plate and a connecting plate guiding mechanism, the connecting plate guiding mechanism includes a sliding rail and a slider that slide together, the linear cylinder and the slide rail are fixedly arranged on the table top of the tooling platform, the piston rod of the linear cylinder is parallel to the slide rail in the left-right direction, the piston rod of the linear cylinder is fixedly connected to the slider, the connecting plate is parallel to the platform bracket and is located in the crankshaft assembly hole, and is fixedly connected to the slider through a connecting section extending outward from its top, and the swing cylinder is fixedly connected to the plate surface of the connecting plate.

3. The crankshaft and piston connecting rod assembly assembly tool for the engine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that Two limit blocks are fixedly arranged on the slide rail, a distance is left between the two limit blocks, and the slide block is located between the two limit blocks.

4. The crankshaft and piston connecting rod assembly assembly tool for the engine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that There are two connecting plate guide mechanisms, which are respectively located on both sides of the crankshaft assembly hole. The connecting sections are provided at both ends of the top of the connecting plate. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the sliders of the connecting plate guide mechanism on the corresponding side through the two connecting sections.

5. The crankshaft and piston connecting rod assembly assembly tool for the engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The guide rod horizontal movement drive device includes a screw, a stepper motor and a moving part. The screw is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the tooling platform along the left and right directions through a bearing seat. The stepper motor is connected to one end of the screw through a coupling. The moving part is threadedly connected to the screw through a screw hole opened thereon, and the guide rod driving cylinder is fixedly connected to the moving part.

6. The crankshaft and piston connecting rod assembly assembly tool for the engine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that A plurality of photoelectric sensors are provided on the bottom surface of the tooling platform. The plurality of photoelectric sensors are arranged in a straight line along the left-right direction and are located on one side of the screw. The number of the photoelectric sensors is the same as the number of cylinders of the engine. The position of each photoelectric sensor corresponds one-to-one to the position of each cylinder when the engine is fixed on the engine assembly station. A photoelectric scanning component that cooperates with the photoelectric sensor is provided on the side of the movable part facing the photoelectric sensor.

7. The crankshaft and piston connecting rod assembly assembly tool for the engine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that The movable part is provided with a movable part guiding mechanism, which includes a guiding shaft and a sliding part. The guiding shaft is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the tooling platform through a mounting seat and is parallel to the screw rod. The sliding part is slidably connected to the guiding shaft, and the sliding part is fixedly connected to the movable part.

8. The engine crankshaft and piston connecting rod assembly assembly tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The number of the guide rods is two, and the distance between the two guide rods is the same as the distance between the two connecting rod cover mounting screw holes on the connecting rod.

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