Anti-icing wind turbine blade and wind turbine generator

Abstract

The present invention relates to an anti-icing wind turbine blade and a wind turbine generator, comprising a blade body, a windward outer curved surface of the blade body being provided with a groove, a heat insulating layer, a heating layer and a deicing layer made of a shape memory material being arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside in the groove, a plurality of first heat transfer sheet layer structures being arranged inside the deicing layer, the first heat transfer sheet layer structures being arranged perpendicular to the outer curved surface, the anti-icing wind turbine blade of the present invention having high heat utilization rate, low heat loss and good deicing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deicing of wind turbine blades, and in particular to an anti-deicing wind turbine blade and a wind turbine generator. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Icing of wind turbine blades directly affects the normal operation of wind power generation equipment and the safety of personnel operation. As wind turbine blades need to have sufficient structural strength and meet the requirements of light weight and fluid appearance, they are currently mainly made of glass fiber and carbon fiber composite materials. However, most wind turbine blades in service do not have anti-icing capabilities. Ice on the blade surface under extreme conditions will directly affect the efficiency of wind power generation, and in severe cases will lead to shutdown.

[0004] Currently, there is a method of de-icing wind turbine blades by using the deformation of shape memory epoxy resin materials set in the ice-prone areas of wind turbine blades. The shape memory epoxy resin material needs to be heated to deform it. However, the inventors found that this method of de-icing by relying on the deformation of the shape memory epoxy resin material has low heat utilization, high heat loss, and poor de-icing effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide an anti-icing wind turbine blade with high heat utilization rate, low heat loss and good deicing effect.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-deicing wind turbine blade, including a blade body, a windward outer curved surface of the blade body is provided with a groove, and an insulating layer, a heating layer and a deicing layer made of shape memory material are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside in the groove, and a plurality of first heat transfer sheet layer structures are doped inside the deicing layer, and the first heat transfer sheet layer structures are arranged perpendicular to the outer curved surface.

[0008] Optionally, the deicing layer is made of an epoxy resin material having shape memory properties.

[0009] Optionally, the thermal insulation layer is made of resin-based glass fiber material.

[0010] Optionally, the first heat transfer sheet layer structure adopts a graphene oxide sheet layer structure.

[0011] Optionally, along the span direction of the blade body, the distribution density of the first heat transfer sheet layer structure gradually increases.

[0012] Optionally, along the chord direction of the blade body, the distribution density of the first heat transfer sheet layer structure decreases gradually from the center of the blade body to both sides.

[0013] Optionally, the heating layer is a polyimide heating film.

[0014] Optionally, a heat-insulating layer is laid on the groove surface of the groove, the end of the deicing layer along the chord direction of the blade body is connected to one end of a plurality of elastic members, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the heat-insulating layer laid in the bottom groove surface of the groove perpendicular to the outer curved surface;

[0015] Furthermore, the space between the ends of the deicing layer, the heat insulating layer and the heating layer along the chord direction and the heat insulating layer of the bottom groove surface is filled with heat conductive material, and the heat insulating layer is doped with a plurality of second heat transfer sheet layer structures arranged parallel to the outer curved surface.

[0016] Optionally, the second heat transfer sheet layer structure adopts a graphene oxide sheet layer structure.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wind turbine generator provided with the anti-icing wind turbine blades described in the first aspect.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. The anti-icing wind turbine blade of the present invention has a first heat transfer sheet layer structure, which can transfer the heat of the heating layer to the outside, heat the ice layer attached to the surface of the blade, and perform heating deicing. At the same time, the heating layer heats the deicing layer, which can cause the deicing layer to deform and perform mechanical deicing, thereby realizing the combination of mechanical deicing and heating deicing, achieving good deicing effect, improving heat utilization, and reducing heat loss.

[0020] 2. The anti-icing wind turbine blade of the present invention has a heat insulation layer, which reduces the heat transferred from the heating layer to the inside of the wind turbine blade, effectively reduces the thermal damage to the inside of the wind turbine blade caused by the heat of the anti-icing heating layer, and improves the anti-icing efficiency.

[0021] 3. For the anti-icing wind turbine blade of the present invention, the distribution density of the first heat transfer layer structure gradually increases along the span direction of the blade body, and gradually decreases along the chord direction of the blade body from the center of the blade body to both sides. The first heat transfer layer structure is arranged according to the ice thickness at different positions of the blade body, which ensures the anti-icing effect while minimizing the number of the first heat transfer layer structures to be arranged, thereby reducing the processing cost of the wind turbine blade.

[0022] 4. The anti-deicing wind turbine blade of the present invention has a spring, which can apply elastic force to the deicing layer to prevent the deicing layer from being greatly deformed and affecting the wing curve of the blade body.

[0023] 5. The anti-icing wind turbine blade of the present invention has a heat-conducting material, and a second heat transfer sheet layer structure parallel to the outer curved surface is arranged in the heat insulation layer. The heat transferred from the heating layer to the heat insulation layer can be transferred to the heat-conducting material through the second heat transfer sheet layer structure, and then transferred to the deicing layer by the heat-conducting material, thereby improving the utilization rate of heat and reducing heat loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the present application.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the deicing layer, the heating layer and the heat insulation layer in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Among them, 1. de-icing layer, 2. heating layer, 3. insulation layer, 4. blade body, 5. spring, 6. first heat transfer sheet layer structure, 7. heat conductive material, 8. insulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment provides an anti-icing wind turbine blade, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, it includes a blade body 4. The blade body 4 can adopt the existing wind turbine blade structure, which has a windward surface and a leeward surface. The windward surface is an outer curved surface convex outward. Since the windward surface is prone to icing, an anti-icing component is set on the windward surface.

[0030] In this embodiment, a groove is provided on the windward outer curved surface of the blade body, and the anti-icing assembly is embedded in the groove. The outer side surface of the anti-icing assembly is flush with the outer side surfaces of other parts of the blade body.

[0031] The anti-deicing assembly comprises a heat insulation layer 3, a heating layer 2 and a deicing layer 1 which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside of the groove.

[0032] The de-icing layer 1 is made of shape memory material, and under the stimulation of the heating conditions of the heating layer, it can produce a slight deformation of shape, destroy the adhesion of ice accumulation, and thus achieve mechanical de-icing.

[0033] The deicing layer 1 in this embodiment is made of epoxy resin material with shape memory function.

[0034] A plurality of first heat transfer sheet layer structures 6 are doped inside the deicing layer 1, and the first heat transfer sheet layer structures 6 are arranged perpendicular to the outer curved surface.

[0035] The first heat transfer sheet layer structure 6 can transfer the heat generated by the heating layer to the ice layer attached to the surface of the blade body 4, heat the ice layer, and achieve heating deicing, thereby realizing the combination of mechanical deicing and heating deicing, with good deicing effect, improved heat utilization, and reduced heat loss.

[0036] The first heat transfer sheet structure 6 in this embodiment adopts a graphene oxide sheet structure. The graphene oxide two-dimensional material has the characteristic of anisotropy. By arranging the graphene oxide layer in a direction perpendicular to the outer curved surface, it is consistent with the heat transfer path and serves as an enhanced heat transfer enhancement phase. By combining the two anti-icing principles of heat transfer and shape memory, the purpose of low-energy wind turbine blade anti-icing is achieved.

[0037] When the blade body 4 is frozen, the ice thickness gradually increases along the span direction of the blade body 4, that is, from the installation end to the tip of the blade body. Therefore, the distribution density of the first heat transfer sheet layer structure 6 gradually increases along the span direction of the blade body.

[0038] Specifically, along the span direction of the blade body, the area of ​​the blade body to be de-iced is divided into four areas: A1, A2, A3 and A4. The doping amount of graphene oxide in area A4 is higher than that in area A3, the doping amount of graphene oxide in area A3 is higher than that in area A2, and the doping amount of graphene oxide in area A2 is higher than that in area A1.

[0039] When the blade body is frozen, the ice thickness gradually decreases from the center of the blade body 4 to both sides along the chord direction of the blade body 4. Therefore, the distribution density of the first heat transfer layer structure gradually decreases from the center of the blade body to both sides along the chord direction of the blade body.

[0040] Specifically, along the chord direction of the blade body 4, the area at the center of the blade body is area B3, and the two sides of area B3 are area B2 and area B1 respectively. The graphene oxide doping amount in area B3 is higher than that in area B2, and the graphene oxide doping amount in area B2 is higher than that in area B1.

[0041] This arrangement ensures the anti-icing effect while minimizing the number of first heat transfer sheet layer structures 6 to the greatest extent, thereby reducing the processing cost of wind turbine blades.

[0042] The heating layer 2 adopts the existing polyimide heating film, which is connected with a resistance wire, and is heated by the energized resistance wire.

[0043] The heat insulation layer 3 is made of resin-based glass fiber material, which has a low heat transfer capacity, reduces the heat transferred from the heating layer to the inside of the wind turbine blade, effectively reduces the heat damage to the inside of the wind turbine blade caused by the heat of the anti-icing heating layer 2, and improves the anti-icing efficiency.

[0044] In the present embodiment, a heat-insulating layer 8 is laid on the groove surface of the groove. The heat-insulating layer 8 is made of existing heat-insulating materials. The heat-insulating layers are in contact with each other. Both ends of the de-icing layer along the chord direction are connected to one end of a plurality of elastic members. In the present embodiment, the elastic members are springs 5. Specifically, a push plate is provided at the end of the de-icing layer along the chord direction. The push plate is made of high thermal conductivity materials such as tubes or silver. A fixing bolt is provided between the push plate and the heat-insulating layer laid on the bottom groove surface of the groove perpendicular to the outer curved surface. The fixing bolt is sleeved with a spring. One end of the spring is in contact with the push plate, and the other end is in contact with the heat-insulating layer. By setting the spring, the de-icing layer can be prevented from being greatly deformed, which would affect the wing-shaped curve of the blade.

[0045] At the same time, the space between the end of the anti-deicing assembly along the chord direction of the blade body and the insulation layer of the bottom groove surface is filled with heat conductive material 7, which is a high thermal conductivity material such as copper or silver. A plurality of second heat transfer sheet layer structures are arranged in the insulation layer parallel to the outer curved surface.

[0046] The second heat transfer sheet layer structure in this embodiment adopts a graphene oxide sheet layer structure.

[0047] The working principle of the anti-icing wind turbine blade of this embodiment is:

[0048] The heating layer 2 generates heat, which is transferred outward through the first heat transfer sheet structure 6 to dissolve ice on the surface of the blade body 4. At the same time, under the action of the heating layer 2, the deicing layer 1 is heated and deformed to achieve mechanical deicing.

[0049] The second heat transfer sheet structure in the heat insulation layer 3 transfers heat to the heat conductive material 7, and the heat conductive material transfers the heat and acts as a thermal excitation to the end of the deicing layer 1, causing the deicing layer to deform, thereby improving the heat utilization rate and deicing effect.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] This embodiment provides a wind turbine generator, which is provided with the anti-icing wind turbine blades described in Embodiment 1. The other structures of the wind turbine generator can adopt the existing structures and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-icing wind turbine blade, comprising a blade body, characterized in that: A groove is provided on the windward outer curved surface of the blade body, and a heat insulating layer, a heating layer and a deicing layer made of shape memory material are arranged in sequence in the groove from the inside to the outside, and a plurality of first heat transfer sheet layer structures are arranged inside the deicing layer, and the first heat transfer sheet layer structures are arranged perpendicular to the outer curved surface; the groove surface of the groove is paved with a heat insulating layer, and the end of the deicing layer along the chord direction of the blade body is connected to one end of a plurality of elastic members, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the heat insulating layer laid in the bottom groove surface of the groove perpendicular to the outer curved surface; the elastic member is a spring.

2. The anti-icing wind turbine blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deicing layer is made of epoxy resin material with shape memory characteristics.

3. The anti-icing wind turbine blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation layer is made of resin-based glass fiber material.

4. The anti-icing wind turbine blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heat transfer sheet layer structure adopts a graphene oxide sheet layer structure.

5. The anti-icing wind turbine blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the span direction of the blade body, the distribution density of the first heat transfer sheet layer structure gradually increases.

6. The anti-icing wind turbine blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the chord direction of the blade body, the distribution density of the first heat transfer sheet layer structure decreases gradually from the center of the blade body to both sides.

7. The anti-icing wind turbine blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating layer adopts a polyimide heating film.

8. The anti-icing wind turbine blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The space between the ends of the deicing layer, the heat insulating layer and the heating layer along the chord direction and the heat insulating layer of the bottom groove surface is filled with heat conducting material, and a plurality of second heat transfer sheet layer structures arranged parallel to the outer curved surface are arranged in the heat insulating layer.

9. The anti-icing wind turbine blade according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second heat transfer sheet layer structure adopts a graphene oxide sheet layer structure.

10. A wind turbine generator, characterized in that: An anti-icing wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is provided.

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