Determining internal filtration rate within a capillary dialyzer

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to methods and devices for determining an internal filtration rate IFR within a capillary hemodialyzer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to methods and apparatus for determining the internal filtration rate (IFR) within a capillary hemodialysis machine. Background Technology

[0002] The difficulty in removing intermediate molecules from patients with end-stage renal disease represents one of the major challenges of hemodialysis. High concentrations of medium molecular weight (MW) solutes (such as β2-microglobulin, myoglobin, complement factor D, and polyclonal free light chains (κ-FLC and λ-FLC)) have been associated with key clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. In conventional hemodialysis, low MW solutes (e.g., urea and creatinine) are efficiently removed by diffusion, while the removal of MW solutes is typically achieved by superimposing convective transport on pure diffusion. It has been shown that using more water-permeable high-flux dialyzers and hemodialysis filtration to increase convective transport can enhance the clearance of MW solutes, but still leads to unsatisfactory clinical outcomes.

[0003] In EP 3 102 312 B1 and EP 3 102 314 B1, a new class of membranes (defined as media-controlled filtration (MCO)) and hemodialyzers incorporating such membranes are disclosed. Specific characteristics of MCO membranes include high molecular weight ... Compensating for internal filtration (IF) with a sufficient amount of back filtration (BF) also allows for the avoidance of complex setups and the use of fluid re-infusion, thus overcoming some of the practical problems of hemodialysis filtration.

[0004] A. Lorenzin et al. recently described a method for experimentally quantifying the rates of IF and BF applied to hemodialysis machines equipped with MCO membranes: “Quantification of internal filtration in hollow fiber hemodialyzers with medium cut-off membrane”, Blood Purif. 46 (2018) 196-204. However, experimental quantification of IF typically requires complex setups and is not cost-effective. Therefore, a simple and efficient method for determining the internal filtration rate (IFR) within a hemodialysis machine remains lacking. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides a method and apparatus for determining the internal filtration rate (IFR) within a capillary hemodialysis machine. The method requires only readily available information regarding the dimensions of the hemodialysis machine, the dimensions and physical parameters of the hollow fiber membrane present within the hemodialysis machine, and the flow rates of blood and dialysate through the hemodialysis machine. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 A schematic perspective view and cross-sectional detail view of a capillary hemodialyzer and the fluid flow within the hemodialyzer are shown.

[0007] Figure 2 A comparison is shown between the experimentally determined internal filtration rate and the internal filtration rate determined according to the method of this disclosure for a certain model of hemodialysis machine;

[0008] Figure 3 A comparison is shown between the experimentally determined internal filtration rate and the internal filtration rate determined according to the method of this disclosure for another model of hemodialyzer. Detailed Implementation

[0009] This disclosure provides a computer-implemented method for determining the internal filtration rate (IFR) within a capillary hemodialysis machine. The method includes:

[0010] i) Use a computer to obtain data on the physical properties of the hemodialyzer and the hollow fibers present in the hemodialyzer;

[0011] ii) Use a computer to obtain the blood flow rate Q through the hemodialysis machine during operation. B and dialysis flow rate Q D ;

[0012] iii) Use a computer to determine the internal filtration rate (IFR) of the hemodialysis machine based on the data obtained in steps i and ii.

[0013] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0014] iv) Use a computer to obtain data on the operating duration (TD) of the hemodialysis machine;

[0015] v) Using a computer, determine the total volume V of fluid exchanged through the walls of the hollow fiber membrane present in the hemodialysis machine during operation, based on the internal filtration rate (IFR) and the data obtained in step iv. tot .

[0016] In one particular embodiment, data regarding the physical properties of the hemodialyzer and the hollow fibers present in the hemodialyzer are obtained from a database associated with the operation of a computer's processor.

[0017] In one embodiment of the method, the database includes data on the physical properties of a plurality of different hemodialysis machines and the hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machines. For each of the plurality of different hemodialysis machines, such data may include: the diameter d of the hemodialysis machine shell. H The number of hollow fibers N in the hemodialyzer, the effective length L of the hollow fibers L in the hemodialyzer, and the total surface area A of the hollow fibers A in the hemodialyzer. tot The inner diameter d of the hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine B The wall thickness δ of the hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine M The porosity ε of the hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine M And the ultrafiltration coefficient K of the hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine. UF .

[0018] Additionally, the database may include information about blood viscosity μ. B and the viscosity of the dialysate μ D The data.

[0019] In another embodiment, data regarding the physical properties of the hemodialyzer and the hollow fibers present in the hemodialyzer and / or the blood flow rate Q through the hemodialyzer during operation of the hemodialyzer. B and dialysis flow rate Q D It is obtained from the input device associated with the operation of the computer's processor.

[0020] During operation, that is, when the hemodialysis machine is used in an external blood circuit to remove toxins from the blood, the hemodialysis machine operates at a blood flow rate Q. B Perfusing blood at a dialysate flow rate Q DPerfusion of dialysate. Internal filtration rate (IFR) and the total volume V of fluid exchanged through the walls of the hollow fiber membrane present in the hemodialysis unit. tot As the blood flow rate Q through the hemodialysis machine B and dialysate flow rate Q D And change.

[0021] In one embodiment, the input device includes a contactless reader. In one particular embodiment, the contactless reader is an optical reader that acquires data from a barcode or QR code present on the hemodialysis machine. In another particular embodiment, the contactless reader is a sensor that acquires data from an RFID or NFC tag present on or within the hemodialysis machine.

[0022] In another embodiment, the input device includes at least one user interface. In a particular embodiment, the user interface includes a keyboard or a touchscreen. In another embodiment of the system, the input device includes a graphical user interface (GUI). In a particular embodiment, the input device includes a touchscreen of a smartphone. The input device is used to manually input data about the physical properties of the hemodialysis machine and the hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine and / or the blood flow rate Q through the hemodialysis machine during operation of the hemodialysis machine. B and dialysis flow rate Q D .

[0023] In another embodiment, the input device includes an extracorporeal blood therapy device. The extracorporeal blood therapy device controls parameters of an extracorporeal blood circuit including a hemodialysis machine during operation (i.e., during the patient's treatment). When used as an input device for the methods of this disclosure, the extracorporeal blood therapy device provides data regarding the physical properties of the hemodialysis machine and the hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine, and / or the blood flow rate Q through the hemodialysis machine during operation of the hemodialysis machine. B and dialysis flow rate Q D In one embodiment of the method, the processor obtains the blood flow rate Q through the hemodialyzer during operation of the hemodialyzer from the extracorporeal blood therapy device (i.e., during actual treatment). B and dialysis flow rate Q D Real-time data, and optionally data regarding the operation duration TD. In another embodiment, the blood flow rate Q through the hemodialysis machine during operation is manually input via an input device. B and dialysis flow rate Q D And optionally, the duration of operation TD to simulate treatment.

[0024] In one embodiment of the method, data regarding the physical properties of the hemodialyzer and the hollow fibers present in the hemodialyzer include: the diameter d of the hemodialyzer shell.H The number of hollow fibers N in the hemodialyzer, the effective length L of the hollow fibers L in the hemodialyzer, and the total surface area A of the hollow fibers A in the hemodialyzer. tot The inner diameter d of the hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine B The wall thickness δ of the hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine M The porosity ε of the hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine M and the ultrafiltration coefficient K of the hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine UF .

[0025] In one embodiment of the method, the internal filtration rate (IFR) is determined according to the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] in

[0028] N is the number of hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine;

[0029] d B The inner diameter of the hollow fibers present in a hemodialysis machine;

[0030] J v (Z) Ultrafiltration flux through the membrane wall;

[0031] x i The position of the reversal point (J) v (x i ) = 0).

[0032] This equation can be rewritten as:

[0033]

[0034] in

[0035]

[0036] K UF The ultrafiltration coefficient of hollow fibers present in hemodialysis machines.

[0037] A tot The total membrane area (A) of hollow fibers present in a hemodialysis machine tot =Nπd B L),

[0038] ε M The membrane porosity of hollow fibers present in a hemodialysis machine;

[0039] P B (z) Blood pressure;

[0040] P D (z) Dialysis fluid pressure;

[0041] Π o Average oncotic pressure;

[0042] In another embodiment of the method, the internal filtration rate (IFR) is determined according to the following formula:

[0043]

[0044] in

[0045] N is the number of hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine;

[0046] d B The inner diameter of the hollow fibers present in a hemodialysis machine;

[0047]

[0048] K UF The ultrafiltration coefficient of hollow fibers present in hemodialysis machines.

[0049] A tot The total membrane area (A) of hollow fibers present in a hemodialysis machine tot =Nπd B L),

[0050] ε M The membrane porosity of hollow fibers present in a hemodialysis machine;

[0051] P B,out Blood pressure at the hemodialysis machine outlet;

[0052] P D,out The pressure of the dialysate at the outlet of the hemodialysis machine;

[0053] Π o Mean expansion pressure;

[0054] X i The position of the reversal point (J) v (x i )=0);

[0055] μ B Blood viscosity;

[0056] Q B Blood flow rate;

[0057] L is the effective length of the hollow fiber present in the hemodialysis machine;

[0058] v1 Jv(0);

[0059] v2 Jv(L);

[0060] μ D Dialysis fluid viscosity;

[0061] Q D Dialysis fluid flow rate;

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] R k =R o +δ ε ,

[0065] d B The inner diameter of the hollow fibers present in a hemodialysis machine.

[0066] δ M The wall thickness of the hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine,

[0067] δ ε Half the distance between adjacent hollow fibers in a hemodialysis machine.

[0068] In another embodiment of the method, some parameters in the above equations for IFR are calculated according to the following equations:

[0069] 1.

[0070] 2.

[0071] 3.

[0072] 4.

[0073] 5.

[0074] 6.

[0075] 7.

[0076] 8.

[0077] 9.

[0078] 10.

[0079] 11.

[0080] 12.

[0081] 13.

[0082] 14.

[0083] 15.

[0084] 16.

[0085] 17.

[0086] 18.

[0087] in

[0088] N is the number of hollow fibers present in the hemodialysis machine;

[0089] L is the effective length of the hollow fiber present in the hemodialysis machine;

[0090] d B The inner diameter of the hollow fibers present in a hemodialysis machine;

[0091] A tot The total membrane area (A) of hollow fibers present in a hemodialysis machine tot =Nπd B L);

[0092] UF net ultrafiltration flow rate;

[0093] K UF UF coefficient;

[0094] Q B Blood flow rate;

[0095] Q D Dialysis fluid flow rate;

[0096] P B,out Blood pressure at the hemodialysis machine outlet;

[0097] P D,out The pressure of the dialysate at the outlet of the hemodialysis machine;

[0098] Π o Mean expansion pressure;

[0099] μ B Blood viscosity;

[0100] μ D Dialysis fluid viscosity;

[0101] ε M Membrane porosity;

[0102] δ M Membrane thickness.

[0103] In one embodiment of the method, the total volume V of fluid exchanged through the wall of the hollow fiber membrane present in the hemodialysis machine during the operation duration TD of the hemodialysis machine is determined according to the following formula. tot :

[0104]

[0105] This disclosure also provides a system comprising:

[0106] a) A database, including data on the physical properties of multiple capillary hemodialyzers and the hollow fibers present therein; and / or

[0107] b) An input device configured to provide data on the physical properties of the capillary hemodialyzer and the hollow fibers present in the hemodialyzer, and / or to provide the blood flow rate and dialysis flow rate through the hemodialyzer during operation of the hemodialyzer;

[0108] c) An output device configured to output data received from a computer processor associated with the operation of the output device;

[0109] d) A computer processor, programmed to communicate with a database and / or input devices, and to communicate with output devices, wherein the processor is programmed to:

[0110] a. Obtain data from a database and / or input device.

[0111] b. Determine the internal flow rate (IFR) within the capillary hemodialysis machine based on the acquired data.

[0112] c. Optionally, determine the total volume V of fluid exchanged through the wall of the hollow fiber membrane present in the hemodialysis machine during operation of the hemodialysis machine. tot ;

[0113] d. The determined internal flow velocity IFR and, optionally, the total volume V of the exchanged fluid. tot Transmitted to the output device.

[0114] In one embodiment of the system, the input device, output device, and processor are included in a portable device. In one embodiment, the portable device is a portable computer, such as a laptop computer, tablet computer, or PDA. In another embodiment, the portable device is a mobile communication device, such as a smartphone.

[0115] In one embodiment of the system, the output device is a display device. Examples of suitable display devices include monitors, computer displays, and touchscreens. In a particular embodiment, the display device is the touchscreen of a smartphone.

[0116] In one embodiment of the system, the database resides in computer memory associated with computer processor operation. In another embodiment, the computer memory is contained in a portable device including input devices, output devices, and a processor. In yet another embodiment, the database resides in remote computer memory, a network drive, or cloud storage accessible via the Internet.

[0117] This disclosure also provides a computer program for instructing a computer processor to perform the following methods:

[0118] a. Obtain data from databases and / or input devices associated with processor operations;

[0119] b. Determine the internal filtration rate (IFR) within the capillary hemodialysis machine based on the acquired data;

[0120] c. Optionally, determine the total volume V of fluid exchanged through the wall of the hollow fiber membrane present in the hemodialysis machine during operation of the hemodialysis machine. tot ;

[0121] d. The determined internal flow velocity IFR and, optionally, the total volume V of the exchanged fluid. tot Transmitted to the output device associated with processor operation.

[0122] In one embodiment, the computer program takes the form of a software application (“app”) that can be installed and run on a smartphone.

[0123] This disclosure also provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium that includes a computer program.

[0124] It will be understood that, without departing from the scope of the invention, the above features and the features described below can be used not only in the specified combinations, but also in other combinations or individually.

[0125] The methods of this disclosure will now be further described in the following examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0126] Figure 1 A schematic perspective view and cross-sectional detail view of a capillary hemodialyzer 10 and the fluid flow within the hemodialyzer 10 are shown. The hemodialyzer 10 includes a bundle 20 of hollow fiber membranes 21. Figure 1The upper left corner shows a detail of the cross-section of the bundle 20, which has several hollow fiber membranes 21, each with a membrane wall 22. The blood flow and dialysate flow through the hemodialyzer 10 are indicated by arrows. Blood flows through a blood inlet located on the header of the hemodialyzer 10 at a blood flow rate Q. B,in The blood enters the hemodialyzer 10, flows through the lumen of the hollow fiber membrane 21 of the bundle 20, and exits through the blood outlet located on another manifold of the hemodialyzer 10 at a blood flow rate Q. B,out 10. Discharge the hemodialysis machine. The dialysate flows at a dialysate flow rate Q. D,in The dialysate enters the hemodialyzer 10 through an inlet located near one end of the hemodialyzer 10, flows through the space outside the hollow fiber membrane 21 of the bundle 20, and exits through an outlet located near the opposite end of the hemodialyzer 10 at a dialysate flow rate Q. D,out 10. Disembark from the hemodialysis machine. Figure 1 The upper right corner shows details of a longitudinal section of one of the hollow fiber membranes 21. The effective length of the hollow fiber membrane 21 is L, and the inner radius of the hollow fiber membrane 21 is d. B / 2, the thickness of membrane wall 22 is δ M The distance between the longitudinal axis of one hollow fiber membrane 21 and the longitudinal axis of the adjacent hollow fiber membrane 21 is 2*R. k , where R k =R o +δ ε , or R k =d B / 2+δ M +δ ε R o It is half the outer diameter of the hollow fiber membrane 21, and δ ε The distance is half the distance between two adjacent hollow fiber membranes 21. Blood flows within the lumen of the hollow fiber membrane 21, and dialysate flows outside the hollow fiber membrane 21, with ultrafiltration and flux J. v Permeable membrane wall 22.

[0127] Example 1

[0128] According to one embodiment of the method of this disclosure, a hemodialysis machine ( The internal filtration rate within 210H, GambroDialysatoren GmbH, 72379 Heisingen, Germany, was compared with the experimentally determined internal flow rate (from D. Schneditz et al.: “Internal filtration, filtration fraction, and blood flow resistance in high-and low-flux dialyzers”, Clin. Hemorheol. Microcirc. 58(2014) 455-469).

[0129] The following physical characteristics of the hemodialysis machine are used to determine this:

[0130] Hollow fiber inner diameter d B =215μm

[0131] ·Membrane wall thickness δ M =50μm

[0132] · Membrane porosity ε M =0.7

[0133] • Number of fibers N = 11,640

[0134] • Effective length L = 270mm

[0135] • Ultrafiltration coefficient K UF = 85ml / (h*mm Hg)

[0136] • The half-distance between adjacent fibers, δε, is 68.2 μm.

[0137] • The inner diameter of the hemodialysis machine housing, dH, is 48.7 mm.

[0138] Using blood viscosity μ B =5.2 mPas and dialysate viscosity μ D =0.96 mPas.

[0139] For a dialysate flow rate Q of 500 ml / min D And blood flow rates Q at 200 ml / min, 300 ml / min, 400 ml / min and 500 ml / min B Determine the internal filtration rate (IFR).

[0140] The values ​​of the following constant parameters are obtained as described above.

[0141] K = 0.119 μm 2 s / kg

[0142] R1 = 1.19

[0143] R² = 1.01

[0144] E1 = -285 MPas

[0145] E2 = -182 MPas

[0146] F2 = -159 MPa

[0147] ·G2=0.223m

[0148] The following shows that in Q D =500mL / min and different blood flow rates Q B The IFR below.

[0149] <![CDATA[Q B [ml / min]]> 200 300 400 500 IFR [ml / min] 15.4 23.1 30.7 38.4

[0150] Figure 2 A comparison is shown between the internal flow rate determined according to the method of this disclosure and the internal flow rate determined experimentally, which is taken from D. Schneditz et al., “Internal filtration, filtration fraction, and bloodflow resistance in high-and low-flux dialyzers”, Clin. Hemorheol. Microcirc. 58(2014)455-469.

[0151] Example 2

[0152] According to one embodiment of the method of this disclosure, a hemodialysis machine ( The internal filtration rate within GambroDialysatoren GmbH, 72379 Hesingen, Germany was compared with the experimentally determined internal flow rate (from A. Lorenzin et al.: “Quantification of Internal Filtration in Hollow Fiber Hemodialyzers with Medium Cut-off Membrane”, Blood Purif. 46 (2018) 196-204).

[0153] The following physical characteristics of the hemodialysis machine are used to determine this:

[0154] Hollow fiber inner diameter d B =180μm

[0155] ·Membrane wall thickness δ M =35μm

[0156] · Membrane porosity ε M =0.5

[0157] • Number of fibers N = 13,000

[0158] • Effective length L = 236 mm

[0159] • Ultrafiltration coefficient K UF = 48ml / (h*mm Hg)

[0160] • Half distance δ between adjacent fibers ε =41.9μm

[0161] • Inner diameter d of the hemodialysis machine housing H =38mm

[0162] Using blood viscosity μ B =5.0 mPas and dialysate viscosity μ D =0.96 mPas.

[0163] For a dialysate flow rate Q of 500 ml / min D And blood flow rates Q at 300 ml / min and 400 ml / min B Determine the internal filtration rate (IFR).

[0164] The values ​​of the following constant parameters are obtained as described above.

[0165] K = 0.116 μm 2 s / kg

[0166] R1 = 1.24

[0167] R² = 1.04

[0168] E1 = -335 MPa

[0169] E2 = -237 MPa

[0170] F2 = -206 MPa

[0171] ·G2=0.182m

[0172] The following shows that in Q D =500mL / min and different blood flow rates Q B The IFR below.

[0173] <![CDATA[Q B [ml / min]]> 300 400 IFR [ml / min] 26.7 41.6

[0174] Figure 3 A comparison is shown between the internal flow velocity determined according to the method of this disclosure and the internal flow velocity determined experimentally, which is taken from A. Lorenzin et al., “Quantification of Internal Filtration in Hollow Fiber Hemodialyzers with Medium Cut-off Membrane”, Blood Purif. 46 (2018) 196-204.

[0175] List of reference numerals

[0176] 10 Hemodialysis machines

[0177] 20 Hollow fiber membrane bundles

[0178] 21 Hollow fiber membrane

[0179] 22 Membrane wall

[0180] L is the length of the hollow fiber membrane.

[0181] δ M Membrane wall thickness

[0182] d B Inner diameter of hollow fiber membrane

[0183] R k The radius of the space occupied by the hollow fiber membrane

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method for determining the internal filtration rate (IFR) within a hemodialyzer using the dimensions of a capillary hemodialyzer (10), the dimensions and physical parameters of a hollow fiber membrane present in the hemodialyzer, and the flow rates of blood and dialysate through the hemodialyzer, the method comprising: i) Using a computer, data on the physical properties of the hemodialysis machine (10) and the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10) are obtained, including the diameter d of the shell of the hemodialysis machine (10). H The number N of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10), the effective length L of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10), and the total surface area A of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10). tot The inner diameter d of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) B The wall thickness δ of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) M The porosity ε of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) M and the ultrafiltration coefficient K of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10). UF ; ii) Using a computer to obtain the blood flow rate Q through the hemodialyzer (10) during operation of the hemodialyzer (10). B and dialysis flow rate Q D ; iii) Using a computer, determine the internal filtration rate (IFR) of the hemodialysis machine (10) based on the data obtained in steps i and ii, wherein the internal filtration rate (IFR) is determined according to the following formula: in N is present in the amount of hollow fiber membrane (21) in the hemodialyzer (10); d B The inner diameter of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10); K UF The ultrafiltration coefficient of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10), A tot The total membrane area (A) of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) tot =Nπd B L), ε M Membrane porosity of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10); P B,out Blood pressure at the hemodialysis machine outlet; P D,out The pressure of the dialysate at the outlet of the hemodialysis machine; Π o Mean expansion pressure; J v (Z) Ultrafiltration flux through the wall of the hollow fiber membrane (21); x i The position of the reversal point (J) v (x i )=0); μ B Blood viscosity; Q B Blood flow rate; L represents the effective length of the hollow fiber membrane (21) in the hemodialyzer (10); v1 Jv(0); v2 Jv(L); μ D Dialysis fluid viscosity; Q D Dialysis fluid flow rate; R k =R o +d ε , d B The inner diameter of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10), δ M The wall thickness of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10), δε is the thickness of the diffusion layer surrounding the hollow fiber membrane (21) in the hemodialyzer (10).

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: iv) Use a computer to acquire data on the operating duration TD of the hemodialysis machine (10); v) Use a computer to determine the total volume V of fluid exchanged through the wall (22) of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10) during operation, based on the internal filtration rate IFR and the data acquired in step iv. tot The total volume V is determined according to the following formula. tot :

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, Data on the physical properties of the hemodialyzer (10) and the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) were obtained from a database associated with the operation of a computer processor.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, Data on the physical properties of the hemodialyzer (10) and the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) and / or the blood flow rate and dialysis flow rate through the hemodialyzer (10) during operation of the hemodialyzer (10) are obtained from an input device associated with the operation of a computer processor.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The input device includes a contactless reader.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The input device includes at least one user interface.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The input device includes an extracorporeal blood therapy device.

8. A system for determining the internal filtration rate (IFR) within a hemodialysis machine, comprising: a) A database comprising data on the physical properties of multiple capillary hemodialyzers (10) and hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzers (10), the data including the diameter d of the shell of the hemodialyzer (10). H The number N of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10), the effective length L of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10), and the total surface area A of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10). tot The inner diameter d of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) B The wall thickness δ of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) M The porosity ε of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) M and the ultrafiltration coefficient K of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10). UF ; and / or b) An input device configured to provide data on the physical properties of the capillary hemodialyzer (10) and the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10), said data including the diameter d of the shell of the hemodialyzer (10). H The number N of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10), the effective length L of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10), and the total surface area A of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10). tot The inner diameter d of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) B The wall thickness δ of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) M The porosity ε of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) M and the ultrafiltration coefficient K of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10). UF ; and / or for providing the blood flow rate and dialysis flow rate through the hemodialyzer (10) during operation of the hemodialyzer (10); c) An output device configured to output data received from a computer processor associated with operation of the output device; d) A computer processor, programmed to communicate with a database and / or input devices, and to communicate with output devices, wherein the processor is programmed to: a. Obtain data from a database and / or input device, the data including the diameter d of the housing of the hemodialysis machine (10). H The number N of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10), the effective length L of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10), and the total surface area A of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10). tot The inner diameter d of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) B The wall thickness δ of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) M The porosity ε of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) M and the ultrafiltration coefficient K of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10). UF ; and / or the blood flow rate and dialysis flow rate through the hemodialyzer (10) during operation of the hemodialyzer (10), b. Determine the internal filtration rate (IFR) within the capillary hemodialysis unit (10) based on the acquired data, wherein the internal filtration rate (IFR) is determined according to the following formula: in N is present in the amount of hollow fiber membrane (21) in the hemodialyzer (10); d B The inner diameter of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10); K UF The ultrafiltration coefficient of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10), A tot The total membrane area (A) of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) tot =Nπd B L), ε M Membrane porosity of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10); P B,out Blood pressure at the hemodialysis machine outlet; P D,out The pressure of the dialysate at the outlet of the hemodialysis machine; Π o Mean expansion pressure; J v (Z) Ultrafiltration flux through the wall of the hollow fiber membrane (21); x i The position of the reversal point (J) v (x i )=0); μ B Blood viscosity; Q B Blood flow rate; L represents the effective length of the hollow fiber membrane (21) in the hemodialyzer (10); v1 Jv(0); v2 Jv(L); μ D Dialysis fluid viscosity; Q D Dialysis fluid flow rate; R k =R o +d ε , d B The inner diameter of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10), δ M The wall thickness of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10), δε represents the thickness of the diffusion layer surrounding the hollow fiber membrane (21) in the hemodialyzer (10). c. Optionally, determine the total volume V of fluid exchanged through the wall of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) during operation of the hemodialyzer (10). tot , The total volume V is determined according to the following formula. tot : d. The determined internal filtration rate IFR and the total volume V of fluid optionally exchanged. tot Transmitted to the output device.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein, Input devices, output devices, and processors are included in a mobile communication device.

10. The system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein, The input device is the graphical user interface (GUI) of a mobile communication device.

11. The system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein, The output device is a display device.

12. A computer program product for instructing a computer processor to perform the following methods: a. Obtain data from a database and / or input device associated with processor operation, the data including the diameter d of the housing of the hemodialysis machine (10). H The number N of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10), the effective length L of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10), and the total surface area A of hollow fiber membranes (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10). tot The inner diameter d of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) B The wall thickness δ of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) M The porosity ε of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) M and the ultrafiltration coefficient K of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10). UF ; and / or the blood flow rate and dialysis flow rate through the hemodialyzer (10) during operation of the hemodialyzer (10); b. Determine the internal filtration rate (IFR) within the capillary hemodialysis unit (10) based on the acquired data, wherein, The internal filtration rate (IFR) is determined according to the following formula: IFR=Nπd B K{(P B，out -P D，out -π0)x i in N is present in the amount of hollow fiber membrane (21) in the hemodialyzer (10); d B The inner diameter of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10); K UF The ultrafiltration coefficient of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10), A tot The total membrane area (A) of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) tot =Nπd B L), ε M Membrane porosity of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10); P B,out Blood pressure at the hemodialysis machine outlet; P D,out The pressure of the dialysate at the outlet of the hemodialysis machine; Π o Mean expansion pressure; J v (Z) Ultrafiltration flux through the wall of the hollow fiber membrane (21); x i The position of the reversal point (J) v (x i )=0); μ B Blood viscosity; Q B Blood flow rate; L represents the effective length of the hollow fiber membrane (21) in the hemodialyzer (10); v1 Jv(0); v2 Jv(L); μ D Dialysis fluid viscosity; Q D Dialysis fluid flow rate; R k =R o +d ε , d B The inner diameter of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10), δ M The wall thickness of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialysis machine (10), δε is the thickness of the diffusion layer surrounding the hollow fiber membrane (21) in the hemodialyzer (10); c. Optionally, determine the total volume V of fluid exchanged through the wall of the hollow fiber membrane (21) present in the hemodialyzer (10) during operation of the hemodialyzer (10). tot The total volume V is determined according to the following formula. tot : d. The determined internal filtration rate IFR and the total volume V of fluid optionally exchanged. tot Transmitted to the output device associated with processor operation.

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