One-control two-gear transmission shift fluid control device and its working method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a shift fluid control device and a working method thereof for a one-control-two-speed transmission, including a housing, a driver, a planetary gear set, a fluid control device, and a clutch assembly. The fluid control device is outside the housing but communicates with the driver inside the housing. The driver includes a piston, and its pushing end is connected to the clutch assembly. The clutch assembly is connected to the planetary gear set through a clutch drum and a clutch hub respectively. This one-control-two-speed transmission shift fluid control device does not require a complex TCU, sensors, and proportional valves, is not affected by the response time of pneumatic control components, and has a fast shifting speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of planetary gear transmissions, and is a shift fluid control device for a one-control-two-speed transmission and its working method. Background Art

[0002] Currently, whether in the field of traditional automotive or new energy vehicle transmissions, the circuits and software for controlling the shifting of transmissions are usually complex, and one or more pressure sensors, speed sensors, proportional valves, or fast on-off valves need to be configured. This not only results in high costs and large space occupation, but also complex control during the shifting process, long shifting times, and the risk of related signals being interfered. Once a failure occurs, it can cause problems such as shifting shocks and jerks at best, and at worst, burning of friction plates, damage to the shifting mechanism or even the transmission. This not only affects driving comfort but also the service life of the transmission. With the development of new energy vehicles, a one-control-two-linkage interlock shifting mechanism is of great significance for reducing the cost and volume of the transmission and improving shifting performance, but the corresponding device and control method for controlling the fluid need to be further improved and perfected. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a shift fluid control device for a one-control-two-speed transmission and its working method, which is not only reasonable in structure but also stable in performance.

[0004] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is: a shift fluid control device for a one-control-two-speed transmission, including a housing, a driver, a planetary gear set, a fluid control device, and a clutch assembly. The fluid control device is outside the housing but communicates with the driver inside the housing. The driver includes a piston, and its pushing end is connected to the clutch assembly. The clutch assembly is connected to two components of the planetary gear set through a clutch drum and a clutch hub respectively.

[0005] Further, the right end of the piston is the pushing end, and a ratchet of the clutch assembly is provided at its right end. The ratchet is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing. A clutch drum is installed on the right side of the ratchet, and a pressure plate is provided on the right side of the clutch drum. The pressure plate is slidably connected to the clutch drum through at least two positioning pins. One end of the positioning pin is fixedly connected to the clutch drum or the pressure plate, and the other end is slidably connected to one of the non-fixed components.

[0006] Further, a baffle is provided at the bottom right end of the pressure plate to limit its rightward movement. A friction pair is provided on the upper right side of the pressure plate. The friction pair includes a friction plate and a mating plate. The friction plate is slidably connected to the clutch hub, and the mating plate is slidably connected to the clutch drum. At least one set of friction pairs is provided, and a snap ring is provided at the right end of the right-side mating plate to limit its rightward movement.

[0007] Furthermore, a second elastic body is provided between the clutch drum and the pressure plate, and two ends of the second elastic body are respectively abutted against the clutch drum and the pressure plate; bearings are provided between the ratchet and the clutch drum and between the pressure plate and the baffle plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the clutch assembly further includes a ratchet device, the ratchet device includes a pawl, a ratchet and a first elastic member. The pawl is columnar. One end face of the pawl cooperating with the ratchet is a combination of a partial plane and a partial inclined plane, and the other end face of the pawl is a plane. A blind hole for installing the first elastic member is provided on this end face. One end of the first elastic member abuts against the inside of the blind hole, and the other end abuts against a pawl hole provided on the surface of the pressure plate. A limiting groove is provided on the surface of the pawl near the blind hole end to limit the axial movement of the pawl within a certain range.

[0009] Furthermore, on the outer periphery of the pawl, the side near the plane is a high-side blocking surface, and the side near the inclined plane is a low-side blocking surface; on the end face of the pressure plate near the pawl, at least one pawl hole is provided along its circumferential direction. The pawl hole is a stepped blind hole, and the pawl holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pressure plate; on the end face of the ratchet opposite to the pawl, pawl mating holes or end face ratchet teeth corresponding to the plane and the inclined plane of the pawl are provided. Preferably, they are mating holes. The number of mating holes is equal to or an integer multiple of the number of pawls on the pressure plate. A number of the pawl mating holes are provided and are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the ratchet. An inclined surface corresponding to the inclined end of the pawl is provided at the edge of the pawl mating hole near the clutch drum side, and the mating holes and the pawls are in one-to-one correspondence at the mating positions.

[0010] Furthermore, the driver includes a piston chamber, and the piston is disposed in the piston chamber and contacts the inner wall of the piston chamber through a sleeved sealing ring.

[0011] Furthermore, the fluid control device includes an energy storage device, a filter, a solenoid valve and corresponding fluid flow pipelines. The fluid enters the piston chamber from the energy storage device through the filter and the solenoid valve in sequence.

[0012] Furthermore, the planetary gear set includes a sun gear, a planet carrier and a ring gear. The input shaft can be connected to any one of the components in the planetary gear set for input, and the output shaft can be connected to any remaining component for output.

[0013] The working method of the shift fluid control device for a one-control two-speed transmission is carried out according to the following steps: S1: First, after the solenoid valve is energized, it is in a pressurized state. The pressurized fluid flows from the energy storage device through the filter, the P port of the solenoid valve to the A port, through the fluid circulation pipeline and the fluid inlet and outlet into the piston chamber, and pushes the piston to move to the right; S2: Select the method of sun gear input and planetary carrier output. During the rightward movement of the piston, the ratchet is pushed to move to the right. After the ratchet contacts the bearing and the bearing contacts the clutch drum at the same time, the clutch drum is pushed to move to the right, so that the pawl can be inserted into the mating hole of the ratchet. If the pawl is not aligned with the mating hole in the static state, when the input shaft rotates, the clutch drum will be driven to rotate by the planetary gear set to align the pawl with the mating hole. Thus, under the elastic force of the first elastic body, the pawl is inserted into the mating hole, and the planetary gear set component slidably connected to the clutch drum is braked by the housing through the clutch drum, the pawl and the ratchet. At the same time, the clutch assembly moves to the right, and the pressure plate is blocked by the baffle. The rightward movement of the clutch drum disengages the clutch; S3: At this time, according to the forward or reverse rotation of the input shaft, the transmission will be in the first gear or reverse gear state. The solenoid valve is de-energized and in a pressure relief state. The piston returns to its original position, and the clutch drum gradually moves to the left. When the left side surface of the clutch drum can exceed the low-side blocking surface of the pawl, the edge of the pawl hole on the ratchet can push the pawl to squeeze the first elastic body, so that the pawl can retract, without affecting the forward relative rotation of the ratchet and the clutch drum. On the other hand, the clutch gradually engages. During the engagement process of the clutch and before it is fully compressed, the clutch slips. When the slip force is greater than the reverse rotation force of the ring gear on the clutch drum, the planetary gear set component slidably connected to the clutch drum gradually rotates forward from zero speed and accelerates continuously, and the braking of the planetary gear set component slidably connected to the clutch drum is gradually released. S4: As the clutch drum moves to the left, the pawl and the mating hole are gradually separated until they are completely separated, and the friction pair is gradually compressed until the clutch is fully compressed and no longer slips. Thus, the sun gear and the planetary gear set component slidably connected to the clutch drum rotate at the same speed and hold the planetary carrier at the same speed, and the transmission ratio is 1:1, and the transmission smoothly shifts from the first gear to the second gear; S5: The solenoid valve is energized again, the piston moves to the right, and the clutch assembly moves to the right. When the pressure plate is blocked by the baffle, the ratchet applies a rightward pressure to the clutch drum through the bearing, offsetting part of the elastic force of the second elastic body on the clutch drum, and reducing the pressure on the friction pair through the right-side mating plate. When the pressure of the clutch drum on the friction pair is small enough not to compress the friction plate, the clutch slips. As the clutch slips, the acting force of the clutch drum on the planetary gear set component slidably connected to the clutch drum gradually decreases, and the rotational speed of the planetary gear set component slidably connected to the clutch drum gradually decreases;The clutch drum continues to gradually move rightward, and the clutch gradually disengages. When the rotational speed of the planetary gear train component that is slidably connected to the clutch drum decreases to zero and then reverses or has a tendency to reverse, and when the pawl is exactly opposite the mating hole, the high-side blocking surface of the pawl will be blocked by the corresponding blocking surface of the mating hole, preventing the clutch drum from reversing. Thus, the planetary gear train component that is slidably connected to the clutch drum is braked by the housing through the clutch drum, the pawl, and the ratchet. Subsequently, the friction pair is completely disengaged, and the low-side blocking surface of the pawl can expose the left side surface of the clutch drum. The planetary gear train component that is slidably connected to the clutch drum is braked in both forward and reverse directions. According to the kinematics principle of planetary gears, for a single planetary gear train, with the sun gear as the input, the planetary gear train component that is slidably connected to the clutch drum being braked, and the planet carrier as the output, the output speed ratio is the largest. At this time, the transmission shifts down to the first gear.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. In terms of hardware, there is no need to be equipped with complex TCU, sensors, proportional valves, etc. Only an electromagnetic valve power switch is added on the basis of the original controller. In terms of software, there is no need for a complex control program. Only by adding upshift and downshift conditions to the existing VCU control strategy can smooth shifting be achieved, saving costs and the installation space of the transmission.

[0016] 2. During the shifting process, there is no need to wait for program scanning, and it is not affected by the response time of control components, so the shifting speed is faster.

[0017] 3. The shifting process is not affected by factors such as signal interference, system operation time, and the coordinated operation of pneumatic control components, so the shifting effect is more stable.

[0018] 4. Without complex TCU hardware and software, the number of fault points is significantly reduced.

[0019] The following further elaborates on the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pawl in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the ratchet in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the forward rotation of the pawl in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-disc wet friction plate brake.

[0025] In the figure: 1 - housing, 2 - driver, 3 - planetary gear set, 4 - fluid control device, 5 - clutch assembly, 6 - piston, 7 - clutch hub, 8 - ratchet, 9 - clutch drum, 10 - pressure plate, 11 - positioning pin, 12 - baffle plate, 13 - friction pair, 14 - friction plate, 15 - mating plate, 16 - second elastomer, 17 - bearing, 18 - pawl, 20 - first elastic member, 21 - blind hole, 22 - limiting groove, 23 - high-side blocking surface, 24 - low-side blocking surface, 25 - mating hole, 26 - energy storage device, 27 - filter, 28 - solenoid valve, 29 - fluid flow pipeline, 30 - piston chamber, 31 - sealing ring, 32 - input shaft, 33 - output shaft, 34 - snap ring, 35 - sun gear, 37 - planet carrier, 38 - ring gear, 39 - plane, 40 - inclined plane, 41 - first intake pipeline, 42 - second intake pipeline, 43 - intake port P, 44 - working port A, 45 - exhaust port R, 46 - exhaust pipeline, 47 - silencer. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] To make the above features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments are given below and described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a one-control two-speed transmission shift fluid control device includes a housing 1, a driver 2, a planetary gear set 3, a fluid control device 4, and a clutch assembly 5. The fluid control device is outside the housing but communicates with the driver inside the housing. The driver includes a piston 6, and its pushing end is connected to the clutch assembly. The clutch assembly is slidably connected to the ring gear of the planetary gear set through a clutch drum and fixedly connected to the sun gear through a clutch hub.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present invention, the right end of the piston is the pushing end, and a ratchet 8 of the clutch assembly is provided at its right end. The ratchet is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing. A clutch drum 9 is installed on the right side of the ratchet, and a pressure plate 10 is provided on the right side of the clutch drum. The pressure plate is slidably connected to the clutch drum through at least two positioning pins 11. One end of the positioning pin is fixedly connected to the clutch drum or the pressure plate, and the other end is slidably connected to one of the non-fixed components.

[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, a baffle plate 12 is provided at the bottom of the right end of the pressure plate to limit its rightward movement. A friction pair 13 is provided on the upper side of the right end of the pressure plate. The friction pair includes a friction plate 14 and a mating plate 15. The friction plate is slidably connected to the clutch hub, and the mating plate is slidably connected to the clutch drum. The right-end mating plate is slidably connected to the clutch drum through an outer spline. At least one set of friction pairs is provided, and a snap ring 34 is provided at the right end of the right-side mating plate to limit its rightward movement.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, a second elastic body 16 is provided between the clutch drum and the pressure plate. Both ends of the second elastic body are respectively abutted against the clutch drum and the pressure plate. To ensure reliable installation of the second elastic body and reduce the axial length of the clutch, second elastic body holes can be provided at corresponding positions on the clutch drum and the pressure plate; bearings 17 are provided between the ratchet and the clutch drum, and between the pressure plate and the baffle. Alternatively, the contact surfaces during shifting can be machined into smooth planes to reduce the frictional force during shifting. Preferably, bearings are provided.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present invention, the clutch assembly further includes a ratchet device. The ratchet device includes a pawl 18, a ratchet 8, and a first elastic member 20. The pawl is columnar. One end surface of the pawl that cooperates with the ratchet is a combination of a partial plane 39 and a partial inclined surface 40. The other end surface of the pawl is a plane, and a blind hole 21 for installing the first elastic member is provided on this end surface. One end of the first elastic member abuts against the inside of the blind hole, and the other end abuts against a pawl hole provided on the surface of the pressure plate. A limiting groove 22 is provided on the surface of the pawl near the blind hole end to limit the axial movement of the pawl within a certain range.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, on the outer periphery of the pawl, the side near the plane is a high-side blocking surface 23, and the side near the inclined surface is a low-side blocking surface 24; on the end surface of the pressure plate near the pawl, at least one pawl hole is provided along its circumferential direction. The pawl hole is a stepped blind hole, and the pawl holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pressure plate; on the end surface of the ratchet opposite to the pawl, pawl mating holes 25 corresponding to the plane and inclined surface of the pawl are provided. The number of pawl holes is equal to or an integer multiple of the number of pawls. The pawl mating holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the ratchet. An inclined surface corresponding to the end inclined surface of the pawl is provided at the edge of the pawl mating hole near the clutch drum side, and two blocking surfaces opposite to the pawl are provided in the rotational direction of the pawl mating hole.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first elastic body and the second elastic body include, but are not limited to, compression springs, shrapnel, disc springs, wave springs, and rubber. Preferably, compression springs are used. The elastic forces generated by the maximum compression amount and the minimum compression amount after installation of the first elastic body can ensure that the ratchet is quickly pushed to the left in place. The elastic force of the minimum compression amount of the second elastic body is greater than the requirement for the engagement of the multi-plate clutch.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, the driver includes a piston chamber 30. The piston is disposed in the piston chamber and contacts the inner wall of the piston chamber through a sleeved sealing ring 31.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present invention, the fluid control device includes an energy storage device 26, a filter 27, a solenoid valve 28, and a corresponding fluid flow pipeline 29. The fluid sequentially passes through the filter and the solenoid valve from the energy storage device and enters the piston chamber. The energy storage device is a gas storage tank, the filter is an air filter, and the solenoid valve is a normally closed two-way three-way valve; the gas storage tank is interconnected with the air filter through a first inlet pipeline 41, the air filter is interconnected with the inlet port P43 of the solenoid valve through a second inlet pipeline 42, the working port A44 of the solenoid valve is interconnected with the ventilation port through a working pipeline, the gas enters and exits the piston chamber from the ventilation port, and the exhaust port R45 of the solenoid valve is connected and interconnected with a muffler 47 through an exhaust pipeline 46. All interconnections meet the sealing requirements, and the capacity of the gas storage tank and the pressure of the stored compressed gas meet the shifting requirements.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present invention, the flow capacity of the pipeline and the corresponding components through which the gas passes from the gas storage tank to the piston chamber is large enough, and the flow capacity of at least one of the components and pipelines from the piston chamber to the muffler is appropriately small. Preferably, the exhaust pipeline is appropriately small, and the flow capacity of the exhaust pipeline is less than the flow capacity of all pressurized pipelines and components.

[0037] In an embodiment of the present invention, the planetary gear set includes a sun gear 35, a planet carrier 37, and a ring gear 38. The input shaft 32 can be connected to any component of the planetary gear set for input, and the output shaft 33 can be connected to any remaining component for output. The transmission gear in this embodiment is a single planetary gear set structure. The transmission shaft includes an input shaft and an output shaft. The input shaft is fixedly connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear set, and the output shaft is fixedly connected to the planet carrier of the planetary gear set. The ring gear that rotates in the reverse direction during idling is slidably connected to the inner spline of the right coupling plate through the outer spline, and the clutch hub is fixedly connected to the sun gear.

[0038] A working method of a one-control-two-speed transmission shifting fluid control device, which is carried out according to the following steps:

[0039] 1. After the vehicle is started (READY state), after the controller is powered on, the solenoid valve switch is turned on. After the solenoid valve is powered on, it is in a ventilation state. Compressed gas sequentially passes through the first inlet pipeline, the air filter, the second inlet pipeline, the P port to the A port of the solenoid valve, the working pipeline, and the ventilation port and enters the piston chamber, pushing the piston to move to the right.

[0040] 2. The piston moves rightwards and pushes the ratchet to move rightwards. The ratchet and the bearing, and the bearing and the clutch drum contact at the same time and push the clutch assembly to move rightwards. The pressure plate is blocked by the baffle through the bearing, and the ratchet continues to move rightwards, so that the pawl can be inserted into the dual hole of the ratchet. If the pawl is not aligned with the dual hole in the static state, the input shaft will drive the clutch drum to rotate through the planetary gear when it rotates so that the pawl is aligned with the dual hole. Thus, the pawl is inserted into the dual hole under the elastic force of the first elastic body, and the high-side blocking surface and the low-side blocking surface of the pawl can be blocked by the corresponding blocking surface of the dual hole, so that the gear ring is braked by the housing through the clutch drum, the pawl and the ratchet. At the same time, the clutch drum continues to move rightwards to disengage the clutch.

[0041] 3. At this time, if the input shaft reverses, the sun gear will reverse, the ring gear will brake, and the planet carrier will drive the output shaft to reverse. According to the kinematic principle of planetary gears, the speed ratio is the largest at this time, which is the first gear ratio. The vehicle reverses at the first gear ratio, that is, the transmission is in reverse gear;

[0042] 4. At this time, if the input shaft rotates forward, the sun gear rotates forward, the ring gear brakes, and the planet carrier drives the output shaft to rotate forward. According to the kinematic principle of planetary gears, the speed ratio is the largest at this time, which is the first gear. The vehicle moves forward at the first gear ratio, that is, the transmission is in the first gear state;

[0043] 5. When the vehicle advances to a certain speed at the first gear speed ratio and other relevant parameters also meet the conditions for shifting up, the controller disconnects the solenoid valve power switch. At this time, the solenoid valve is in a pressure relief state. The gas in the piston cavity is gradually discharged from the vent through the working pipeline, the solenoid valve port A to port R, the bleed pipeline, and the muffler. The piston gradually moves leftward and returns to its initial position under the direct and indirect external forces of the return spring and the second elastic body. In the process of the piston returning to its initial position, the pressure of the piston on the clutch drum through the ratchet and the bearing gradually decreases. When it decreases to less than the elastic force of the second elastic body on the clutch drum, the clutch drum gradually moves leftward. When the left side of the clutch drum can exceed the low-side blocking surface of the ratchet, the ratchet on the ratchet The edge of the hole can push the pawl to squeeze the first elastic body, so that the pawl can retreat without affecting the forward relative rotation of the ratchet and the clutch drum. On the other hand, the clutch is gradually engaged. In the process of clutch engagement and when it is not fully compressed, the clutch slips. When the sliding force is greater than the reverse rotation force of the ring gear on the clutch drum, the ring gear gradually rotates forward from zero speed and accelerates continuously, and the ring gear brake is gradually released; then, as the clutch drum moves to the left, the pawl and the dual hole are gradually separated to completely separated, and the friction pair is gradually compressed until the clutch is fully compressed and no longer slips, so that the sun gear and the ring gear have the same rotation speed and hold the planet carrier at the same rotation speed, the transmission ratio is 1:1, and the transmission smoothly shifts from the first gear to the second gear;

[0044] 6. When the vehicle is running in the second gear, when the speed drops to a certain level and other parameters also meet the downshift conditions, the controller turns on the solenoid valve switch. At this time, the solenoid valve is energized and in the intake state. Compressed gas flows from the air storage tank through the first intake pipeline, filter, second intake pipeline, the intake port P of the solenoid valve to the working port A, and the working pipeline enters the piston cavity from the vent port to push the piston to move rightward;

[0045] 7. During the rightward movement of the piston, the ratchet is pushed to move rightward, thereby pushing the clutch assembly to move rightward. When the pressure plate is blocked by the baffle, the ratchet applies a rightward pressure to the clutch drum through the bearing, offsetting part of the elastic force of the second elastic body on the clutch drum, and reducing the pressure on the friction pair through the right-side mating plate. When the pressure of the clutch drum on the friction pair is small enough not to compress the friction plate tightly, the clutch slips. During the clutch slip process, the acting force of the clutch drum on the gear ring gradually decreases, and under the action of other components of the planetary gear set, the forward rotation speed of the gear ring gradually decreases; when the pressure of the piston on the clutch drum through the ratchet and bearing is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic body on the clutch drum, the clutch drum continues to move rightward gradually. Under the action of the first elastic body, the high-side blocking surface of the pawl can expose the left side surface of the clutch drum, but due to the low-side blocking surface during the shifting process not exposing the left side surface of the clutch drum, the forward rotation of the clutch drum will not be blocked, and the gear ring can continue to rotate forward. As the clutch drum moves rightward, the clutch gradually disengages. When the forward rotation speed of the gear ring decreases to zero and reverses or has a reverse tendency, and when the pawl is exactly opposite to the mating hole, the high-side blocking surface of the pawl will be blocked by the corresponding blocking surface of the mating hole, preventing the clutch drum from reversing. Thus, the gear ring is braked by the housing through the clutch drum, pawl, and ratchet. Subsequently, the friction pair is completely separated, and the low-side blocking surface of the pawl can expose the left side surface of the clutch drum, and the gear ring is braked in both forward and reverse directions. According to the planetary gear kinematics principle, for a single planetary gear set, with the sun gear as the input, the gear ring braked, and the planet carrier as the output, the output speed ratio is the largest. At this time, the transmission drops to the first gear;

[0046] 8. To ensure a smoother shifting process and consistent power before and after shifting, without "jerks" and sudden "lunges", when the control strategy of the whole vehicle is such that the throttle opening is proportional to the motor output torque, in the case of shifting from the first gear to the second gear, during the upshift process, the controller controls the motor torque to gradually increase from the torque before shifting (set as T, speed ratio as n) to nT. After shifting, the throttle opening resumes to be proportional to the motor torque. In the case of shifting from the second gear to the first gear, during the downshift process, the controller controls the motor torque to gradually decrease from the torque T before shifting to T / n; when the control strategy of the whole vehicle is such that the throttle opening is proportional to the motor output power, no intervention is required for the motor output torque during the shifting process.

[0047] As shown in the Figure 5 attachment, by simply replacing the structure of this device, a multi-disc wet friction plate brake is formed.

[0048] If the present invention discloses or involves components or structural parts that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (for example, using bolts or screws), or it can also be understood as: a non-detachable fixed connection (for example, riveting, welding). Of course, the fixed connection to each other can also be replaced by an integral structure (for example, manufactured integrally by a casting process) (except when it is clearly impossible to use the integral forming process).

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0050] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned best implementation mode. Anyone can obtain other various forms of the one-control two-speed transmission shift fluid control device and its working method under the inspiration of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-control two-speed transmission shift fluid control device, comprising a housing, a driver, a planetary gear set, a fluid control device, and a clutch assembly, characterized in that: The fluid control device is outside the housing but communicates with a driver inside the housing. The driver includes a piston, and its pushing end is connected to a clutch assembly. The clutch assembly is respectively connected to a planetary gear set through a clutch drum and a clutch hub. The right end of the piston is the pushing end, and a ratchet of the clutch assembly is provided at its right end. The ratchet is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing. A clutch drum is installed on the right side of the ratchet, and a pressure plate is provided on the right side of the clutch drum. The pressure plate is slidably connected to the clutch drum through at least two positioning pins. One end of the positioning pin is fixedly connected to the clutch drum or the pressure plate, and the other end is slidably connected to one of the non-fixed components. The clutch assembly further includes a ratchet device. The ratchet device includes a pawl, a ratchet, and a first elastic member. The pawl is columnar. One end face of the pawl that cooperates with the ratchet is a combination of a partial plane and a partial inclined plane, and the other end face of the pawl is a plane. A blind hole for installing the first elastic member is provided on this end face. One end of the first elastic member abuts against the blind hole, and the other end abuts against a pawl hole provided on the surface of the pressure plate. A limiting groove is provided on the surface of the pawl near the blind hole end to limit the pawl to only move axially.

2. The shift fluid control device of the one-control two-speed transmission according to claim 1, wherein: A baffle is provided at the bottom of the right end of the pressure plate to limit its rightward movement. A friction pair is provided on the upper side of the right end of the pressure plate. The friction pair includes a friction plate and a mating plate. The friction plate is slidably connected to the clutch hub, and the mating plate is slidably connected to the clutch drum. At least one set of friction pairs is provided. A snap ring is provided at the right end of the right-side mating plate to limit its rightward movement.

3. The one-control two-gear transmission shift fluid control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second elastic member is provided between the clutch drum and the pressure plate, and both ends of the second elastic member respectively abut against the clutch drum and the pressure plate.

4. The one-control two-gear transmission shift fluid control device according to claim 1, wherein: One side of the outer periphery of the pawl near the plane is a high-side blocking surface, and one side near the inclined plane is a low-side blocking surface. At least one pawl hole is provided on the end face of the pressure plate near the pawl along its circumferential direction. The pawl hole is a stepped blind hole, and the pawl holes correspond to the pawls one by one. The pawl holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pressure plate. On the end face of the ratchet opposite to the pawl, pawl mating holes corresponding to the plane and the inclined plane of the pawl are provided. The pawl mating holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the ratchet. An inclined surface corresponding to the inclined end of the pawl is provided at the edge of the pawl mating hole near the clutch drum side. The pawl mating holes correspond to the mating positions of the pawls one by one.

5. The shift fluid control device of the one-control two-speed transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driver includes a piston chamber. The piston is arranged in the piston chamber and contacts the inner wall of the piston chamber through a sleeved sealing ring.

6. The shift fluid control device of the one-control two-speed transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid control device includes an energy storage device, a filter, a solenoid valve, and corresponding fluid circulation pipelines. The fluid enters the piston chamber from the energy storage device through the filter and the solenoid valve in sequence.

7. The shift fluid control device of the one-control two-speed transmission according to claim 1, wherein: The planetary gear set includes a sun gear, a planetary carrier, and a ring gear. The input shaft is connected to any one component of the planetary gear set for input, and the output shaft is connected to any remaining component for output.

8. A working method of a shifting fluid control device for a one-control two-speed transmission, characterized in that, A one-control two-speed transmission shift fluid control device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, and the following steps are performed: S1: first, the solenoid valve is in a pressurized state after being energized, and the pressure fluid enters the piston chamber from the energy storage device through the filter, the P port to the A port of the solenoid valve, the fluid flow pipeline, the fluid inlet and outlet, and pushes the piston to move right; S2: A single planetary gear is selected with a sun gear input and a planetary carrier output. The piston moves rightward during the process of moving the piston to move right. The ratchet wheel and the bearing, and the bearing and the clutch drum contact at the same time and push the clutch assembly to move right. The pressure plate is blocked by the baffle through the bearing, and the ratchet wheel continues to move rightward so that the pawl is inserted into the dual hole of the ratchet wheel. If the pawl is not aligned with the dual hole in the static state, the input shaft will drive the clutch drum to rotate through the planetary gear when it rotates so that the pawl is aligned with the dual hole, so that the pawl is inserted into the dual hole under the elastic force of the first elastic member, so that the planetary gear member slidingly connected with the clutch drum passes through the clutch drum and the ratchet. The ratchet wheel is braked by the housing, and at the same time, the clutch drum moves rightward to disengage the clutch; S3: At this time, according to the forward or reverse rotation of the input shaft, the transmission will be in the first gear or reverse gear state, the solenoid valve is powered off and in the pressure relief state, the piston returns, and the clutch drum gradually moves left. When the left side of the clutch drum exceeds the low-side blocking surface of the ratchet, the edge of the ratchet hole on the ratchet wheel pushes the ratchet wheel to squeeze the first elastic member, causing the ratchet wheel to retreat, without affecting the forward relative rotation of the ratchet wheel and the clutch drum. On the other hand, the clutch gradually engages. During the clutch engagement process and when it is not fully compressed, the clutch slips and wears. When the sliding friction force is greater than the reverse rotation force of the planetary gear member slidably connected to the clutch drum on the clutch drum, the planetary gear member slidably connected to the clutch drum gradually rotates forward from zero speed and accelerates continuously, and the brake of the planetary gear member slidably connected to the clutch drum is gradually released. S4: As the clutch drum moves to the left, the ratchet pawl and the dual hole gradually separate to completely separate, and the friction pair is gradually pressed until the clutch is completely pressed and no longer slides, so that the sun gear and the planetary gear member slidably connected to the clutch drum have the same rotation speed and clamp the planet carrier at the same rotation speed, the transmission ratio is 1:1, and the transmission smoothly shifts from the first gear to the second gear; S5: The solenoid valve is energized again, the piston moves right, and the clutch assembly moves right. When the pressure plate is blocked by the baffle, the ratchet applies rightward pressure to the clutch drum through the bearing, offsetting part of the elastic force of the second elastic member on the clutch drum, and reducing the pressure on the friction pair through the right dual plate. When the pressure of the clutch drum on the friction pair is too small to press the friction plate, the clutch slips. As the clutch slips, the force of the clutch on the planetary gear member slidably connected to the clutch drum gradually decreases, and the rotation speed of the planetary gear member slidably connected to the clutch drum gradually decreases;The clutch drum continues to gradually move rightward, and the clutch is gradually disengaged. When the speed of the planetary gear train component that is slidably connected to the clutch drum decreases to zero and reverses or has a reverse tendency, and when the pawl is exactly opposite the mating hole, the high-side blocking surface of the pawl will be blocked by the corresponding blocking surface of the mating hole, preventing the clutch drum from reversing. Thus, the planetary gear train component that is slidably connected to the clutch drum is braked by the housing through the clutch drum, the pawl, and the ratchet. Subsequently, the friction pair is completely disengaged, and the low-side blocking surface of the pawl exposes the left side surface of the clutch drum. The planetary gear train component that is slidably connected to the clutch drum is braked in both forward and reverse directions. According to the kinematic principle of planetary gears, for a single planetary gear train, with the sun gear as the input, the planetary gear train component that is slidably connected to the clutch drum being braked, and the planet carrier as the output, the output speed ratio is the largest. At this time, the transmission is shifted to the first gear.

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