A water-towed transient electromagnetic measurement device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an underwater towed transient electromagnetic measurement device and method, which relates to the field of underwater exploration technology, can meet the requirements of accurate positioning and continuous measurement on the water, improve the ability of underwater exploration, and save the cost of underwater exploration. The main technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the device provided by the present invention includes a towing component suspended on the water surface, a transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component, and a connecting component; a transient electromagnetic system and a positioning function module are set on the towing component, and the system includes a transient electromagnetic transmitter and a receiver; the tail of the towing component is connected to the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component through the connecting component; during the movement, the transmitter and the receiver transmit and receive transient electromagnetic signals underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component, and at the same time, the positioning function module collects positioning data in real time, thereby using the collected transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater and the collected real-time positioning data as measurement data for underwater exploration during the movement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water exploration, and in particular to an water towed transient electromagnetic measurement device and method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's national economy, engineering construction is no longer limited to land but has extended to offshore areas and the vicinity of rivers and lakes, such as offshore docks, cross-river bridges, river tunnels, oil and gas pipelines, and large water parks. The construction of these projects requires engineering geological surveys in water-covered areas to understand the engineering geology beneath the water. Due to the special characteristics of water bodies, traditional drilling operations are difficult and costly. How to quickly and cost-effectively obtain underwater engineering geological structures is a difficult problem that we need to solve.

[0003] At present, geophysical exploration methods are a type of method that infers underground geological structures by measuring the geophysical fields of underground media. Compared with drilling, it has low cost and high efficiency. However, there are currently no specialized geophysical instruments, equipment, methods and technologies that can be directly applied to geological structure detection in waters around cities, making it difficult to meet the needs of water exploration work. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an underwater towed transient electromagnetic measurement device and method, the main purpose of which is to meet the requirements of precise positioning and continuous measurement on water, improve the ability of underwater exploration, and save underwater exploration costs.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention mainly provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an on-water towed transient electromagnetic measurement device, the device comprising:

[0007] Towing components, transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting components, and connecting components suspended on the water surface;

[0008] The towing component is provided with a transient electromagnetic system and a positioning function module, wherein the transient electromagnetic system includes a transient electromagnetic signal transmitter and a receiver;

[0009] The tail of the towing component is connected to the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component through the connecting component, so that the towing component provides a towing force to the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component, thereby towing the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component along the designed route;

[0010] The transmitter transmits transient electromagnetic signals underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component, and the receiver collects transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component.

[0011] In some modified embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component includes two sets of independent co-centered square multi-turn coils, the coils are wound on two co-centered square engineering resin material brackets, and the bottom of the brackets has a supporting float;

[0012] The two sets of independent co-centered square multi-turn coils constitute a central loop frame, which includes an inner wire frame and an outer wire frame. The inner wire frame serves as a signal receiving wire frame, and the outer wire frame serves as a signal transmitting wire frame.

[0013] In some modified implementations of the first aspect of the present application, the transmitter transmits a transient electromagnetic signal underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component, and the receiver collects the transient electromagnetic signal fed back from underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component, including:

[0014] Connecting the transmitter to the signal transmitting wire frame to form a signal transmitting end, so as to transmit a transient electromagnetic signal underwater using the signal transmitting end;

[0015] The receiver is connected to the signal receiving wire frame to form a signal receiving end, so as to use the signal receiving end to collect transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater.

[0016] In some modified implementations of the first aspect of the present application, the connecting component includes a towing rope, and the tail of the towing component is connected to the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component through the connecting component, including:

[0017] The towing rope is used to connect the tail of the towing component to the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component, so as to tow the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component along the designed route.

[0018] In some modified embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the connecting component includes a hard support rod, and the tail of the towing component is connected to the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component through the connecting component, including:

[0019] The hard support rod is used to fix the relative position between the towing component and the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component while the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component is being towed forward.

[0020] In some modified embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the towing component is a power boat.

[0021] A second aspect of the present application provides an on-water towed transient electromagnetic measurement method, which is applied to the above-mentioned on-water towed transient electromagnetic measurement device, and the method comprises:

[0022] In the target measurement waters, a transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component is towed by a towing component to move along a designed route. A transient electromagnetic system and a positioning function module are provided on the towing component. The transient electromagnetic system includes a transient electromagnetic signal transmitter and a receiver.

[0023] During the movement, the transmitter is controlled to transmit a transient electromagnetic signal underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component, and the receiver is controlled to collect the transient electromagnetic signal fed back from underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component;

[0024] In the process of collecting transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater, the positioning function module is used to collect positioning data in real time along the route;

[0025] The measurement data corresponding to the travel route are composed according to the collected transient electromagnetic signals and the collected positioning data.

[0026] In some modified implementations of the second aspect of the present application,

[0027] The transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component includes two sets of independent co-center square multi-turn coils, which constitute a central loop frame. The central loop frame includes an inner wire frame and an outer wire frame. The inner wire frame serves as a signal receiving wire frame, and the outer wire frame serves as a signal transmitting wire frame.

[0028] The controlling the transmitter to transmit the transient electromagnetic signal underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component comprises:

[0029] Connecting the transmitter to the signal transmission wire frame so that the transmitter transmits a transient electromagnetic signal underwater through the signal transmission wire frame;

[0030] The controlling the receiver to collect the transient electromagnetic signal fed back from underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component comprises:

[0031] The receiver is connected to the signal receiving wire frame so that the receiver collects transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater through the signal receiving wire frame.

[0032] In some modified implementations of the second aspect of the present application, the measurement data corresponding to the travel route is formed based on the collected transient electromagnetic signal and the collected positioning data, including:

[0033] During the movement, the receiver is designed to collect a signal collection period corresponding to a transient electromagnetic signal fed back from underwater;

[0034] According to the signal acquisition period, a superposition period is set;

[0035] Each time the acquisition operation of the superposition cycle is completed, the collected transient electromagnetic signals are accumulated to form a measurement point data block, and at the same time, the positioning function module is used to collect positioning data in real time and add it to the measurement point data block;

[0036] The measurement data corresponding to the travel route are composed according to the plurality of measurement point data blocks.

[0037] In some modified implementations of the second aspect of the present application, the method further includes:

[0038] Using a display interface to display the measurement data in real time further includes: displaying the induced electromotive force profile curve and the attenuation curve of the measuring point in real time.

[0039] By means of the above technical solution, the technical solution provided by the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0040] The present invention provides an underwater towed transient electromagnetic measurement device and method. The device includes: a towing component suspended on the water surface, a transient electromagnetic signal receiving component, and a connecting component; a transient electromagnetic system and a positioning function module are provided on the towing component, the transient electromagnetic system including a transient electromagnetic transmitter and a receiver; and the tail of the towing component is connected to the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component via the connecting component. Furthermore, based on the device, the present invention implements a corresponding measurement method: the towing component drags the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component along a designed route, the transmitter and receiver transmit and receive transient electromagnetic signals underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component, and the positioning function module collects positioning data in real time. The collected transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater and the collected real-time positioning data are used as measurement data for the underwater survey during the process. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention solves the technical problem that the current geophysical exploration methods are difficult to meet the needs of water exploration. The present invention can meet the requirements of precise positioning and continuous measurement of irregular exploration lines on water, expand the application field of geophysical exploration methods, improve the water exploration capabilities of geophysical exploration methods, and save the cost of water geological exploration.

[0041] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are specifically listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. The same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 A block diagram of a towed transient electromagnetic measurement device for water provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a transient electromagnetic transmitter and receiver placed in a powered boat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 A flow chart of an on-water towed transient electromagnetic measurement method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the superimposed acquisition times record and the positioning data record exemplified in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a receiver acquisition and display interface exemplified in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a working scene diagram of the on-water towed transient electromagnetic measurement method for the Fuhe River section exemplified by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of continuously recording real-time position and transient electromagnetic response signals during towing progress according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is an inversion resistivity profile diagram exemplified by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0052] The embodiment of the present invention provides an on-water towed transient electromagnetic measurement device, such as Figure 1As shown, the device includes: a towing component 1 suspended on the water surface, a transient electromagnetic signal receiving component 2, and a connecting component 3; a transient electromagnetic system and a positioning function module are set on the towing component 1, and the transient electromagnetic system includes a transient electromagnetic signal transmitter 11 and a receiver 12; through the connecting component 3, the tail of the towing component 1 is connected to the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component 2, so that the towing component 1 provides towing power to the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component 2, and the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component 2 is towed along the designed route; the transmitter 11 transmits transient electromagnetic signals underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component 2, and the receiver 12 collects transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component 2.

[0053] In this embodiment of the present invention, while the towing unit 1 is dragging the transient electromagnetic signal transceiver 2, the transmitter 11 can continuously transmit transient electromagnetic signals underwater, and correspondingly, the receiver 12 can continuously collect transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater, thereby meeting the requirements of continuous measurement. Furthermore, since the towing unit 11 is also equipped with a positioning module, positioning operations can also be performed during the continuous measurement process, thereby simultaneously meeting the requirements of precise positioning above water.

[0054] The towing component 1 provides towing power to the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component 2, towing the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component 2 along the designed route, which can be an irregular route, thereby achieving flexible survey operations within the target measurement waters. For water exploration work, preferably, the towing component 1 can be a power boat. For example, the transient electromagnetic system installed on the power boat includes a transient electromagnetic transmitter 11 and a receiver 12, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0055] Furthermore, the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component 2 includes two sets of independent cocentric square multi-turn coils, which are wound on two cocentric square engineering resin material brackets. The engineering resin material can be ABS material. The bracket made of this material is light and rigid. The coils wound on the bracket produce little deformation during the towing process, which can well ensure the stability of the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component 2; the bottom of the bracket is provided with a support float 21, and the function of the support float 21 is to support the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component 2 to float on the water surface.

[0056] The two sets of independent co-centered square multi-turn coils may constitute a central loop frame, which includes an inner wire frame and an outer wire frame. The inner wire frame serves as a signal receiving wire frame 22 , and the outer wire frame serves as a signal transmitting wire frame 23 .

[0057] Then further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the transmitter 11 transmits a transient electromagnetic signal underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component 2, and the receiver 12 collects the transient electromagnetic signal fed back from underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component 2. It can be further explained as follows:

[0058] The transmitter 11 is connected to the signal transmitting wire frame 23 to form a signal transmitting end, so as to transmit transient electromagnetic signals underwater using the signal transmitting end; the receiver 12 is connected to the signal receiving wire frame 22 to form a signal receiving end, so as to collect transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater using the signal receiving end.

[0059] Further, the connection component 3 is explained in detail: the connection component 3 may include a towing rope 31 and / or a hard support rod 32. Then, the tail of the towing component 1 is connected to the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component 2 through the connection component 3, which can be further explained as follows:

[0060] The tail of the towing component 1 is connected to the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component 2 by using the towing rope 31, so that while the towing rope 31 provides the towing power, the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component 2 can be pulled along the designed route by using the towing rope 31.

[0061] Furthermore, by utilizing the hard support rod 32, while the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component 2 is being towed forward, the relative position between the towing component 1 and the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component 2 can be fixed, thereby preventing the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component 2 from tipping over or becoming unstable due to turning or water surface fluctuations.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, based on the towing component 1, the transient electromagnetic signal transceiver component 2, and the connecting component 3, the towing component 1 drags the transient electromagnetic signal transceiver component 2 along a designed route. During the movement, the transmitter 11 and the receiver 12 transmit and receive transient electromagnetic signals underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal transceiver component 2, thereby allowing the receiver 12 to continuously collect transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater. In addition, the towing component 1 provided in the embodiment of the present invention also includes a positioning function module. The main function of this positioning function module is to not only collect transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater during the movement, but also to collect positioning data in real time. This allows the embodiment of the present invention to integrate the collected signal data and positioning data as measurement data obtained from surface exploration.

[0063] Next, based on the water towed transient electromagnetic measurement device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a corresponding measurement method, namely, the water towed transient electromagnetic measurement method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the method provides the following specific steps:

[0064] 101. In the target measurement waters, use the towing components to tow the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving components along the designed route.

[0065] The towed unit is equipped with a transient electromagnetic system and a positioning module. The transient electromagnetic system includes a transient electromagnetic signal transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter transmits transient electromagnetic signals underwater, while the receiver collects the transient electromagnetic signals fed back underwater. The positioning module primarily collects positioning data on the towed unit.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present invention, the function of the dragging component is to provide dragging power, thereby pulling the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component connected thereto to move forward.

[0067] 102. While traveling along the designed route, the transmitter is controlled to transmit transient electromagnetic signals underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component, and the receiver is controlled to collect transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present invention, the function of the towing component is to provide towing power. For example, the towing component can be a power boat, thereby towing the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and sending component connected to it along a predetermined route in the target measurement water area. During the movement, the transmitter and the receiver can use the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and sending component to transmit or collect and receive transient electromagnetic signals underwater.

[0069] For example, in actual operational application scenarios, during the movement, the transmitter is used to continuously transmit transient electromagnetic signals into the water, and accordingly, the receiver is used to continuously collect transient electromagnetic signals fed back from the underwater. At the same time, the positioning function module can also be used to actually locate the measurement position according to actual measurement needs, thereby meeting the requirements of precise positioning and continuous measurement of irregular exploration lines on the water.

[0070] Furthermore, the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component includes two sets of independent co-centered square multi-turn coils, and the two sets of independent co-centered square multi-turn coils constitute a central loop frame. For example, the central loop frame includes an inner wire frame and an outer wire frame, the inner wire frame serves as a signal receiving wire frame, and the outer wire frame serves as a signal transmitting wire frame. Then, the transmitter can be connected to the signal transmitting wire frame so that the transmitter transmits a transient electromagnetic signal to the underwater through the signal transmitting wire frame, and the receiver can be connected to the signal receiving wire frame so that the receiver collects the transient electromagnetic signal fed back from the underwater through the signal receiving wire frame.

[0071] It should be noted that magnetic source transient electromagnetic method (MSTEM) is a time-domain electromagnetic exploration method that uses an ungrounded conductor as an excitation source to transmit a regular on-off square wave signal into the ground. By measuring the induced signal in the underground medium during the off-off period, the resistivity structure characteristics of the underground medium are inferred. This method has the characteristics of high resolution and deep penetration. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention use the method of transmitting transient electromagnetic signals underwater and collecting transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater to obtain the measurement data required for surface surveys. This facilitates surface surveys, is simple and efficient, and reduces surface survey costs.

[0072] 103. In the process of collecting transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater, the positioning function module is used to collect positioning data in real time during the travel route.

[0073] In an embodiment of the present invention, when the towing component pulls the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component while moving in the target measurement water area, not only can the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component be used to transmit transient electromagnetic signals underwater and collect transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater, but the positioning function module can also be used to obtain real-time positioning data of the towing component reaching each measuring point.

[0074] 104. According to the collected transient electromagnetic signals and the collected positioning data, measurement data corresponding to the travel route is formed.

[0075] In an embodiment of the present invention, for a target measurement water area, the transient electromagnetic signals and positioning data collected by the water towed transient electromagnetic measurement device provided by an embodiment of the present invention can be used as measurement data of the target measurement water area.

[0076] Furthermore, in order to avoid redundant measurement data and improve the quality of the ultimately obtained measurement data, the embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation method for obtaining measurement data in a more optimal manner, which may include the following:

[0077] First, while following the designed route, a signal acquisition cycle is pre-designed based on the transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater by the receiver. This signal acquisition cycle is then used to further design a superposition cycle. Second, after each superposition cycle, the collected transient electromagnetic signals are accumulated to form a measurement point data block. Simultaneously, positioning data is collected in real time using the positioning function module and added to the measurement point data block. Thus, the measurement data corresponding to the route is assembled from multiple measurement point data blocks.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present invention, when traveling along the designed route, the driving speed can be obtained according to the superposition period and the distance between measurement points, as shown in the following formula (1):

[0079]

[0080] Among them, V S is the ship speed, D is the distance between two adjacent measuring points, T0 is the period of a transmitting waveform, and C is the number of superposition cycles.

[0081] For example, Figure 4 The diagram of the relationship between the number of stacking acquisitions and the location data records exemplified in this embodiment of the present invention shows that, rather than acquiring real-time location data simultaneously with the acquisition of transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater, real-time location data acquisition is performed only after completing several cycles of transient electromagnetic signal acquisition (i.e., stacking cycles) according to the designed acquisition stacking cycle. A mapping relationship is established between the signal data collected during the stacking cycle and the location data, forming a measurement point data block. The measurement data required by this embodiment of the present invention is then composed of multiple measurement point data blocks. Because the acquisition of location data in the measurement data is controlled by the stacking cycle, location data acquisition is performed only after the stacking cycle has completed. This avoids the inclusion of redundant location data in the measurement point data blocks, thereby improving the quality of the measurement data.

[0082] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention can also utilize a display interface to display measurement data in real time, and the display interface displays at least three parts of data, including: basic information of the measuring point, the attenuation curve of the current measuring point, and the voltage profile diagram; among them, for the voltage profile diagram, the number of measuring points displayed can be pre-designed to be fixed, and when the screen is full, the previously displayed measuring points will be automatically squeezed out.

[0083] For example, Figure 5 The receiver acquisition display interface exemplified monitors the measurement data in real time during the continuous acquisition process. The acquisition interface can display the induced electromotive force profile curve and the attenuation curve of the measuring point in real time.

[0084] For example, the display interface can be divided into multiple display areas, including: a measuring point basic information display area, an attenuation curve display area, and a profile curve display area. Among them, the measuring point basic information display area shows: measuring point number, number of measurements, latitude and longitude coordinates collected in real time, and other basic information. The attenuation curve display area shows: the attenuation curve displays four adjacent measuring points, drawn in a rectangular coordinate logarithmic equal interval system, where the horizontal axis is the sampling delay, the unit is microseconds (μs), and the vertical axis is the measurement response value, the unit is nanotesla / second (nT / s). The profile curve display area shows: the profile curve displays the measurement results of 60 adjacent measuring points, and will be refreshed in real time, drawn in a rectangular coordinate system, where the horizontal axis is the number of measurements, the unit is times, and the vertical axis is the measurement response value (drawn in logarithmic equal intervals), the unit is nanotesla / second (nT / s). When the measurement passes through the underwater resistivity anomaly area, the shape and amplitude of the attenuation curve change significantly, and the amplitude on the corresponding profile curve will also change (such as Figure 5The rectangular frame part in the cross-section display area is displayed), so that the measured data can be monitored in real time through the combination of attenuation curve and cross-section curve, and abnormal areas can be quickly discovered.

[0085] The embodiment of the present invention realizes geophysical measurement under irregular lines in water areas by real-time positioning and continuous collection of transient electromagnetic signals, and can obtain the electrical structural characteristics of the water body and the geological body beneath it.

[0086] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide an underwater towed transient electromagnetic measurement device and method. The device provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes: a towing component suspended on the water surface, a transient electromagnetic signal receiving component, and a connecting component; a transient electromagnetic system and a positioning function module are provided on the towing component, and the transient electromagnetic system includes a transient electromagnetic transmitter and a receiver; and the tail of the towing component is connected to the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component via the connecting component. Furthermore, based on the device, the present invention implements a corresponding measurement method: the towing component drags the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component along a designed route, the transmitter and receiver transmit and receive transient electromagnetic signals underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving component, and the positioning function module collects positioning data in real time, thereby utilizing the collected transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater and the collected real-time positioning data as measurement data for the underwater survey during the process. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention solves the technical problem that the current geophysical exploration methods are difficult to meet the needs of water exploration. The present invention can meet the requirements of precise positioning and continuous measurement of irregular exploration lines on water, expand the application field of geophysical exploration methods, improve the water exploration capabilities of geophysical exploration methods, and save the cost of water geological exploration.

[0087] In the following, the embodiment of the present invention takes the Fuhe River section upstream of Baiyangdian Lake in Xiongan New Area, Hebei Province as an example, and adopts the water towed transient electromagnetic measurement device and method provided by the embodiment of the present invention to specifically implement the following steps:

[0088] S1. A transient electromagnetic system and a positioning function module are set up on a power boat (i.e., a towing component). The system includes a transient electromagnetic signal transmitter and a receiver. The boat provides towing power for forward measurement.

[0089] S2. A transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component is connected to the stern of the power boat. The component includes a central loop frame, which further includes an inner frame and an outer frame. The inner frame serves as a signal receiving frame, and the outer frame serves as a signal transmitting frame. The central loop frame is used to transmit and receive transient electromagnetic signals underwater. For example, Figure 6 As shown, the working scene diagram of the water towed transient electromagnetic measurement method in the Fuhe River section, the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and sending components are connected to the boat through a towing rope.

[0090] S3. In the target measurement waters, a small boat is equipped with a transmitter and a receiver, and the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and sending component is towed along the Fuhe River. During the towing process, the real-time position and transient electromagnetic response signal are continuously recorded, and the collected data is monitored in real time as measurement data. For example, the measurement trajectory is displayed using real-time positioning data (such as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the latitude and longitude coordinates of each measurement point are extracted from the measurement data block and converted into a plane coordinate system, where geographic north is the vertical coordinate in meters (m) and geographic east is the horizontal coordinate in meters (m). The drawn measurement point trajectory can accurately display the actual irregular measurement route.

[0091] S4. By processing the measured data and combining it with the real-time positioning data, we can obtain the resistivity profile of the Fuhe River section that is consistent with the actual route, such as Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the resistivity profile is drawn using a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, which requires four sets of data (x, y, z, u). x, y, and z are three-dimensional space coordinates, where x and y coordinates are obtained by converting the actual measured latitude and longitude coordinates into plane coordinates, with the unit being meter (m). u is the attribute value, which represents the resistivity value obtained after data processing, with the unit being ohm.m. z is the depth corresponding to the resistivity value, with the water surface as the reference zero point, and downward is negative, indicating the water depth direction, with the unit being (m). In this way, the resistivity profile can be obtained. Figure 7 The three-dimensional resistivity profile that is consistent with the actual travel route can better demonstrate the exploration results.

[0092] The above are merely embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent insertions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

[0093] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terms "comprise," "include," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

Claims

1. A towed transient electromagnetic measuring device on water, characterized in that: The device comprises: a towing component suspended on the water surface, a transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component, and a connecting component, wherein the connecting component comprises a towing rope and a hard support rod, and the towing component is a power boat; The towing component is provided with a transient electromagnetic system and a positioning function module, wherein the transient electromagnetic system includes a transient electromagnetic signal transmitter and a receiver; The positioning function module is used to arrive at different measuring points in sequence according to the designed route during the process of dragging along the designed route, collect positioning data corresponding to the measuring points, and add them to the measuring point data block; The collecting of positioning data corresponding to the measuring point position to add to the measuring point data block includes: not collecting positioning data in real time while collecting transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater, but performing real-time positioning data collection after completing multiple superposition cycles of collecting transient electromagnetic signals according to a designed superposition cycle, and establishing a mapping relationship between signal data collected in a superposition cycle and positioning data to form a measuring point data block; The measuring point data block is the measurement data corresponding to the measuring point position, and the measurement data includes the collected transient electromagnetic signal and the positioning data. The measurement data corresponding to the travel route is composed based on the measurement data corresponding to the plurality of measuring point data blocks; The tail of the towing component is connected to the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component through the connecting component, so that the towing component provides a towing force to the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component, and tows the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component along a designed route, wherein the designed route includes an irregular route; Using the towing rope, the tail of the towing component is connected to the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component, so as to tow the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component along the designed route; Using the hard support rod, while dragging the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component forward, the relative position between the towing component and the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component is fixed; The transmitter transmits transient electromagnetic signals underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component, and the receiver collects transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component includes two sets of independent co-centered square multi-turn coils, which are wound on two co-centered square engineering resin material brackets, and the bottom of the brackets are provided with supporting floats; The two sets of independent co-centered square multi-turn coils constitute a central loop frame, which includes an inner wire frame and an outer wire frame. The inner wire frame serves as a signal receiving wire frame, and the outer wire frame serves as a signal transmitting wire frame.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The transmitter transmits a transient electromagnetic signal underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component, and the receiver collects the transient electromagnetic signal fed back from underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component, including: Connecting the transmitter to the signal transmitting wire frame to form a signal transmitting end, so as to transmit a transient electromagnetic signal underwater using the signal transmitting end; The receiver is connected to the signal receiving wire frame to form a signal receiving end, so as to use the signal receiving end to collect transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater.

4. A method for towed transient electromagnetic measurement on water, applied to the towed transient electromagnetic measurement device on water according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises: In the target measurement waters, a transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component is towed by a towing component to advance along a designed route. The towing component is provided with a transient electromagnetic system and a positioning function module. The transient electromagnetic system includes a transient electromagnetic signal transmitter and a receiver. The towing component is a powered boat. The designed route includes an irregular route. The tail of the towing component is connected to the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component via a connecting component, and the connecting component includes a towing rope and a hard support rod, and is used to: use the towing rope to connect the tail of the towing component to the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component during the movement, so as to tow the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component along the designed route; and use the hard support rod to fix the relative position between the towing component and the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component while towing the transient electromagnetic signal transmitting and receiving component forward; During the movement, the transmitter is controlled to transmit a transient electromagnetic signal underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component, and the receiver is controlled to collect the transient electromagnetic signal fed back from underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component; In the process of collecting transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater, real-time positioning data is collected along the route using the positioning function module, including: instead of collecting the positioning data in real time at the same time as the transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater are collected, real-time positioning data collection is performed once after completing multiple superposition cycles of collecting transient electromagnetic signals according to a designed superposition cycle, so as to establish a mapping relationship between signal data collected in the superposition cycle and positioning data; The measurement data corresponding to the travel route is formed based on the collected transient electromagnetic signal and the collected positioning data, including: forming a measuring point data block based on a mapping relationship between signal data collected in an overlay period and one positioning data, the measuring point data block being the measurement data corresponding to the measuring point position; and forming the measurement data corresponding to the travel route based on the measurement data corresponding to multiple measuring point data blocks.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component includes two sets of independent co-center square multi-turn coils, which constitute a central loop frame. The central loop frame includes an inner wire frame and an outer wire frame. The inner wire frame serves as a signal receiving wire frame, and the outer wire frame serves as a signal transmitting wire frame. The controlling the transmitter to transmit the transient electromagnetic signal underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component comprises: Connecting the transmitter to the signal transmission wire frame so that the transmitter transmits a transient electromagnetic signal underwater through the signal transmission wire frame; The controlling the receiver to collect the transient electromagnetic signal fed back from underwater through the transient electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting component comprises: The receiver is connected to the signal receiving wire frame so that the receiver collects transient electromagnetic signals fed back from underwater through the signal receiving wire frame.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method further comprises: Using a display interface to display the measurement data in real time further includes: displaying the induced electromotive force profile curve and the attenuation curve of the measuring point in real time.

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