Ionic thermoelectric device for recovering waste heat from electronic components based on phase change material

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses an ionic thermoelectric device for recycling waste heat of electronic components based on phase change material, comprising: a heat conduction module, a power generation module and a heat storage module; wherein the heat conduction module is used for conducting the waste heat generated by the electronic components to the power generation module, so that a positive temperature difference is formed inside the power generation module to realize thermoelectric energy conversion; at the same time of realizing thermoelectric energy conversion in the power generation module, the waste heat generated by the electronic components is further conducted to the heat storage module; the heat storage module is used for storing the waste heat conducted through the heat conduction module as latent heat, and in the case that the electronic components do not generate waste heat, by releasing the latent heat, a reverse temperature difference is formed inside the power generation module to realize thermoelectric energy conversion again.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of energy recycling, and particularly relates to an ionic thermoelectric device for recycling waste heat of electronic components based on phase change materials. BACKGROUND

[0002] The utilization of waste heat and other low-grade heat energy is crucial to solving the energy crisis. The most typical low-temperature waste heat resource is the heat dissipated by electronic components. As power devices develop towards miniaturization, lightweight, compact structure and high efficiency, electronic components also correspondingly operate at high power, long time and high load in a limited volume. Therefore, a large amount of heat is generated during the operation of power devices and is transferred to the outside or surrounding devices. When the electronic equipment is normally operated, the temperature of the internal electronic components is within 100°C. The waste heat generated by the electronic components is converted into thermoelectric energy to achieve the purpose of energy recycling.

[0003] The existing thermoelectric energy conversion technology is mainly an electronic thermoelectric energy conversion device based on the Seebeck effect. When a pair of thermocouples has two junctions at different temperatures, the temperature difference electromotive force at both ends of the thermocouple can be used as a power source. However, electronic thermoelectric materials are generally semiconductor materials, conductive polymers, etc. Although they have advantages such as high conductivity and continuous stability, their Seebeck coefficient is low, and they are difficult to process and not environmentally friendly. With the continuous improvement of the research on the ion diffusion mechanism and the in-depth study of the ionic thermoelectric effect, ionic thermoelectric energy conversion has attracted more and more attention. The Seebeck coefficient of ionic thermoelectric materials generally ranges from one to several hundred millivolts per Kelvin, which is much higher than that of electronic thermoelectric materials. Benefiting from the advantages of electrolyte solution such as easy preparation, wide use and low cost, ionic thermoelectric energy conversion using electrolyte solution as the thermoelectric medium is expected to become the main force of thermoelectric energy conversion for recycling low-temperature waste heat.

[0004] In addition, as a new type of energy-saving and environmentally friendly material, phase change materials have high energy storage density and can store and release heat at a constant temperature, which can solve the problem of heat conduction between energy supply and demand parties. It has far-reaching application value to apply phase change materials to assist ionic thermoelectric power generation devices to maintain heat matching. Therefore, it has become an inevitable trend to recycle electronic component waste heat based on phase change materials.

[0005] The above information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of the present application, and therefore can contain information that is not prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an ionic thermoelectric device for recycling waste heat of electronic components based on phase change materials, which absorbs and releases the waste heat of electronic components through phase change reaction of phase change materials to realize cyclic conversion of thermoelectric energy.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present disclosure provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An ionic thermoelectric device for recycling waste heat of electronic components based on phase change materials, comprising: a heat conduction module, a power generation module and a heat storage module; wherein,

[0009] The heat conduction module is used to conduct the waste heat generated by the electronic components to the power generation module, so that a positive temperature difference is formed inside the power generation module to realize thermoelectric energy conversion, and at the same time of realizing thermoelectric energy conversion in the power generation module, the waste heat generated by the electronic components is further conducted to the heat storage module;

[0010] The heat storage module is used to store the waste heat conducted through the heat conduction module as latent heat, and in the case that the electronic components do not generate waste heat, the latent heat is released to form a reverse temperature difference inside the power generation module to realize thermoelectric energy conversion again.

[0011] Preferably, the power generation module comprises a first liquid storage tank and a second liquid storage tank, and a porous medium film is arranged between the first liquid storage tank and the second liquid storage tank.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the porous medium film is charged and has a double-layer shielding effect, which can realize selective directional migration of ions to form an ion flux.

[0013] Preferably, a first electrode is arranged in the first liquid storage tank, and a second electrode is arranged in the second liquid storage tank, and when ions migrate directionally between the first liquid storage tank and the second liquid storage tank through the porous medium film, electrons flow between the first electrode and the second electrode to form an output current.

[0014] Preferably, the heat conduction module comprises a heat conduction sheet, and the heat conduction sheet is provided with a heat dissipation groove.

[0015] Preferably, the heat conduction sheet comprises, but is not limited to, a graphite heat conduction sheet, silicone rubber, insulating heat conduction glue or heat conduction silicone grease.

[0016] Preferably, the heat storage module adopts a phase change material, and the phase change material repeatedly undergoes phase change reaction to realize cyclic thermoelectric conversion of the power generation module.

[0017] Preferably, the phase change material is a low-temperature phase change material.

[0018] Preferably, the phase change material comprises, but is not limited to, crystalline water and salt, paraffin, fatty acid or polyol.

[0019] The present disclosure also provides a method for generating electricity based on phase change material recycling electronic component waste heat, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: During the operation of the electronic component, the waste heat generated is conducted to the power generation module through the heat conduction module, so that a positive temperature difference is formed in the power generation module to realize thermoelectric energy conversion, and at the same time, the waste heat generated by the electronic component is further conducted to the heat storage module;

[0021] S2: During the non-operation of the electronic component, the heat storage module releases the stored waste heat and conducts it to the power generation module, so that a reverse temperature difference is formed in the power generation module to realize thermoelectric energy conversion again.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present disclosure utilizes the waste heat of the electronic component to realize energy recycling, which has the advantages of being clean, green and environmentally friendly;

[0024] 2. The phase change material used in the present disclosure can realize the effect of latent heat energy storage, maintain a large temperature difference during the operation of the electronic component, and improve the power generation power and efficiency; when the electronic component is not working, the latent heat can be released as a heat source to prolong the power generation time; the present disclosure realizes the ion circulation migration through the automatic control of the heat absorption and release of the phase change material, forms a closed cycle, and does not need external energy input. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a planar structure schematic diagram of an ion thermoelectric device based on phase change material recycling electronic component waste heat provided by one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of an ion thermoelectric device based on phase change material recycling electronic component waste heat provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 3 is a selective schematic diagram of a porous medium film of an ion thermoelectric device based on phase change material recycling electronic component waste heat provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 4 is the ion migration condition in an ion thermoelectric device based on phase change material recycling electronic component waste heat provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 5 is the ion migration condition in the power generation device when the phase change material releases heat provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 6is a numerical simulation diagram of a single nanochannel power generation of a porous medium film in different working conditions provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] The reference signs are explained as follows:

[0032] 1, phase change material; 2, second liquid pool; 3, porous medium film; 4, first liquid pool; 5, heat dissipation groove; 6, heat conduction sheet; 7, packaging material; 8, electronic component; 9, external circuit; 10, first electrode; 11, second electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 6 The specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] It should be noted that some terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to particular components. Those skilled in the art will understand that the same component can be referred to by different terms. The specification and claims of the present disclosure do not distinguish components based on the difference in terminology, but rather on the difference in function. As mentioned throughout the specification and claims, "comprising" or "including" is an open term, which should be interpreted as "including but not limited to". The subsequent description is a preferred embodiment of implementing the present disclosure, and is for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the specification, and not to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The scope of protection of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

[0035] To facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following will be further explained and described with specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and each drawing does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0036] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 The present disclosure provides an ionic thermoelectric device based on phase change material for recycling waste heat of electronic components, comprising: a heat conduction module, a power generation module and a heat storage module; wherein,

[0037] The heat conduction module is used to conduct the waste heat generated by the electronic component 8 to the power generation module, so that a positive temperature difference is formed inside the power generation module to realize thermoelectric energy conversion;

[0038] The heat storage module is used to store the excess heat conducted by the heat conduction module, and when the electronic component 8 does not generate excess heat, the inside of the power generation module forms a reverse temperature difference to realize the conversion of thermoelectric energy by releasing the stored heat energy.

[0039] In this embodiment, the electronic component 8 includes common components such as power resistors, capacitors, diodes, triodes, crystal oscillators, integrated circuits and chips, and the electronic component 8 is provided with a packaging material 7 outside to dissipate heat and prevent electromagnetic interference and the like. When the electronic component 8 works and generates excess heat, the excess heat causes the inside of the power generation module to form a temperature difference to cause the ions to migrate in a certain direction, thereby generating electric energy. At the same time of generating electric energy, the remaining excess heat enters the heat storage module to be stored as latent heat; when the electronic component 8 does not work, the heat storage module releases the stored latent heat as a heat source, and the latent heat causes the inside of the power generation module to form a temperature difference in the opposite direction to cause the ions to migrate in the opposite direction, thereby forming a closed cycle power generation. The scheme described in this embodiment can realize multiple effects such as external power supply, self-power supply of the electronic component 8 and power storage without external energy input.

[0040] In addition, it should be noted that in order to prevent the heat storage module from being interrupted in the cycle power generation due to the lack of latent heat in the heat storage module caused by the long-time non-working of the electronic component 8, the working time and working interval of the electronic component 8 are calculated in advance, and the amount of latent heat stored in the heat storage module is controlled to prolong the power generation time to cover the entire working interval.

[0041] In another embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 The power generation module includes a first storage tank 4 and a second storage tank 2, and a porous medium film 3 is arranged between the first storage tank 4 and the second storage tank 2.

[0042] In this embodiment, when the electronic component 8 works, heat can be generated by the Joule effect, and the heat is transmitted to the first storage tank 4 through the heat conduction module to make the temperature of the solution in the first storage tank 4 higher than that of the solution in the second storage tank 2, thereby forming a temperature difference. The ions in the first storage tank 4 are driven to selectively flow to the second storage tank 2 through the porous medium film 3, thereby forming an ion flux. As the ions in the first storage tank 4 continuously migrate to the second storage tank 2, the concentration of the solution in the first storage tank 4 gradually becomes lower than that of the solution in the second storage tank 2, thereby forming a concentration difference in the opposite direction of the temperature difference. At this time, the external circuit electrons flow from the first electrode 10 to the second electrode 11 to form an output current, thereby realizing the conversion of thermoelectric energy. At the same time of the conversion of thermoelectric energy, the excess heat generated by the electronic component 8 is transmitted to the heat storage module for storage.

[0043] When the electronic component 8 stops working, the heat storage module starts to release latent heat, so that the temperature of the solution in the second storage tank 2 is higher than that in the first storage tank 4, thereby forming a temperature difference, which cooperates with the concentration difference formed by the two storage tanks to drive the selective migration of ions in the second storage tank 2 through the porous medium membrane 3 to the first storage tank 4, thereby forming an ion flux, and the output current is formed by the flow of external circuit electrons from the second electrode 11 to the first electrode 10, thereby realizing cyclic power generation.

[0044] It should be noted that the solution in the storage tank includes but is not limited to sodium chloride solution, potassium chloride solution, and water-soluble polymer composite sodium hydroxide solution, etc. Redox mixed solutions such as ferricyanide and triiodide can also be added to the solution, and the superimposed redox potential and ion thermoelectric potential can obtain a larger output potential.

[0045] It should be further noted that, as shown in Figure 3 The surface of the porous medium membrane 3 is negatively charged, and a double electric layer is formed on the surface. The shielding effect caused by the superposition of the double electric layer can make the porous medium membrane have ion selectivity, and realize the effect of attracting cations and repelling anions. The preparation materials thereof include graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, metal carbonitride films, porous membranes added with fiber materials, etc., and the structures thereof include but are not limited to tapered channel structures, composite channel structures or special-shaped structures formed by surface modification, combination and the like.

[0046] Further, in order to realize the superposition of the double electric layer and the ion selectivity, it is necessary to determine the maximum average channel radius of the porous medium membrane required under different solution concentrations.

[0047] The thickness of the double electric layer of the porous medium channel is generally several Debye lengths λ D , and the Debye length λ D is expressed as follows:

[0048]

[0049] wherein ε is the dielectric constant (F / m), R is the universal gas constant (J / (mol·K)), T is the temperature (K), F is the Faraday constant (C·mol), C i is the concentration of the i-th ion (mol / m3), and z i is the valence of the i-th ion.

[0050] Assuming the concentration range of the potassium chloride solution is 1-1000 mM, the average temperature in the porous medium film 3 is 333 K, the dielectric constant of the potassium chloride solution is the value of the aqueous solution at the corresponding temperature, and the thickness of the double electric layer in the channel of the porous medium is 5 times the Debye length, then the range of the thickness of the double electric layer is 1.50-47.95 nm. To ensure that the double electric layers on both sides of the channel completely overlap and have good selectivity, the concentration range of the potassium chloride solution is 1-1000 mM, and the maximum average channel radius interval of the porous medium film 3 is 1.50-47.95 nm, which corresponds to the concentration value one by one. By selecting a porous medium film 3 with a suitable channel radius, the working medium at different concentrations can be adapted, and the ion thermoelectric conversion efficiency can be improved.

[0051] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the first reservoir 4 is provided with a first electrode 10, and the second reservoir 2 is provided with a second electrode 11. When ions migrate directionally between the first reservoir 4 and the second reservoir 2 through the porous medium film 3, electrons flow between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 11 to form an output current. Figure 4 、 Figure 5 In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the first reservoir 4 is provided with a first electrode 10, and the second reservoir 2 is provided with a second electrode 11. When ions migrate directionally between the first reservoir 4 and the second reservoir 2 through the porous medium film 3, electrons flow between the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 11 to form an output current.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 11 are connected through an external circuit 9, which includes a rectifier circuit, a working circuit, a load, etc., and is combined with the first electrode 10 and the second electrode 11 to achieve the purposes of external power supply, self-power supply of electronic components 8, and power storage, etc.

[0053] In another embodiment, the heat conduction module includes a heat conduction sheet 6, and the heat conduction sheet 6 is provided with a heat dissipation groove 5.

[0054] In this embodiment, the heat conduction sheet 6 is tightly attached to the package material 7 for covering and protecting the electronic components 8 and the heat dissipation groove 5 at the same time, so as to reduce the contact resistance. The heat conduction sheet 6 can be made of graphite heat conduction sheet, silicone rubber, insulating heat conduction glue, or heat conduction silicone grease, etc., to meet the thermal matching with the package material 7. In addition, the arrangement of the heat dissipation groove 5 can increase the heat transfer area of the heat conduction sheet 6, and conduct more heat to the power generation module, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. The heat dissipation groove 5 is embedded in the first reservoir 4 as a whole, and its structure includes but is not limited to straight ribs, needle ribs, etc., and the contact thermal resistance between the heat dissipation groove 5 and the first reservoir 4 can also be reduced by increasing the heat conduction sheet.

[0055] In another embodiment, the heat storage module uses a phase change material 1, and the phase change material 1 repeatedly undergoes phase change reactions to make the power generation module cyclically realize thermoelectric conversion.

[0056] In this embodiment, by using the phase change material 1 as the heat source for heat storage and release, greater power and efficiency can be obtained in cooperation with the concentration difference formed between the liquid storage pools to drive ion transport. The following specific analysis demonstrates this conclusion:

[0057] The ion flux formed by the migration of ions between the liquid storage pools through the porous medium film is determined by the Nernst-Planck equation:

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] wherein J i is the ion flux of the i-th ion (mol / (m 2 ·s)) ; u is the velocity (m / s) ; D i is the diffusion coefficient of the i-th ion (m 2 / s) ; φ is the electric potential (V) ; and α i is the simplified Soret coefficient of the i-th ion, wherein the first term is the convection term, the second term is the diffusion term, the third term is the electromigration term, and the fourth term is the thermomigration term.

[0061] As can be seen from the above equation, the driving force of thermoelectric energy conversion is the temperature difference. The greater the temperature difference, the greater the ion flux, and the better the power generation effect. Therefore, using the phase change material 1 to control the temperature can obtain a greater temperature difference. Because the coefficients of the diffusion term, the electromigration term, and the thermomigration term are consistent, when the electronic component 8 is in the working state, as shown in FIG. 2, the ions migrate from the first liquid storage pool 4 to the second liquid storage pool 2 in a directional manner, and a concentration difference is formed to balance the temperature difference. Figure 4 When the electronic component 8 stops working, and the temperature of the electronic component 8 drops below the melting point of the phase change material 1, the phase change material 1 starts to release latent heat, forming a temperature difference from the second liquid storage pool 2 to the first liquid storage pool 4, as shown in FIG. 3. The temperature difference cooperates with the existing concentration difference to make the ions migrate from the second liquid storage pool 2 to the first liquid storage pool 4. Figure 5

[0062] Through the above demonstration, it can be proved that using the phase change material 1 as the heat source can cooperate with the concentration difference to drive ion transport to obtain greater power and efficiency.

[0063] In another embodiment, the phase change material 1 is a low-temperature phase change material.

[0064] ​In this embodiment, the phase change material with a melting point higher than the ambient temperature and lower than the working temperature of the electronic component 8 should be selected, because if the melting point of the phase change material is lower than the temperature of the environment in which it is located, the phase change material will absorb environmental heat to change phase and thus cannot store waste heat. Therefore, the phase change material with a melting point higher than the ambient temperature and lower than the working temperature of the electronic component 8 can better achieve the effect of heat storage and temperature control, and the phase change materials meeting the above requirements include crystalline water and salt, paraffin, fatty acid, and polyol, etc. More specifically, they are not listed one by one.

[0065] Next, the present disclosure further explains the technical effects of the present disclosure by comparing the total power generation time, total electric energy, and total efficiency of the three working conditions of heat dissipation of the electronic component 8, heat-electricity energy conversion without phase change material, and heat-electricity energy conversion with phase change material.

[0066] According to the Fourier heat conduction law:

[0067]

[0068] In the formula, Q c is the heat conduction heat (J), Φ c is the heat flow (W), t is the time (s), λ is the heat conduction coefficient (W / (m·K)), A is the heat conduction cross-sectional area (m2), and d is the heat conduction direction distance (m).

[0069] To achieve the heat balance of the electronic component 8 without phase change material and with phase change material, it is assumed that the excess heat in the two cases is absorbed by the phase change heat of the phase change material, and the expression is as follows:

[0070] mγ=Q c2 -Q c1

[0071] In the formula, m is the mass of the phase change material (kg), γ is the phase change heat (kJ / kg), Q c1 is the heat conduction heat without phase change material (J), Q c2 is the heat conduction heat with phase change material (J).

[0072] It is assumed that the heat balance condition of the electronic component 8 in the working state is that the solution temperature in the first storage tank 4 as the hot end is about 70℃, the solution temperature in the second storage tank 2 as the cold end is about 45℃, and the working time of the electronic component 8 is 8 hours. Paraffin with 20 carbon atoms is selected as the phase change material 1, the melting point thereof is about 35℃, and the latent heat of fusion is 247kJ / kg. The cross-sectional area of the first storage tank 4 and the second storage tank 2 is 4cm 2, the distance is 4 cm, and the thermal conductivity of the solution in the reservoir is approximately the thermal conductivity of water, which is 0.64 W / (m·K). It is calculated that 7.46 g of the paraffin phase change material 1 can maintain the temperature of the second reservoir 2 at 35℃ for 8 hours of working time.

[0073] When the electronic device 8 stops working, the first reservoir 4 is taken as the cold end, the temperature of the solution in the first reservoir 4 is about 25℃, the phase change material 1 starts to release latent heat, the second reservoir 2 is taken as the hot end, the temperature of the solution in the second reservoir 2 is about 35℃, and the phase change material 1 can additionally maintain the working of the power generation device 8 for 8 hours by releasing latent heat.

[0074] To further illustrate the above specific embodiments, the nano-channel structure shown in FIG. 2 is taken as an example to numerically simulate the thermoelectric energy conversion in the above three working conditions, and the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equation coupled with the heat conduction equation is solved by using the finite element method. The calculation formula of the thermoelectric energy conversion power and efficiency in different working conditions is as follows: Figure 6

[0075] P max = N·IV / 4

[0076] In the formula, N is the total number of channels of the porous medium film 3, P max is the maximum power (W) of the porous medium film 3, I is the permeation current (A), and V is the diffusion potential (V).

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, η is the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the porous medium film 3, and Q e is the converted electric energy (J).

[0079] The comparison results of the total power generation time, the total electric energy and the total efficiency of the above three working conditions are shown in Table 1:

[0080] Table 1 Comparison table of thermoelectric energy conversion of electronic devices

[0081]

[0082] From Table 1, it can be seen that, compared with the thermoelectric energy conversion of the electronic device without the phase change material, the thermoelectric energy conversion of the electronic device 8 with the phase change material not only can prolong the power generation time by 100%, but also can respectively increase the total electric energy by 96.58% and the total efficiency by 94.57%.

[0083] The above application of the specific embodiments illustrates the present disclosure, which is only used to help understand the present disclosure and does not limit the present disclosure. Any modification or replacement within the technical scope disclosed by the present disclosure by any skilled person in the art should be covered within the scope of the present disclosure.​

Claims

1. An ionic thermoelectric device for recovering waste heat from electronic components based on a phase change material, comprising: The heat conduction module, the power generation module and the heat storage module; wherein, The heat conduction module is used to conduct the waste heat generated by the electronic components to the power generation module, so that a positive temperature difference is formed inside the power generation module to realize thermoelectric energy conversion, and at the same time, the waste heat generated by the electronic components is further conducted to the heat storage module; The heat storage module is used to store the waste heat conducted through the heat conduction module as latent heat, and in the case that the electronic components do not generate waste heat, the latent heat is released to form a reverse temperature difference inside the power generation module to realize thermoelectric energy conversion again; wherein, the heat storage module uses a phase change material, which makes the power generation module realize thermoelectric conversion cyclically through repeated phase change reactions; the phase change material is selected to have a melting point higher than the ambient temperature and lower than the working temperature of the electronic components; The power generation module includes a first liquid storage tank and a second liquid storage tank, and a porous medium film is arranged between the first liquid storage tank and the second liquid storage tank, wherein the surface of the porous medium film is charged and has a double-layer shielding effect, realizing selective directional migration of ions to form an ion flux; The thickness of the double electric layer in the porous medium channel is the Debye length is represented as follows: ， where ε is the dielectric constant (F / m), R is the universal gas constant (J / (mol K)), T is the temperature (K), F is the Faraday constant (C mol), C i is the concentration of the i-th ion (mol / m 3 ), i z is the valence of the i-th ion.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first electrode is arranged in the first liquid storage tank, and the second electrode is arranged in the second liquid storage tank, and when the ions migrate directionally between the first liquid storage tank and the second liquid storage tank through the porous medium film, the electrons flow between the first electrode and the second electrode to form an output current.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The heat conduction module includes a heat conduction sheet, and the heat conduction sheet is provided with a heat dissipation groove.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The heat conduction sheet includes a graphite heat conduction sheet, silicone rubber, insulating heat conduction glue or heat conduction silicone grease.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The phase change material includes crystalline water and salt, paraffin, fatty acid or polyol.

6. A power generation method of the ion thermoelectric device based on phase change material for recycling waste heat of electronic components according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: S1: during the operation of the electronic components, the waste heat generated by the electronic components is conducted to the power generation module through the heat conduction module, so that a positive temperature difference is formed inside the power generation module to realize thermoelectric energy conversion, and at the same time, the waste heat generated by the electronic components is further conducted to the heat storage module; S2: during the non-operation of the electronic components, the heat storage module releases the stored waste heat and conducts it to the power generation module, so that a reverse temperature difference is formed inside the power generation module to realize thermoelectric energy conversion again.

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