A ramie combined harvester for fiber use

Abstract

The present invention discloses a combined ramie harvester for fiber, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery, which is a mechanical device for the primary processing of ramie fiber, and specifically relates to a combined ramie harvester. It mainly includes a cab, a ramie supporting device, a ramie cutting device, a conveying device, a stripping device, a storage device and a crawler drive device. The ramie supporting device and the ramie cutting device are arranged in the front of the harvester; the cab is arranged on the left front side of the harvester; the conveying device and the stripping device are alternately arranged on the right side of the harvester; the storage device is arranged on the left rear side of the harvester. The combined use of the ramie supporting device, the ramie cutting device, the conveying device, the stripping device and the storage device through linkage can realize the functions of automatic harvesting, stripping and storage of ramie. The present invention realizes the automatic harvesting of ramie, saves the labor force for the primary processing of ramie, has high production efficiency, can save a large amount of harvesting costs, and improves the economic benefits of ramie farmers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and is a mechanical device for primary processing of ramie fibers. Specifically, it relates to a ramie combined harvester. Background Art

[0002] Ramie is commonly known as "China grass" and is a special product and important cash crop in China. Ramie fiber is known as the "king of natural fibers", the ramie leaves are rich in nutrients, and the ramie stalks can be used instead of wood to manufacture fiberboards. However, ramie harvesting is seasonal, requires a lot of labor, and has a high labor intensity. Since there are certain technical difficulties in mechanically harvesting and processing ramie, so far, ramie harvesting and processing are still mainly carried out manually in a separate manner, with low production efficiency and high labor intensity. One method is to manually peel the ramie bark from the stalks in the field first, and then use a scutching machine to scrape off the epidermis. Another method is to manually cut the ramie stalks in the field first, and then use a machine to remove the ramie bones and epidermis, or manually peel the ramie bark from the stalks in the field first, and then use a machine to remove the epidermis. Due to the lack of ramie harvesting and ramie combined harvesting machines, the development of the ramie industry has been severely restricted.

[0003] Ramie is generally harvested three times a year. In the traditional manual harvesting method, the operation of harvesting ramie fiber accounts for more than three-fifths of the labor used in the entire production process, which is time-consuming and laborious, has a high labor intensity, requires high technical requirements, and the ramie leaves are discarded. The mechanized harvesting equipment is the key link in the production of ramie raw materials and feed, and is also one of the important factors affecting the development of ramie production towards large-scale industrialization. Therefore, to promote the efficient development of ramie production, the research and innovation of harvesting technology and harvesting machinery are particularly important.

[0004] In order to solve the problems of low efficiency and high labor intensity of manual harvesting, various types of ramie stripping machines and feed processing machines have been developed at home and abroad. This year, there have also been fiber-use and feed-use ramie harvesters introduced, but the technologies are not very mature. There is no ramie harvesting and stripping integrated combined harvester actually applied in production.

[0005] The prior art ZL200810046933.9 ramie combined harvester, which is relatively close to the present invention, can only complete stalk cutting and fiber stripping processing at one time. Moreover, its core technology, the two-way automatic decorticator, has defects such as easy blockage and entanglement of the baffle pins during continuous decortication, fiber damage in the fiber combing mechanism, and difficulty in unloading and collecting the vertically clamped fibers. The harvesting technology is not yet mature.

[0006] Another prior art ramie combine harvester ZL 201310517788.9, which is relatively close to the present invention, can complete stalk cutting and fiber stripping. However, there are significant drawbacks in its mechanical design. First, the two major working units of the whole machine, namely harvesting and ramie stripping, are arranged side by side, resulting in an overly large width of the whole machine, making it difficult to transfer and operate in the fields. It is not suitable for the agricultural production conditions in ramie-growing areas where the roads are narrow and the fields are small. Second, the statement of the beneficial effect of this machine, "the separation rate of ramie fiber and ramie bone reaches more than 94%, which is beneficial to the subsequent separation and processing of ramie stripping machinery and high-quality ramie yield", indicates that this machine only preliminarily separates the fiber, and subsequent mechanical separation and processing are still required. Third, this machine completes cutting and collection operations with a cutting device and a finished product integrated box. The unprocessed ramie stalks clamped by the clamping device are cut with the cutting device, resulting in too much loss and being difficult to process and reuse again.

[0007] Another prior art ramie combine harvester ZL 201810484613.5, which is relatively close to the present invention, can achieve the harvest of fiber-feed dual-purpose ramie, but is not suitable for ramie varieties that only harvest fibers. According to national standards, the quality of ramie fiber is closely related to the length of ramie fiber. The longer the fiber, the higher the quality. Therefore, when the growth of each ramie plant is uncertain, uniformly using mechanized standards to cut ramie fibers will seriously lead to a decline in fiber quality and affect the economic benefits of ramie farmers. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a fiber-use ramie combine harvester, thereby solving the above problems.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A fiber-use ramie combine harvester, characterized in that it mainly includes a cab, a ramie supporting device, a ramie cutting device, a conveying device, a beating and stripping device, a storage device, and a crawler transmission device.

[0010] Furthermore, the ramie supporting device and the ramie cutting device are arranged one above the other in the front of the harvester; the cab is arranged on the left front side of the harvester; the conveying device and the beating and stripping device are alternately arranged on the right side of the harvester; the storage device is arranged on the left rear side of the harvester; the same ramie supporting device is composed of a first ramie supporting mechanism and a second ramie supporting mechanism; the same ramie cutting device is composed of a reciprocating cutter mechanism, a dividing rake, a terrain-following skid plate, and a frame; the same beating and stripping device is composed of a first beating and stripping device and a second beating and stripping device; the same conveying device is composed of a first clamping chain plate, a second clamping chain plate, and a third clamping chain plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the ramie cutting device is composed of four dividing headers and three groups of reciprocating cutter mechanisms arranged alternately. The four dividing headers are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the bottom in front of the harvester. The three groups of reciprocating cutter mechanisms are connected to the frame between the intervals of the four dividing headers by hinges and are arranged at equal intervals. The three groups of reciprocating cutter mechanisms are all floating and each is equipped with a terrain-following skid at the bottom, which can automatically adjust the height of the cutter in the forward and lateral directions according to the undulation of the terrain to adapt to complex terrains. The height positions of the three from top to bottom are the dividing header, the reciprocating cutter mechanism, and the terrain-following skid.

[0012] Furthermore, the ramie supporting device is configured above the front of the harvester. The same first ramie supporting mechanism and second ramie supporting mechanism are both composed of ramie supporting teeth, sprockets, chains, and synchronous shafts. The first ramie supporting mechanism is arranged below the second ramie supporting mechanism, and the first ramie supporting mechanism is arranged above the cutting surface of the reciprocating cutter mechanism. The sprockets of the first ramie supporting mechanism and the second ramie supporting mechanism rotate synchronously. Multiple ramie supporting teeth are fixedly arranged on the chain at equal intervals. Driven by the sprocket, the ramie is dialed from the front of the harvester to the left and right to the first clamping chain plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the conveying device is composed of a first clamping chain plate, a second clamping chain plate, and a third clamping chain plate. The starting point of the first clamping chain plate is arranged on the right side of the ramie supporting device and cooperates with it to receive the ramie. The middle part of it slopes upward along the left side of the harvester to lift the ramie. Its end point is arranged above the first stripping device to facilitate feeding the tail of the ramie into the first stripping device for stripping. The starting point of the second clamping chain plate is arranged above the first clamping chain plate. Its function is to cooperate with the first clamping chain plate to support the ramie. The middle part of it is parallel to the middle part of the first clamping chain plate to lift the ramie. Its end point is arranged above the second stripping device. The running route of the chain plate conveys from the outside to the inside of the harvester to facilitate feeding the tip of the ramie above the second stripping device and then dropping it into the feeding port of the second stripping device for stripping. The starting point of the third clamping chain plate is arranged behind the first stripping device to facilitate receiving the tail fiber of the ramie after stripping. The middle part of it extends towards the tail of the harvester, and its function is to be able to separate the tip of the ramie from the second stripping device. Its end point is connected to the storage device for subsequent storage of the ramie. The running speed of the second clamping chain plate is higher than that of the first clamping chain plate. The differential movement can make the ramie generate an inclination angle, which is beneficial for feeding into the first stripping device for stripping.

[0014] Furthermore, the beating and stripping device consists of a first beating and stripping machine and a second beating and stripping machine. The beating and stripping structure of the first beating and stripping machine and the second beating and stripping machine can be a double-drum beating plate type or a single-drum beating plate type. Ramie can enter the beating and stripping device from the inlet in one direction to complete the beating and stripping, and then the fibers and ramie bone debris are thrown out from the beating and stripping outlet. The first beating and stripping machine is a vertical type, arranged in the middle on the right side of the harvester, and the beating and stripping inlet is inclined forward to facilitate the entry of the tail of the ramie into the beating and stripping machine. The second beating and stripping machine is a horizontal type, arranged at the rear side in the middle of the harvester, and the beating and stripping inlet is inclined backward to facilitate the entry of the tip of the ramie into the beating and stripping machine.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This kind of combined ramie harvester for fiber use realizes the full-automatic harvesting of ramie for fiber use, reduces manual labor, has high efficiency and good quality. 2. This kind of combined ramie harvester for fiber use realizes the crushing and returning of ramie bones and ramie chips to the field during the harvesting process, increases the content of organic fertilizers in the farmland, and is beneficial to improving the environment. 3. This kind of combined ramie harvester for fiber use can realize the batch beating and stripping of the tips and tails of ramie through the first beating and stripping machine and the second beating and stripping machine, and the targeted beating and stripping results in better fiber quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a combined ramie harvester for fiber use according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a rear view of a combined ramie harvester for fiber use according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a front view of a combined ramie harvester for fiber use according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a top view of a combined ramie harvester for fiber use according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 is a side view of a combined ramie harvester for fiber use according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 is a side view of the ramie cutting device according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the ramie cutting device according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the ramie supporting device according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the stripping device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the working state of a ramie combined harvester for fiber use of the present invention;

[0027] In the figure: 1, cab; 2, ramie supporting device; 3, ramie cutting device; 4, conveying device; 5, stripping device; 6, storage device; 7, crawler drive device; 8, ramie; 201, first ramie supporting mechanism; 202, second ramie supporting mechanism; 211, ramie supporting teeth; 212, chain; 213, sprocket; 214, synchronous shaft; 301, reciprocating cutter mechanism; 302, dividing harrow; 303, terrain-following slide plate; 304, frame; 401, first clamping chain plate; 402, second clamping chain plate; 403, third clamping chain plate; 501, stripping inlet; 502, stripping drum; 503, stripping machine housing; 504, stripping outlet; 511, first stripper; 512, second stripper. Specific embodiments

[0028] Now, in combination with the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be further described.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1-10 , a ramie combined harvester for fiber use, which is characterized by mainly including a cab 1, a ramie supporting device 2, a ramie cutting device 3, a conveying device 4, a stripping device 5, a storage device 6 and a crawler drive device 7.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the whole machine's stripping process is as follows: The operator enters the cab 1 for control, the crawler drive device 7 drives, the harvester enters the ramie field, the ramie cutting device 3 cuts the ramie 8 in front of the harvester, the crawler drive device 7 maintains power and advances at a constant speed, the ramie supporting device 2 continuously operates to support the ramie 8 to the conveying device 4, and the conveying device 4 then conveys the ramie 8 to the first stripper 511 and the second stripper 512 of the stripping device 5 in sequence for stripping. Subsequently, the ramie fiber is conveyed to the storage device 6, and the harvesting is completed in such a cycle.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the hemp supporting device 2 and the hemp cutting device 3 are arranged one above and one below in front of the harvester; the cab 1 is arranged on the left front side of the harvester; the conveying device 4 and the stripping device 5 are alternately arranged on the right side of the harvester; the storage device 6 is arranged on the left rear side of the harvester; the same hemp supporting device 2 is composed of a first hemp supporting mechanism 201 and a second hemp supporting mechanism 202; the same hemp cutting device is composed of a reciprocating cutter mechanism 301, a hemp divider 302, a terrain-imitation slide plate 303, and a frame 304; the same stripping device 5 is composed of a first stripper 511 and a second stripper 512; the same conveying device is composed of a first clamping chain plate 401, a second clamping chain plate 402 and a third clamping chain plate 403. The above-mentioned crawler transmission device is a prior art and can be modified from the crawler chassis of a rice and wheat combine harvester.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the hemp cutting device 3 is composed of four straw dividers 302 and three groups of reciprocating knife cutting mechanisms 301 arranged alternately, and the four straw dividers 302 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the front of the harvester at equal intervals; the three groups of reciprocating knife cutting mechanisms 301 are connected to the frame between the four straw dividers 302 by hinges and are arranged at equal intervals; the three groups of reciprocating knife cutting mechanisms 301 can all float and each is equipped with a terrain-mimicking slide 303 at the bottom, which can automatically adjust the height of the knife in the forward and lateral directions according to the undulations of the terrain to adapt to complex terrain; the height position order of the three from top to bottom is straw divider 302, reciprocating knife cutting mechanism 301, and terrain-mimicking slide 303, and the above-mentioned matching straw divider 302 and reciprocating knife cutting mechanism 301 are all prior art.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the hemp supporting device 2 is arranged above and directly in front of the harvester; the first hemp supporting mechanism 201 and the second hemp supporting mechanism 202 are both composed of hemp supporting teeth 211, a sprocket 213, a chain 212, and a synchronous shaft 214; the first hemp supporting mechanism 201 is arranged half a meter below the second hemp supporting mechanism 202, and the first hemp supporting mechanism 201 is arranged one meter above the cutting surface of the reciprocating knife mechanism 301; the sprockets of the first hemp supporting mechanism 201 and the second hemp supporting mechanism 202 rotate synchronously; a plurality of hemp supporting teeth 211 are fixed on the chain at equal intervals, and driven by the sprocket 213, the ramie 8 is pushed from the front of the harvester to the first clamping chain plate 401 in the direction from left to right.

[0034] In the preferred embodiment, the conveying device is composed of a first clamping chain plate 401, a second clamping chain plate 402, and a third clamping chain plate 403; the starting point of the first clamping chain plate 401 is arranged on the right side of the ramie supporting device 2 and cooperates with it to receive the ramie 8. The middle part thereof slopes upward along the left side of the harvester to lift the ramie 8; its end point is arranged above the first stripping device 511, facilitating the feeding of the tail of the ramie 8 into the first stripping device 511 for stripping; the starting point of the second clamping chain plate 402 is arranged half a meter above the first clamping chain plate 401; its function is to cooperate with the first clamping chain plate 401 to support the ramie. The middle part thereof is parallel to the middle part of the first clamping chain plate 401 to lift the ramie 8; its end point is arranged above the second stripping device 512, and the traveling route of the chain plate conveys from the outside to the inside of the harvester, facilitating the feeding of the tip of the ramie 8 above the second stripping device 512, and then dropping it into the feeding port of the second stripping device 512 for stripping (as Figure 4 shown); the starting point of the third clamping chain plate 403 is arranged behind the first stripping device 511, facilitating the reception of the tail fiber of the ramie 8 after stripping. The middle part thereof extends towards the tail of the harvester, and its function is to be able to separate the tip of the ramie from the second stripping device 512. Its end point is connected to the storage device 6 for subsequent storage of the ramie 8. The running speed of the second clamping chain plate 402 is higher than that of the first clamping chain plate 401, and its function is that the differential movement can cause the ramie to generate an inclination angle (as Figure 10 shown), which is beneficial for feeding into the first stripping device 511 for stripping. The above-mentioned clamping chain plates are all prior arts, and the clamping chain plates of a rice and wheat combine harvester can be selected for modification.

[0035] In the preferred embodiment, the stripping device 5 is composed of a first stripping device 511 and a second stripping device 512. The stripping structures of the first stripping device 511 and the second stripping device 512 can be of the double-roller beating plate stripping type or the single-roller beating plate stripping type. In this preferred embodiment, the double-roller beating plate stripping type is adopted. The above double-roller beating plate stripping is modified from prior art, and the specific structure is shown in Figure 9 . The tail of the ramie 8 enters the stripping device from the stripping inlet 501. The stripping machine shell 503 plays a guiding role to prevent entanglement of the ramie. The stripping roller 502 realizes the stripping function. The ramie fiber and the ramie bone debris are thrown out from the stripping outlet 504; the first stripping device 511 is a vertical stripping device, arranged in the middle of the right side of the harvester, and the stripping inlet is inclined forward to facilitate the entry of the tail of the ramie 8 into the stripping device; the second stripping device 512 is a horizontal stripping device, arranged at the rear side of the middle of the harvester, and the stripping inlet is inclined backward to facilitate the entry of the tip of the ramie 8 into the stripping device.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This ramie combined harvester for fiber use realizes the full-automatic harvesting of ramie for fiber use, reduces manual labor, has high efficiency and good quality. 2. This ramie combined harvester for fiber use realizes the pulverization and returning to the field of ramie bones and chips during the harvesting process, increases the content of organic fertilizers in farmland, and is beneficial to improving the environment. 3. This ramie combined harvester for fiber use can realize the stripping of the tip and tail of ramie in batches through the first stripper and the second stripper, and the targeted stripping results in better fiber quality.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ramie combined harvester for fiber use, characterized in that, It mainly includes a cab, a ramie supporting device, a ramie cutting device, a conveying device, a stripping device, a storage device and a crawler transmission device. The ramie supporting device and the ramie cutting device are arranged one above the other in the front of the harvester; the cab is arranged on the left front side of the harvester; the conveying device and the stripping device are alternately arranged on the right side of the harvester; the storage device is arranged on the left rear side of the harvester; the same ramie supporting device is composed of a first ramie supporting mechanism and a second ramie supporting mechanism; the same ramie cutting device is composed of a reciprocating cutter mechanism, a dividing head, a terrain-following slide plate and a frame; the same stripping device is composed of a first stripper and a second stripper; the same conveying device is composed of a first clamping chain plate, a second clamping chain plate and a third clamping chain plate; The conveying device is composed of a first clamping chain plate, a second clamping chain plate and a third clamping chain plate; the starting point of the first clamping chain plate is arranged on the right side of the ramie supporting device and cooperates with it to receive ramie. The middle part of it will tilt upward along the left side of the harvester to lift the ramie. Its end point is arranged above the first stripper, which is convenient for feeding the tail of the ramie into the first stripper for stripping; the starting point of the second clamping chain plate is arranged above the first clamping chain plate. Its function is to cooperate with the first clamping chain plate to support the ramie. The middle part of it is parallel to the middle part of the first clamping chain plate, and its function is to lift the ramie. Its end point is arranged above the second stripper. The running route of the chain plate will convey from the outside to the inside of the harvester, which is convenient for feeding the tip of the ramie above the second stripper, and then dropping it into the feeding port of the second stripper for stripping; the starting point of the third clamping chain plate is arranged behind the first stripper, which is convenient for receiving the tail fiber of the ramie after stripping. The middle part of it extends towards the tail of the harvester, and its function is to be able to separate the tip of the ramie from the second stripper. Its end point will be connected to the storage device for subsequent storage of ramie; the running speed of the second clamping chain plate is higher than that of the first clamping chain plate. The function of the differential motion is to make the ramie generate an inclination angle, which is beneficial to feeding into the first stripper for stripping.

2. The ramie combined harvester for fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ramie cutting device is composed of four dividing heads and three groups of reciprocating cutter mechanisms arranged alternately. The same four dividing heads are fixedly connected to the bottom in the front of the harvester at equal intervals; the three groups of reciprocating cutter mechanisms are connected to the frame between the intervals of the four dividing heads through hinges and are arranged at equal intervals; the three groups of reciprocating cutter mechanisms can all float and a terrain-following slide plate is installed at the bottom of each of them. The function is to be able to automatically adjust the height of the cutter in the forward direction and the transverse direction according to the undulation of the terrain and adapt to complex terrains; the height position order of the three from top to bottom is the dividing head, the reciprocating cutter mechanism, and the terrain-following slide plate.

3. A ramie combined harvester for fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ramie supporting device is arranged directly above the front of the harvester; the same first ramie supporting mechanism and the second ramie supporting mechanism are both composed of ramie supporting teeth, sprockets, chains and a synchronous shaft; the first ramie supporting mechanism is arranged below the second ramie supporting mechanism, and the first ramie supporting mechanism is arranged above the cutting surface of the reciprocating cutter mechanism; the sprockets of the first ramie supporting mechanism and the second ramie supporting mechanism rotate synchronously; a plurality of ramie supporting teeth are fixedly arranged on the chain at equal intervals. Driven by the sprocket, the ramie is dialed from the front of the harvester from left to right to the first clamping chain plate.

4. A ramie combined harvester for fiber use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stripping device is composed of a first stripper and a second stripper. The stripping mechanism of the first stripper and the second stripper can be of the double-roller plate-stripping type or the single-roller plate-stripping type. Ramie can enter the stripper from the stripper inlet unidirectionally to complete stripping, and then the fibers and ramie bone debris are thrown out from the stripping outlet. The first stripper is a vertical stripper, arranged in the middle on the right side of the harvester, and the stripping inlet is inclined forward to facilitate the entry of the tail of the ramie into the stripper. The second stripper is a horizontal stripper, arranged at the rear middle of the harvester, and the stripping inlet is inclined backward to facilitate the entry of the tip of the ramie into the stripper.

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