A composite ecological geomembrane

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of geomembrane technology, specifically a composite ecological geomembrane. Its main technical solution comprises a base layer capable of being attached to a slope foundation, an upper support layer, and a support structure disposed between the base layer and dividing the layers into a plurality of water-conducting cavities. A drainage pipe structure is disposed on the base layer, with a water inlet at the bottom and an outlet extending into the water-conducting cavities. This composite ecological geomembrane structure effectively drains groundwater from the slope foundation, maintaining a balance between groundwater and surface water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of geomembrane technology, and specifically relates to a composite ecological geomembrane that can divert seepage water from an excavated slope foundation, effectively intercept external water sources from seeping into the slope foundation, and maintain a balance between groundwater and surface water. Background Art

[0002] During the construction process, especially in water-rich slopes or highly permeable sections, the seepage water in the slope will continue to accumulate and gradually form pressurized water. The formation of pressurized water poses a huge threat to engineering buildings.

[0003] Common slope protection structures include rigid protection measures such as concrete and mortar masonry, which are primarily based on compression, as well as flexible slope protection measures such as geocells and three-dimensional geonets, which are primarily based on ecology. Among these previous measures, rigid protection measures can effectively resist damage to the slope caused by external water, but are extremely vulnerable to damage caused by the support of water pressure under the structural layer. Common flexible slope protection measures, while ensuring the seepage of water pressure at the slope base, are unable to resist the infiltration of external water such as the impact of slope water flow and rain erosion, causing the slope base soil to become saturated with water. Under the dual effects of saturated water and external water, the internal friction and shear resistance of the slope base soil structure decrease, causing the slope to slide downward, resulting in structural instability and often large-scale collapse and damage.

[0004] The invention patent application with Chinese patent application number 202011288085.X and application publication number CN112323727A discloses a new type of geomembrane, the structure of which includes an impermeable substrate, and support components are arranged at intervals or continuously on the inner side of the impermeable substrate to form a support structure, and a geotextile layer with water permeability is arranged on the outside of the support layer structure. A permeable channel is formed between the impermeable substrate of the new geomembrane, the support structure and the geotextile layer arranged outside it, so that water seeping from the side wall of the irrigation canal enters the permeable channel through the geotextile tightly attached to the side of the slope, flows into the water accumulation channel arranged at the bottom of the ditch and is discharged. However, for slopes with a high water content, the water in the slope penetrates through the geotextile attached to the side of the slope, and it is difficult to eliminate the destructive pressure of underground saturated water on the slope or the side wall of the irrigation canal and ensure the structural stability of the slope. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite ecological geomembrane that can effectively drain groundwater inside the slope foundation and maintain a balance between groundwater and surface water.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the first technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A composite ecological geomembrane is characterized by comprising a base material layer that can be attached to a slope base, an upper support layer, and a support mechanism arranged between the two and dividing the layer into a plurality of water-conducting cavities; a drainage pipe structure having a water inlet at the bottom and a water outlet extending into the water-conducting cavities is arranged on the base material layer.

[0008] Additional technical features of the above-mentioned composite ecological geomembrane include:

[0009] - The substrate layer is composed of a sheet film made of rubber and plastic materials;

[0010] The substrate layer is composed of the sheet membrane and a water-permeable geotextile layer attached to the outer side thereof;

[0011] - The two end sides of the plate membrane are adhesively connected structures;

[0012] The upper support layer is composed of a sheet membrane made of rubber and plastic material, or a geotextile layer with water permeability;

[0013] ——The drainage pipe structure is a column pipe structure;

[0014] The drainage pipe structure is an elbow structure with the outlet facing the side or bottom;

[0015] The drainage pipe structure is a tapered pipe structure with a water inlet larger than the water outlet;

[0016] ——The water outlet of the drainage pipe structure is a soft shrinkage structure that can only discharge water but not take water in.

[0017] To achieve the above object, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0018] A composite ecological geomembrane is characterized by being composed of a base material layer that can be attached to a slope base, an upper support layer, and a drainage pipe structure provided on the base material layer with a water inlet at the bottom that can lift the upper support layer to form a water guide cavity, and the water outlet of the drainage pipe structure is an elbow structure facing the side or bottom.

[0019] In the structure of the composite ecological geomembrane, the base material layer is composed of a plate membrane or a geotextile layer with water permeability attached to the outer side thereof.

[0020] The composite ecological geomembrane provided by the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: first, since a drainage pipe structure with a water inlet at the bottom and a water outlet extending into the interior is provided on the base material layer constituting the water guide cavity, the saturated water inside the slope base can be effectively discharged into the water guide cavity forming the ecological geomembrane and then discharged therefrom, effectively eliminating the destructive pressure of underground saturated water on the slope or the side wall of the irrigation canal and ensuring the structural stability of the slope; second, since the upper support layer constituting the ecological geomembrane is composed of a plate membrane made of rubber and plastic material, it can form a resistance to water leakage. It can prevent external water from scouring the slope foundation and intercepting the infiltration of external water. It can be applied to the bottom of ditches, landfills and other projects, and can effectively prevent the infiltration of surface water, ensuring that the underground soil or water source is not polluted; of course, when the upper support layer of the ecological geomembrane is composed of a geotextile layer with permeable properties, surface water can also penetrate into the water-conducting pores through the geotextile layer, so that the composite ecological geomembrane can meet the "external prevention and internal drainage" while being in close contact with the slope and laid according to the terrain. The outer layer of vegetation soil can form a stable natural ecosystem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a composite ecological geomembrane provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the second composite ecological geomembrane provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the third composite ecological geomembrane provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 To constitute Figure 2 or Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle drainage pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The structure and working principle of the composite ecological geomembrane provided by the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1 、 2The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the first composite ecological geomembrane provided by the present invention. The structure of the composite ecological geomembrane includes a base layer 1 formed of a sheet membrane 11 made of a rubber-plastic material (plastic sheet, rubber membrane, or plastic film with a certain strength) that can be attached to the slope base (or ditch bottom) 10 of the engineering slope, an upper support layer 6, and a support structure 4 made of rubber or plastic material disposed therebetween and dividing the upper support layer 6 into a plurality of water-conducting cavities 8. A cylindrical straight pipe drainage pipe structure 2 is provided on the base layer, with a water inlet 21 at the bottom and a water outlet 22 extending into the water-conducting cavities 8. The water inlet 21 is provided on the sheet membrane 11 constituting the base layer.

[0027] During use of the composite ecological geomembrane, the base material layer contacts the slope base 10, and the groundwater seeping from the slope base enters the drainage pipe structure 2 through the water inlet 21, and then flows out from its water outlet 22 into the water guide hole 8 for discharge.

[0028] In the structure of the composite ecological geomembrane,

[0029] The drainage pipe structure is a tapered pipe with a water inlet 21 larger than its outlet 22. Water seeping from the slope enters the tapered pipe through the wide opening of the base material layer and is discharged into the water-conducting cavity through the outlet under the action of pressurized water.

[0030] ——In order to prevent the water in the water-conducting cavity from flowing back into the slope foundation through the outlet of the drainage pipe structure, the outlet of the drainage pipe structure is a soft contraction structure that can only discharge water but not enter water. When the internal and external water pressures of the composite ecological geomembrane are balanced or there is no pressure on the seepage water in the slope foundation, the drainage pipe is in a closed state at the outlet of the elastic normal closure;

[0031] --like Figure 2 As shown, in order to solve the problem of fine-grained soil forming siltation and affecting drainage at the water outlet, the outlet of the drainage pipe structure is curved (not in the straight cylindrical channel of the water inlet) 23, either facing the side or facing downward. When the pressurized water is discharged, it has the function of flushing the silt around the water outlet and realizing the self-cleaning and desilting function.

[0032] To prevent gravel from the slope of the project to which it is attached from entering the conical drainage pipe structure 2 through the water inlet 21 and causing blockage, a permeable geotextile layer 12 is attached to the outer side of the above-mentioned sheet membrane 11 to form the base material layer 1. That is, water seeping from the slope is filtered by the geotextile layer 12, enters the drainage pipe structure through the water inlet, and is discharged into the water diversion cavity 8 through its outlet.

[0033] The sheet membrane 11 and the upper support layer 2 and geotextile layer 12 on its upper and lower sides together constitute the bonding link structure at both ends of the sheet membrane, that is, the reserved upper bonding surface of the ecological geomembrane and the reserved lower bonding surface of the ecological geomembrane solve the overlap problem of the composite ecological geomembrane and ensure the integrity of the composite ecological geomembrane during use;

[0034] ——In order to make the composite ecological geomembrane achieve different functions,

[0035] The upper support layer 6 constituting the geomembrane can be made of an impermeable board membrane made of rubber and plastic materials. When the upper support layer is impermeable, it can achieve an anti-seepage function. The composite ecological geomembrane can be used in projects such as ditch bottoms and landfills to resist the scouring of slope foundations by external water, intercept the infiltration of external water, ensure that the underground soil or water source is not polluted, and achieve the purpose of smooth drainage of groundwater.

[0036] The upper support layer 6 constituting the geomembrane can also be made of the same geotextile material as the geotextile layer 12 with water-permeable properties attached to the outer side of the base material layer. When the external water pressure is large, the external water will pass through the upper permeable geotextile, penetrate into the water-guiding hole cavity and be discharged; although a small amount of seepage will pass through the elastic normally closed outlet 22 of the drainage pipe, from the pipe cavity through the water inlet hole 21 and the lower permeable geotextile 12 into the slope base; in actual engineering, the influence of this amount of infiltration on the overall moisture content of the slope base can be ignored, so it has no effect on the stability of the slope.

[0037] The drain pipe structure 2 gradually becomes thinner from a gradually thick wall to a gradually thin wall, making it a structure with a certain elasticity and the ability to open and close flexibly.

[0038] like Figure 2 、 3 The figure shows the structure of the third composite ecological geomembrane provided by the present invention. The structure of the composite ecological geomembrane includes a base layer 1 that can be attached to the slope base (or the bottom of the ditch) 10, an upper support layer 6, and a drainage pipe structure 2 provided on the base layer with a water inlet 21 at the bottom that can support the upper support layer 6 to form a water guide cavity 8, and the outlet 22 of the drainage pipe structure is an elbow structure 23 facing the side or bottom. That is, Figure 1 The composite ecological geomembrane shown in the first technical solution is formed by removing the support mechanism 4 made of materials such as rubber or plastic, and the drainage pipe structure 2 also serves as the support mechanism. Since the composite ecological geomembrane of this structure omits the support mechanism formed between the substrate layer 1 and the upper support layer 6, it has the characteristics of simple structure and simple preparation process.

[0039] In the structure constituting the composite ecological geomembrane, the base material layer 11 is composed of a sheet membrane and / or a water-permeable geotextile layer 12 attached to the outer side thereof.

Claims

1. A composite ecological geomembrane, characterized by: It includes a base material layer that can be attached to the slope foundation, an upper support layer and a support mechanism arranged between the two and dividing them into a number of water-conducting cavities; a drainage pipe structure with a water inlet at the bottom and a water outlet extending into the water-conducting cavities is arranged on the base material layer; and the water outlet of the drainage pipe structure is a soft shrinkage structure that can only discharge water but not enter water; when the internal and external water pressures of the composite ecological geomembrane are balanced or there is no pressure on the seepage water in the slope foundation, the elastic normally closed outlet of the drainage pipe is in a closed state.

2. The composite ecological geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base material layer is composed of a plate film made of rubber and plastic materials.

3. The composite ecological geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base material layer is composed of a plate membrane made of rubber and plastic materials and a geotextile layer with water permeability attached to the outer side thereof.

4. A composite ecological geomembrane according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The two end sides of the plate membrane are adhesive connection structures.

5. The composite ecological geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper supporting layer is composed of a plate membrane made of rubber and plastic materials, or a geotextile layer with water permeability.

6. The composite ecological geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe structure is a column pipe structure.

7. The composite ecological geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe structure is an elbow structure with the water outlet facing the side or the bottom.

8. The composite ecological geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe structure is a tapered pipe structure with a water inlet larger than the water outlet.

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