Three-roller rice husking device

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-roller rice husking device, including a rice husking box; two movable rollers and one fixed roller are arranged in the rice husking box, and the three rollers respectively form a rice husking gap A and a rice husking gap B, so as to realize two rice husking; by arranging a feeding roller and a baffle, the material can be evenly spread when entering the corresponding rice husking gap, so as to further improve the husking effect; the movable roller and the fixed roller have a linear speed difference, so as to further improve the husking effect; the telescopic adjustment mechanism is controlled by a control system to realize the precise control of the corresponding rice husking gap size; the rotating mechanism provides a sufficiently large supporting force. The beneficial effects achieved by the invention are: the husking effect is improved in many aspects and multiple times, the husking effect is good, it is conducive to the precise control of the gap size at the rice husking place, the rice husking quality is improved, good rice husking force can be provided, adaptive adjustment can be achieved, and the fullness is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of embryo rice machine equipment, in particular to a three-roller rice husking device. Background Art

[0002] A fresh rice machine is a machine that can hull, mill and sell rice on site to ensure the freshness of polished rice and can provide a variety of rice such as brown rice, germ rice and polished rice. It is usually required that the fresh rice machine can mill rice with one button, that is, the fresh rice machine has a certain degree of automation. Therefore, for the lifting device of the fresh rice machine, it is usually required to be able to detect rice and automatically lift rice to meet the one-button rice milling needs of the fresh rice machine.

[0003] The rice husking device of the fresh rice machine is a key component in rice processing. Its function is to squeeze and tear the rice through rubber rollers of different speeds, so that the outer shell of the rice is broken and husked. The wear of the rubber rollers and the distance between the rubber rollers will directly affect the rice processing quality and the life of the rubber rollers. If the spacing between the rubber rollers is too small, the rubber rollers are easy to wear and the rice is easy to break, resulting in increased rubber consumption and rough crushing rate; if the spacing is too large, the rice husking is incomplete and the husking rate is reduced. The rubber rollers will wear after a period of use, resulting in a larger spacing between the rubber rollers. The spacing between the rubber rollers needs to be adjusted to ensure the normal operation of the rice husking process and ensure the quality of rice processing.

[0004] The existing rubber roller rice husking technology has the following defects: Generally, a pair of rubber rollers are used for husking, which makes it difficult to achieve the husking effect of completely removing the husk from the rice and keeping the brown rice intact. Secondary husking is often required, which increases the number of processing times, low rice husking efficiency and increased costs. In order to ensure the husking effect, the operating parameters such as the pressure and speed difference between the rubber rollers of a single husking are large, which can easily cause the brown rice to break and break. Therefore, the rice broken rate of a single husking is usually high. The existing three-roller rice husking technology does not clearly define the layout parameters between the three rollers, resulting in a mismatch between the rice feeding angle and the rice husking area, affecting the rice husking effect. In addition, the rice husking chamber of the existing rice husking machine is not equipped with a rice baffle, and the rice is easy to fall from the outside of the rubber roller husking area during the rice husking process, resulting in an increase in the rice content in the brown rice, affecting the quality of the husking rice.

[0005] In addition, the existing rice husking rubber roller adjustment technology does not achieve accurate adjustment of the rubber roller spacing. For example, the manual rotation of the screw rod is used, and the spacing adjustment is inaccurate, mainly relying on human experience; the rice husking rubber roller adjustment technology using a hand-operated roller is set by springs and the weight of the roller, which is actually a roller pressure adjustment technology solution, and the roller spacing is not accurately adjusted; the roller spacing adjustment method using a displacement sensor is used to adjust the spacing by rotating the screw rod driven by a motor. Although there is an adjustment function, there is no positioning detection of the rubber roller position, and the spacing size is still not accurately set; in the rice husking room, optical and displacement sensors are used to monitor the roller spacing, and the cylinder and other telescopic devices are used to push the moving roller to adjust the roller spacing. However, during the rice husking operation, the vibration is large and a large amount of husks and dust are generated. It will be difficult to ensure its normal use if a sensor is set in the rice husking room, and the cylinder telescopic device cannot accurately set the roller spacing.

[0006] Based on this, the inventor studied the existing technology, combined with the defects of the equipment in operation, and designed a new fresh rice machine based on actual needs.

[0007] In order to provide adequate protection, the fresh rice machine was divided into multiple plans for application.

[0008] The present scheme, a three-roller rice husking device, is just one of the schemes.

[0009] The purpose of this scheme is to husk the rice by arranging a three-roller rice husking device consisting of a fixed roller and two movable rollers. The rice is husked twice in the rice husking chamber to completely husk the rice and keep the integrity of the brown rice. At the same time, a baffle is set in the rice husking area to prevent the rice from falling from the rice husking operation area, thereby improving the rice husking efficiency and rice processing effect. At the same time, the structural design of the rubber roller spacing adjustment position is also carried out. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a three-roller rice husking device which can improve the husking effect in many aspects and multiple times, has good husking effect, is conducive to accurately controlling the gap size at the rice husking place, improves the quality of the rice husking, provides good rice husking force, can adaptively adjust, and improves the fullness.

[0011] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: A three-roller rice husking device, comprising:

[0012] A rice husking box, the top and bottom of which are respectively provided with a hopper and a rice husking box discharge port;

[0013] Two movable rollers and one fixed roller are all arranged in the rice husking box;

[0014] The six flow plates I, II, III, IV, V and VI are all arranged along the left and right positions of the moving roller and the fixed roller;

[0015] Along the direction from the hopper to the outlet of the rice husking box, the material passes through the flow plate I, flow plate II, rice husking gap A, flow plate VI, rice husking gap B, flow plate IV, and flow plate V in sequence, completing two rice huskings;

[0016] The two movable rollers are arranged at upper and lower positions to form a height difference, and the fixed roller is arranged at the right side between the two movable rollers;

[0017] The movable roller (42) at the upper position and the fixed roller (41) form a rice husking gap A; the movable roller (42) at the lower position and the fixed roller form a rice husking gap B;

[0018] The flow plate II is perpendicular to the surface formed by the axis of the fixed roller and the upper movable roller, and is tangent to the roller surface of the fixed roller, and a certain gap is left between its outflow end and the fixed roller; the flow plate VI is perpendicular to the surface formed by the axis of the fixed roller and the lower movable roller, and is tangent to the roller surface of the lower movable roller, and a certain gap is left between its outflow end and the lower movable roller.

[0019] Furthermore, the flow plates I, II, III, IV, V and VI form an inclination angle with the horizontal plane of 34°-45°, which are all larger than the self-flow angle of rice on the steel plate in the range of 32°-33°; the rice husking gap A has an adjustable gap size within the range of 0.7-5mm; the rice husking gap B has an adjustable gap size within the range of 0.6-5mm.

[0020] Preferably, the fixed roller and the two movable rollers have the same diameter and are all 75 mm; the angle formed by the flow plate II and the horizontal plane is 34°, and the angle formed by the flow plate VI and the horizontal plane is 36°; the gap A of the rice husking is adjusted to 0.7 mm, and the gap B of the rice husking is adjusted to 0.65 mm.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a feeding roller, which is arranged between flow plate I and flow plate II; the feeding roller and flow plate II are installed close to each other, and a groove is provided on the feeding roller; when the feeding roller rotates, the groove of the feeding roller drives the material to flow downward along flow plate II in a thin and even manner.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a baffle, which is arranged at the end side of the husking gap A and the husking gap B to form a structure to prevent the material from falling from the end side; the baffle also has two support plates; the two support plates are respectively parallel to the flow plate II and the flow plate VI to form parallel gaps, so that the material can evenly enter the husking gap A and the husking gap B.

[0023] Furthermore, the center of the movable roller is the movable roller axis, and the center of the fixed roller is the fixed roller axis;

[0024] The wall of the rice husking box is provided with a long waist-shaped hole; the movable roller shaft extends out of the rice husking box through the long waist-shaped hole;

[0025] The movable roller shaft directly passes through the outside of the rice husking box and a bearing is arranged between the two;

[0026] The movable roller shaft and the fixed roller shaft are both provided with pulleys at their extended ends, and the pulleys at their extended ends are connected to the main driving motor through the same transmission belt; the corresponding pulleys are of different sizes, forming a structure in which the movable roller and the fixed roller have a linear speed difference.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes a tensioning wheel, which tightens the transmission belt; the tensioning wheel is slidably arranged on the wall of the rice husking box through its base block, and a corresponding sliding groove is opened on the wall of the rice husking box; the base block of the tensioning wheel is pressed against the force plate through a spring, and the force plate is fixed on the rice husking box.

[0028] Furthermore, an air duct is formed between the flow plates III and IV; an air outlet is opened on the wall of the rice husking box; the air duct is connected to the fan through the air outlet to form a bran suction structure; and a damper for adjusting the size of the outlet is provided at the air outlet.

[0029] Furthermore, it also includes a telescopic adjustment structure, which is connected to the movable roller shaft of the movable roller; the telescopic adjustment mechanism is provided with a displacement sensor; the gap sizes of the husking gap A and the husking gap B are indirectly measured by the displacement sensor.

[0030] Furthermore, the telescopic adjustment mechanism is sequentially connected via a motor driver, a single chip microcomputer, and a display screen control;

[0031] The single chip microcomputer is also connected to the memory and displacement sensor;

[0032] The memory stores the set displacement data; the single chip microcomputer is operated through the display screen to make the single chip microcomputer call the displacement data in the memory, so that the telescopic adjustment mechanism produces corresponding actions.

[0033] Furthermore, the movable roller shaft is connected to the telescopic adjustment mechanism via a rotating mechanism;

[0034] The rotating mechanism comprises a rotating arm, a rotating shaft and a rotating seat;

[0035] The movable roller shaft of the movable roller has a rotating arm installed at one end thereof;

[0036] The rotating arm is in a bent shape, and the movable roller shaft is installed at the bent part in the middle thereof;

[0037] The lower end of the rotating arm is hingedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating shaft is fixed to the wall inside the rice husking box through a rotating seat;

[0038] The upper end of the rotating arm is hingedly connected to the telescopic adjustment mechanism;

[0039] When the telescopic adjustment mechanism is in operation, it drives the rotating arm to rotate around the rotating shaft; during the rotation of the rotating arm, the movable roller is driven to move via the movable roller shaft to adjust the gap between the movable roller and the fixed roller.

[0040] Furthermore, the telescopic adjustment mechanism includes a C-shaped connecting plate and a stepping motor;

[0041] A nut is welded and fixed on the C-shaped connecting plate; the nut is connected to the stepper motor via a lead screw and a coupling; the stepper motor drives the C-shaped connecting plate to slide;

[0042] The two sides of the C-shaped connecting plate are provided with limited seats, so that the C-shaped connecting plate can only move in a telescopic manner;

[0043] The two outgoing ends of the C-shaped connecting plate are respectively hinged to the supporting plates through connecting pins;

[0044] A support shaft is installed between the two support plates;

[0045] The upper end of the rotating arm is hingedly sleeved on the supporting shaft.

[0046] Furthermore, the limit seat is U-shaped, and the C-shaped connecting plate passes through the middle; the limit seat is connected to the base of the stepper motor as a whole; a displacement sensor is fixed to the recess of the limit seat, and the displacement end of the displacement sensor is connected to the C-shaped connecting plate; when the C-shaped connecting plate moves, it drives the displacement end of the displacement sensor to move, forming a displacement measurement.

[0047] The principle of this scheme is explained as follows:

[0048] 1. The material enters the hopper and flows onto the flow plate Ⅰ and then flows onto the flow plate Ⅱ. The feed roller is set to form a feeding gap between the feed roller and the flow plate Ⅱ. Since the gap is small, only one layer of grain material is allowed to fall, so the material is spread out in a thin layer. It is possible that the material gets stuck in the feeding gap. The rotation of the feed roller with a slot in the axial direction solves this problem.

[0049] Second, by setting a baffle, the baffle passes through two support plates, and the support plate located at the flow plate II forms a parallel gap with the flow plate II, so that the material can form a flat layer and enter the rice husking gap A again, and the rice husking (rolling and shelling) is well completed, and the first rice husking is completed;

[0050] The support plate at the flow plate VI also forms a parallel gap with the flow plate VI, so that the material can be well spread before entering the rice husking gap B, and then the rice is husked again in the rice husking gap B to complete the second rice husking;

[0051] By spreading the rice evenly and husking it twice, the rice can be husked very well.

[0052] 3. As the moving roller and the fixed roller rotate, some materials are bound to stick to the corresponding rollers;

[0053] In this solution, the upper right of the upper fixed roller is the flow plate II, and the lower left is the flow plate VI. Regardless of whether the material sticks to the roller or not, the material will eventually fall on these two flow plates.

[0054] The upper left of the fixed roller is a flow plate VI, and the lower right is a flow plate IV. No matter how the fixed roller rotates, the material will always fall on these two flow plates. In addition, a flow plate III is also arranged on the right side of the fixed roller. Flow plate III is curved and forms an air duct with flow plate IV. Flow plate III also plays a certain role in blocking the material.

[0055] The upper right of the moving roller below is the flow plate IV, and the lower left is the flow plate V. No matter how the moving roller rotates here, the material will always fall on these two flow plates;

[0056] The discharge port of the rice hulling box is located at the lower end of flow plates III and IV, and the lower end is also the air duct. The air duct sucks away the bran through the adsorption force generated by the fan, and the rice without bran falls from the discharge port of the rice hulling box.

[0057] It should be noted that in this solution, the fixed roller and the movable roller are driven by the same transmission belt, and the sizes of the flat pulleys corresponding to the fixed roller and the movable roller are different. This can ensure that there is a linear speed difference between the fixed roller and the movable roller. When the material enters the corresponding rice husking gap, the linear speeds received by the upper and lower surfaces of the material are inconsistent, which can easily cause the material shell to be torn, thereby facilitating shelling.

[0058] It should be noted that this scheme realizes the adjustment of the corresponding husking gap by setting up a telescopic adjustment mechanism and a displacement sensor, and forms a control system with a single-chip microcomputer, a motor driver, a memory, etc., which is beneficial to the empirical data in the memory to adjust the husking gap, and the control can be very precise. The precise husking gap can ensure excellent shelling effect.

[0059] In addition, the setting of the support plate in the telescopic adjustment mechanism can ensure that the gap between the rice husker and the rice husker can show extremely small elasticity to make way, instead of forcibly squeezing, which can greatly reduce the rate of broken rice and make the rice after husking fuller.

[0060] It should be noted that the setting of the rotating mechanism can provide excellent supporting force for the moving roller. When the moving roller and the fixed roller extrude the material for shelling, it can ensure sufficient supporting strength; it prevents the moving roller from shaking violently, maintains the gap size and temperature of the rice husking gap, and improves the rice husking effect.

[0061] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0062] (1) The setting of two moving rollers and one fixed roller realizes double husking of rice, thus improving the husking effect of rice;

[0063] The feeding gap formed by the feeding roller and the flow plate II allows the material to be spread flat for the first time. The parallel gap formed by the support plate on the baffle and the corresponding flow plates II and VI allows the material to be spread flat for the second time. When the material after the two times of spreading is in the corresponding rice husking gap, the evenly spread thin layer of material has a better shelling effect, which further improves the shelling effect.

[0064] Each flow plate is set on both sides of the fixed roller and the moving roller. No matter how the corresponding material sticks to the roller and rotates, it will eventually fall back to the corresponding flow plate and finally enter the corresponding rice husking gap for shelling. Compared with the common setting method, which makes some materials discharged directly without shelling, this solution can ensure excellent shelling rate.

[0065] The moving roller and the fixed roller are driven by the same transmission belt, and through pulleys of different sizes, the linear speed difference between the two is made, so that the upper and lower surface shells of the material are torn due to the different speeds, which is conducive to shelling;

[0066] The setting of the tension wheel ensures that the transmission belt is always in a taut state no matter how the telescopic adjustment mechanism is adjusted, which is beneficial to the driving of the moving roller and the fixed roller;

[0067] (2) By setting a fixed roller and a movable roller, the movable roller is adjusted in position by a telescopic adjustment mechanism, and a displacement sensor is arranged on the telescopic adjustment mechanism; the movable roller is controlled by a motor driver, a single-chip microcomputer, a display screen, and a memory, so that the gap between the fixed roller and the movable roller can be accurately controlled; the precise control of the gap size can effectively improve the quality of rice husking;

[0068] (3) The movable roller is connected to the telescopic adjustment mechanism through a rotating mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism drives the movable roller to move by pushing the rotating mechanism. Compared with the method in which the telescopic adjustment mechanism is directly connected to the movable roller, the setting of the rotating mechanism enables the movable roller to provide good supporting force when it is close to the fixed roller, thereby improving the reliability of the installation strength and facilitating rice husking.

[0069] (4) The structural setting of the telescopic adjustment mechanism is not only for realizing the telescopic action, but also convenient for setting the displacement sensor, which is beneficial for measurement; in addition, the setting of the support plate in the telescopic adjustment mechanism can also make extremely subtle adaptive adjustments when husking rice, avoiding forced squeezing and breaking rice, and improving the fullness of the rice after husking;

[0070] (5) The position setting between flow plate II and the gap A between the rice husker, the position setting between flow plate VI and the gap B between the rice husker, and the angle setting between the corresponding flow plates and the horizontal plane ensure that the material can flow smoothly along the corresponding flow plates, and ensure that the rice material is fully squeezed and rubbed in the gap A and the gap B between the rice husker, which is conducive to rice husking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the back side of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the movable roller, the fixed roller and the corresponding flow plate;

[0074] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure provided for the baffle;

[0075] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure provided for the telescopic adjustment mechanism and the rotating mechanism;

[0076] Figure 6 Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of

[0077] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic adjustment mechanism;

[0078] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the telescopic adjustment mechanism being controlled by the control system;

[0079] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the angles of the moving roller, the fixed roller and the corresponding flow plates;

[0080] In the figure: 40-hulling box, 4001-long waist hole, 4002-air outlet, 4003-chute, 41-fixed roller, 4101-fixed roller shaft, 42-moving roller, 4201-moving roller shaft, 43-telescopic adjustment mechanism, 44-displacement sensor, 45-rotation mechanism, 4501-rotating arm, 4502-rotating shaft, 4503-rotating seat, 46-C-type connecting plate, 4601-nut, 4602-connecting pin, 47-screw, 48-stepping motor, 49-limiting seat, 50-coupling, 51-support plate, 52-support shaft, 53-flow plate VI;

[0081] 61-flowing plate I, 62-flowing plate II, 63-flowing plate III, 64-flowing plate IV, 65-flowing plate V, 67-feeding roller, 68-baffle, 6801-support plate, 69-transmission belt, 70-throttle, 71-hopper, 72-main drive motor, 73-tensioning wheel, 74-spring, 75-force plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0083] like Figure 1 to Figure 4 , Fig. 9As shown, a three-roller rice husking device includes a rice husking box 40; the top and bottom of the rice husking box 40 are respectively provided with a hopper 71 and a rice husking box discharge port; inside the rice husking box 40, two movable rollers 42 and a fixed roller 41 are provided, and a rice husking gap A and a rice husking gap B are respectively formed between the three; on both sides of the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41, corresponding flow plates are respectively provided.

[0084] Specifically, the upper end of the flowing plate Ⅰ 61 is connected to the hopper 71, and the lower end thereof is close to the middle of the flowing plate Ⅱ 62. The upper right of the upper movable roller is flowing plate Ⅱ, and the lower left is flowing plate VI; the upper left of the fixed roller is flowing plate VI, and the lower right is provided with flowing plate IV; in addition, a flowing plate Ⅲ is provided on the right side of the fixed roller, and flowing plate Ⅲ is curved and forms an air duct with flowing plate Ⅳ, and flowing plate Ⅲ also plays a certain role in blocking materials; the upper right of the lower movable roller is flowing plate Ⅳ, and the lower left is flowing plate Ⅴ. The outlet of the rice husking box is located at the lowest end of flowing plates Ⅲ and Ⅳ, and the lower end is also the air duct, and the air duct is adsorbed by the fan.

[0085] In this scheme, the two movable rollers 42 are arranged along the upper and lower positions to form a height difference, and the fixed roller 41 is arranged on the right side of the movable roller 42; the flow plate II 62 is perpendicular to the surface formed by the axis of the fixed roller 41 and the upper movable roller 42, and is tangent to the roller surface of the fixed roller 41, and a certain gap is left between its outflow end and the fixed roller 41; the flow plate VI 53 is perpendicular to the surface formed by the axis of the fixed roller 41 and the lower movable roller 42, and is tangent to the roller surface of the lower movable roller 42, and a certain gap is left between its outflow end and the lower movable roller (42).

[0086] Furthermore, flow plates I 61, II 62, III 63, IV 64, V 65 and VI 53 form an inclination angle with the horizontal plane of 34°-45°, which are all larger than the self-flow angle of rice on the steel plate within the range of 32°-33°; the gap A for husking rice is adjustable in size within the range of 0.7-5mm; the gap B for husking rice is adjustable in size within the range of 0.6-5mm.

[0087] In this embodiment, the fixed roller 41 and the two movable rollers 42 have the same diameter and are all 75 mm; the angle formed by the flow plate II 62 and the horizontal plane is 34°, and the angle formed by the flow plate VI 53 and the horizontal plane is 36°; the gap A of the rice husking is adjusted to 0.7 mm, and the gap B of the rice husking is adjusted to 0.65 mm.

[0088] These flow plates have two functions: on the one hand, they guide the materials, that is, the materials in the hopper 71, to flow through plate I 61, flow plate II 62, husking gap A, flow plate VI 53, husking gap B, flow plate IV 64, and flow plate V 65 in sequence. In this process, the husking is completed twice. On the other hand, no matter how the fixed roller 41 and the movable roller 42 rotate, these materials will return to the corresponding flow plates and be husked again. Compared with other mechanisms of ordinary similar equipment that cannot husk the rice again, the husking effect of this scheme is better.

[0089] In this embodiment, a feed roller 67 is also included, which is arranged between flow plate I 61 and flow plate II 62; the feed roller 67 is installed close to flow plate II 62, and a groove is provided on the feed roller 67; when the feed roller 67 rotates, the groove of the feed roller 67 drives the material to flow downward along flow plate II 62 in a thin and even manner.

[0090] In this embodiment, a baffle 68 is also included, which is arranged at the end side of the husking gap A and the husking gap B to form a structure to prevent the material from falling from the end side. In addition, the baffle 68 is arranged on the husking box 40 through two support plates.

[0091] Furthermore, there are two support plates 6801 which are parallel to the flow plate II 62 and the flow plate VI 53 respectively, forming parallel gaps, so as to realize the second uniform spreading of the material, and allow the material to evenly enter the rice husking gap A and the rice husking gap B.

[0092] In this embodiment, the center of the movable roller 42 is the movable roller shaft 4201, and the center of the fixed roller 41 is the fixed roller shaft 4101. The movable roller shaft 4201 extends out of the rice husking box 40. The movable roller shaft 4101 directly passes through the outside of the rice husking box 40 and a bearing is provided between the two.

[0093] In addition, the moving roller shaft 4201 and the fixed roller shaft 4101 are both provided with pulleys at their extended ends, and the pulleys at their extended ends are connected to the main driving motor 72 through the same transmission belt 69; the corresponding pulleys are different in size, forming a structure with a linear speed difference between the moving roller 42 and the fixed roller 41. Then, when the material enters the corresponding rice husking gap A and rice husking gap B, there is a speed difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the material, which will tear the shells, thereby achieving the effect of shelling.

[0094] Furthermore, a tension wheel 73 is included; the tension wheel 73 has a base block, which is slidably arranged on the wall of the husking box 40, and a corresponding slide groove 4003 is opened on the wall of the husking box 40. And the base block of the tension wheel 73 is pressed against the force plate 75 through the spring 74, and the force plate 75 is fixed on the husking box 40. Under the action of the spring 74, the tension wheel 73 always presses the transmission belt 69 to ensure that the transmission belt 69 is tightened, so as to realize the driving of the transmission belt 69.

[0095] Furthermore, an air duct is formed between the flow plate III 63 and the flow plate IV 64; an air outlet 4002 is opened on the wall of the rice husking box 40; the air duct is connected to the fan through the air outlet 4002 to form a chaff suction structure; and a damper 70 for adjusting the size of the opening is provided at the air outlet 4002.

[0096] Optionally, a three-roller rice husking device, such as Figures 5 to 8 As shown, it also includes a telescopic adjustment structure 43 to achieve precise control and adjustment of the corresponding husking gap size.

[0097] In this embodiment, the telescopic adjustment structure 43 is connected to the extended end of the movable roller shaft 4201 of the movable roller 42. A long waist-shaped hole 4001 is opened on the wall of the rice husking box 40, and the movable roller shaft 4201 extends out of the rice husking box 40 through the long waist-shaped hole 4001.

[0098] In addition, a displacement sensor 44 is provided on the telescopic adjustment mechanism 43 ; the gap sizes of the husking gap A and the husking gap B are indirectly measured by the displacement sensor 44 .

[0099] It should be noted that since precise adjustment of the spacing between the rubber rollers is one of the guarantee conditions for high-quality rice husking processing, the spacing between the rubber rollers is different when husking rice of different types and moisture contents. Adjusting the spacing between the rollers during rice husking not only improves the quality of rice husking, but also increases the service life of the rubber rollers.

[0100] In this embodiment, the telescopic adjustment mechanism 43 is driven by a stepper motor 48, and the action of the stepper motor 48 is controlled by a control system. Specifically, the control system includes a single-chip microcomputer, a motor driver, a display screen, a memory, and an external power supply; wherein the stepper motor 48 has been sequentially connected through the motor driver, the single-chip microcomputer, and the display screen control; and the single-chip microcomputer is also connected to the memory and the displacement sensor 44. The memory stores the displacement data; the single-chip microcomputer is operated through the display screen to call the displacement data in the memory, so that the telescopic adjustment mechanism 43 generates a corresponding action.

[0101] During the equipment production phase, rice husking process debugging is required. It is necessary to conduct tests on different types of rice to determine the appropriate rubber roller spacing, which often requires manual adjustment and the establishment of a database of rice husking rubber roller spacing for different types of rice and different working conditions.

[0102] Furthermore, the single chip microcomputer model is STM32F103VET6, the motor driver model is HBS57, the stepper motor 48 model is a closed-loop stepper motor, and the display screen is a serial port screen; the external power supply provides power for the entire control system.

[0103] Optionally, a three-roller rice husking device, such as Figure 5 to Figure 7 As shown, the telescopic adjustment mechanism 43 is also specifically designed.

[0104] Specifically, the telescopic adjustment mechanism 43 includes a C-shaped connecting plate 46 and a stepping motor 48. A nut 4601 is welded and fixed on the C-shaped connecting plate 46; the nut 4601 is connected to the stepping motor 48 via a lead screw 47 and a coupling 50. At the same time, limited seats 49 are provided on both sides of the C-shaped connecting plate 46.

[0105] The stepper motor 48 drives the C-shaped connecting plate 46 to rotate, and since the limiting seat 49 limits the C-shaped connecting plate 46, the C-shaped connecting plate 46 can only move in a telescopic manner.

[0106] In this embodiment, the two outgoing ends of the C-shaped connecting plate 46 are respectively hinged with the supporting plates 51 through the connecting pins 4602; and a supporting shaft 52 is installed between the two supporting plates 51. The upper end of the rotating arm 4501 is hingedly sleeved on the supporting shaft 52. The supporting plate 51 is provided because when the rotating arm 4501 moves, the upper end of the rotating arm 4501 and the telescopic movement of the C-shaped connecting plate 46 are not in a straight line, which plays a certain role of giving way.

[0107] In this embodiment, the limit seat 49 is U-shaped, and the C-shaped connecting plate 46 passes through the middle thereof; the limit seat 49 is connected to the base of the stepper motor 48 as a whole; a displacement sensor 44 is fixed to the recess of the limit seat 49, and the displacement end of the displacement sensor 44 is connected to the C-shaped connecting plate 46; when the C-shaped connecting plate 46 moves, it drives the displacement end of the displacement sensor 44 to move, thereby forming a displacement measurement.

[0108] Optionally, a three-roller rice husking device, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the movable roller 42 is connected to the telescopic adjustment mechanism 43 through the rotating mechanism 45. The rotating mechanism 45 ensures the reliable structure of the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41.

[0109] Specifically, the rotating mechanism 45 includes a rotating arm 4501, a rotating shaft 4502, and a rotating seat 4503. In the rice husking box 40, a rotating seat 4503 is fixed to the rear wall thereof, the rotating shaft 4502 is mounted on the rotating seat 4503, and the lower end of the rotating arm 4501 is sleeved and hinged on the rotating shaft 4502.

[0110] The upper end of the rotating arm 4501 is hingedly connected to the telescopic adjustment mechanism 43. The rotating arm 4501 is bent, and its middle part is sleeved on the middle part of the movable roller shaft 4201 of the movable roller 42.

[0111] When working, the telescopic adjustment mechanism 43 pushes the upper end of the rotating arm 4501, and rotates with the lower end of the rotating arm 4501 as the center of the circle; the middle bending part of the rotating arm 4501 is convex, and the middle part drives the movable roller shaft 4201 to move, so that the movable roller 42 moves away from or close to the fixed roller 41. When the movable roller 42 approaches the fixed roller 41, it is equivalent to receiving the acting force through the upper and lower ends of the rotating arm 4501, and applying force to the movable roller 42 through the convex middle position, which can ensure the strength of the force, thereby ensuring that the gap between the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41 is stable and reliable, which is conducive to rice husking.

[0112] When husking rice, the rice enters the rice husking gap A between the upper movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41 (i.e., the first rice husking working area). Since there is a speed difference between the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41 and the rotation directions are opposite, the rice is squeezed by the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41 at the rice husking gap A and the friction in the opposite directions generated by the speed difference between the two rollers, resulting in a rubbing and tearing effect on the rice grains. The rice is husked in the first rice husking working area at the rice husking gap A and flows out through the flow plate VI 53 and enters the rice husking gap B between the fixed roller 41 and the movable roller 42 (i.e., the second rice husking working area). The rice husking principle is the same as that in the first rice husking working area. After two rice husking operations, the rice is finally husked brown rice and bran husks. When the rice is not husked cleanly or there are many broken rice, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41 of the two rice husking work areas through the adjustment mechanism 43 until the rice husking operation meets the requirements.

[0113] Principle of adjustment of the spacing between rubber rollers for husking rice: the user inputs the target spacing value between rubber rollers through the display screen, the single chip computer calculates and controls the rotation of the stepping motor 48, and the coupling 50 drives the screw rod 47 to rotate, so that the nut 4601 moves with the C-shaped connecting plate 46 in the axial direction of the screw rod 47, and then the power transmission of the support plate 51, the connecting pin 4602 and the support shaft 52 drives the rotating mechanism 45 to rotate, so that the movable roller 42 rotates around the rotating axis 4502, thereby changing the spacing between the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41. When the rubber roller spacing adjustment instruction is issued, the control system controls the stepper motor 48 to rotate, and the C-type connecting plate 46 is pushed toward the moving roller 42. The displacement sensor 44 returns the displacement value of the C-type connecting plate 46 in real time and the displacement value continues to increase. The telescopic adjustment mechanism 43 and the rotating mechanism 45 make the moving roller 42 gradually approach the fixed roller 41. When the rice husking rubber roller of the moving roller 42 in the rice husking room collides with the rice husking rubber roller of the fixed roller 41 (the corresponding roller outer shell has a rice husking rubber roller to increase the friction), the displacement of the displacement sensor 44 suddenly stops changing. , the control system immediately stops the stepper motor 48 and reverses it to separate the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41. The displacement sensor 44 feeds back the displacement of the movable roller 42 when it leaves the fixed roller 41 to the control system in real time. Through the motion relationship between the telescopic adjustment mechanism 43 and the rotating mechanism 45, the control system accurately calculates the distance between the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41. When the distance between the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41 meets the set requirements, the control system sends a command to stop the stepper motor 48 and completes the accurate adjustment of the distance between the rice husking rubber rollers.

[0114] It should be noted that after the entire three-roller rice husking device is generated, it is necessary to debug and establish the corresponding database.

[0115] During the rice husking process and debugging stage, it is necessary to conduct experiments on different types of rice to determine the appropriate rubber roller spacing. It is often necessary to manually adjust and establish a database of rice husking rubber roller spacing for different types of rice and different working conditions. Working principle of manual adjustment of the distance between rubber rollers for rice husking: During the rice husking process, if it is found that the husking rate is reduced and there are many rice grains in the brown rice, it means that the distance between the rubber rollers is too large. When the operator clicks on the display screen once to reduce the distance, the control system starts the stepper motor 48 to rotate a certain angle, moves the movable roller 42 through the telescopic adjustment mechanism 43 and the rotating mechanism 45, and reduces the distance between the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41. If it is found that there are still many rice grains in the brown rice, the distance between the rubber rollers continues to be reduced until the rice husking rate and the number of rice grains in the brown rice meet the requirements, and the appropriate roller distance for this working condition is recorded; if it is found that there are many broken rice in the brown rice, it means that the distance between the rubber rollers is too small. The operator clicks on the screen once to increase the distance, and the control system starts the stepper motor 48 to rotate, moves the movable roller 42 through the telescopic adjustment mechanism 42 and the rotating mechanism 45, and increases the distance between the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41, checks the amount of broken rice in the brown rice, until the rough and broken rice rate meets the requirements, and records the appropriate roller distance for this working condition.

[0116] After the database of the spacing between the husking rubber rollers for different types of rice processed by the rice husking machine is built, the control system will start an automatic adjustment of the spacing between the rubber rollers after a certain amount of rice has been processed or the rubber rollers have worn to a certain extent. For example, the working principle of the automatic adjustment of the spacing between the husking rubber rollers: when the rice husking machine is working, the control system will automatically store the amount of rice processed. When the automatic adjustment function of the spacing between the rubber rollers is started, the control system first starts the rotation of the stepper motor 48, and moves the movable roller 42 through the telescopic adjustment mechanism 43 and the rotating mechanism 45 to reduce the spacing between the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41. The displacement sensor 44 will provide real-time feedback of the displacement value of the C-type connecting plate 46. When the displacement value of the displacement sensor 44 suddenly does not change, that is, the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41 are already in contact, which is used as the zero point or starting point of the spacing between the rubber rollers. At this time, the motor driver is powered off and gives feedback signal to the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer After receiving the signal, the rubber roller spacing value stored in the storage is transmitted to the motor driver, and the motor driver switches the rotation direction of the stepper motor 48 and re-enables it. The stepper motor 48 rotates to make the adjustment mechanism 43 and the rotation mechanism 45 start working, and the movable roller 42 moves away from the fixed roller 41. The displacement value returned to the single-chip microcomputer by the displacement sensor 44 is used to calculate the spacing between the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41. When the spacing between the movable roller 42 and the fixed roller 41 reaches the user's set value, the stepper motor 48 stops moving, and the stepper motor 48, the screw rod 47, and the nut 4601 are self-locking, supporting the movable roller 42 to husking rice, and realizing automatic and accurate adjustment of the rice husking rubber roller.

[0117] The above embodiments only express preferred implementation modes, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-roller rice husking device, characterized in that: include: A rice husking box (40) having a hopper (71) and a rice husking box discharge port at the top and bottom thereof respectively; Two movable rollers (42) and one fixed roller (41), all of which are arranged in a rice husking box (40), and a rice husking gap A and a rice husking gap B are formed between the three rollers respectively; A flow plate I (61), a flow plate II (62), a flow plate III (63), a flow plate IV (64), a flow plate V (65), and a flow plate VI (53), all of which are arranged along the left and right positions of the moving roller (42) and the fixed roller (41); The material in the hopper (71) passes through the flow plate I (61), the flow plate II (62), the rice husking gap A, the flow plate VI (53), the rice husking gap B, the flow plate IV (64), and the flow plate V (65) in sequence, completing two rice huskings. The two movable rollers (42) are arranged at upper and lower positions to form a height difference, and the fixed roller (41) is arranged at the right side between the two movable rollers (42); The movable roller (42) at the upper position and the fixed roller (41) form a rice husking gap A; the movable roller (42) at the lower position and the fixed roller form a rice husking gap B; The flow plate II (62) is perpendicular to the surface formed by the axis of the fixed roller (41) and the axis of the upper movable roller (42), and is tangent to the roller surface of the fixed roller (41), and a certain gap is left between its outflow end and the fixed roller (41); The flow plate VI (53) is perpendicular to the surface formed by the axis of the fixed roller (41) and the axis of the movable roller (42) below, and is tangent to the roller surface of the movable roller (42) below, and a certain gap is left between its outflow end and the movable roller (42) below; It also includes a telescopic adjustment structure (43) connected to the movable roller shaft (4201) of the movable roller (42); a displacement sensor (44) is provided on the telescopic adjustment mechanism (43); and the gap sizes of the rice husking gap A and the rice husking gap B are indirectly measured through the displacement sensor (44); The telescopic adjustment mechanism (43) is connected in sequence via a motor driver, a single-chip microcomputer, and a display screen control; the single-chip microcomputer is also connected to a memory and a displacement sensor (44); the memory stores the displacement data; the single-chip microcomputer is operated through the display screen to call the displacement data in the memory, so that the telescopic adjustment mechanism (43) generates a corresponding action.

2. A three-roller rice husking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow plates I (61), II (62), III (63), IV (64), V (65) and VI (53) form an inclination angle with the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is 34°-45°, which is greater than the self-flow angle of the rice on the steel plate within the range of 32°-33°; The gap A between the hullers is adjustable within a range of 0.7-5 mm. The husking gap B is adjustable in size within the range of 0.6-5mm.

3. A three-roller rice husking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed roller (41) and the two movable rollers (42) have the same diameter and are all 75 mm. The angle formed between the flow plate II (62) and the horizontal plane is 34°, and the angle formed between the flow plate VI (53) and the horizontal plane is 36°; The gap adjustment size of the rice husking gap A is 0.7mm, and the gap adjustment size of the rice husking gap B is 0.65mm.

4. A three-roller rice husking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable roller shaft (4201) is connected to the telescopic adjustment mechanism (43) via a rotating mechanism (45); The rotating mechanism (45) comprises a rotating arm (4501), a rotating shaft (4502), and a rotating seat (4503); A rotating arm (4501) is installed at the middle end of the movable roller shaft (4201) of the movable roller (42); The rotating arm (4501) is bent, and the movable roller shaft (4201) is installed at the bent part in the middle thereof; The lower end of the rotating arm (4501) is hingedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (4502), and one end of the rotating shaft (4502) is fixed to the wall inside the rice husking box (40) through a rotating seat (4501); The upper end of the rotating arm (4501) is hingedly connected to the telescopic adjustment mechanism (43); When the telescopic adjustment mechanism (43) is in operation, it drives the rotating arm (4501) to rotate around the rotating shaft (4502); during the rotation of the rotating arm (4501), the movable roller (42) is driven to move via the movable roller shaft (4201), thereby adjusting the gap between the movable roller (42) and the fixed roller (41).

5. A three-roller rice husking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic adjustment mechanism (43) comprises a C-shaped connecting plate (46) and a stepping motor (48); A nut (4601) is welded and fixed on the C-shaped connecting plate (46); the nut (4601) is connected to the stepping motor (48) via a lead screw (47) and a coupling (50); the stepping motor (48) drives the C-shaped connecting plate (46) to slide; Limiting seats (49) are arranged on both sides of the C-shaped connecting plate (46), so that the C-shaped connecting plate (46) can only move in a telescopic manner; The two outgoing ends of the C-shaped connecting plate (46) are respectively hinged to the supporting plate (51) via connecting pins (4602); A support shaft (52) is installed between the two support plates (51); The upper end of the rotating arm (4501) is hingedly sleeved on the supporting shaft (52).

6. A three-roller rice husking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting seat (49) is U-shaped, and the C-shaped connecting plate (46) passes through the middle thereof; The limit seat (49) is connected to the base of the stepping motor (48) as a whole; A displacement sensor (44) is fixed at the recess of the limit seat (49), and a displacement end of the displacement sensor (44) is connected to a C-shaped connecting plate (46); When the C-shaped connecting plate (46) moves, it drives the displacement end of the displacement sensor (44) to move, thereby forming displacement measurement.

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