Self-climbing system and method for luffing tower crane without attachment components

Abstract

The present invention discloses a self-climbing system and method for a heavy-duty tower crane without attachment components. The self-climbing system without attachment components includes a tower crane (1), an upper support beam (2), a middle support beam (3), a lower support beam (4), a core tube (5), a telescopic beam assembly 6, a climbing assembly 7, and a telescopic tightening assembly 8; the upper and middle support beams are installed through the tower crane, the lower support beam is connected to the lower end of the tower crane, and the tower crane is installed inside the core tube; there are several openings (51) on the core tube, the upper, middle, and lower support beams are provided with the telescopic beam assembly 6, and the telescopic beam assembly 6 telescopically inserts into the openings to mount the tower crane inside the core tube; the upper, middle, and lower support beams are provided with the climbing assembly 7 and are in sliding contact with the core tube, and the upper, middle, and lower support beams are provided with the telescopic tightening assembly 8, and the telescopic tightening assembly 8 horizontally extends and vertically presses against the inner wall of the core tube. The present invention does not require the installation of attachment components inside the core tube, greatly improving the climbing efficiency of the tower crane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction equipment and its operation method, and particularly to a self-climbing system and method for a heavy-duty tower crane without attachment parts. Background Art

[0002] A tower crane is one of the most commonly used lifting equipment on construction sites, also known as a "tower hoist". It lifts construction raw materials such as steel bars, wooden beams, concrete, and steel pipes for construction with standard sections that are connected in sections one by one. A tower crane is an essential equipment on construction sites. As the construction of the building structure progresses, the tower crane needs to be lifted synchronously. Currently, the tower cranes in the prior art mainly achieve climbing through the way of jacking + inverted beam. The climbing efficiency of the tower crane directly affects the construction progress and project duration benefits of the construction project.

[0003] During the process of inverting the beam of the existing tower crane, another tower crane is required for cooperation. In addition, a large number of attachment parts need to be installed, and the amount of installation and high-altitude welding operations is large, resulting in low work efficiency. Moreover, the climbing time is more than 2 days, that is, the climbing of 1 tower crane will cause at least 2 tower cranes to be unable to operate within 2 days. Although the internal climbing tower crane in the prior art can achieve self-climbing through a jacking device to solve the problem of beam inversion, the internal climbing tower crane still climbs based on a large number of attachment parts inside the core tube and core tube reinforcement measures, and has the following disadvantages:

[0004] 1. A large number of attachment parts need to be installed on the core tube, such as embedded parts, corbels, etc. The embedded parts need to be pre-embedded and installed on the core tube, and the corbels need to be fixed to the embedded parts by welding or screwing. During the climbing process, the support beam needs to be fixed to the corbel by welding or screwing. The construction is cumbersome, the cost is high, the amount of high-altitude operations is large, and the operation efficiency is low.

[0005] 2. The tower crane equipment in the prior art is provided with at least two support beams. When each support beam is lifted, it is necessary to fix and install each support beam on the corbel or remove the fixation from the corbel, which consumes a large amount of manpower. According to the number of climbing times and height, the number of attachment points on the core tube is large, which is not conducive to the structural safety of the core tube.

[0006] 3. The stress on the attachment points on the core tube is complex, and the internal force is concentrated, which is not conducive to safety. It is necessary to reinforce the core tube, and the reinforcement cost is high; especially for the case where the core tube diameter is large, the attachment points near the mid-span of the core tube wall are less restricted by the corner walls, resulting in large internal forces, and a large number of reinforcement measures need to be applied to the core tube, leading to a sharp increase in the reinforcement cost. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-climbing system and method for a heavy-duty tower crane without attachment parts, which does not require the installation of attachment parts inside the core tube and greatly improves the climbing efficiency of the tower crane.

[0008] The present invention is implemented as follows:

[0009] A self-climbing system without attachment components for an overloaded tower crane, comprising a tower crane, an upper support beam, a middle support beam, a lower support beam, a core tube, a telescopic beam assembly, a climbing assembly and a telescopic tightening assembly; the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam are all of rectangular frame structures, the upper support beam and the middle support beam are installed through the tower crane, the lower support beam is fixedly installed at the lower end of the tower crane, and the tower crane is installed in the core tube through the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam; a number of holes are vertically spaced on the shear walls on both sides of the core tube, at least one set of telescopic beam assemblies are provided at the bottoms of the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam, and both ends of the telescopic beam assembly can be telescoped and inserted into the holes of the shear walls on both sides, so that the tower crane is erected in the core tube; climbing assemblies are provided at the corners of the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam, and the climbing assemblies are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the core tube, so that the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam can slide up and down along the inner wall of the core tube respectively through the climbing assemblies; telescopic tightening assemblies are provided at the corners of the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam, and the telescopic tightening assemblies can horizontally extend and vertically press against the inner wall of the core tube, so that the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam can be relatively fixed in the core tube through the telescopic tightening assemblies.

[0010] Each set of the telescopic beam assemblies includes a main beam, a telescopic beam and a telescopic transmission machine; main beams are fixedly installed at the bottoms of the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam, and both ends of the main beam are respectively arranged facing the holes on the shear walls on both sides of the core tube;

[0011] One ends of a pair of telescopic beams are respectively coaxially sleeved on both ends of the main beam, a pair of telescopic transmission machines are respectively installed on the main beam, and the output ends of the pair of telescopic transmission machines are respectively connected to the pair of telescopic beams correspondingly, so that the telescopic beam can coaxially telescope relative to the main beam through the telescopic transmission machine, and the other ends of the telescopic beam can be inserted into the holes of the shear walls on both sides of the core tube and rest on the coupling beam at the bottom of the hole.

[0012] A lubrication structure is provided on the main beam, so that the telescopic beam and the main beam can relatively slide and telescope through the lubrication structure; the lubrication structure is a row of rolling shafts, the row of rolling shafts are arranged at the top and bottom of the telescopic beam, and the axial direction of the rolling shafts of the row of rolling shafts is perpendicular to the axial direction of the telescopic beam, so that the inner wall of the main beam is in sliding contact with the outer wall of the telescopic beam through the row of rolling shafts.

[0013] A pair of telescopic beam assemblies are symmetrically installed at the bottoms of the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam, an anti-torsion secondary beam is provided between the pair of telescopic beam assemblies, and both ends of the anti-torsion secondary beam are respectively rotatably connected between a pair of main beams through a rotating shaft;

[0014] The bottom of the telescopic beam is rotatably installed with a vertical adjustment support through a universal ball hinge, and the vertical adjustment support can be attached to the coupling beam.

[0015] Each set of the climbing components includes a climbing connection seat and a crawler wheel. The crawler wheel is installed at the corners of the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam through the climbing connection seat, and the crawler wheel is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the core tube.

[0016] Each set of the telescopic tightening components includes a driving member, a self-locking oil cylinder, a self-locking screw rod, a self-locking sleeve and a tightening support structure; the self-locking sleeve is installed at the corners of the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam, the driving member is installed at the bottom of the self-locking sleeve, one end of the self-locking screw rod is screwed into the self-locking sleeve and connected to the output end of the driving member, and the other end of the self-locking screw rod is threadedly connected to the self-locking oil cylinder and connected to the piston in the self-locking oil cylinder; the tightening support structure is connected to the piston of the self-locking oil cylinder and is tightened against the inner wall of the core tube through the self-locking oil cylinder.

[0017] The described tightening support structure includes a universal hinge seat, a support top plate and an anti-overturning claw; one end face of the support top plate is rotatably connected to the self-locking oil cylinder through the universal hinge seat, and the other end face of the support top plate can be attached to the inner wall of the core tube through the self-locking oil cylinder; one end of the anti-overturning claw is arranged on the self-locking oil cylinder, and the other end of the anti-overturning claw can be tightened against the inner wall of the core tube and is located above the support top plate, and the supporting direction of the tightening support structure is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic beam assembly.

[0018] A self-climbing method without attachment parts for a self-climbing system without attachment parts of a heavy-duty tower crane includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: The two ends of the telescopic beam assemblies at the bottoms of the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam are respectively extended and inserted into the openings of the core tube, so that the tower crane is erected in the core tube;

[0020] Step 2: The telescopic tightening components around the upper support beam, the middle support beam and the lower support beam are extended and tightened against the inner wall of the core tube;

[0021] Step 3: The telescopic tightening components around the upper support beam are retracted and separated from the inner wall of the core tube;

[0022] Step 4: The upper support beam is lifted upward through the climbing components. After lifting in place, the two ends of the telescopic beam assemblies at the bottom of the upper support beam are respectively extended and inserted into the openings at the corresponding heights;

[0023] Step 5: The telescopic tightening components around the upper support beam are extended and tightened against the inner wall of the core tube;

[0024] Step 6: The telescopic jacking components around the middle-layer support beam retract and separate from the inner wall of the core tube. At the same time, both ends of the telescopic beam components at the bottom of the middle-layer support beam retract from the holes respectively;

[0025] Step 7: The middle-layer support beam is lifted upward through the climbing components. After lifting in place, both ends of the telescopic beam components at the bottom of the middle-layer support beam are extended and inserted into the holes at the corresponding height;

[0026] Step 8: The telescopic jacking components around the middle-layer support beam extend and press tightly against the inner wall of the core tube;

[0027] Step 9: The telescopic jacking components around the lower-layer support beam retract and separate from the inner wall of the core tube. At the same time, both ends of the telescopic beam components at the bottom of the lower-layer support beam retract from the holes respectively;

[0028] Step 10: The lower-layer support beam and the tower crane are lifted upward synchronously through the climbing components. After lifting in place, both ends of the telescopic beam components at the bottom of the lower-layer support beam are extended and inserted into the holes at the corresponding height;

[0029] Step 11: The telescopic jacking components around the lower-layer support beam extend and press tightly against the inner wall of the core tube;

[0030] Step 12: Repeat Steps 6 to 8 to lift the middle-layer support beam upward through the climbing components to the lower part of the upper-layer support beam, completing the climbing process of one tower crane.

[0031] When the telescopic jacking component presses tightly against the inner wall of the core tube, a pre-tightening force is applied to the support plate through a self-locking oil cylinder, and this pre-tightening force is 1.5 times the rated load;

[0032] Read the pressure value between the support plate and the inner wall of the core tube from the self-locking oil cylinder, and monitor the change of the pre-tightening force in real time. When the pre-tightening force changes, use automatic control for pre-tightening force compensation to always keep the pre-tightening force = 1.5 * rated load.

[0033] When the telescopic jacking component presses tightly against the inner wall of the core tube, a pressure sensor is provided on the support plate. The pre-tightening forces of all support plates against the inner wall of the core tube at the same height are monitored and collected in real time through the pressure sensor, and the pre-tightening forces of all support plates at the same height are controlled to be equal, so that the telescopic lengths of the telescopic jacking components at the same height are the same, and the verticality deviation of the tower crane is controlled within 0.2%.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. Since the present invention is provided with a telescopic beam assembly, it can achieve stable erection and climbing of the tower crane in the core tube through the telescoping of the telescopic beam and the cooperation with the openings on the core tube, using the coupling beam at the opening as a fulcrum to bear the gravity, without the need to set attachments such as corbels and embedded parts in the core tube, avoiding a large amount of installation and welding operations, reducing the amount of high-altitude work, being conducive to improving the lifting efficiency of the tower crane and reducing the lifting cost of the tower crane.

[0036] 2. Since the present invention is provided with a telescopic jacking assembly, it can horizontally telescope and jack against the inner wall of the core tube, ensuring the stability of the tower crane by means of extrusion contact and providing a reliable lateral support for climbing, without welding or bolt fixing, further improving the lifting efficiency of the tower crane; during climbing, the telescopic beam assembly of the two support beams provides the vertical force and the telescopic jacking assembly provides the horizontal force to ensure the stable and safe climbing of the other support beam.

[0037] 3. Since the present invention is provided with a climbing assembly, the climbing smoothness and uniformity of the upper, middle and lower support beams are ensured by using the tank wheels at the corners of the upper, middle and lower support beams.

[0038] 4. The present invention converts the bending moment and horizontal load during the operation of the tower crane into horizontal force and horizontal force couple and transmits them to the shear wall of the core tube, and the vertical load is transmitted to the coupling beam of the core tube through the telescopic beam assembly at the bottom, with a clear division of labor in the force bearing of the core tube; at the same time, since the telescopic jacking assembly is arranged at the corners of the upper, middle and lower support beams, the force is transmitted to the corner of the core tube, far from the mid-span position, greatly dispersing the force borne by the shear wall, improving the structural safety of the core tube, without the need for additional reinforcement of the core tube, and greatly reducing the reinforcement cost.

[0039] 5. The present invention can use automatic pressure control to realize the pre-tightening force control and automatic compensation of the telescopic jacking assembly against the inner wall of the core tube and the automatic leveling of the telescopic beam assembly on the coupling beam, with a high degree of automation, being easy to operate and control, and improving the safety during the climbing process of the tower crane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 is the installation schematic diagram of the attachment-free self-climbing system of the heavy-duty tower crane of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 is the installation plan view of the attachment-free self-climbing system of the heavy-duty tower crane of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 is the installation schematic diagram of the telescopic beam assembly in the attachment-free self-climbing system of the heavy-duty tower crane of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 is the telescoping schematic diagram of the main beam and the telescopic beam in the attachment-free self-climbing system of the heavy-duty tower crane of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 It is the installation schematic diagram of the anti-torsion secondary beam in the self-climbing system without attachment parts of the heavy-duty tower crane of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 It is the sectional view of the telescopic beam assembly disengaging from the opening in the self-climbing system without attachment parts of the heavy-duty tower crane of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 It is the sectional view of the telescopic beam assembly inserting into the opening in the self-climbing system without attachment parts of the heavy-duty tower crane of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 It is the front view of the climbing assembly in the self-climbing system without attachment parts of the heavy-duty tower crane of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9 It is the installation schematic diagram of the telescopic tightening assembly in the self-climbing system without attachment parts of the heavy-duty tower crane of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 10 It is the sectional view of the telescopic tightening assembly in the self-climbing system without attachment parts of the heavy-duty tower crane of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 11 It is the schematic diagram of the lifting process of the self-climbing method without attachment parts of the heavy-duty tower crane of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 12 It is the lifting principle diagram of the self-climbing method without attachment parts of the heavy-duty tower crane of the present invention.

[0052] In the figure, 1 is the tower crane, 2 is the upper support beam, 3 is the middle support beam, 4 is the lower support beam, 5 is the core tube, 51 is the opening, 52 is the coupling beam, 6 is the telescopic beam assembly, 61 is the main beam, 62 is the telescopic beam, 63 is the telescopic transmission machine, 64 is the row of rolling shafts, 65 is the anti-torsion secondary beam, 66 is the rotating shaft, 67 is the universal ball hinge, 68 is the vertical adjustment support, 7 is the climbing assembly, 71 is the climbing connection seat, 72 is the tank wheel, 8 is the telescopic tightening assembly, 81 is the driving part, 82 is the self-locking oil cylinder, 83 is the self-locking screw rod, 84 is the self-locking sleeve, 85 is the universal hinge seat, 86 is the support top plate, 87 is the anti-overturning claw. Detailed implementation manners

[0053] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0054] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 and the attached Figure 2, A self-climbing system without attachment components for an overloaded tower crane, comprising a tower crane 1, an upper support beam 2, a middle support beam 3, a lower support beam 4, a core tube 5, a telescopic beam assembly 6, a climbing assembly 7 and a telescopic tightening assembly 8; the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3 and the lower support beam 4 are all rectangular frame structures, the upper support beam 2 and the middle support beam 3 are installed through the tower crane 1, the lower support beam 4 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the tower crane 1, and the tower crane 1 is installed in the core tube 5 through the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3 and the lower support beam 4; a plurality of openings 51 are vertically spaced on the shear walls on both sides of the core tube 5, and at least one set of telescopic beam assemblies 6 are provided at the bottoms of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3 and the lower support beam 4, and both ends of the telescopic beam assembly 6 can be telescoped and inserted into the openings 51 of the shear walls on both sides, as shown in the attached Figure 7 figure, so that the tower crane 1 is erected in the core tube 5; climbing assemblies 7 are provided at the corners of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3 and the lower support beam 4, and the climbing assemblies 7 are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the core tube 5, so that the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3 and the lower support beam 4 can slide up and down along the inner wall of the core tube 5 through the climbing assemblies 7 respectively; telescopic tightening assemblies 8 are provided at the corners of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3 and the lower support beam 4, and the telescopic tightening assemblies 8 can horizontally extend and vertically press against the inner wall of the core tube 5, so that the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3 and the lower support beam 4 can be relatively fixed in the core tube 5 through the telescopic tightening assemblies 8. The telescopic beam assembly 6 sets the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3 and the lower support beam 4 at the openings 51 of the core tube 5 through telescoping, without setting embedded parts, attachment components, etc. in the core tube 5, avoiding a large amount of high-altitude installation and welding operations. The bending moment and horizontal load during the operation of the tower crane 1 are converted into horizontal forces and horizontal force couples and directly transmitted to the shear wall of the core tube 5, and the vertical load during the operation of the tower crane 1 is directly transmitted to the coupling beam 52 at the opening 51. During the climbing process, the telescopic tightening assembly 8 horizontally extends and vertically presses against the inner wall corners of the core tube 5, away from the mid-span position, greatly reducing the stress on the shear wall of the core tube 5, almost eliminating the need for additional reinforcement and significantly reducing the reinforcement cost.

[0055] Please refer to the attached Figure 3 、attached Figure 4 、attached Figure 6 and attached Figure 7, each telescopic beam assembly 6 includes a main beam 61, a telescopic beam 62, and a telescopic transmission mechanism 63; main beams 61 are fixedly installed at the bottoms of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4, and the two ends of the main beam 61 are respectively arranged facing the openings 51 on both sides of the shear walls of the core tube 5; one ends of a pair of telescopic beams 62 are respectively coaxially sleeved at the two ends of the main beam 61, a pair of telescopic transmission mechanisms 63 are respectively installed on the main beam 61, and the output ends of the pair of telescopic transmission mechanisms 63 are respectively connected to the pair of telescopic beams 62 correspondingly, so that the telescopic beam 62 can telescopically move coaxially relative to the main beam 61 through the telescopic transmission mechanism 63, and the other end of the telescopic beam 62 can be inserted into the openings 51 on both sides of the shear walls of the core tube 5 and rest on the coupling beam 52 at the bottom of the opening 51. When the tower crane 1 is operating, its vertical load is directly transmitted to the coupling beam 52 through the telescopic beam assembly 6, and the coupling beam 52 bears the gravity, reducing the stress on the shear walls of the core tube 5. Preferably, a chute is provided on the main beam 61 to facilitate the connection between the output end of the telescopic transmission mechanism 63 and the telescopic beam 62 after passing through the main beam 61, and at the same time, the output end can drive the telescopic beam 62 to slide and telescope along the chute.

[0056] A lubrication structure is provided on the main beam 61, so that the telescopic beam 62 and the main beam 61 can telescopically slide relative to each other through the lubrication structure, ensuring the flexibility of the telescopic movement of the telescopic beam 62.

[0057] Preferably, the lubrication structure is lubricating oil, such as butter, etc., and the lubricating oil is evenly applied on the surface of the telescopic beam 62 to ensure the relative telescopic flexibility between the telescopic beam 62 and the main beam 61.

[0058] Please refer to the appendix Figure 4 , preferably, the lubrication structure is a row of rolling shafts 64, the row of rolling shafts 64 are arranged at the top and bottom of the telescopic beam 62, and the axial direction of the rolling shafts of the row of rolling shafts 64 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the telescopic beam 62, so that the inner wall of the main beam 61 slides in contact with the outer wall of the telescopic beam 62 through the row of rolling shafts 64, ensuring the relative telescopic flexibility between the telescopic beam 62 and the main beam 61.

[0059] Please refer to the appendix Figure 5 , a pair of telescopic beam assemblies 6 are symmetrically installed at the bottoms of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4, and an anti-torsion secondary beam 65 is provided between the pair of telescopic beam assemblies 6. The two ends of the anti-torsion secondary beam 65 are respectively rotatably connected between a pair of main beams 61 through a rotating shaft 66. The anti-torsion secondary beam 65 can be rotated slightly relative to the main beam 61 through the rotating shaft 66 to prevent local torsion of the pair of main beams 61.

[0060] Please refer to the appendix Figure 5, the bottom of the telescopic beam 62 is rotatably installed with a vertical adjustment support 68 through a universal ball hinge 67. The vertical adjustment support 68 can be attached to the coupling beam 52. By using the rotation of the universal ball hinge 67 in all directions, it is ensured that the telescopic beam 62 can be completely attached to the coupling beam 52 and can adapt to the errors of the coupling beam 52.

[0061] Please refer to the appendix Figure 8 , each set of the climbing components 7 includes a climbing connection seat 71 and a crawler wheel 72. The crawler wheel 72 is installed at the corners of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4 through the climbing connection seat 71, and the crawler wheel 72 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the core tube 5. By configuring the crawler wheels 72 at the corners of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4, the stability during the lifting process of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4 can be ensured.

[0062] Please refer to the appendix Figure 9 and the appendix Figure 10 , each set of the telescopic tightening components 8 includes a driving member 81, a self-locking oil cylinder 82, a self-locking screw rod 83, a self-locking sleeve 84, and a tightening support structure; the self-locking sleeve 84 is installed at the corners of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4. The driving member 81 is installed at the bottom of the self-locking sleeve 84. One end of the self-locking screw rod 83 is screwed into the self-locking sleeve 84 and connected to the output end of the driving member 81. The other end of the self-locking screw rod 83 is threadedly connected to the self-locking oil cylinder 82 and connected to the piston in the self-locking oil cylinder 82; the tightening support structure is connected to the piston of the self-locking oil cylinder 82 and is tightened against the inner wall of the core tube 5 through the self-locking oil cylinder 82. The driving member 81 can adopt a hydraulic motor, which can achieve a "servo" effect. The hydraulic motor drives the self-locking screw rod 83 to rotate. The self-locking screw rod 83 is screwed into or out of the self-locking oil cylinder 82 through the thread, pushing out or retracting the piston in the self-locking oil cylinder 82, thereby pushing out or retracting the tightening support structure to make it tighten against the inner wall of the core tube 5 to achieve pre-tightening, or separating from the inner wall of the core tube 5. The mechanical self-locking between the self-locking screw rod 83 and the self-locking oil cylinder 82 is used to avoid phenomena such as "cylinder pulling and losing force" of the oil cylinder, ensuring the safety of elongation and tightening. At the same time, the end of the self-locking oil cylinder 82 monitors the load pressure through pressure induction.

[0063] Preferably, the telescopic tightening components 8 can be arranged as close as possible to the corner of the core tube 5, so as to transfer the bending moment and horizontal load to the corner position of the core tube 5, disperse the force on the shear wall of the core tube 5, and ensure the structural safety of the core tube 5. The telescopic tightening components 8 can be arranged at both ends of each corner of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4. The telescopic tightening components 8 can be installed on the bottom surface or side surface of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4 according to needs.

[0064] The described jacking support structure includes a universal hinge seat 85, a support top plate 86, and an anti-overturning claw 87; one end face of the support top plate 86 is rotatably connected to the self-locking oil cylinder 82 through the universal hinge seat 85, and the other end face of the support top plate 86 can be attached to the inner wall of the core tube 5 through the self-locking oil cylinder 82; one end of the anti-overturning claw 87 is arranged on the self-locking oil cylinder 82, and the other end of the anti-overturning claw 87 can be tightly abutted against the inner wall of the core tube 5 and is located above the support top plate 86, and the jacking direction of the jacking support structure is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic beam assembly 6. The rotation of the universal hinge seat 85 in all directions is used to adapt to the force changes at different positions of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4, so as to ensure the horizontal stability of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4, play a certain buffering role, and at the same time further improve its horizontal stability through the anti-overturning claw 87.

[0065] Please refer to the appendix Figure 1 to appendix Figure 12 , a self-climbing method for a heavy-duty tower crane without attachment parts, including the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: The two ends of the telescopic beam assembly 6 at the bottom of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4 respectively extend and are inserted into the hole 51 of the core tube 5, so that the tower crane 1 is erected in the core tube 5.

[0067] In the normal working state, the telescopic beam 62 of the telescopic beam assembly 6 horizontally extends outward through the telescopic transmission mechanism 63, the upper telescopic beam 62 is inserted into the hole 51 and rests on the connecting beam 52 at the bottom of the hole 51, so that the tower crane 1 is stably erected in the core tube 5, ensuring the normal operation of the tower crane 1.

[0068] At this time, each group of telescopic beam assemblies 6 is erected on the connecting beam 52 through the vertical adjustment support 68, improving the stability of the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4.

[0069] Step 2: The telescopic jacking assemblies 8 around the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4 extend and are tightly abutted against the inner wall of the core tube 5.

[0070] Specifically, the driving parts 81 of each group of telescopic jacking assemblies 8 around the upper support beam 2, the middle support beam 3, and the lower support beam 4 drive the self-locking screw rods 83 to rotate, so that the pistons of the self-locking oil cylinders 82 are pushed out, making the support top plates 86 and the anti-overturning claws 87 tightly abutted against the inner wall of the core tube 5, ensuring that the middle support beam 3 and the lower support beam 4 are horizontally supported in the core tube 5, and the tower crane 1 can be used to assist in building construction.

[0071] When climbing is required:

[0072] Step 3: The telescopic jacking assemblies 8 around the upper support beam 2 retract and are separated from the inner wall of the core tube 5.

[0073] Specifically, the telescopic beam 62 of the telescopic beam assembly 6 at the bottom of the upper support beam 2 retracts horizontally inward through the telescopic drive 63, and the telescopic beam 62 disengages from the hole 51, enabling the upper support beam 2 to be lifted by the lifting device.

[0074] Step 4: The upper support beam 2 is lifted upward through the climbing assembly 7. After being lifted in place, the two ends of the telescopic beam assembly 6 at the bottom of the upper support beam 2 are respectively extended and inserted into the holes 51 at the corresponding heights.

[0075] Specifically, the upper support beam 2 is lifted by the lifting device. During the lifting process, the tank wheels 72 of the climbing assembly 7 slide upward along the inner wall of the core tube 5 to ensure the lifting stability and uniform stress of the upper support beam 2. After being lifted in place, the telescopic beam 62 of the telescopic beam assembly 6 at the bottom of the upper support beam 2 extends horizontally outward through the telescopic drive 63, so that the telescopic beam 62 is inserted into the hole 51 and rests on the coupling beam 52 at the bottom of the hole 51.

[0076] Step 5: The telescopic tightening assemblies 8 around the upper support beam 2 extend and tighten against the inner wall of the core tube 5.

[0077] Specifically, the driving member 81 of each group of telescopic tightening assemblies 8 around the upper support beam 2 drives the self-locking screw rod 83 to rotate, causing the piston of the self-locking oil cylinder 82 to push out, so that the support top plate 86 and the anti-overturning claw 87 are tightened against the inner wall of the core tube 5, ensuring that the upper support beam 2 is horizontally supported in the core tube 5. Since the self-locking oil cylinder 82 and the self-locking screw rod 83 are connected by screw rotation, the screw engagement is used to achieve self-locking, which can effectively avoid falling accidents caused by control failure.

[0078] Step 6: The telescopic tightening assemblies 8 around the middle support beam 3 retract and separate from the inner wall of the core tube 5. At the same time, the two ends of the telescopic beam assembly 6 at the bottom of the middle support beam 3 respectively retract from the holes 51.

[0079] Specifically, the driving member 81 of each group of telescopic tightening assemblies 8 around the middle support beam 3 drives the self-locking screw rod 83 to rotate, causing the piston of the self-locking oil cylinder 82 to retract, so that the support top plate 86 and the anti-overturning claw 87 separate from the inner wall of the core tube 5; the telescopic beam 62 of the telescopic beam assembly 6 at the bottom of the middle support beam 3 retracts horizontally inward through the telescopic drive 63, and the telescopic beam 62 disengages from the hole 51, enabling the middle support beam 3 to be lifted by the lifting device and enabling the middle support beam 3 to move up and down in the core tube 5.

[0080] Step 7: The middle support beam 3 is lifted upward through the climbing assembly 7. After being lifted in place, the two ends of the telescopic beam assembly 6 at the bottom of the middle support beam 3 are respectively extended and inserted into the holes 51 at the corresponding heights.

[0081] Specifically, during the upward lifting process of the middle-layer support beam 3, the tank wheels 72 of each group of climbing components 7 around the middle-layer support beam 3 slide upward along the inner wall of the core tube 5 to ensure the lifting stability and uniform stress of the middle-layer support beam 3. After lifting in place, the telescopic beam 62 of the telescopic beam assembly 6 at the bottom of the middle-layer support beam 3 horizontally extends outward through the telescopic transmission mechanism 63, so that the telescopic beam 62 is inserted into the opening 51 and rests on the coupling beam 52 at the bottom of the opening 51.

[0082] Step 8: The telescopic tightening components 8 around the middle-layer support beam 3 extend and tighten against the inner wall of the core tube 5.

[0083] Specifically, the driving member 81 of each group of telescopic tightening components 8 around the middle-layer support beam 3 drives the self-locking screw rod 83 to rotate, so that the piston of the self-locking oil cylinder 82 is pushed out, and the support top plate 86 and the anti-overturning claw 87 are tightened against the inner wall of the core tube 5 to ensure that the middle-layer support beam 3 is horizontally supported and locked in the core tube 5 to prevent falling.

[0084] Step 9: The telescopic tightening components 8 around the lower-layer support beam 4 retract and separate from the inner wall of the core tube 5. At the same time, both ends of the telescopic beam assembly 6 at the bottom of the lower-layer support beam 4 retract from the opening 51 respectively.

[0085] Specifically, the driving member 81 of each group of telescopic tightening components 8 around the lower-layer support beam 4 drives the self-locking screw rod 83 to rotate, so that the piston of the self-locking oil cylinder 82 retracts, and the support top plate 86 and the anti-overturning claw 87 separate from the inner wall of the core tube 5; the telescopic beam 62 of the telescopic beam assembly 6 at the bottom of the lower-layer support beam 4 horizontally retracts inward through the telescopic transmission mechanism 63, and the telescopic beam 62 disengages from the opening 51, so that the lower-layer support beam 4 can be lifted by the lifting equipment and can move up and down in the core tube 5.

[0086] Step 10: The lower-layer support beam 4 and the tower crane 1 are synchronously lifted upward through the climbing components 7. After lifting in place, both ends of the telescopic beam assembly 6 at the bottom of the lower-layer support beam 4 are respectively extended and inserted into the openings 51 at the corresponding heights.

[0087] Specifically, during the upward lifting process of the lower-layer support beam 4 and the tower crane 1, the tank wheels 72 of each group of climbing components 7 around the lower-layer support beam 4 slide upward along the inner wall of the core tube 5 to ensure the lifting stability and uniform stress of the lower-layer support beam 4. After lifting in place, the telescopic beam 62 of the telescopic beam assembly 6 at the bottom of the lower-layer support beam 4 horizontally extends outward through the telescopic transmission mechanism 63, so that the telescopic beam 62 is inserted into the opening 51 and rests on the coupling beam 52 at the bottom of the opening 51.

[0088] Step 11: The telescopic tightening components 8 around the lower-layer support beam 4 extend and tighten against the inner wall of the core tube 5.

[0089] Specifically, the driving members 81 of each set of telescopic tightening assemblies 8 around the lower supporting beam 4 drive the self-locking screw rods 83 to rotate, pushing out the pistons of the self-locking oil cylinders 82, so that the supporting top plates 86 and anti-overturning claws 87 are tightened against the inner wall of the core tube 5, ensuring that the lower supporting beam 4 is horizontally supported and locked in the core tube 5 to prevent falling.

[0090] Step 12: Repeat Steps 6 to 8 to lift the middle supporting beam 3 upward through the climbing assembly 7 to the lower side of the upper supporting beam 2, completing the climbing process of a tower crane 1. The tower crane 1 can then enter the normal operation state. The lifting of the tower crane 1 can be reduced from 2 days to about 3 hours, greatly improving the lifting efficiency of the tower crane 1.

[0091] Preferably, when the telescopic tightening assembly 8 is tightened against the inner wall of the core tube 5, a pre-tightening force is applied to the supporting top plate 86 through the self-locking oil cylinder 82, and this pre-tightening force is 1.5 times the rated load. The pressure value (i.e., the applied pre-tightening force) between the supporting top plate 86 and the inner wall of the core tube 5 can be directly read from the self-locking oil cylinder 82, thereby ensuring the reliability of the application of the pre-tightening force during tightening. At the same time, the self-locking oil cylinder 82 can be used to monitor the change of the pre-tightening force of the supporting top plate 86 on the inner wall of the core tube 5 in real time, and when the pre-tightening force changes, automatic compensation of the pre-tightening force can be achieved by means of automatic control such as a PLC program, always maintaining the pre-tightening force F = 1.5 * rated load. If data anomalies occur during the monitoring process, alarm devices can be installed to give alarm reminders.

[0092] Preferably, when the telescopic tightening assembly 8 is tightened against the inner wall of the core tube 5, pressure sensors (not shown in the figure) are provided on the supporting top plate 86. Through automatic control means such as a PLC program, the pre-tightening forces of all supporting top plates 86 at the same height against the inner wall of the core tube 5 are monitored and collected in real time through the pressure sensors, and the pre-tightening forces of all supporting top plates 86 at the same height are controlled to be equal, so as to ensure that the telescopic lengths of each telescopic tightening assembly 8 at the same height are the same, making the forces at each point uniform, achieving the purpose of automatic leveling, and further ensuring the support stability of the upper supporting beam 2, the middle supporting beam 3, and the lower supporting beam 4, and controlling the verticality deviation of the tower crane within 0.2%. If data anomalies occur during the monitoring process, alarm devices can be installed to give alarm reminders.

[0093] Preferably, the upper supporting beam 2, the middle supporting beam 3, and the lower supporting beam 4 can be lifted by existing lifting methods such as sprockets. The lifting speed is V, and the lifting direction is vertically upward. As shown in the appendix Figure 10 shown, the lifting height can be determined according to construction requirements and will not be elaborated here. Similarly, the tower crane 1 can also be lowered in the present invention.

[0094] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-climbing system for an overloaded tower crane without attachment components, characterized in that: It includes a tower crane (1), an upper support beam (2), a middle support beam (3), a lower support beam (4), a core tube (5), a telescopic beam assembly (6), a climbing assembly (7) and a telescopic tightening assembly (8); the upper support beam (2), the middle support beam (3) and the lower support beam (4) are all rectangular frame structures. The upper support beam (2) and the middle support beam (3) are installed through the tower crane (1), and the lower support beam (4) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the tower crane (1). The tower crane (1) is installed in the core tube (5) through the upper support beam (2), the middle support beam (3) and the lower support beam (4); a number of openings (51) are vertically spaced on the shear walls on both sides of the core tube (5). At least one set of telescopic beam assemblies (6) are provided at the bottom of the upper support beam (2), the middle support beam (3) and the lower support beam (4). The two ends of the telescopic beam assembly (6) can be telescoped and inserted into the openings (51) of the shear walls on both sides, so that the tower crane (1) is erected in the core tube (5); climbing assemblies (7) are provided at the corners of the upper support beam (2), the middle support beam (3) and the lower support beam (4), and the climbing assemblies (7) are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the core tube (5), so that the upper support beam (2), the middle support beam (3) and the lower support beam (4) can slide up and down along the inner wall of the core tube (5) through the climbing assemblies (7) respectively; telescopic tightening assemblies (8) are provided at the corners of the upper support beam (2), the middle support beam (3) and the lower support beam (4). The telescopic tightening assemblies (8) can horizontally extend and vertically press against the inner wall of the core tube (5), so that the upper support beam (2), the middle support beam (3) and the lower support beam (4) can be relatively fixed in the core tube (5) through the telescopic tightening assemblies (8); Each set of the telescopic beam assemblies (6) includes a main beam (61), a telescopic beam (62) and a telescopic transmission machine (63); main beams (61) are fixedly installed at the bottoms of the upper support beam (2), the middle support beam (3) and the lower support beam (4), and the two ends of the main beam (61) are respectively arranged facing the openings (51) on the shear walls on both sides of the core tube (5); One ends of a pair of telescopic beams (62) are respectively coaxially sleeved at the two ends of the main beam (61). A pair of telescopic transmission machines (63) are respectively installed on the main beam (61), and the output ends of the pair of telescopic transmission machines (63) are respectively connected to the pair of telescopic beams (62) correspondingly, so that the telescopic beam (62) can be coaxially telescoped relative to the main beam (61) through the telescopic transmission machine (63), and the other ends of the telescopic beams (62) can be inserted into the openings (51) of the shear walls on both sides of the core tube (5) and rest on the coupling beam (52) at the bottom of the opening (51); A lubrication structure is provided on the main beam (61) so that the telescopic beam (62) and the main beam (61) slide telescopically relative to each other through the lubrication structure; the lubrication structure is a row of rolling shafts (64), and the row of rolling shafts (64) is arranged at the top and bottom of the telescopic beam (62), and the axial direction of the rolling shafts of the row of rolling shafts (64) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the telescopic beam (62), so that the inner wall of the main beam (61) is in sliding contact with the outer wall of the telescopic beam (62) through the row of rolling shafts (64). A pair of telescopic beam assemblies (6) are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the upper support beam (2), the middle support beam (3) and the lower support beam (4). An anti-torsion secondary beam (65) is arranged between the pair of telescopic beam assemblies (6), and both ends of the anti-torsion secondary beam (65) are rotatably connected between a pair of main beams (61) through rotating shafts (66). The bottom of the telescopic beam (62) is rotatably installed with a vertical adjustment support (68) through a universal ball hinge (67), and the vertical adjustment support (68) can be attached to the connecting beam (52).

2. The self-climbing system without attachment components for heavy-duty tower cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each climbing assembly (7) includes a climbing connection seat (71) and a tank wheel (72). The tank wheel (72) is installed at the corners of the upper support beam (2), the middle support beam (3) and the lower support beam (4) through the climbing connection seat (71), and the tank wheel (72) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the core tube (5).

3. The self-climbing system without attachment parts for the heavy-duty tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each telescopic tightening assembly (8) includes a driving member (81), a self-locking oil cylinder (82), a self-locking screw rod (83), a self-locking sleeve (84) and a tightening support structure; the self-locking sleeve (84) is installed at the corners of the upper support beam (2), the middle support beam (3) and the lower support beam (4), the driving member (81) is installed at the bottom of the self-locking sleeve (84), one end of the self-locking screw rod (83) is screwed into the self-locking sleeve (84) and connected to the output end of the driving member (81), and the other end of the self-locking screw rod (83) is threadedly screwed to the self-locking oil cylinder (82) and connected to the piston in the self-locking oil cylinder (82); the tightening support structure is connected to the piston of the self-locking oil cylinder (82) and is tightened against the inner wall of the core tube (5) through the self-locking oil cylinder (82).

4. The self-climbing system without attachment parts for the heavy-duty tower crane according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tightening support structure includes a universal hinge seat (85), a support top plate (86) and an anti-overturning claw (87); one end face of the support top plate (86) is rotatably connected to the self-locking oil cylinder (82) through the universal hinge seat (85), and the other end face of the support top plate (86) can be attached to the inner wall of the core tube (5) through the self-locking oil cylinder (82); one end of the anti-overturning claw (87) is arranged on the self-locking oil cylinder (82), and the other end of the anti-overturning claw (87) can be tightened against the inner wall of the core tube (5) and is located above the support top plate (86), and the supporting direction of the tightening support structure is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic beam assembly (6).

5. The self-climbing method without attachment members of the self-climbing system without attachment members of the heavy-duty tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: The two ends of the telescopic beam assemblies (6) at the bottom of the upper support beam (2), the middle support beam (3) and the lower support beam (4) are respectively extended and inserted into the hole (51) of the core tube (5) so that the tower crane (1) is erected in the core tube (5). Step 2: The telescopic jacking assemblies (8) around the upper support beam (2), middle support beam (3) and lower support beam (4) extend and press against the inner wall of the core tube (5). Step 3: The telescopic jacking assemblies (8) around the upper support beam (2) retract and separate from the inner wall of the core tube (5). Step 4: The upper support beam (2) is lifted upward through the climbing assembly (7). After lifting in place, the two ends of the telescopic beam assembly (6) at the bottom of the upper support beam (2) are respectively extended and inserted into the openings (51) at the corresponding height. Step 5: The telescopic jacking assemblies (8) around the upper support beam (2) extend and press against the inner wall of the core tube (5). Step 6: The telescopic jacking assemblies (8) around the middle support beam (3) retract and separate from the inner wall of the core tube (5). At the same time, the two ends of the telescopic beam assembly (6) at the bottom of the middle support beam (3) respectively retract from the openings (51). Step 7: The middle support beam (3) is lifted upward through the climbing assembly (7). After lifting in place, the two ends of the telescopic beam assembly (6) at the bottom of the middle support beam (3) are respectively extended and inserted into the openings (51) at the corresponding height. Step 8: The telescopic jacking assemblies (8) around the middle support beam (3) extend and press against the inner wall of the core tube (5). Step 9: The telescopic jacking assemblies (8) around the lower support beam (4) retract and separate from the inner wall of the core tube (5). At the same time, the two ends of the telescopic beam assembly (6) at the bottom of the lower support beam (4) respectively retract from the openings (51). Step 10: The lower support beam (4) and the tower crane (1) are synchronously lifted upward through the climbing assembly (7). After lifting in place, the two ends of the telescopic beam assembly (6) at the bottom of the lower support beam (4) are respectively extended and inserted into the openings (51) at the corresponding height. Step 11: The telescopic jacking assemblies (8) around the lower support beam (4) extend and press against the inner wall of the core tube (5). Step 12: Repeat Steps 6 to 8 to lift the middle support beam (3) upward through the climbing assembly (7) to the lower side of the upper support beam (2), completing the climbing process of one tower crane (1). When the telescopic jacking assembly (8) presses against the inner wall of the core tube (5), a pre-tightening force is applied to the support roof plate (86) through the self-locking oil cylinder (82), and this pre-tightening force is 1.5 times the rated load. Read the pressure value between the support roof plate (86) and the inner wall of the core tube (5) from the self-locking oil cylinder (82), and monitor the change of the pre-tightening force in real time. When the pre-tightening force changes, use automatic control for pre-tightening force compensation to always maintain the pre-tightening force = 1.5 * rated load. When the telescopic jacking assembly (8) presses against the inner wall of the core tube (5), pressure sensors are provided on the support roof plate (86). The pre-tightening forces of all support roof plates (86) against the inner wall of the core tube (5) at the same height are monitored and collected in real time through the pressure sensors, and the pre-tightening forces of all support roof plates (86) at the same height are controlled to be equal, so that the telescopic lengths of each telescopic jacking assembly (8) at the same height are the same, and the verticality deviation of the tower crane is controlled within 0.2%.

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