Support device and tunnel support method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a support device and a tunnel support method thereof. The support device includes a support scaffold and an installation assembly. The support scaffold includes a top rod and two side rods. The top rod is suitable for abutting against the top wall of the tunnel, and the side rods are suitable for abutting against the side walls of the tunnel. The two side rods are rotatably connected to the ends of the top rod, respectively, and the side rods are movable along the length of the top rod. The installation assembly is detachably connected to the support scaffold. The installation assembly is used to abut the top rod against the top wall of the tunnel and the side rods against the side and bottom walls of the tunnel. In the support device of the embodiment of the present invention, the top rod and the two side rods can move relative to each other, thereby adapting to tunnels of different heights and widths, thereby improving the adaptability of the support scaffold. In addition, the installation assembly is detachably connected to the support scaffold. The support scaffold is unfolded by the installation assembly to complete temporary support of the tunnel. The support structure is simple and reliable. At the same time, the support process is automatically performed by the installation assembly, reducing labor costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to a support device and a tunnel support method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, temporary support is required during coal mine tunneling to ensure construction safety. The complex and changing underground environment, with high humidity and dust concentration, makes it unsuitable for long periods of time. During tunneling construction, tunnel support is the primary obstacle to achieving automation and unmanned operation. Currently, industrial robots struggle to automatically install support scaffolding, requiring manual assistance, significantly slowing production efficiency.

[0003] In addition, the temporary support scaffolding is large in size and weight, and the support has high requirements for installation accuracy, making it difficult for the installation machinery to achieve precise operation. At the same time, the complex terrain and extremely poor visibility environment in the mine further pose challenges to the implementation of automatic installation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a support device, which realizes automatic support of a temporary scaffolding and has the characteristics of a simple and reliable mechanical structure, thereby improving excavation speed and efficiency and reducing labor costs.

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention also proposes a self-adaptive tunnel support method.

[0007] The support device of an embodiment of the present invention includes a support frame and an installation assembly, wherein the support frame includes a top rod and two side rods, the top rod is suitable for abutting against the top wall of the tunnel, and the side rods are suitable for abutting against the side walls of the tunnel, the two side rods are rotatably connected to the two ends of the top rod respectively, and the side rods are movable along the length direction of the top rod, and the installation assembly is detachably connected to the support frame, and the installation assembly is used to abut the top rod against the top wall of the tunnel and to abut the side rods against the side walls and bottom walls of the tunnel.

[0008] In the support device of the embodiment of the present invention, the top rod and the two side rods can move relative to each other, thereby adapting to tunnels of different heights and widths, improving the adaptability of the support scaffolding. Furthermore, the mounting assembly is detachably connected to the support scaffolding. The mounting assembly is used to unfold the support scaffolding, allowing the top rod to abut against the top wall of the tunnel, and the side rods to abut against the bottom and side walls of the tunnel, thereby completing temporary support for the tunnel. The support structure is simple and reliable, and the support process is automatically performed by the mounting assembly, requiring no human intervention, reducing labor costs and indirectly reducing miners' working time underground.

[0009] Therefore, the support device of the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem of automatic installation of temporary support scaffolding in underground tunnels.

[0010] In some embodiments, the side rod includes a supporting portion and a telescopic portion, the supporting portion is slidably connected to the telescopic portion, and the telescopic portion is rotatably connected to the top rod.

[0011] In some embodiments, the supporting scaffolding further includes two connecting rods and two bases, the two connecting rods corresponding one-to-one to the two telescopic parts, one end of the connecting rod being rotatably connected to the top rod, the other end of the connecting rod being rotatably connected to the first end of the telescopic part, the two bases corresponding one-to-one to the two supporting parts, and the base being connected to the first end of the supporting part.

[0012] In some embodiments, the mounting assembly includes a top rod mounting member and a side rod mounting member, the top rod mounting member is detachably connected to the top rod and movable in a vertical direction, the side rod mounting member is detachably connected to the side rod, a portion of the side rod mounting member is movable along the length direction of the top rod, and another portion of the side rod mounting member is movable in the vertical direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the push rod mounting assembly includes a push rod manipulator and a push rod cylinder, the push rod manipulator can clamp and release the push rod, the push rod manipulator is connected to the push rod cylinder, and the push rod cylinder can drive the push rod manipulator to move in the vertical direction; the side rod mounting assembly includes a support part manipulator, a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the support part manipulator can clamp and release the support part, the support part manipulator is connected to the first cylinder, the first cylinder can drive the support part manipulator to move in the vertical direction, the first cylinder is connected to the second cylinder, and the second cylinder can drive the first cylinder to move along the length direction of the push rod; the side rod mounting assembly also includes a telescopic part manipulator and a telescopic part cylinder, the telescopic part manipulator can clamp and release the telescopic part, the telescopic part manipulator is connected to the telescopic part cylinder, and the telescopic part cylinder can drive the telescopic part manipulator to move along the length direction of the push rod.

[0014] In some embodiments, the push rod manipulator, the support part manipulator and the telescopic part manipulator are all two-finger manipulators.

[0015] In some embodiments, a control component is further included, wherein the control component is connected to the installation component and is used to control the installation sequence of the installation component.

[0016] In some embodiments, an overflow valve is also included, which is connected to the mounting assembly and the control assembly. The overflow valve is used to adjust the contact pressure between the top rod and the top wall of the tunnel and the contact pressure between the side rod and the side wall and bottom wall of the tunnel.

[0017] The tunnel support method of an embodiment of the present invention includes: providing a support device described in any one of the above embodiments, transporting the support device into the tunnel, the installation component of the support device driving the top rod to abut against the top wall of the tunnel until the contact pressure between the top rod and the top wall reaches a preset value, and the installation component of the support device driving the side rod to abut against the side wall and bottom wall of the tunnel until the contact pressure between the side rod and the side wall and bottom wall reaches a preset value.

[0018] The tunnel support method of the present invention utilizes an installation assembly to prevent top and side bars from contacting the tunnel wall, thereby achieving temporary support for the tunnel. Furthermore, during installation of the support scaffolding, the installation assembly determines whether installation is complete based on the contact pressure between the top and side bars and the tunnel wall, ensuring reliable installation.

[0019] In some embodiments, the push rod manipulator of the mounting assembly clamps the push rod, and the push rod cylinder of the mounting assembly drives the push rod to resist the top wall of the tunnel in the vertical direction. After the contact pressure between the push rod and the top wall reaches the preset value of the overflow valve of the support device, the control assembly of the support device controls the push rod cylinder to stop running, the support part manipulator of the mounting assembly clamps the support part, and the second cylinder of the mounting assembly drives the support part to resist the side wall of the tunnel along the length direction of the push rod. After the contact pressure between the support part and the side wall reaches the preset value, the control assembly controls the second cylinder to stop running, the telescopic part manipulator of the mounting assembly clamps the telescopic part, and the first cylinder of the mounting assembly drives the support part to resist the bottom wall of the tunnel in the vertical direction. After the contact pressure between the support part and the bottom wall reaches the preset value, the control assembly controls the first cylinder to stop running. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a support device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the expanded state of the supporting scaffolding according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the tunnel support method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals:

[0024] Support scaffolding 1, top rod 101, side rod 102, support part 1021, telescopic part 1022, connecting rod 103, base 104,

[0025] Installation assembly 2, push rod mounting part 201, push rod manipulator 2011, push rod cylinder 2012, side rod mounting part 202, support part manipulator 2021, first cylinder 2022, second cylinder 2023, telescopic part manipulator 2024, telescopic part cylinder 2025. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0027] The supporting device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the supporting device of the embodiment of the present invention includes a supporting frame 1 and an installation assembly 2.

[0029] The supporting scaffold 1 includes a top rod 101 and two side rods 102. The top rod 101 is suitable for abutting against the top wall of the tunnel, and the side rods 102 are suitable for abutting against the side walls of the tunnel. The two side rods 102 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the top rod 101 respectively, and the side rods 102 are movable along the length direction of the top rod 101.

[0030] The mounting assembly 2 is detachably connected to the supporting scaffold 1 , and is used to abut the top rod 101 against the top wall of the tunnel and to abut the side rods 102 against the side walls and bottom walls of the tunnel.

[0031] It should be understood that during the construction of coal mine tunnels, each time a part of the tunnel is excavated, temporary support is required for the excavated part to ensure the safety of the construction. The support scaffolding 1 in the embodiment of the present invention serves as a temporary support structure for the side wall of the tunnel, and the mounting assembly 2 is used to install the temporary support structure on the side wall of the tunnel. The top rod 101 is used to support the top wall of the tunnel, and the side rod 102 is used to support the side wall of the tunnel. In addition, the side rod 102 is also used to support the entire support scaffolding 1, and the part of the side rod 102 that contacts the bottom wall of the tunnel is the support portion 1021.

[0032] The mounting assembly 2 is detachably connected to the support scaffold 1, so that the mounting assembly 2 can be connected to the support scaffold 1 to install the support scaffold 1 on the side wall of the tunnel. After the support scaffold 1 is installed, the mounting assembly 2 is detached from the support scaffold 1, so that the next support scaffold 1 can be installed.

[0033] Furthermore, the two side rods 102 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the top rod 101 respectively, and the side rods 102 are movable along the length direction of the top rod 101, so that the support scaffolding 1 can adapt to lanes of different heights and widths, thereby improving the adaptability of the support scaffolding 1.

[0034] Alternatively, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the top rod 101 is arranged in the left-right direction, and the side rods 102 are arranged in the up-down direction. The two side rods 102 are rotatably connected to the left and right ends of the top rod 101 respectively, and the side rods 102 are movable in the left-right direction. The mounting assembly 2 is located between the top rod 101 and the two side rods 102.

[0035] Therefore, the installation component 2 is connected to the top rod 101, and the installation component 2 drives the top rod 101 to move upward, so that the top rod 101 is in contact with the top wall of the tunnel. The installation component 2 is connected to the two side rods 102, and the installation component 2 drives the side rod 102 located on the left side of the top rod 101 to move leftward and drives the side rod 102 located on the right side of the top rod 101 to move rightward, so that the two side rods 102 are in contact with the left and right side walls of the tunnel. By using the installation component 2 to automatically install the support scaffolding 1, temporary support for the surrounding walls of the tunnel is achieved, avoiding human intervention in the installation process, reducing labor costs, and indirectly reducing the working time of miners underground and protecting the health of miners.

[0036] Furthermore, after each set of support scaffolding 1 is installed, the installation assembly 2 is disconnected from the already installed support scaffolding 1 and returned to its original position to allow for the installation of the next set of support scaffolding 1. The installation assembly 2 advances synchronously with the tunnel excavation process and can be mounted on a bolter miner. Alternatively, a mounting vehicle can be designed that moves synchronously with the bolter miner and onto which the installation assembly 2 is mounted. Furthermore, storing multiple support scaffolding scaffolds 1 on the vehicle facilitates simultaneous excavation and support operations, thereby increasing excavation speed and efficiency.

[0037] In the support device of the embodiment of the present invention, relative movement can be generated between the top rod 101 and the two side rods 102, thereby adapting to tunnels of different heights and widths, thereby improving the adaptability of the support scaffolding 1. In addition, the mounting assembly 2 is detachably connected to the support scaffolding 1. The support scaffolding 1 is unfolded by the mounting assembly 2, so that the top rod 101 is against the top wall of the tunnel, and the two side rods 102 are against the bottom wall and side walls of the tunnel, thereby completing the temporary support of the tunnel. The support structure is simple and reliable. At the same time, the support process is automatically performed by the mounting assembly 2, without the need for human intervention, reducing labor costs and indirectly reducing the working time of miners underground.

[0038] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the side rod 102 includes a supporting portion 1021 and a telescopic portion 1022 . The supporting portion 1021 is slidably connected to the telescopic portion 1022 , and the telescopic portion 1022 is rotatably connected to the top rod 101 .

[0039] It should be understood that the support portion 1021 abuts against the bottom wall of the tunnel to support the support scaffold 1. The support portion 1021 and the telescopic portion 1022 can slide relative to each other, so that when the top rod 101 abuts against the top wall of the tunnel, the support portion 1021 can also be supported on the bottom wall of the tunnel.

[0040] Alternatively, as Figure 2 As shown, the support portion 1021 is arranged in the vertical direction, and the telescopic portion 1022 is arranged in the vertical direction. The support portion 1021 is located below the telescopic portion 1022, and the upper end of the telescopic portion 1022 is rotatably connected to the top rod 101. The telescopic portion 1022 is sleeved on the support portion 1021, and the telescopic portion 1022 and the support portion 1021 together form a telescopic rod structure. The lower end of the support portion 1021 is suitable for abutting against the bottom wall of the tunnel, the end surface of the support portion 1021 away from the top rod 101 is suitable for abutting against the side wall of the tunnel, and the end surface of the telescopic portion 1022 away from the top rod 101 is suitable for abutting against the side wall of the tunnel.

[0041] Furthermore, when the telescopic part 1022 and the support part 1021 slide relative to each other, in order to prevent the telescopic part 1022 from sliding downward due to its own weight, a locking mechanism is provided between the telescopic part 1022 and the support part 1021. The locking mechanism is used to lock the telescopic part 1022 and the support part 1021 after they slide, so that the telescopic part 1022 will not slide downward due to its own weight.

[0042] Optionally, the locking mechanism includes a ratchet wheel and ratchet teeth, with the ratchet teeth being disposed vertically on the support portion 1021 and the ratchet wheel being disposed on the telescopic portion 1022. Constrained by the ratchet wheel and ratchet teeth, the telescopic portion 1022 can only slide away from the support portion 1021. In other words, constrained by the ratchet wheel and ratchet teeth, the telescopic portion 1022 can only slide upward relative to the support portion 1021.

[0043] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the support scaffold 1 further includes two connecting rods 103 and two bases 104. The two connecting rods 103 correspond one-to-one with the two telescopic portions 1022. One end of the connecting rod 103 is rotatably connected to the top rod 101, and the other end of the connecting rod 103 is rotatably connected to the first end of the telescopic portion 1022. The two bases 104 correspond one-to-one with the two supporting portions 1021 and are connected to the first ends of the supporting portions 1021.

[0044] It is important to understand that if Figure 1As shown, the support scaffold 1 is in the initial state, the connecting rod 103 is arranged in the up and down direction, and there is no relative sliding between the telescopic part 1022 and the supporting part 1021. Figure 2 As shown, the supporting scaffold is in the unfolded state, the connecting rod 103 is tilted, and relative sliding occurs between the telescopic portion 1022 and the supporting portion 1021 .

[0045] Alternatively, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the upper end of the connecting rod 103 is rotatably connected to the end of the top rod 101, and the lower end of the connecting rod 103 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the telescopic portion 1022. The base 104 is connected to the lower end of the support portion 1021, and the lower end of the support portion 1021 is located in the middle of the base 104. The base 104 is square in shape and abuts against the bottom wall of the tunnel, thereby increasing the contact area between the support portion 1021 and the bottom wall of the tunnel.

[0046] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 As shown, the mounting assembly 2 includes a top bar mounting member 201 and a side bar mounting member 202. The top bar mounting member 201 is detachably connected to the top bar 101 and is movable in the vertical direction. The side bar mounting member 202 is detachably connected to the side bar 102, and a portion of the side bar mounting member 202 is movable along the length of the top bar 101, while another portion of the side bar mounting member 202 is movable in the vertical direction.

[0047] It should be understood that the mounting assembly 2 includes a top rod mounting member 201 and a side rod mounting member 202. The top rod mounting member 201 is used to drive the top rod 101 to abut against the top wall of the tunnel, and the side rod mounting member 202 is used to drive the side rod 102 to abut against the side and bottom walls of the tunnel.

[0048] Alternatively, as Figure 1 As shown, there are two top rod mounting members 201, which are spaced apart in the left-right direction and are located below the top rod 101. There are two side rod mounting members 202, which correspond one to one with the two side rods 102 and are located on the side of the side rod 102 close to the top rod 101.

[0049] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 As shown, the push rod mounting member 201 includes a push rod manipulator 2011 and a push rod cylinder 2012. The push rod manipulator 2011 can clamp and release the push rod 101. The push rod manipulator 2011 is connected to the push rod cylinder 2012, and the push rod cylinder 2012 can drive the push rod manipulator 2011 to move in the vertical direction.

[0050] Among them, the push rod manipulator 2011 is connected to the slider on the push rod cylinder 2012, and the slider on the push rod cylinder 2012 moves in the vertical direction, thereby driving the push rod manipulator 2011 to move in the vertical direction.

[0051] Therefore, the push rod manipulator 2011 clamps the push rod 101, the push rod cylinder 2012 operates, and the slider on the push rod cylinder 2012 drives the push rod manipulator 2011 to move in the vertical direction. The push rod manipulator 2011 grabs the push rod 101 and moves in the vertical direction until it contacts the top wall of the tunnel.

[0052] The side rod mounting member 202 includes a support part manipulator 2021, a first cylinder 2022 and a second cylinder 2023. The support part manipulator 2021 can clamp and release the support part 1021. The support part manipulator 2021 is connected to the first cylinder 2022. The first cylinder 2022 can drive the support part manipulator 2021 to move in the vertical direction. The first cylinder 2022 is connected to the second cylinder 2023. The second cylinder 2023 can drive the first cylinder 2022 to move along the length direction of the top rod 101.

[0053] The support manipulator 2021 is connected to the slider on the first cylinder 2022. The slider on the first cylinder 2022 moves in the vertical direction, thereby driving the support manipulator 2021 to move in the vertical direction. The first cylinder 2022 is connected to the slider on the second cylinder 2023. The slider on the second cylinder 2023 moves along the length of the push rod 101, thereby driving the second cylinder 2023 to move along the length of the push rod 101, and further driving the support manipulator 2021 to move along the length of the push rod 101.

[0054] Therefore, the support manipulator 2021 clamps the support portion 1021, and the second cylinder 2023 operates. The slider on the second cylinder 2023 drives the first cylinder 2022 to move along the length of the push rod 101, thereby driving the support manipulator 2021 to move along the length of the push rod 101. The support manipulator 2021 grasps the support portion 1021 and moves along the length of the push rod 101 until the support portion 1021 abuts the side wall of the tunnel. The first cylinder 2022 operates, and the slider on the first cylinder 2022 drives the support manipulator 2021 to move in the vertical direction. The support manipulator 2021 grasps the support portion 1021 and moves in the vertical direction until the base 104 at the lower end of the support portion 1021 abuts the bottom wall of the tunnel.

[0055] The side rod mounting member 202 also includes a telescopic part manipulator 2024 and a telescopic part cylinder 2025. The telescopic part manipulator 2024 can clamp and release the telescopic part 1022. The telescopic part manipulator 2024 is connected to the telescopic part cylinder 2025. The telescopic part cylinder 2025 can drive the telescopic part manipulator 2024 to move along the length direction of the top rod 101.

[0056] Among them, the telescopic part manipulator 2024 is connected to the slider on the telescopic part cylinder 2025, and the slider on the telescopic part cylinder 2025 moves along the length direction of the push rod 101, thereby driving the telescopic part manipulator 2024 to move along the length direction of the push rod 101.

[0057] Therefore, the telescopic part manipulator 2024 clamps the telescopic part 1022, the telescopic part cylinder 2025 operates, and the slider on the telescopic part cylinder 2025 drives the telescopic part manipulator 2024 to move along the length direction of the top rod 101. The telescopic part manipulator 2024 grasps the telescopic part 1022 and moves along the length direction of the top rod 101 until it hits the side wall of the tunnel.

[0058] Alternatively, as Figure 1 As shown, the push rod manipulator 2011 is located below the push rod 101, and the push rod cylinder 2012 is arranged in the vertical direction. The support part manipulator 2021 and the telescopic part manipulator 2024 are located on the side of the side rod 102 close to the push rod 101. The second cylinder 2023 and the telescopic part cylinder 2025 are arranged in the left-right direction, and the first cylinder 2022 is arranged in the vertical direction.

[0059] The manipulator 2011 pushes the manipulator 101 upward. The telescopic manipulator 2024 near the left end of the manipulator 101 pushes the telescopic section 1022 to the left, and the telescopic manipulator 2024 near the right end of the manipulator 101 pushes the telescopic section 1022 to the right. The support manipulator 2021 near the left end of the manipulator 101 pushes the support section 1021 to the left, and the support manipulator 2021 near the right end of the manipulator 101 pushes the support section 1021 to the right.

[0060] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 As shown, the top rod manipulator 2011, the supporting part manipulator 2021 and the telescopic part manipulator 2024 are all two-finger manipulators.

[0061] It's important to understand that a two-finger manipulator consists of two mechanical fingers that move closer together to clamp an object, and move farther apart to release it. Furthermore, the two-finger manipulator structure doesn't require high control precision to grasp the scaffolding, and can adaptively adjust the gripping position.

[0062] Alternatively, as Figure 1 As shown, the two mechanical fingers of the top rod manipulator 2011, the supporting part manipulator 2021 and the telescopic part manipulator 2024 are all located at the front and rear sides of the supporting scaffolding 1.

[0063] In some embodiments, a control component (not shown in the figure) is further included. The control component is connected to the installation component 2 and is used to control the installation sequence of the installation component 2.

[0064] It should be understood that the control assembly is used to control the installation sequence of the installation assembly 2. The control assembly controls the clamping and loosening of the push rod manipulator 2011, the support manipulator 2021, and the telescopic manipulator 2024. The control assembly also controls the operation of the push rod cylinder 2012, the first cylinder 2022, the second cylinder 2023, and the telescopic cylinder 2025.

[0065] The control assembly can simultaneously control the clamping and loosening of the ejector manipulator 2011, the support manipulator 2021, and the telescopic manipulator 2024, and can also control the clamping and loosening of any of the manipulators individually. The control assembly can simultaneously control the synchronous operation of the ejector cylinder 2012, the first cylinder 2022, the second cylinder 2023, and the telescopic cylinder 2025, and can also control the operation of any of the cylinders individually.

[0066] In some embodiments, an overflow valve (not shown in the figure) is also included. The overflow valve is connected to the mounting assembly 2 and the control assembly. The overflow valve is used to adjust the contact pressure between the top rod 101 and the top wall of the tunnel and the contact pressure between the side rod 102 and the side wall and bottom wall of the tunnel.

[0067] It should be understood that the overflow valve sets a preset value for the contact pressure. After the contact pressure between the installation component 2 driving the support scaffolding 1 and the surrounding wall of the tunnel reaches the preset value, the control component controls the installation component 2 to stop running, thereby ensuring that the support scaffolding 1 has sufficient supporting force on the tunnel.

[0068] Optionally, there are multiple overflow valves, which correspond one-to-one to the push rod cylinder 2012, the first cylinder 2022, the second cylinder 2023, and the telescopic part cylinder 2025, respectively, and the overflow valves are arranged on the ventilation pipes of the cylinders.

[0069] The tunnel supporting method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0070] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the tunnel support method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0071] A support device according to any one of the above embodiments is provided, and the support device is transported into the tunnel.

[0072] The mounting assembly 2 of the support device drives the top rod 101 to contact the top wall of the tunnel until the contact pressure between the top rod 101 and the top wall reaches a preset value.

[0073] The mounting assembly 2 of the support device drives the side rods 102 to contact the side walls and bottom walls of the tunnel until the contact pressure between the side rods 102 and the side walls and bottom walls reaches a preset value.

[0074] It should be understood that the installation assembly 2 is installed on an installation vehicle for the support scaffolding 1 , a plurality of support scaffoldings 1 are stored on the installation vehicle, and the installation vehicle transports the support device into the tunnel.

[0075] Optionally, the mounting assembly 2 can synchronously drive the top rod 101 and the side rod 102 to move, so that the support scaffolding 1 supports the tunnel, and can also drive the top rod 101 or the side rod 102 to move individually.

[0076] For example, the mounting assembly 2 first drives the top rod 101 to abut against the top wall of the tunnel, and then the mounting assembly 2 drives the side rods 102 to abut against the side and bottom walls of the tunnel. Alternatively, the mounting assembly 2 first drives the side rods 102 to abut against the side and bottom walls of the tunnel, and then the mounting assembly 2 drives the top rod 101 to abut against the top wall of the tunnel.

[0077] The tunnel support method of the embodiment of the present invention achieves temporary support for the tunnel by using the installation assembly 2 to prevent the top rod 101 and the side rods 102 from contacting the tunnel wall. Furthermore, during the installation of the support scaffold 1, the installation assembly 2 determines whether the installation is complete based on the contact pressure between the top rod 101 and the side rods 102 and the tunnel wall, thereby ensuring reliable installation.

[0078] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the push rod manipulator 2011 of the installation component 2 clamps the push rod 101, and the push rod cylinder 2012 of the installation component 2 drives the push rod 101 in the vertical direction to abut against the top wall of the tunnel.

[0079] After the contact pressure between the push rod 101 and the top wall reaches the preset value of the overflow valve of the support device, the control component of the support device controls the push rod cylinder 2012 to stop running.

[0080] The support part manipulator 2021 of the installation assembly 2 clamps the support part 1021 , and the second cylinder 2023 of the installation assembly 2 drives the support part 1021 along the length direction of the push rod 101 to abut against the side wall of the tunnel.

[0081] After the contact pressure between the supporting portion 1021 and the side wall reaches a preset value, the control component controls the second cylinder 2023 to stop running.

[0082] The telescopic part manipulator 2024 of the installation component 2 clamps the telescopic part 1022, and the first cylinder 2022 of the installation component 2 drives the supporting part 1021 in the vertical direction to abut against the bottom wall of the tunnel.

[0083] After the contact pressure between the supporting portion 1021 and the bottom wall reaches a preset value, the control component controls the first cylinder 2022 to stop running.

[0084] It should be understood that when the top rod 101 abuts against the top wall of the tunnel, the side rods 102 move synchronously with the top rod 101. When the support portion 1021 abuts against the side wall of the tunnel, relative sliding occurs between the support portion 1021 and the telescopic portion 1022.

[0085] Specifically, the top rod 101 of the support scaffold 1 is placed in the top rod manipulator 2011. The control component controls the top rod manipulator 2011 to clamp the top rod 101. Then, the control component controls the top rod cylinder 2012 to operate, causing the top rod 101 to move upward and contact the top wall of the tunnel. When the contact pressure between the top rod 101 and the top wall of the tunnel reaches the preset value of the relief valve, the control component controls the top rod cylinder 2012 to stop operating.

[0086] Once the mandrel 101 is installed, the control assembly controls the support manipulator 2021 to clamp the support 1021. The control assembly then operates the second cylinder 2023 and the telescopic cylinder 2025, causing the support 1021 and telescopic 1022 to contact the sidewall of the tunnel. During this process, the connecting rod 103 transitions from a vertical position to an inclined position, and the telescopic 1022 slides upward relative to the support 1021. When the contact pressure between the support 1021 and telescopic 1022 and the sidewall of the tunnel reaches the preset value of the relief valve, the control assembly controls the second cylinder 2023 and the telescopic cylinder 2025 to stop operating.

[0087] The control assembly instructs the telescopic manipulator 2024 to clamp the telescopic portion 1022. The control assembly also controls the operation of the first cylinder 2022, causing the support portion 1021 to move downward relative to the telescopic portion 1022 until it contacts the tunnel's bottom wall. When the contact pressure between the base 104 and the tunnel's bottom wall reaches the preset pressure relief valve value, the control assembly controls the first cylinder 2022 to stop. Finally, the control assembly controls the manipulator 2011, the support manipulator 2021, and the telescopic manipulator 2024 to release the support scaffold 1. The control assembly then controls the individual cylinders to reset, completing the installation of one support scaffold 1.

[0088] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0089] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0090] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0091] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0092] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0093] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A support device, characterized in that: include: A support scaffolding, the support scaffolding comprising a top bar and two side bars, the top bar being adapted to abut against the top wall of the tunnel, the side bars being adapted to abut against the side walls of the tunnel, the two side bars being rotatably connected to both ends of the top bar, and the side bars being movable along the length direction of the top bar; a mounting assembly detachably connected to the support scaffold, the mounting assembly being used to abut the top bar against the top wall of the tunnel and the side bars against the side and bottom walls of the tunnel; The side rod includes a supporting portion and a telescopic portion, wherein the supporting portion is slidably connected to the telescopic portion, and the telescopic portion is rotatably connected to the top rod; A locking mechanism is provided between the telescopic portion and the support portion, and the locking mechanism is used to lock the telescopic portion and the support portion after they slide, so that the telescopic portion does not slide downward due to its own weight; The installation components include: a mandrel mounting member, the mandrel mounting member being detachably connected to the mandrel; a sidebar mounting member, the sidebar mounting member being detachably connected to the sidebar; The push rod mounting member includes a push rod manipulator and a push rod cylinder. The push rod manipulator can clamp and release the push rod. The push rod manipulator is connected to the push rod cylinder. The push rod cylinder can drive the push rod manipulator to move in the vertical direction. The side rod mounting member includes a support part manipulator, a first cylinder, and a second cylinder. The support part manipulator can clamp and release the support part. The support part manipulator is connected to the first cylinder. The first cylinder can drive the support part manipulator to move in the vertical direction. The first cylinder is connected to the second cylinder. The second cylinder can drive the first cylinder to move along the length direction of the push rod. The side rod mounting member further includes a telescopic part manipulator and a telescopic part cylinder, wherein the telescopic part manipulator can clamp and release the telescopic part, and the telescopic part manipulator is connected to the telescopic part cylinder, and the telescopic part cylinder can drive the telescopic part manipulator to move along the length direction of the push rod; Also included is a control component, the control component is connected to the installation component, and the control component is used to control the installation sequence of the installation component; It also includes an overflow valve, which is connected to the mounting assembly and the control assembly. The overflow valve is used to adjust the contact pressure between the top rod and the top wall of the tunnel and the contact pressure between the side rod and the side wall and bottom wall of the tunnel.

2. The support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support scaffolding further comprises: Two connecting rods, the two connecting rods corresponding to the two telescopic parts one by one, one end of the connecting rod being rotatably connected to the top rod, and the other end of the connecting rod being rotatably connected to the first end of the telescopic part; Two bases, the two bases correspond to the two support parts one by one, and the bases are connected to the first ends of the support parts. 3 . The supporting device according to claim 1 , wherein the locking mechanism comprises a ratchet and ratchet teeth, the ratchet teeth are arranged on the supporting portion along the up-down direction, and the ratchet is arranged on the telescopic portion.

4. The support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod manipulator, the supporting part manipulator and the telescopic part manipulator are all two-finger manipulators.

5. A tunnel support method, characterized in that: include: Providing a support device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and transporting the support device into the tunnel; The mounting assembly of the support device drives the top rod to abut against the top wall of the tunnel until the contact pressure between the top rod and the top wall reaches a preset value; The mounting assembly of the support device drives the side rods to contact the side walls and bottom wall of the tunnel until the contact pressure between the side rods and the side walls and bottom wall reaches a preset value.

6. The tunnel support method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The manipulator of the mounting assembly clamps the manipulator, and the manipulator cylinder of the mounting assembly drives the manipulator in a vertical direction to abut against the top wall of the tunnel; After the contact pressure between the push rod and the top wall reaches a preset value of the relief valve of the support device, the control component of the support device controls the push rod cylinder to stop running; The support part manipulator of the mounting assembly clamps the support part, and the second cylinder of the mounting assembly drives the support part to abut against the side wall of the tunnel along the length direction of the push rod; After the contact pressure between the support portion and the side wall reaches the preset value, the control component controls the second cylinder to stop operating; The telescopic portion manipulator of the mounting assembly clamps the telescopic portion, and the first cylinder of the mounting assembly drives the support portion in a vertical direction to abut against the bottom wall of the tunnel; After the contact pressure between the support portion and the bottom wall reaches the preset value, the control component controls the first cylinder to stop operating.

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