Layout structure and transportation method of steep-slope long inclined shaft tunnel for transporting TBM

Abstract

The present invention discloses a steep, long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The structure comprises a steep, long inclined shaft section, a shaft body section, a shaft bottom section A, a shaft bottom section B, and a shaft bottom main tunnel; the steep, long inclined shaft section, a shaft body section, a shaft bottom section A, a shaft bottom main tunnel, and a shaft bottom section B are connected in sequence; the shaft bottom section B and the shaft bottom section A are located on either side of the shaft bottom main tunnel, respectively; the shaft bottom main tunnel comprises a main tunnel upstream section and a main tunnel downstream section; the intersections between the main tunnel upstream section and the main tunnel downstream section and the inclined shaft bottom section A and the inclined shaft bottom section B, respectively, form right-angle or obtuse-angle turning structures. The present invention has the advantage of enabling individual TBM components to be smoothly transported through a steep, long inclined shaft into an assembly chamber or transported out of a disassembly chamber through an inclined shaft. The present invention also discloses a TBM transportation method for a steep, long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting a TBM.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of inclined shaft transportation technology, and more specifically, to a long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting TBMs with steep gradients. This invention also relates to a TBM transportation method using the long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting TBMs. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, numerous water conservancy, transportation, and railway tunnels both domestically and internationally are developing towards large-section, deep-buried, long tunnels. TBMs (Tunnel Boring Machines) are widely used in the construction of such tunnels due to their advantages, including high construction speed, high safety, and civilized construction practices. However, considering limitations such as geological adaptability, tunnel construction organization, and schedule requirements, TBMs sometimes need to be assembled or disassembled within the tunnel body for transport. This ensures the equipment can excavate quickly and smoothly in the most suitable geological strata, maximizing the advantages of mechanized construction. To facilitate the smooth transport of TBM equipment inside the tunnel for assembly or disassembly and then out, construction adits are required as transport channels. However, due to limitations imposed by tunnel depth, topography, geology, and investment, construction adits are often forced to adopt a steep-slope, long-distance inclined shaft layout.

[0003] To meet the excavation requirements of large-section tunnels, the weight and size of individual TBM components, as well as the length and size of transport vehicles, will reach a new level. Taking a TBM with a cutterhead excavation diameter of 9.84m as an example, the weight of the cutterhead center block and main beam reaches 150t; the main drive assembly weighs 190t, with a width of 6.3m after loading; a section of the main beam reaches a height of 4.9m after loading; and the transport vehicle is 30m long. Due to the steep slope and long distance of the inclined shaft, and the slippery conditions caused by water seepage within the tunnel, conventional transportation methods cannot meet the requirements for transporting the TBM into the shaft.

[0004] To ensure that individual TBM components can be smoothly transported through steep, long inclined shafts to the assembly chamber or from the disassembly chamber to the outgoing chamber via inclined shafts, it is necessary to develop a steep, long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure and transportation method for transporting TBMs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The primary objective of this invention is to provide a long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting TBMs, enabling individual TBM components to be smoothly transported through the long inclined shaft to the assembly chamber or transported out from the disassembly chamber via the inclined shaft. This reduces the difficulty of transporting TBMs within the long inclined shaft, improves the efficiency of TBM assembly within the tunnel, shortens the assembly period within the tunnel, and thus leverages the advantages of TBM mechanical construction.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for transporting TBMs using a long inclined shaft tunnel layout with a steep gradient.

[0007] To achieve the first objective of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting TBMs with a large gradient, characterized in that it includes an inclined shaft opening section, an inclined shaft body section, an inclined shaft bottom A section, an inclined shaft bottom B section, and a main shaft bottom tunnel; the inclined shaft opening section, the inclined shaft body section, the inclined shaft bottom A section, the main shaft bottom tunnel, and the inclined shaft bottom B section are connected sequentially;

[0008] Section B at the bottom of the inclined shaft and Section A at the bottom of the inclined shaft are located on both sides of the main shaft at the bottom, and form a certain angle with the main shaft at the bottom;

[0009] The main tunnel at the bottom of the well includes the upstream section and the downstream section of the main tunnel;

[0010] The intersections between the upstream section of the main tunnel and the bottom sections A and B of the inclined shaft are all right-angle or obtuse-angle turning structures.

[0011] The intersections between the downstream section of the main tunnel and the bottom sections A and B of the inclined shaft are all right-angle or obtuse-angle turning structures.

[0012] The axial plane positions of the inclined wellhead section, the inclined well body section, and the inclined well bottom section A are on the same straight line, and the inclined well bottom section B forms a certain angle with the inclined well body section.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the axis of section A at the bottom of the inclined shaft forms an acute angle with the axis of the upstream section of the main tunnel and an obtuse angle with the axis of the downstream section of the main tunnel.

[0014] The axis of section B at the bottom of the inclined shaft forms an acute angle with the axis of the upstream section of the main tunnel and an obtuse angle with the axis of the downstream section of the main tunnel.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the wellhead section of the inclined shaft consists of a gentle slope section and a variable slope section; the variable slope section is connected to the gentle slope section and the shaft body section, respectively.

[0016] The longitudinal slope of the gentle slope section at the wellhead is within 5%; the length of the gentle slope section at the wellhead is greater than or equal to 20m.

[0017] The slope section at the wellhead is a circular curve with a vertical radius greater than or equal to 200m.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the inclined shaft section is a steep slope and long distance inclined shaft; the inclined shaft section adopts a structure with a slope to the bottom, with a longitudinal slope of -14.3° (-25.5%) and a length of 1432m.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the bottom section A of the inclined shaft consists of a bottom slope section and a bottom horizontal section; the bottom slope section is connected to the shaft body section and the bottom horizontal section, respectively.

[0020] The slope section at the bottom of the well is a circular curve with a vertical radius greater than or equal to 200m.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the bottom section B of the inclined shaft is longitudinally horizontal, and the bottom elevation is the same as that of the horizontal section at the bottom of the inclined shaft.

[0022] The net cross-sectional dimensions of section B at the bottom of the inclined shaft must meet the requirements for the TBM heavy-duty transport vehicle to reverse, change lanes, and turn around.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the cross-sections of the inclined shaft wellhead section, the inclined shaft body section, the inclined shaft bottom section A, and the inclined shaft bottom section B are all archway-shaped;

[0024] The upstream and downstream sections of the main tunnel adopt a portal-shaped cross-section during TBM transportation. After the TBM construction is completed and the tunnel is transported out of the well, it is backfilled with concrete to form a circular cross-section.

[0025] To achieve the second objective of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A TBM transportation method for a long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure with a steep gradient for transporting TBMs, characterized by comprising the following steps...

[0026] The transport vehicle group consists of a front transport vehicle and two rear counterweight vehicles forming a whole;

[0027] Step 1: Transporting goods down the well;

[0028] When transporting goods down the mine, the front transport vehicle and the two rear counterweight vehicles simultaneously open the lowest gear and the maximum exhaust brake to control the speed of the transport vehicle group down the mine within a safe and reasonable range.

[0029] Step Two: Calculation and Analysis of Downhole Transportation;

[0030] Assume the total weight of the transport vehicle group consisting of the front transport vehicle and the two rear counterweight vehicles is M, where the towing capacity of the front transport vehicle is F1 and the towing capacity of each rear counterweight vehicle is F2.

[0031] The longitudinal slope of the inclined shaft section is α, the static friction coefficient between the rubber tire and the bottom plate of the inclined shaft is μ, the gravitational acceleration is g, and the maximum driving speed of the transport vehicle in the inclined shaft section is 5 km / h.

[0032] Under sudden braking, the transport vehicle's braking system fully engages within 3 seconds, all wheels lock up, and the acceleration a is 0.46 m / s. 2 / s; The underground transport vehicle group simultaneously meets the following conditions:

[0033] (a) Under static conditions: Mgsinα<μMgcosα, μ is taken as 0.75 in dry state and 0.45 in wet state at the bottom of the inclined shaft;

[0034] (b) Under uniform downhill conditions: Mgsinα<F1+2×F2;

[0035] (c) Under sudden braking conditions: Mgsinα + Ma < μMgcosα;

[0036] Step 3: Turn at the intersection;

[0037] After the transport vehicle enters the horizontal section at the bottom of the inclined shaft, it disconnects from the two rear counterweight vehicles. The transport vehicle then passes through the intersection of the horizontal section at the bottom of the inclined shaft with the upstream and downstream sections of the main tunnel, and directly transports the TBM heavy components to the assembly chamber in the main tunnel.

[0038] After unloading in the assembly chamber, the transport vehicle reverses into section B at the bottom of the inclined shaft, then changes lanes and drives into section A at the bottom of the inclined shaft. After straightening its direction, it exits the shaft.

[0039] The two rear counterweight vehicles reverse into section B at the bottom of the inclined shaft, then change lanes and drive forward into section A at the bottom of the inclined shaft, and exit the shaft after straightening their direction;

[0040] Step 4: Empty vehicle exits the well;

[0041] The transport vehicle in front drove into the inclined shaft section empty and then exited the shaft uphill. The two counterweight vehicles behind drove out of the tunnel separately.

[0042] Assume the unloaded weight of the transport vehicle 7 ahead is m1; the rolling friction coefficient between the rubber tires and the drying bottom plate of the inclined shaft is taken as 0.02;

[0043] Assuming the traction force of the transport vehicle ahead is F3, the unloaded transport vehicle exiting the well satisfies: F3>m1gsinα+0.02×m1gcosα;

[0044] Similarly, the two rear counterweight vehicles, including the counterweights, should also meet the above-mentioned exit requirements. That is, assuming the weight of each rear counterweight vehicle is m2; the rolling friction coefficient between the rubber tires and the dry bottom plate of the inclined shaft is taken as 0.02; assuming the traction force of each rear counterweight vehicle is F4, the unloaded exit of each rear counterweight vehicle satisfies: F4>m2gsinα+0.02×m2gcosα.

[0045] In the above technical solution, in step three, when the front transport vehicle turns at the intersection, the outline of the intersection of the horizontal section at the bottom of the inclined shaft with the upstream section and the downstream section of the main tunnel is transitioned at a right angle or an obtuse angle, and the safe distance between the tunnel wall and the widest transport component on the front transport vehicle is 50cm.

[0046] In the above technical solution, the front transport vehicle is composed of a transport vehicle tractor connected to a hydraulic flatbed truck; the rear counterweight vehicle is composed of a counterweight vehicle tractor connected to a hydraulic flatbed truck through a pusher to form a whole; the two rear counterweight vehicles are connected by a pusher.

[0047] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0048] (1) The layout structure of the long inclined shaft tunnel for transporting TBMs with large gradients can meet the needs of large and extra-long vehicles for transporting heavy TBM components into the shaft to turn smoothly, reverse, change lanes and turn around, and ensure the transportation needs of TBM heavy components to be assembled and disassembled in the shaft.

[0049] (2) Due to the steep slope and long distance of the inclined shaft, and the slippery phenomenon caused by water seepage in the tunnel, the use of a front and rear traction type of transport vehicle group for down-shaft transportation can control the down-shaft speed of the TBM heavy equipment transport vehicle group within a safe and reasonable range, overcoming the problem that conventional single-head drive vehicles cannot meet the transportation needs of steep slopes and long inclined shafts.

[0050] (3) Section B at the bottom of the inclined shaft and Section A at the bottom of the inclined shaft are located on both sides of the main tunnel at the bottom of the shaft, and intersect at right angles or obtuse angles with the driving direction of the TBM transport vehicle in the main tunnel. Heavy TBM components can be directly transported to the assembly chamber in the main tunnel, avoiding the disassembly and assembly of the transport vehicle and the transfer of TBM parts, thereby achieving the purpose of saving construction time and costs. In the long inclined shaft with a longitudinal slope of -14.3° (-25.5%) and a length of 1432m, the tunnel layout structure and transportation method of the present invention can save about 20 days of construction time and about 700,000 yuan in disassembly, assembly and transfer costs when transporting an open TBM with a diameter of 9.84m in a long inclined shaft with a longitudinal slope of -14.3° (-25.5%). Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the steeply sloped long inclined shaft tunnel for transporting the TBM according to the present invention.

[0052] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal view of the steeply sloped long inclined shaft tunnel for transporting the TBM according to the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a typical cross-sectional view of the wellhead section and the shaft section of the inclined shaft in this invention.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a typical cross-sectional view of section A at the bottom of the inclined shaft in this invention.

[0055] Figure 5 This is a typical cross-sectional view of section B at the bottom of the inclined shaft in this invention.

[0056] Figure 6 This is a typical cross-sectional view of the upstream and downstream sections of the main tunnel in this invention.

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the TBM heavy equipment transportation in the well of this invention.

[0058] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the TBM inclined shaft transport vehicle turning and exiting the tunnel intersection under heavy load in this invention.

[0059] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the TBM inclined shaft transport vehicle turning and exiting the tunnel intersection when unloaded, according to the present invention.

[0060] Figure 10 This is a process flow diagram of the TBM transportation method in this invention.

[0061] In the diagram: 1 - Inclined shaft head section, 1.1 - Shaft head gentle slope section, 1.2 - Shaft head slope changing section, 2 - Inclined shaft body section, 3 - Inclined shaft bottom section A, 3.1 - Shaft bottom slope changing section, 3.2 - Shaft bottom horizontal section, 4 - Inclined shaft bottom section B, 5 - Upstream section of the main tunnel, 6 - Downstream section of the main tunnel, 7 - Forward transport vehicle, 7.1 - Transport vehicle tractor, 7.2 - Hydraulic flatbed truck, 8 - Rear counterweight vehicle, 8.1 - Counterweight vehicle tractor, 8.2 - Jacking device, 9 - Transport vehicle group. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these descriptions do not constitute a limitation of the present invention and are merely illustrative. The advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through this description.

[0063] Referring to the attached drawings, a long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting TBMs with a large gradient includes an inclined shaft opening section 1, an inclined shaft body section 2, an inclined shaft bottom section A 3, an inclined shaft bottom section B 4, and a main shaft bottom tunnel; the inclined shaft opening section 1, the inclined shaft body section 2, the inclined shaft bottom section A 3, the main shaft bottom tunnel, and the inclined shaft bottom section B 4 are connected sequentially;

[0064] Section B4 and Section A3 at the bottom of the inclined shaft are located on both sides of the main shaft at the bottom, and form a certain angle with the main shaft at the bottom.

[0065] The main tunnel at the bottom of the well includes the upstream section 5 and the downstream section 6.

[0066] The intersections of the upstream section 5 of the main tunnel with the bottom sections A and B of the inclined shaft are all right-angle or obtuse-angle turning structures.

[0067] The intersections of the downstream section 6 of the main tunnel with the bottom sections A and B of the inclined shaft are all right-angle or obtuse-angle turning structures; this is to meet the requirement that the TBM can turn from the horizontal section 3.2 at the bottom of the inclined shaft to enter the main tunnel during the transportation of heavy items, and at the same time facilitate the construction of the intersections; after the excavation of the above intersections, steel arch frames and shotcrete anchors are used for initial support, and reinforced concrete is used for secondary lining support in a timely manner;

[0068] The inclined shaft wellhead section 1, inclined shaft body section 2, and inclined shaft bottom section A 3 are aligned in a straight line, and the inclined shaft bottom section B 4 forms a certain angle with the inclined shaft body section 2 (e.g., ...). Figure 1 , Figure 2 (As shown). Section B4 at the bottom of the inclined shaft in this invention is used for reversing, which makes the reversing process smooth, eliminates the need for transportation, saves labor and time, and reduces engineering costs; it overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies that require transportation during the reversing process, which is labor-intensive and time-consuming.

[0069] Furthermore, the axis of section A3 at the bottom of the inclined shaft forms an acute angle with the axis of the upstream section 5 of the main tunnel and an obtuse angle with the axis of the downstream section 6 of the main tunnel (e.g., Figure 1 (As shown); The angle between the axis of section B4 at the bottom of the inclined shaft and the transport direction of the TBM in the main tunnel is obtuse, so as to meet the requirements of the TBM heavy-duty transport vehicle 7 for reversing, turning around and steering;

[0070] The axis of section B4 at the bottom of the inclined shaft forms an acute angle with the axis of section 5 upstream of the main tunnel and an obtuse angle with the axis of section 6 downstream of the main tunnel (e.g., Figure 1 (As shown).

[0071] Furthermore, the net cross-sectional dimensions of the inclined shaft head section 1 must simultaneously meet the passage requirements of the widest and tallest dimensions of a single TBM component;

[0072] The inclined shaft wellhead section 1 consists of a gentle slope section 1.1 and a variable slope section 1.2; the variable slope section 1.2 is connected to the gentle slope section 1.1 and the inclined shaft body section 2, respectively.

[0073] The longitudinal slope of the wellhead gentle slope section 1.1 is within 5%; the length of the wellhead gentle slope section 1.1 is greater than or equal to 20m;

[0074] The wellhead slope transition section 1.2 is a circular curve with a vertical radius greater than or equal to 200m; the wellhead gentle slope section 1.1 transitions to the wellbore steep slope section 2 (e.g., the wellhead slope transition section 1.2) through the wellhead slope transition section 1.2. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it meets the requirements of the TBM large-item underground transport vehicle group to adapt to steeper slopes.

[0075] Furthermore, the net cross-sectional dimensions of the inclined shaft section 2 must meet the requirements for the widest and highest dimensions of a single TBM component on the transport vehicle 7 in front (e.g., Figure 3 (as shown);

[0076] Section 2 of the inclined shaft is a steep and long inclined shaft. Section 2 of the inclined shaft adopts a structure with a slope to the bottom, with a longitudinal slope of -14.3° (-25.5%) and a length of 1432m.

[0077] Furthermore, the bottom section A 3 of the inclined shaft is composed of the bottom slope section 3.1 and the bottom horizontal section 3.2; the bottom slope section 3.1 is connected to the inclined shaft body section 2 and the bottom horizontal section 3.2 respectively; the bottom main tunnel is connected to the bottom horizontal section 3.2 and the bottom section B 4 of the inclined shaft respectively.

[0078] The bottom slope section 3.1 is a circular curve with a vertical radius greater than or equal to 200m; the inclined shaft section 2 transitions to the bottom horizontal section 3.2 through the bottom slope section 3.1, which meets the requirement of the TBM large-item transport vehicle group to adapt to steeper slopes.

[0079] The net cross-sectional dimensions of the horizontal section 3.2 at the bottom of the well, in addition to meeting the requirements for the passage of a single TBM component on the transport vehicle 7, must also meet the needs of slag removal and equipment / material entry for the upstream section 5 and downstream section 6 of the main tunnel; the width and height of the horizontal section 3.2 at the bottom of the well can be appropriately enlarged based on the inclined shaft section 2 (e.g., Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 (As shown).

[0080] Furthermore, section B4 at the bottom of the inclined shaft is longitudinally horizontal, and its bottom elevation is the same as that of the horizontal section 3.2 at the bottom of the inclined shaft;

[0081] The net cross-sectional dimensions of section B4 at the bottom of the inclined shaft must meet the requirements for reversing, changing lanes, and turning around of the TBM heavy-duty transport vehicle 7 (e.g., Figure 1 , Figure 5 (As shown).

[0082] Furthermore, the cross-sections of inclined shaft opening section 1, inclined shaft body section 2, inclined shaft bottom section A 3, and inclined shaft bottom section B 4 are all of the city gate type;

[0083] The upstream section 5 and downstream section 6 of the main tunnel adopt a portal-shaped cross-section during TBM transportation. After the TBM construction is completed and the tunnel is transported out of the shaft, the cross-section will be backfilled with concrete to a circular cross-section (e.g., Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 (As shown).

[0084] As can be seen from the attached drawings: the TBM transportation method for the steep gradient long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure used for transporting TBMs, such as... Figure 10 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0085] Based on the component breakdown of the TBM equipment, the oversized and overweight parts are mainly the cutterhead center block, the main drive assembly, and the main beam, with the heaviest and widest component being the main drive assembly. For example, in an open-type TBM with a cutterhead diameter of 9.84m, the main drive assembly weighs approximately 190t and is about 6.3m wide after loading. Due to the steep slope and long distance of the inclined shaft, and the slippery conditions caused by water seepage inside the shaft, a transport vehicle group 9 with a front-to-rear traction structure is adopted for underground transportation. That is, the transport vehicle group 9 consists of a front transport vehicle 7 and two rear counterweight vehicles 8 forming a whole (e.g., Figure 7 (As shown); TBM components are placed on the front transport vehicle 7;

[0086] Step 1: Transporting goods down the well;

[0087] When transporting goods down the mine, the front transport vehicle 7 and the two rear counterweight vehicles 8 simultaneously engage the lowest gear and maximum exhaust brake to control the descent speed of the transport vehicle group 9 within a safe and reasonable range. The tractor unit 7.1 of the front transport vehicle 7 can be a Sinotruk Howo 540 horsepower truck, and the hydraulic flatbed truck 7.2 can be a 12-axle hydraulic flatbed truck (Tianjie or Shiyun professional automobile brands). The tractor units of the two rear counterweight vehicles 8 can be Mercedes-Benz Actros 4160 heavy trucks.

[0088] Step Two: Calculation and Analysis of Downhole Transportation;

[0089] Assume that the total weight of the vehicle and cargo in the transport vehicle group 9, consisting of the front transport vehicle 7 (towing capacity F1) and the two rear counterweight vehicles 8 (single towing capacity F2), is M (including the counterweight of the two rear counterweight vehicles).

[0090] The longitudinal slope of the inclined shaft section 2 is α (degrees), the static friction coefficient between the rubber tire and the bottom plate of the inclined shaft is μ, the gravitational acceleration is g, and the maximum driving speed of the transport vehicle 7 in the inclined shaft section 2 is 5km / h (1.39m / s).

[0091] Under sudden braking, the braking system of transport vehicle group 9 fully engages within 3 seconds, all wheels lock up, and the acceleration a is 0.46m. 2 / s; The underground transport vehicle group 9 should simultaneously meet the following conditions:

[0092] (a) Under static conditions: Mgsinα<μMgcosα. According to "Automotive Tire Science" (by Zhuang Jide) and "Automotive Theory" (by Yu Zhisheng), μ is taken as 0.75 in the dry state and 0.45 in the wet state of the inclined shaft bottom plate.

[0093] (b) Under uniform downhill conditions: Mgsinα<F1+2×F2;

[0094] (c) Under sudden braking conditions: Mgsinα + Ma < μMgcosα;

[0095] Step 3: Turn at the intersection;

[0096] After the forward transport vehicle 7 enters the horizontal section 3.2 at the bottom of the inclined shaft, it disconnects from the two rear counterweight vehicles 8. The forward transport vehicle 7 then transports the TBM heavy components directly to the main tunnel assembly chamber (e.g., at the intersection of the horizontal section 3.2 at the bottom of the inclined shaft and the upstream section 5 and downstream section 6 of the main tunnel) via the intersection of the horizontal section 3.2 at the bottom of the inclined shaft and the upstream section 5 and downstream section 6 of the main tunnel. Figure 8 (as shown);

[0097] After unloading in the TBM assembly chamber, the transport vehicle 7 reverses into section B4 at the bottom of the inclined shaft, then changes lanes and drives forward into section A3 at the bottom of the inclined shaft. After straightening its direction, it exits the shaft. To prevent the tunnel walls at intersections from encroaching on the outer trajectory of the empty transport vehicle 7, the outlines of the intersections of section A3 and section B4 at the bottom of the inclined shaft with sections 5 and 6 upstream of the main tunnel are transitioned at right angles or obtuse angles, ensuring a safe distance of 50cm between the tunnel walls and the empty transport vehicle 7. Figure 9 (as shown);

[0098] The two rear counterweight vehicles 8 also reversed into section B 4 at the bottom of the inclined shaft, then changed lanes and drove forward into section A 3 at the bottom of the inclined shaft, and exited the shaft after straightening their direction;

[0099] Step 4: Empty vehicle exits the well;

[0100] The transport vehicle 7, unloaded, drove into the inclined shaft section 2 and then exited the shaft uphill. The two counterweight vehicles 8 behind drove separately to the inclined shaft opening section and then drove out of the shaft.

[0101] Assume the unloaded weight of the transport vehicle 7 ahead is m1; according to "Automotive Tire Science" (by Zhuang Jide) and "Automotive Theory" (by Yu Zhisheng), the rolling friction coefficient between the rubber tire and the dry bottom plate of the inclined shaft is taken as 0.02;

[0102] Assuming the traction force of the forward transport vehicle 7 is F3, the forward transport vehicle 7 should satisfy the following when leaving the well unloaded: F3>m1gsinα+0.02×m1gcosα;

[0103] Similarly, the two rear counterweight vehicles 8, including the counterweights, should also meet the above-mentioned exit requirements. That is, assuming the weight of each rear counterweight vehicle 8 is m2; the rolling friction coefficient between the rubber tires and the dry bottom plate of the inclined shaft is taken as 0.02; assuming the traction force of each rear counterweight vehicle 8 is F4, the unloaded exit of each rear counterweight vehicle 8 should satisfy: F4>m2gsinα+0.02×m2gcosα.

[0104] Furthermore, the front transport vehicle 7 is composed of a transport vehicle tractor unit 7.1 connected to a hydraulic flatbed truck 7.2; the rear counterweight vehicle 8 is composed of a counterweight vehicle tractor unit 8.1 connected to the hydraulic flatbed truck 7.2 via a pusher 8.2 to form a whole; the two rear counterweight vehicles 8 are connected by a pusher 8.2 (e.g., Figure 7 (As shown).

[0105] Example

[0106] The present invention will now be described in detail using the example of its application in the transportation of a TBM project. This will also provide guidance for the application of the present invention in the transportation of other TBMs.

[0107] Transporting an open-type TBM with a diameter of 9.84m within a long inclined shaft with a longitudinal slope of -14.3° (-25.5%) and a length of 1432m, the shaft section has a net cross-sectional dimension of 8.0m × 6.5m (width × height). The heaviest and widest component of the TBM is the main drive assembly, weighing approximately 190t and having a width of 6.3m after loading. The tallest component is a section of the main beam, with a height of 4.9m after loading. A total of 92 trips are required to transport the TBM down the shaft. Under the same conditions, the construction period using existing tunnel layout structures and transportation methods is approximately 75 days, while the construction period using the tunnel layout structure and transportation method of this invention is 55 days. Therefore, compared to existing technologies, this invention can save approximately 20 days in disassembly, assembly, and relocation time, and save approximately 700,000 yuan in project costs.

[0108] All other unspecified parts belong to the prior art.

Claims

1. A transportation method for a long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure with a steep gradient used for transporting TBMs, characterized in that: It includes the inclined shaft head section (1), the inclined shaft body section (2), the inclined shaft bottom section A (3), the inclined shaft bottom section B (4), and the main shaft bottom tunnel; the inclined shaft head section (1), the inclined shaft body section (2), the inclined shaft bottom section A (3), the main shaft bottom tunnel, and the inclined shaft bottom section B (4) are connected in sequence; Section B (4) at the bottom of the inclined shaft and Section A (3) at the bottom of the inclined shaft are located on both sides of the main tunnel at the bottom of the shaft. The main tunnel at the bottom of the shaft includes the upstream section (5) and the downstream section (6) of the main tunnel. The intersections of the upstream section (5) of the main tunnel with the bottom sections A (3) and B (4) of the inclined shaft are all right-angle or obtuse-angle turning structures. The intersections of the downstream section (6) of the main tunnel with the bottom sections A (3) and B (4) of the inclined shaft are all obtuse angle turning structures; The axial plane positions of the inclined wellhead section (1), the inclined well body section (2), and the inclined well bottom section A (3) are on the same straight line, and the inclined well bottom section B (4) forms a certain angle with the inclined well body section (2); The axis of section A (3) at the bottom of the inclined shaft forms an acute angle with the axis of the upstream section (5) of the main tunnel and an obtuse angle with the axis of the downstream section (6) of the main tunnel. The axis of section B (4) at the bottom of the inclined shaft forms an acute angle with the axis of the upstream section (5) of the main tunnel and an obtuse angle with the axis of the downstream section (6) of the main tunnel. The longitudinal slope of the steep inclined shaft tunnel is -14.3° and the length is 1432m. The transport TBM is an oversized component with a transport weight of approximately 190t and a width of 6.3m after loading. The transportation method includes the following steps: The transport vehicle group (9) consists of a front transport vehicle (7) and two rear counterweight vehicles (8) forming a whole; Step 1: Transporting goods down the well; When transporting goods down the well, the front transport vehicle (7) and the two rear counterweight vehicles (8) simultaneously open the lowest gear and the maximum exhaust brake to control the down-the-well speed of the transport vehicle group (9) within a safe and reasonable range. Step Two: Calculation and Analysis of Downhole Transportation; Assume that the total weight of the vehicle and cargo in the transport vehicle group (9) consisting of the front transport vehicle (7) and the two rear counterweight vehicles (8) is M, where the towing capacity of the front transport vehicle (7) is F1 and the towing capacity of each rear counterweight vehicle (8) is F2. The longitudinal slope of the inclined shaft section (2) is α, the static friction coefficient between the rubber tire and the bottom plate of the inclined shaft is μ, the gravitational acceleration is g, and the maximum driving speed of the transport vehicle (7) in the inclined shaft section (2) is 5km / h. Under sudden braking, the braking system of the transport vehicle (9) fully engages within 3 seconds, all wheels lock up, and the acceleration a is 0.46 m. 2 / s; The underground transport vehicle group (9) simultaneously meets the following conditions: (a) Under static conditions: Mgsinα<μMgcosα, μ is taken as 0.75 in dry state and 0.45 in wet state at the bottom of the inclined shaft; (b) Under uniform downhill conditions: Mgsinα<F1+2×F2; (c) Under sudden braking conditions: Mgsinα + Ma < μMgcosα; Step 3: Turn at the intersection; After the forward transport vehicle (7) enters the bottom horizontal section (3.2) of the inclined shaft, it disconnects from the two rear counterweight vehicles (8). The forward transport vehicle (7) passes through the intersection of the bottom horizontal section (3.2) of the inclined shaft with the upstream section (5) and the downstream section (6) of the main tunnel, and directly transports the TBM heavy components to the assembly chamber of the main tunnel. After unloading in the assembly cave, the transport vehicle (7) reverses into section B (4) at the bottom of the inclined shaft, then changes lanes and drives into section A (3) at the bottom of the inclined shaft. After straightening the direction, it exits the shaft. Two rear counterweight vehicles (8) enter the bottom B section (4) of the inclined shaft in reverse, then change lanes and drive forward into the bottom A section (3) of the inclined shaft, and exit the shaft after straightening the direction; Step 4: Empty vehicle exits the well; The transport vehicle (7) drove into the inclined shaft section empty and then went uphill to exit the shaft. The two counterweight vehicles (8) behind drove out of the tunnel separately. Assume the empty weight of the transport vehicle (7) ahead is The rolling friction coefficient between the rubber tire and the dry bottom plate of the inclined shaft is taken as 0.

02. Assuming the traction force of the forward transport vehicle (7) is F3, the forward transport vehicle (7) exiting the well empty satisfies: ; Assume the weight of each rear counterweight vehicle (8) is The rolling friction coefficient between the rubber tires and the dry bottom plate of the inclined shaft is taken as 0.02; Assuming the traction force of each rear counterweight vehicle (8) is F4, the unloaded exit of each rear counterweight vehicle (8) from the shaft should meet the following requirements: .

2. The transportation method for a steeply sloped long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting TBMs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined shaft wellhead section (1) consists of a wellhead gentle slope section (1.1) and a wellhead variable slope section (1.2); the wellhead variable slope section (1.2) is connected to the wellhead gentle slope section (1.1) and the inclined shaft body section (2) respectively; The longitudinal slope of the gentle slope section (1.1) at the wellhead is within 5%; the length of the gentle slope section (1.1) at the wellhead is greater than or equal to 20m; The wellhead slope section (1.2) is a circular curve with a vertical radius greater than or equal to 200m.

3. The transportation method for a steeply sloped long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting TBMs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inclined shaft section (2) is a steep and long inclined shaft; the inclined shaft section (2) adopts a structure with a slope to the bottom.

4. The transportation method for a steep gradient long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting TBMs according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom section A (3) of the inclined shaft consists of a bottom slope section (3.1) and a bottom horizontal section (3.2); the bottom slope section (3.1) is connected to the shaft body section (2) and the bottom horizontal section (3.2) respectively; The bottom slope section (3.1) is a circular curve with a vertical radius greater than or equal to 200m.

5. The transportation method for a steep gradient long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting TBMs according to claim 4, characterized in that: Section B (4) at the bottom of the inclined shaft is longitudinally horizontal, and its bottom elevation is the same as that of the horizontal section (3.2) at the bottom of the inclined shaft. The net cross-sectional dimensions of section B (4) at the bottom of the inclined shaft must meet the requirements for reversing, changing lanes and turning around of the TBM heavy-duty transport vehicle (7).

6. The transportation method for a steeply sloped long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting TBMs according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the inclined shaft opening section (1), the inclined shaft body section (2), the inclined shaft bottom section A (3), and the inclined shaft bottom section B (4) are all of the city gate type. The upstream section (5) and downstream section (6) of the main tunnel adopt a gate-shaped cross-section during TBM transportation. After the TBM construction is completed and the tunnel is transported out of the well, concrete is used to backfill the circular cross-section.

7. The transportation method for a steep gradient long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting TBMs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, when the front transport vehicle (7) turns at the intersection, the outline of the intersection of the horizontal section (3.2) at the bottom of the inclined shaft with the upstream section (5) and the downstream section (6) of the main tunnel is transitioned at a right angle or an obtuse angle, and the safe distance between the tunnel wall and the widest transport component on the front transport vehicle (7) is 50cm.

8. The transportation method for a steeply sloped long inclined shaft tunnel layout structure for transporting TBMs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front transport vehicle (7) is composed of a transport vehicle tractor (7.1) and a hydraulic flatbed truck (7.2); the rear counterweight vehicle (8) is composed of a counterweight vehicle tractor (8.1) and a hydraulic flatbed truck (7.2) connected together by a pusher (8.2); the two rear counterweight vehicles (8) are connected by a pusher (8.2).

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