Methods and Systems for Testing the Energy Field of Track Slab Systems

Abstract

This application discloses a method and system for testing the energy field of a track slab system, belonging to the field of rail transit technology. The method includes: deploying acceleration sensors on the track slab; dividing the track slab into multiple track slab units, using the locations of the acceleration sensors as the center points of each unit; applying a vertical excitation to the rails above the track slab and acquiring acceleration response signals through the acceleration sensors; integrating the multiple acceleration response signals to obtain the velocity and displacement corresponding to each track slab unit; and calculating the kinetic and potential energy of each track slab unit based on its velocity and displacement, thereby obtaining the energy field corresponding to the track slab. This application, by deploying acceleration sensors on the track slab and measuring the acceleration response signals of each track slab unit to obtain the corresponding energy field, achieves greater accuracy and consistency with the actual track structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to a method and system for testing the energy field of a track slab system. Background Technology

[0002] In rail transit systems such as railways, subways, and urban rail transit, specific analysis is required to obtain the energy field distribution of the track structure. A common approach in existing technologies is to establish a finite element analysis model of the track structure. By inputting the technical parameters of each component, theoretical calculations are performed to analyze the transmission and distribution characteristics of the track structure system, thereby deriving the transmission and distribution laws of the energy field. However, the accuracy of this method largely depends on the selection of component parameters and the establishment of the simulation model. Regarding technical parameters, firstly, the technical parameters of each component, such as the track slab, are difficult to obtain. Secondly, due to the nonlinear and frequency-varying characteristics of component parameters, the technical parameters are highly variable. Therefore, the final selected technical parameters may differ significantly from the actual structure, ultimately leading to inconsistencies between the energy field analysis results and the actual structure, making it impossible to obtain accurate system energy field characteristics of the track structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problem that existing technologies cannot accurately reflect the true distribution of the orbital energy field when determining the system energy field of an orbital structure, resulting in low accuracy, this application proposes a method and system for testing the energy field of an orbital slab system.

[0004] One technical solution of this application provides a method for testing the energy field of a track slab system, comprising: deploying multiple acceleration sensors on a predetermined number of track slabs, each acceleration sensor being used to acquire acceleration response signals at a corresponding position on the track slab; dividing the track slab into multiple track slab units by using the deployment positions of the multiple acceleration sensors as the center points of each track slab unit; applying a vertical excitation to the rails above the track slabs and acquiring acceleration response signals of the track slab units through the acceleration sensors; integrating the multiple acceleration response signals to obtain the velocity and displacement corresponding to the track slab units; and calculating the kinetic energy and potential energy corresponding to the multiple track slab units based on their respective velocities and displacements, thereby obtaining the energy field corresponding to the track slabs.

[0005] Optionally, the track slab is divided into multiple track slab units by using the placement positions of multiple acceleration sensors as the center points of each track slab unit. This includes: constructing multiple rectangular regions by using the midpoint between adjacent acceleration sensors as the midpoint of the boundary line of the track slab unit; and using the track slabs within the rectangular regions as the track slab units of the corresponding acceleration sensors.

[0006] Optionally, applying a vertical excitation to the rail above the track slab includes: applying a vertical excitation at the midpoint of the rail above the track slab using an excitation device, the excitation device including a hammer.

[0007] Optionally, based on the velocities and displacements of the multiple track slab units, the kinetic and potential energies of the multiple track slab units are calculated, thereby obtaining the energy field corresponding to the track slab. This includes: arranging the kinetic energies of each track slab unit according to its position on the track slab to determine the kinetic energy field corresponding to the track slab; and arranging the potential energies of each track slab unit according to its position on the track slab to determine the potential energy field corresponding to the track slab.

[0008] Optionally, based on the velocities and displacements of the multiple track slab units, the kinetic and potential energies of the multiple track slab units are calculated, thereby obtaining the energy field corresponding to the track slab. This also includes: calculating the total energy corresponding to each track slab unit based on the kinetic and potential energies of each track slab unit; arranging the total energy corresponding to each track slab unit according to the position of the track slab units on the track slab, and determining the total energy field corresponding to the track slab.

[0009] Optionally, multiple acceleration sensors are evenly arranged above a preset number of track slabs, including: multiple acceleration sensors are evenly arranged on the track slabs at a first preset interval in the length direction and at a second preset interval in the width direction, wherein the first preset interval is not greater than a first multiple of the fastener spacing, is greater than a second multiple of the fastener spacing, and the second preset interval is not greater than a third multiple of the fastener spacing.

[0010] Optionally, the first preset interval is no more than 4 times the fastener spacing and more than 0.5 times the fastener spacing, and the second preset interval is no more than 2 times the deduction spacing.

[0011] In one technical solution of this application, a track slab system energy field testing system is provided, comprising: an excitation device that applies vertical excitation to the rails above the track slab, and acquires the acceleration response signals of track slab units by uniformly arranging multiple acceleration sensors on a preset number of track slabs, wherein the arrangement positions of the multiple acceleration sensors are used as the center points of each track slab unit to divide the track slab into multiple track slab units; and an energy field determination device that integrates the multiple acceleration response signals to obtain the velocity and displacement corresponding to the track slab units, and calculates the kinetic energy and potential energy corresponding to the multiple track slab units based on the velocity and displacement corresponding to the multiple track slab units respectively, thereby obtaining the energy field corresponding to the track slab.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By deploying acceleration sensors on the track slab and measuring the acceleration response signals of each track slab unit, this application obtains the velocity and displacement of each track slab unit within a corresponding time period, thereby obtaining the potential energy, kinetic energy, and total energy of each unit, and thus the corresponding energy field. The obtained energy field is more accurate, consistent with the actual track structure, and can accurately obtain the system energy field characteristics. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating one implementation of the energy field testing method for the track slab system of this application;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an example of the deployment of the accelerometer sensor in this application;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of track slab unit division in this application;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the track slab system energy field testing system of this application.

[0018] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those units explicitly listed, but may include other units not explicitly listed or inherent to such products or devices.

[0021] In rail transit systems such as railways, subways, and urban rail transit, specific analysis is required to obtain the energy field distribution of the track structure. A common approach in existing technologies is to establish a finite element analysis model of the track structure. By inputting the technical parameters of each component, theoretical calculations are performed to analyze the transmission and distribution characteristics of the track structure system, thereby deriving the transmission and distribution laws of the energy field. However, the accuracy of this method largely depends on the selection of component parameters and the establishment of the simulation model. Regarding technical parameters, firstly, the technical parameters of each component, such as the rails, are difficult to obtain. Secondly, due to the nonlinear and frequency-varying characteristics of component parameters, the technical parameters are highly variable. Therefore, the final selected technical parameters may differ significantly from the actual structure, ultimately leading to inconsistencies between the energy field analysis results and the actual structure, making it impossible to obtain accurate system energy field characteristics of the track structure.

[0022] To address the aforementioned problems, this application proposes a method and system for testing the energy field of a track slab system. The method includes: uniformly distributing multiple acceleration sensors on a predetermined number of track slabs, each acceleration sensor acquiring the acceleration response signal at a corresponding position on the track slab; dividing the track slab into multiple track slab units, using the positions of the multiple acceleration sensors as the center points of each unit; applying a vertical excitation to the rails above the track slabs, and acquiring the acceleration response signals of the track slab units through the acceleration sensors; integrating the multiple acceleration response signals to obtain the velocity and displacement corresponding to each track slab unit; and calculating the kinetic and potential energy of each track slab unit based on its velocity and displacement, thereby obtaining the energy field of the track slab.

[0023] This application obtains the velocity and displacement of each track slab unit by deploying acceleration sensors on the track slab and measuring the acceleration response signals of each unit within a corresponding time period. This allows for the determination of the potential energy, kinetic energy, and total energy of each unit, resulting in a corresponding energy field. The obtained energy field is more accurate, consistent with the actual track structure, and provides precise characteristics of the system's energy field.

[0024] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 An embodiment of the energy field testing method for the track slab system of this application is shown.

[0026] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the energy field testing method of the track slab system of this application includes: process S101, where multiple acceleration sensors are arranged on a preset number of track slabs, and each acceleration sensor is used to obtain the acceleration response signal at the corresponding position of the track slab.

[0027] In this embodiment, existing technologies for analyzing the energy field distribution of a track system suffer from difficulties in obtaining and accurately selecting the technical parameters of various components, thus failing to accurately reflect the actual track structure. This application utilizes accelerometers of a specific specification to measure the energy distribution of the track in real-world conditions, thereby analyzing the energy distribution and obtaining accurate results. Specifically, when testing the energy field of the rails in the track system, a predetermined number of track slabs are selected, and multiple accelerometers are deployed on these slabs. Uniform deployment of the accelerometers ensures the accuracy of the measurements, guaranteeing the accuracy of the measurement of the rail acceleration signals and ensuring that the final energy field more accurately reflects the true energy distribution.

[0028] Optionally, multiple acceleration sensors are evenly arranged above a preset number of track slabs, including: multiple acceleration sensors are evenly arranged on the track slabs at a first preset interval in the length direction and at a second preset interval in the width direction, wherein the first preset interval is not greater than a first multiple of the fastener spacing, is greater than a second multiple of the fastener spacing, and the second preset interval is not greater than a third multiple of the fastener spacing.

[0029] In this optional embodiment, when deploying the accelerometers, it is necessary to ensure that the first preset interval between adjacent accelerometers along the length of the track slab is no greater than a first multiple of the fastener spacing, so as to ensure that the measurement results of the accelerometers can accurately reflect the energy changes of the track slab. If the accelerometers are far apart, some energy changes of the track slab may not be measured by the accelerometers, resulting in a mismatch between the measurement results and the actual structure. Similarly, the second preset interval between adjacent accelerometers must be greater than a second multiple of the fastener spacing to avoid increased measurement costs due to insufficient spacing. In the width direction, the third preset interval between adjacent accelerometers along the length of the track slab must be no greater than a third multiple of the fastener spacing, so as to ensure that the measurement results of the accelerometers can accurately reflect the energy changes of the track slab.

[0030] Optionally, the first preset interval is no more than 4 times the fastener spacing and more than 0.5 times the fastener spacing, and the second preset interval is no more than 2 times the deduction spacing.

[0031] Specifically, the preset number of track slabs can be selected as 3. The specific number of track slabs can be chosen reasonably based on actual testing conditions and requirements; this application does not impose specific restrictions. The distance between adjacent accelerometers along the length of the track slab can be set to four times the track fastener spacing, i.e., the first preset interval is no greater than 4a, where 'a' is the spacing between adjacent fasteners. The spacing between fasteners on the track has standard requirements of 0.6m or 0.65m. Furthermore, if the accelerometers are arranged too closely, it does not significantly improve measurement accuracy but instead increases cost. Therefore, in specific settings, the first preset interval is greater than 0.5a. Similarly, along the width of the track slab, the second preset interval is no greater than 2a.

[0032] Specifically, Figure 2 An example of the accelerometer sensor deployment in this application is shown.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, multiple accelerometers are evenly distributed on three track slabs, as represented by the black dots in the figure. The distance between adjacent accelerometers along the length of the track slab is denoted by l. b This indicates that the first preset interval l b ≤4a, and l b >0.5a.

[0034] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the energy field testing method of the track slab system of this application includes: process S102, dividing the track slab into multiple track slab units by using the placement positions of multiple acceleration sensors as the center points of each track slab unit.

[0035] In this embodiment, after the positions of multiple acceleration sensors are determined, the track slab is divided according to the positions of each acceleration sensor, resulting in track slab units corresponding to each acceleration sensor. The acceleration response signal acquired by each acceleration sensor reflects the acceleration change of the corresponding track slab unit. The division of the track slab into units is done completely, leaving no remnants. This ensures that changes in the energy field of the track slab segment are reflected in each track slab unit, guaranteeing the accuracy of energy field measurement.

[0036] Optionally, the track slab is divided into multiple track slab units by using the placement positions of multiple acceleration sensors as the center points of each track slab unit. This includes: constructing multiple rectangular regions by using the midpoint between adjacent acceleration sensors as the midpoint of the boundary line of the track slab unit; and using the track slabs within the rectangular regions as the track slab units of the corresponding acceleration sensors.

[0037] In this optional embodiment, when dividing the track slab units according to the positions of the accelerometers, the midpoints between adjacent accelerometers are first determined, and multiple midpoints are used as the midpoints of the boundary lines of the track slab units, thereby determining multiple rectangular regions. After the rectangular regions are determined, the track slabs within these rectangular regions are considered as a single track slab unit.

[0038] Specifically, Figure 3 An example of the track slab unit division in this application is shown.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, the black dots on the track slab represent multiple accelerometers. The midpoint between adjacent accelerometers is taken as the midpoint of the track slab unit boundary line, constructing a rectangular region. Line segments are extended along the length or width of the track slab from each midpoint, ultimately intersecting the four edges to form a rectangular region, thus obtaining the track slab unit. (Details follow...) Figure 3 The shaded rectangular grid is shown in the diagram. The length of this track slab unit along the length of the track slab is represented as l. b1 The length in the width direction is represented by l. b2 To ensure that the accelerometers can fully capture the acceleration response signal of the track slab, at least nine accelerometers are installed on a single track slab.

[0040] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the energy field testing method of the track slab system of this application includes: process S103, applying a vertical excitation on the rail above the track slab, and acquiring the acceleration response signal of the track slab unit through an acceleration sensor.

[0041] In this embodiment, after the accelerometers are deployed and the corresponding track slab units are divided, a vertical excitation is applied to the rails above the track slab. Multiple accelerometers deployed on the track slab record the acceleration response signals of each track slab unit, preparing for subsequent energy field measurements. Due to the structure of the track system, the rails are positioned above the track slab, and the downward force is transmitted to the track slab through the rails when a train passes. Therefore, applying the excitation to the rails above the track slab is consistent with practical considerations.

[0042] Optionally, applying a vertical excitation to the rail above the track slab includes: applying a vertical excitation at the midpoint of the rail above the track slab using an excitation device, the excitation device including a hammer.

[0043] In this optional embodiment, in order to accurately measure the energy field, an excitation device is used to apply excitation at the middle position of the rail above the track slab. The excitation device includes a hammer, a vibrator, etc.

[0044] Specifically, when applying excitation using a hammer, the hammer can be used to impact the rail above the track slab three times, and the acceleration information during the impact time can be sensed by an acceleration sensor. Alternatively, a vibrator can be used to excite the track slab, where the vibrator can use harmonic force to excite the rail above the track slab.

[0045] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the energy field testing method of the track slab system of this application includes: process S104, integrating multiple acceleration response signals to obtain the velocity and displacement corresponding to the track slab unit.

[0046] In this embodiment, acceleration information corresponding to each track slab unit can be measured using an acceleration sensor. Utilizing the principle of integration, the velocity and displacement information corresponding to that track slab unit can be obtained from the acceleration information. The process of integrating the acceleration information to obtain the velocity, and then integrating the velocity to obtain the displacement, is a commonly used technique and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0047] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the energy field testing method of the track plate system of this application includes: process S105, calculating the kinetic energy and potential energy corresponding to the multiple track plate units according to their respective velocities and displacements, and then obtaining the energy field corresponding to the track plate.

[0048] In this embodiment, after obtaining the velocity and displacement of each track plate unit, the kinetic energy and potential energy of each track plate unit can be calculated, thereby obtaining the energy field of the entire track plate.

[0049] Specifically, the kinetic energy of the track slab unit can be calculated using formula (1), as follows:

[0050]

[0051] Where ρ is the density of the track slab; l b1 The length of the track slab unit along the length direction of the track slab; l b2 The length of the track slab unit is along the width of the track slab; h is the thickness of the track slab, and v is the length of the track slab unit. i This represents the velocity of track slab element numbered i. The kinetic energy of each track slab element can be calculated using the above formula.

[0052] When calculating the potential energy of the track slab unit, it can be done using formula (2), as follows:

[0053]

[0054] Where, k b For the combined equivalent stiffness of the fastener and track slab supports, x bi This represents the displacement of track slab element numbered i. The potential energy of each track slab element can be calculated using the above formula.

[0055] Optionally, based on the velocities and displacements of the multiple track slab units, the kinetic and potential energies of the multiple track slab units are calculated, thereby obtaining the energy field corresponding to the track slab. This includes: arranging the kinetic energies of each track slab unit according to its position on the track slab to determine the kinetic energy field corresponding to the track slab; and arranging the potential energies of each track slab unit according to its position on the track slab to determine the potential energy field corresponding to the track slab.

[0056] In this optional embodiment, after calculating the kinetic and potential energy of each track plate unit, the kinetic energy change diagram and potential energy change diagram are drawn according to the position of each track plate unit to obtain the final kinetic energy field and potential energy field.

[0057] Optionally, based on the velocities and displacements of the multiple track slab units, the kinetic and potential energies of the multiple track slab units are calculated, thereby obtaining the energy field corresponding to the track slab. This also includes: calculating the total energy corresponding to each track slab unit based on the kinetic and potential energies of each track slab unit; arranging the total energy corresponding to each track slab unit according to the position of the track slab units on the track slab, and determining the total energy field corresponding to the track slab.

[0058] In this optional embodiment, the kinetic and potential energies corresponding to each track plate unit are superimposed to obtain the total energy corresponding to that track plate unit. Then, according to the position of each track plate unit, a total energy change diagram is plotted to obtain the final total energy field. The specific calculation formula is shown in Formula 3:

[0059] E bi =T bi +U bi (3)

[0060] Specifically, when testing the energy field of the track structure system, in addition to setting up acceleration sensors on the track slab to test the energy field on the track slab, acceleration sensors can also be set up on other components of the track system, such as the rails, to test the energy field of the rails, thereby determining the distribution of the energy field on the track slab.

[0061] This application obtains the velocity and displacement of each track slab unit by deploying acceleration sensors on the track slab and measuring the acceleration response signals of each unit within a corresponding time period. This allows for the determination of the potential energy, kinetic energy, and total energy of each unit, resulting in a corresponding energy field. The obtained energy field is more accurate, consistent with the actual track structure, and provides precise characteristics of the system's energy field.

[0062] Figure 4 An embodiment of the energy field testing system for the track slab system of this application is shown.

[0063] exist Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the energy field testing system of the track slab system of this application includes: an excitation device 401, which applies vertical excitation to the rail above the track slab, and obtains the acceleration response signal of the track slab unit by arranging multiple acceleration sensors on a preset number of track slabs, wherein the arrangement position of the multiple acceleration sensors is used as the center point of each track slab unit to divide the track slab into multiple track slab units.

[0064] The energy field determining device 402 integrates multiple acceleration response signals to obtain the velocity and displacement corresponding to each track slab unit. Based on the velocities and displacements of the multiple track slab units, it calculates the kinetic and potential energies of each track slab unit, thereby obtaining the energy field corresponding to the track slab.

[0065] Optionally, the track slab is divided into multiple track slab units by using the placement positions of multiple acceleration sensors as the center points of each track slab unit. This includes: constructing multiple rectangular regions by using the midpoint between adjacent acceleration sensors as the midpoint of the boundary line of the track slab unit; and using the track slabs within the rectangular regions as the track slab units of the corresponding acceleration sensors.

[0066] Optionally, an excitation device 401 is used to vertically apply an excitation at the middle position of the rail above the track slab. The excitation device includes a force hammer.

[0067] Optionally, in the energy field determining device 402, the kinetic energy of each track plate unit is arranged according to its position on the track plate to determine the kinetic energy field corresponding to the track plate; and the potential energy of each track plate unit is arranged according to its position on the track plate to determine the potential energy field corresponding to the track plate.

[0068] Optionally, in the energy field determining device 402, the total energy corresponding to each track plate unit is calculated based on the kinetic and potential energy of each track plate unit; the total energy corresponding to each track plate unit is arranged according to the position of the track plate unit on the track plate, and the total energy field corresponding to the track plate is determined.

[0069] Optionally, multiple acceleration sensors are evenly distributed on the track plate at preset intervals, wherein the preset interval is less than a first multiple of the fastener spacing and greater than a second multiple of the fastener spacing.

[0070] Optionally, the preset interval is less than 4 times the fastener spacing or greater than 0.5 times the fastener spacing.

[0071] The track slab system energy field testing system of this application obtains the velocity and displacement of each track slab unit within a corresponding time period by deploying acceleration sensors on the track slab. This allows for the determination of the potential energy, kinetic energy, and total energy of each unit, thus yielding the corresponding energy field. The obtained energy field is more accurate, consistent with the actual track structure, and provides precise system energy field characteristics.

[0072] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0073] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0074] The above are merely embodiments of this application and do not limit the scope of this patent application. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for testing the energy field of a track slab system, characterized in that, include: Multiple acceleration sensors are deployed on a predetermined number of track slabs, and each acceleration sensor is used to acquire the acceleration response signal at the corresponding position of the track slab. Using the placement positions of the multiple acceleration sensors as the center points of each track slab unit, the track slab is completely divided to obtain multiple track slab units, including: The midpoint between adjacent accelerometer sensors is used as the midpoint of the boundary line of the track slab unit. Line segments are extended along the length and width directions of the track slab from the midpoint of these boundary lines, causing the four boundary lines to intersect and constructing multiple rectangular regions. The track slab within the rectangular area is used as the track slab unit corresponding to the acceleration sensor; A vertical excitation is applied to the rail above the track slab, and the acceleration response signal of the track slab unit is obtained through the acceleration sensor; By integrating multiple acceleration response signals, the velocity and displacement corresponding to the track slab unit are obtained; Based on the velocities and displacements of the various track slab units, the kinetic and potential energies of the various track slab units are calculated, and thus the energy field corresponding to the track slab is obtained.

2. The energy field testing method for the track slab system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Applying a vertical excitation to the rail above the track slab includes: An excitation device, including a hammer, is used to apply a vertical excitation at the middle position of the rail above the track slab.

3. The energy field testing method for the track slab system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the kinetic and potential energy of each track slab unit based on its velocity and displacement, and then obtaining the energy field of the track slab, includes: Based on the position of each track plate unit on the track plate, the kinetic energy of each track plate unit is arranged to determine the kinetic energy field corresponding to the track plate. Based on the position of each track plate unit on the track plate, the potential energy of each track plate unit is arranged to determine the potential energy field corresponding to the track plate.

4. The energy field testing method for the track slab system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of calculating the kinetic and potential energy corresponding to each of the multiple track slab units based on their respective velocities and displacements, and then obtaining the energy field corresponding to the track slab, further includes: Calculate the total energy corresponding to each track slab unit based on the kinetic and potential energy of each track slab unit. The total energy field corresponding to each track plate unit is determined by arranging the total energy of each track plate unit according to their positions on the track plate.

5. The energy field testing method for the track slab system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of evenly distributing multiple acceleration sensors above a predetermined number of track slabs includes: Multiple acceleration sensors are evenly distributed on the track plate at a first preset interval along the length direction and at a second preset interval along the width direction, wherein the first preset interval is not greater than a first multiple of the fastener spacing, is greater than a second multiple of the fastener spacing, and the second preset interval is not greater than a third multiple of the fastener spacing.

6. The energy field testing method for the track slab system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first preset interval is no more than 4 times the fastener spacing and more than 0.5 times the fastener spacing, and the second preset interval is no more than 2 times the deduction spacing.

7. The energy field testing method for the track slab system according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least nine acceleration sensors are installed on the track slab.

8. A track slab system energy field testing system, characterized in that, include: An excitation device applies vertical excitation to the rails above the track slab. It acquires the acceleration response signals of the track slab units by deploying multiple acceleration sensors on a predetermined number of track slabs. The positions of the acceleration sensors are used as the center points of each track slab unit to completely divide the track slab, resulting in multiple track slab units, including... The midpoint between adjacent accelerometer sensors is used as the midpoint of the boundary line of the track slab unit. Line segments are extended along the length and width directions of the track slab from the midpoint of these boundary lines, causing the four boundary lines to intersect and constructing multiple rectangular regions. The track slab within the rectangular area is used as the track slab unit corresponding to the acceleration sensor; An energy field determining device integrates multiple acceleration response signals to obtain the velocity and displacement corresponding to the track plate unit, and calculates the kinetic energy and potential energy corresponding to the multiple track plate units based on their respective velocities and displacements, thereby obtaining the energy field corresponding to the track plate.

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