Hydraulic mechanical planetary reverse drive and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of transmission technology, and particularly relates to a hydraulic mechanical planetary reverse transmission device. The present application discloses a hydraulic mechanical planetary reverse transmission device, which comprises a box body, a pump shaft is arranged at the input end of the box body, the pump shaft is connected with a turbine shaft through a hydraulic transmission part; the turbine shaft is provided with a planetary gear shifting mechanism; a forward gear planet carrier of the planetary gear shifting mechanism is connected with a brake gear ring; a forward gear ring is connected with a reverse gear planet carrier through a spline; the reverse gear planet carrier and an input shaft of a fixed shaft single-stage gear transmission mechanism are in an integrated structure; the brake gear ring is braked through a forward gear clutch arranged on the box body; a gear ring of a reverse gear planet pair is braked through a reverse gear clutch arranged on the box body.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of transmission technology, in particular to a hydraulic mechanical planetary reverse transmission device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Transmission devices such as marine (reverse) gearboxes and conveyor belt transmission mechanisms are typical mechanical devices that require frequent forward and reverse rotation transmission. For example, in the process of entering and leaving the port, deceleration, and emergency avoidance of a ship, the marine gearbox needs to be frequently switched between forward, neutral, and reverse gears, and mechanical impact caused by the rotational inertia of the propeller, shaft, and gear train is unavoidable. The marine gearbox is a typical three-shaft (input shaft, intermediate shaft, and output shaft) and fixed-shaft constant mesh cylindrical gearbox, and the forward, neutral, and reverse gear switching is achieved by two sets of wet clutches installed on the input shaft and the intermediate shaft. Because of the unavoidable mechanical impact, tooth profile damage and early abnormal burning of the friction plate are the main and frequent failure modes. The full life cycle of a large ship is usually more than 30 years, and even the service period is up to 50 years or more. Therefore, it is urgent and necessary to improve the transmission quality of the power transmission system and increase the system reliability and life.

[0003] For example, port, mine, and power plant material conveyor belts have the following typical characteristics: long conveying distance, usually several kilometers; large material conveying capacity, usually thousands of tons per day; forward and reverse conveying is normal; large transient change in material conveying capacity, with alternating empty, light, heavy, and overload working conditions; large installed power, usually requiring multiple power systems to work simultaneously, and there is a multi-machine parallel starting problem. Because there is no specific standard equipment, the types of conveyor belt power transmission mechanisms are diverse and different. Currently, the technical forms of "motor + speed reducer", "motor + (speed-regulating type) hydraulic coupler + speed reducer" are commonly used at home and abroad, and there are technical defects such as large structure and volume, difficult reversing, inconvenient adjustment, and difficult starting. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technical solutions, the present application aims to provide a hydraulic mechanical planetary reverse transmission device and method, which reduces the structure volume and can realize flexible reversing and convenient adjustment.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, one or more embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application discloses a hydraulic mechanical planetary reverse transmission device, comprising a box body, a pump shaft is arranged at the input end of the box body, and the pump shaft is connected with a turbine shaft through a hydraulic transmission part; the turbine shaft is provided with a planetary speed change mechanism;

[0007] The forward planetary carrier of the planetary transmission mechanism is connected to the brake ring gear; the forward ring gear is splinedly connected to the reverse planetary carrier; the reverse planetary carrier and the input shaft of the fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism are integrated; the brake ring gear achieves braking through the forward clutch set on the housing; the reverse planetary pair's ring gear achieves braking through the reverse clutch set on the housing.

[0008] A further technical solution is to include a planetary gear pair for forward gears and a planetary gear pair for reverse gears;

[0009] A further technical solution is that the forward gear planetary pair includes a forward gear sun gear, forward gear planet gears, a forward gear planet carrier, and a forward gear ring gear;

[0010] A further technical solution is that the reverse planetary gear set includes a reverse sun gear, a reverse planetary gear, a reverse planetary carrier, and a reverse gear ring gear;

[0011] In a further technical solution, both the forward gear sun gear and the reverse gear sun gear are mounted on the turbine shaft;

[0012] A further advanced technical solution involves integrating the forward gear sun gear and turbine shaft into a single unit.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism is a fixed-axis gear train, which includes a pair of meshing gears, namely a driving gear and a driven gear;

[0014] A further technical solution involves the driving gear being located on the reverse planetary carrier, and the driven gear being located on the output shaft of the fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism;

[0015] A further technical solution is to use wet friction plate clutches for both the forward and reverse gear clutches;

[0016] This invention also relates to a hydromechanical planetary reversible transmission method, employing a hydromechanical planetary reversible transmission device of this application, with the following specific steps:

[0017] When forward gear is needed, the pump wheel shaft drives the turbine shaft to rotate through the hydraulic transmission component; when the forward gear clutch is filled with oil and engaged, the brake ring gear locks and brakes, driving the forward gear planetary carrier to brake. Power is input through the forward gear sun gear, and the forward gear ring gear outputs in the opposite direction to the forward gear sun gear. The forward gear ring gear drives the reverse gear planetary carrier to output in the same direction. After passing through the fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism, the output shaft rotates to finally achieve power transmission in the same direction as the turbine shaft.

[0018] When reverse gear is needed, the pump wheel shaft drives the turbine shaft to rotate through the hydraulic transmission component; at this time, after the reverse gear clutch is filled with oil and engaged, the reverse gear ring is locked and braked by the reverse gear clutch; the power is input through the sun gear and output through the reverse gear planetary carrier. After the input shaft and output shaft of the fixed shaft single-stage gear transmission mechanism are reversed, the reverse power transmission with the turbine shaft is realized.

[0019] When neutral is required, both the forward and reverse clutches are disengaged, and the reverse gear ring gear and forward planetary carrier rotate freely.

[0020] A further technical solution involves disengaging the reverse gear clutch during the forward gear engagement process, allowing the reverse gear ring to rotate freely.

[0021] A further technical solution involves disengaging the forward gear clutch during reverse gear operation without filling it with oil, allowing the forward gear planetary carrier and the brake ring gear used for braking the forward gear planetary carrier to rotate freely.

[0022] The beneficial effects of one or more of the above technical solutions are:

[0023] 1. The system integrates a (speed-regulating) hydraulic coupling (or hydraulic torque converter). Based on the characteristics of hydraulic transmission, such as vibration isolation, load starting, overload protection, coordinated multi-machine parallel operation, and stepless adjustment (speed regulation), it can effectively solve problems such as mechanical impact damage, overload component damage / power engine stall (internal combustion engine) stall (electric motor), poor adjustment flexibility, and difficulty in starting.

[0024] 2. As a constant mesh load-sharing transmission mechanism, the planetary transmission mechanism has the characteristics of small structure size, high power density, uninterrupted power transmission, and shock-free differential transmission during gear shifting; the gear shifting control mechanism adopts logic circuit control, which is easy to realize remote program control in the control room. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device;

[0027] Fig. 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of a planetary transmission mechanism;

[0028] In the diagram, 1-pump wheel shaft, 2-hydraulic transmission component, 3-turbine shaft, 4-forward gear clutch, 5-brake gear ring, 6-clutch support seat, 7-friction plate, 8-forward gear planetary pair, 81-forward gear sun gear, 82-forward gear planetary carrier, 83-forward gear ring, 9-reverse gear clutch, 10-reverse gear planetary pair, 101-reverse gear sun gear, 102-reverse gear planetary carrier, 103-reverse gear ring, 11-fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism, 12-box housing. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Please see as follows Figs. 1-2This invention relates to a hydraulic mechanical planetary reversing transmission device, comprising a housing 12, and within the housing 12, a pump wheel shaft 1, a hydraulic transmission component 2, a turbine shaft 3, a forward gear clutch 4, a brake gear ring 5, a clutch support seat 6, friction plates 7, a forward gear planetary pair 8, a reverse gear clutch 9, a reverse gear planetary pair 10, and a fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism 11. The hydraulic transmission component 2 can be a hydraulic coupling or a hydraulic torque converter, depending on the specific implementation.

[0031] Hydraulic transmission components, turbine shaft 3, forward gear clutch 4, brake gear ring 5, clutch support seat 6, friction plate 7, forward gear planetary pair 8, reverse gear planetary pair 10, and fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism 11 are all mounted on housing 12. Pump wheel shaft serves as the input end of the entire hydraulic mechanical transmission device. Pump wheel shaft is connected to hydraulic transmission components, which are also connected to turbine shaft. The connection between pump wheel shaft and turbine shaft is achieved through hydraulic transmission components, transmitting input power from pump wheel shaft to turbine shaft.

[0032] The forward planetary gear pair 8 and the reverse planetary gear pair 10 together form the planetary transmission mechanism. The forward planetary gear pair and the reverse planetary gear pair 10 are respectively located on the turbine shaft. The turbine shaft serves as the input shaft for the entire transmission system's planetary transmission mechanism, providing power input to both sets of planetary gear pairs.

[0033] The forward gear planetary pair 8 includes a forward gear planetary gear, a forward gear sun gear, a forward gear planetary carrier, and a forward gear ring gear; the forward gear sun gear is located on the turbine shaft and is integrated with the turbine shaft; the forward gear planetary carrier is connected to the forward gear clutch, which is a wet friction plate clutch. The wet friction plate clutch includes a cylinder liner, a piston, a clutch support seat 6, and friction plates 7. The friction plates 7 are divided into internal tooth wet friction plates and external tooth wet friction plates. The clutch support seat 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 12.

[0034] When the forward gear clutch is filled with high-pressure hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil pushes the piston in the cylinder liner to move to the right, pushing the internal and external wet friction plates to squeeze each other to achieve braking. The forward gear clutch is installed on the brake gear ring, and the brake gear ring 5 is braked by the forward gear clutch. Since the brake gear ring 5 is fixedly connected to the forward gear planetary carrier 82, the brake gear ring 5 actually achieves the braking of the forward gear planetary carrier.

[0035] The reverse planetary gear set 10 includes a reverse sun gear 101, reverse planet gears, a reverse planet carrier 102, and a reverse ring gear 103. The reverse planetary gear set 10 is connected to the forward planetary gear set 8 via the forward ring gear 83 and the reverse planet carrier 102. The forward ring gear and the reverse planet carrier 102 are connected by a spline.

[0036] A reverse planetary gear ring 10 is connected to the housing 12 by a reverse clutch 9. The reverse clutch 9 is a wet friction plate clutch, which includes a cylinder liner, a piston, a clutch support seat 6, and friction plates 7. The friction plates 7 are divided into internal tooth wet friction plates and external tooth wet friction plates. The clutch support seat 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 12. The piston in the reverse clutch 9, driven by hydraulic oil, compresses the internal tooth wet friction plates and the external tooth wet friction plates to achieve braking of the reverse planetary gear ring.

[0037] The reverse gear sun gear 101 is keyed to the turbine shaft, and the reverse gear planetary carrier 102 is integrated with the input shaft of the fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism 11.

[0038] The fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism 11 includes a pair of meshing driving gears and driven gears. The driving gear is mounted on the input shaft, which is the reverse planet carrier 102 of the reverse planetary pair. The driven gear is mounted on the output shaft. The fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism 11 reverses the direction of transmission of the two planetary pairs to achieve power output.

[0039] Description of the forward gear working process

[0040] Power is transmitted to the forward gear planetary pair 8 via pump wheel shaft 1, hydraulic transmission component 2, and turbine shaft 3. When the forward gear clutch is engaged with oil filling, the forward gear planetary carrier 82 is locked and braked via housing 12, clutch support seat 6, friction plate 7, forward gear planetary carrier, and brake gear 5. When the forward gear planetary carrier 82 is braked, the forward gear planetary pair 8 is a reverse transmission mechanism. Power is input via the forward gear sun gear 81 and output in the reverse direction via the forward gear ring gear 83. Then, the power is transmitted in the reverse direction again via the forward gear ring gear 83, the reverse gear planetary pair planetary carrier, and finally through the fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism 11 to achieve the same direction power output.

[0041] Description of reverse gear operation

[0042] Power is transmitted to the reverse planetary pair 10 via the pump wheel shaft 1, hydraulic transmission component 2, and turbine shaft 3. When the reverse clutch 9 is filled with oil and engaged, the reverse planetary pair gear ring is locked and braked via the housing 12, clutch support seat 6, internal wet friction plate, and external wet friction plate. When the reverse planetary pair gear ring is braked, the reverse planetary pair is a co-rotating transmission mechanism, and power is input via the reverse sun gear 101 and output in the same direction via the reverse planetary carrier 102. Then, the power is reversed again via the fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism 11 to achieve reverse steering power output. During this process, the forward clutch is not filled with oil and is in a disengaged state, and the forward planetary carrier 82 and the brake gear ring used for braking the forward planetary carrier 82 rotate freely.

[0043] Description of the idle working process

[0044] When both the forward and reverse clutches 9 are disengaged (without oil filling), the reverse gear ring 103 and the forward planetary carrier 82 rotate freely, the transmission box is in neutral, and there is no power output.

[0045] The transmission box is integrated with an oil circulation system, which is responsible for the supply and pressure control of circulating oil for the hydraulic coupling (or hydraulic torque converter), high-pressure oil for clutch control, high-pressure oil for clutch operation, system lubrication, and system cooling. These are all existing technologies and will not be elaborated here. A three-position three-way solenoid directional valve or shift valve plate (valve group) is installed on the outside of the transmission box body 12 for transmission gear control and is easy to realize remote intelligent control. These are all existing technologies and will not be elaborated here.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This invention also relates to a hydraulic mechanical planetary forward and reverse transmission method, based on a hydraulic mechanical planetary forward and reverse transmission device in Embodiment 1, to realize the switching output of forward gear, neutral gear and reverse gear, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0048] When forward gear is needed, the pump wheel shaft drives the turbine shaft to rotate through the hydraulic transmission component; when the forward gear clutch is filled with oil and engaged, the brake ring gear locks and brakes, driving the forward gear planetary carrier 82 to brake. Power is input through the forward gear sun gear 81, and the forward gear ring gear 83 outputs in the opposite direction to the forward gear sun gear 81. The forward gear ring drives the reverse gear planetary carrier 102 to output in the same direction. After passing through the fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism 11, the output shaft finally achieves the same direction of power transmission as the turbine shaft.

[0049] When reverse gear is needed, the pump wheel shaft drives the turbine shaft to rotate through the hydraulic transmission component; at this time, after the reverse gear clutch is filled with oil and engaged, the reverse gear ring gear is locked and braked by the reverse gear clutch 9; the power is input through the reverse gear sun gear and output through the reverse gear planetary carrier 102. After the input shaft and output shaft of the fixed shaft single-stage gear transmission mechanism 11 are reversed, the power transmission with the turbine shaft is reversed; when neutral gear is needed, both the forward gear clutch and the reverse gear clutch are in the disengaged state, and the reverse gear ring gear 103 and the forward gear planetary carrier rotate freely.

[0050] Furthermore, during the forward gear engagement process, the reverse gear clutch is not filled with oil and is in a disengaged state, allowing the reverse gear ring 103 to rotate freely;

[0051] Furthermore, during the reverse gear operation, the forward gear clutch is not filled with oil and is in a disengaged state, allowing the forward gear planetary carrier and the brake ring gear used for braking the forward gear planetary carrier to rotate freely.

[0052] The above description, based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention, provides inspiration. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification but must be determined according to the claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic mechanical planetary reversible transmission device, comprising a housing, wherein a pump wheel shaft is disposed at the input end of the housing, characterized in that, The pump wheel shaft is connected to the turbine shaft via a hydraulic transmission component; the turbine shaft is equipped with a planetary transmission mechanism; the forward and reverse sun gears of the planetary transmission mechanism are both located on the turbine shaft; the forward sun gear and the turbine shaft are integrated into one unit; the forward planet carrier of the planetary transmission mechanism is connected to the brake ring gear. The forward gear ring gear and the reverse gear planetary carrier are splinedly connected; the reverse gear planetary carrier and the input shaft of the fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism are integrated; the brake ring gear achieves braking through the forward gear clutch set on the housing; the reverse gear ring gear achieves braking through the reverse gear clutch set on the housing. The fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism is a fixed-axis gear train, which includes a pair of meshing gears, namely a driving gear and a driven gear; the driving gear is located on the reverse planetary carrier, and the driven gear is located on the output shaft of the fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism.

2. The hydraulic mechanical planetary reversing transmission device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The planetary transmission mechanism includes forward planetary gear sets and reverse planetary gear sets.

3. The hydraulic mechanical planetary reversing transmission device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The forward gear planetary pair includes the forward gear sun gear, forward gear planet gears, forward gear planet carrier, and forward gear ring gear.

4. The hydraulic mechanical planetary reversible transmission device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reverse planetary gear set includes the reverse sun gear, the reverse planet gears, the reverse planet carrier, and the reverse gear ring gear.

5. The hydraulic mechanical planetary reversing transmission device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the forward and reverse clutches use wet friction plate clutches.

6. A method for reversing and forwarding transmission of a hydromechanical planetary transmission, based on the hydromechanical planetary reversing and forwarding transmission device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: When forward gear is needed, the pump wheel shaft drives the turbine shaft to rotate through the hydraulic transmission component; when the forward gear clutch is filled with oil and engaged, the brake ring gear locks and brakes, driving the forward gear planetary carrier to brake. Power is input through the forward gear sun gear, and the forward gear ring gear outputs in the opposite direction to the forward gear sun gear. The forward gear ring gear drives the reverse gear planetary carrier to output in the same direction. After passing through the fixed-axis single-stage gear transmission mechanism, the output shaft rotates to finally achieve power transmission in the same direction as the turbine shaft. When reverse gear is needed, the pump wheel shaft drives the turbine shaft to rotate through the hydraulic transmission component; at this time, after the reverse gear clutch is filled with oil and engaged, the reverse gear ring is locked and braked by the reverse gear clutch; the power is input through the reverse gear sun gear and output through the reverse gear planetary carrier. After the input shaft and output shaft of the fixed shaft single-stage gear transmission mechanism are reversed, the reverse power transmission with the turbine shaft is realized. When neutral is required, both the forward and reverse clutches are disengaged, and the reverse gear ring gear and forward planetary carrier rotate freely.

Images