Optical sampling device for rock degradation and damage on steep slopes of abandoned open-pit mines with water storage

Abstract

The present invention discloses an optical sampling device for deteriorated and damaged rock mass on a high and steep slope of a water-storage abandoned open-pit mine, which comprises: a fixed column, which is laterally inserted into the rock mass of the slope, the upper end of the fixed column being connected to an anchor cable, and one end of the anchor cable being connected to an external mounting point; a mounting main part, which is vertically fixed to the lower end surface of the fixed column, and the mounting main part is constructed into a two-section telescopic structure; a distance adjustment component, which is laterally fixed to the lower end of the mounting main part, and the mounting main part is provided with a hydraulic telescopic rod, and the distance adjustment component can perform horizontal distance measurement based on the surface of the slope rock mass; an optical sampling component, which is installed on the distance adjustment component and is used for covering scanning the surface of the slope rock mass; and a track change fine-tuning component, which is connected between the optical sampling component and the distance change fine-tuning component, the optical sampling component being slidably arranged on the track change fine-tuning component, and the sliding trajectory of the optical sampling component is fine-tuned by the track change fine-tuning component, so that the optical sampling component can be equidistantly erected on one side of the slope rock mass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of rock mass deterioration degree, and in particular relates to an optical sampling device for rock mass deterioration damage on high and steep rock slopes of abandoned water-storage open-pit mines. Background Art

[0002] Affected by geological tectonic movements and rock deposition and metamorphism and other related factors, there are many complex structural features such as defects and cracks inside the rock mass, as well as discontinuity, inhomogeneity, etc. At present, in the development and utilization of underground space, the degree of deterioration of the rock mass can effectively reflect the state of the rock mass in the underground space. In the related art, the rock mass is sampled by drilling, and the overall deterioration of the underground space is evaluated based on the deterioration degree of the sampled samples. However, drilling sampling is frequent, the steps are cumbersome, the cycle is long, and the cost is high. In addition, it is impossible to obtain the degree of rock deterioration in the actual on-site environment, and it is impossible to achieve effective early warning and assessment of the rock mass state. Therefore, those skilled in the art provide an optical sampling device for rock degradation damage on steep slopes of abandoned open-pit mines with water storage type to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an optical sampling device for rock degradation and damage on steep slopes of abandoned open-pit mines with water storage, comprising:

[0004] A fixed column is inserted transversely into the slope rock mass, the upper end of the fixed column is connected to an anchor cable, and one end of the anchor cable is connected to an external mounting point;

[0005] A mounting main part is vertically fixed to the lower end surface of the fixing column, and the mounting main part is constructed as a two-section retractable structure;

[0006] A distance adjustment component is transversely fixed to the lower end of the main mounting member, and a hydraulic telescopic rod is provided on the main mounting member. The distance adjustment component can perform horizontal distance measurement based on the surface of the slope rock mass;

[0007] an optical sampling assembly, mounted on the distance measuring and adjusting assembly, for performing a covering scan on the surface of the slope rock mass; and

[0008] The track change fine-tuning component is connected between the optical sampling component and the ranging adjustment component. The optical sampling component is slidably set on the track change fine-tuning component, and the track change fine-tuning component fine-adjusts its sliding trajectory so that the optical sampling component can be equidistantly set on one side of the slope rock mass.

[0009] Furthermore, preferably, the distance measurement adjustment component includes:

[0010] An upper connecting frame is transversely fixed below the main mounting member;

[0011] An inner screw is rotatably arranged in the upper frame via a bearing, a drive motor is mounted on one side of the upper frame, and an output end of the drive motor is connected to the inner screw;

[0012] The transmission seat is slidably arranged on the inner screw rod through the meshing action of the threads;

[0013] A guide rod, horizontally fixed on the transmission base; and

[0014] The laser distance measuring device is laterally arranged on the guide rod in a relatively slidable manner. A driving wheel is provided on one side of the laser distance measuring device, and the driving wheel displaces and slides along the inner rail groove opened on one side of the transmission seat.

[0015] Furthermore, preferably, the track change fine-tuning component includes:

[0016] Support frame;

[0017] An adjustment bracket is fixed parallel to one side of the support frame through a side plate;

[0018] An outer rail member is fixedly attached to the adjustment bracket, and both the adjustment bracket and the outer rail member are made of a plastic material with high elastic deformation; and

[0019] The fine-tuning telescopic rods are arranged in a plurality of groups, and each of the fine-tuning telescopic rods is horizontally connected between the adjustment bracket and the outer rail.

[0020] Furthermore, preferably, the optical sampling assembly includes:

[0021] An outer rail frame is slidably connected to the track changing and fine-tuning assembly, and a guide wheel is relatively rotatably provided in the outer rail frame, and the guide wheel is in abutment contact with the track changing and fine-tuning assembly;

[0022] The receiving frame is vertically fixed on one side of the outer rail frame;

[0023] The central shaft is rotatably arranged on the receiving frame, and the receiving frame is provided with a built-in motor, and the built-in motor is connected to the central shaft for transmission through gear meshing;

[0024] A connecting rod is vertically fixed to one end of the central axis;

[0025] A supporting main board is slidably arranged on the connecting rod;

[0026] An electric telescopic rod is vertically fixed on the connecting rod, and an output end of the electric telescopic rod is connected to the supporting main board; and

[0027] The sampling devices are multiple and evenly arranged, and each sampling device is vertically fixed on the supporting main board.

[0028] Furthermore, preferably, the cross section of the supporting main board is configured as an arc-shaped structure, and the arc angle thereof is 50°-85°.

[0029] Furthermore, preferably, the sampling device comprises:

[0030] body;

[0031] An image collecting device is coaxially fixed on the machine body;

[0032] A plurality of light column members are arranged symmetrically on a circumference, and each of the light column members is fixed parallel to the body;

[0033] a dimming device, slidably disposed on the body, and configured to adjust the light source rays of the light column member; and

[0034] An air pressure pump is installed on one side of the machine body, and an output end of the air pressure pump is connected to the dimming device through a connecting hose.

[0035] Furthermore, preferably, the dimming device includes:

[0036] An inner sealed chamber is coaxially fixed in the machine body, and a gas pressure plug is relatively slidably provided in the inner sealed chamber;

[0037] A shaft connecting sleeve is coaxially arranged outside the image collecting device in a relatively slidable manner, and the upper end of the shaft connecting sleeve is connected to the air pressure plug;

[0038] Limit springs, which are multiple groups arranged in parallel, each of which is connected between the gas pressure plug and the inner sealing chamber; and

[0039] The focusing sleeve is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each of the light column components. The focusing sleeve is fixed to the shaft connecting sleeve and is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the light column component in a relatively slidable manner. A plurality of through holes are opened on the circumference of the focusing sleeve.

[0040] Furthermore, preferably, the spacing between the through holes above the light-focusing sleeve is smaller than the spacing between the through holes below the light-focusing sleeve.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] In the present invention, a fixed column is inserted transversely into the rock mass of the open-pit mine rock slope, and a mounting main part is vertically provided at one end of the fixed column. An upper coupling frame is transversely fixed on the mounting main part. A laser ranging device is transversely displaced in the upper coupling frame through threaded engagement transmission. The laser ranging device can preferentially perform preliminary rock mass feature scanning on the rock mass of the open-pit mine rock slope, and then the track change fine-tuning component can fine-tune the displacement trajectory of the optical sampling component, so that the optical sampling component can always maintain an equidistant state with the slope rock mass, thereby improving the accuracy of optical sampling; especially in the optical sampling of the slope rock mass, the circumferential rotation of the central axis and the vertical extension of the electric telescopic sensor enable multiple sampling devices to synchronously perform circumferential expansion scanning, thereby forming a multi-point hemispherical scanning trajectory, so as to accurately sample the cracks in various parts of the slope rock mass; at the same time, during the optical sampling process, the dimming device can adjust the component to perform corresponding focused or scattered light illumination according to the ambient light in which the slope rock mass is located, so that the imaging device can obtain a clear contour image. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the distance measurement adjustment component in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the track change fine-tuning component in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the optical sampling assembly in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling device in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the dimming device in the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of optical sampling displacement in the present invention;

[0050] In the figure: 1 fixed column, 11 anchor cable, 2 main mounting part, 21 hydraulic telescopic rod, 3 distance measurement adjustment component, 31 upper coupling frame, 32 inner screw, 33 drive motor, 34 transmission seat, 35 laser distance measurement device, 4 track change fine adjustment component, 41 support frame, 42 adjustment bracket, 43 outer rail part, 44 fine adjustment telescopic rod, 5 optical sampling component, 51 outer rail frame, 52 guide wheel, 53 receiving frame, 54 central axis, 55 connecting rod, 56 electric telescopic rod, 57 bearing main board, 6 sampling device, 61 body, 62 imaging device, 63 air pressure pump, 64 light column component, 7 dimming device, 71 inner sealing chamber, 72 shaft sleeve, 73 air pressure plug, 74 through hole, 75 focusing sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] See also Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present invention, an optical sampling device for rock degradation and damage on a steep rock slope in a water-storage abandoned open-pit mine comprises:

[0052] The fixed column 1 is inserted horizontally into the slope rock mass, and the upper end of the fixed column 1 is connected to an anchor cable, and one end of the anchor cable 11 is connected to an external mounting point;

[0053] The main installation component 2 is vertically fixed to the lower end surface of the fixing column 1, and the main installation component 2 is constructed into a two-stage retractable structure;

[0054] The distance adjustment component 3 is laterally fixed to the lower end of the main mounting component 2. The main mounting component 2 is provided with a hydraulic telescopic rod 21. The distance adjustment component 3 can perform horizontal distance measurement based on the surface of the slope rock mass;

[0055] An optical sampling component 5, mounted on the distance measuring and adjusting component 3, for performing a covering scan on the surface of the slope rock mass; and

[0056] The track-changing fine-tuning component 4 is connected between the optical sampling component 5 and the distance-measuring adjustment component 3. The optical sampling component 5 is slidably set on the track-changing fine-tuning component 4, and the track-changing fine-tuning component 4 fine-adjusts its sliding trajectory so that the optical sampling component 5 can be equidistantly set on one side of the slope rock mass. It should be noted that before the optical sampling component works, the sampling distance of the optical sampling component is preferentially positioned by the distance-measuring adjustment component. At this time, since the surface of the slope rock mass has uneven shapes, if the optical sampling component works directly, it will result in unclear imaging and difficult to achieve accurate contour lines. The track-changing fine-tuning component can adjust the trajectory of the optical sampling component according to the characteristic morphology of the slope rock mass surface, thereby ensuring the precise operation of the optical sampling component.

[0057] In this embodiment, the distance measurement adjustment component 3 includes:

[0058] An upper connecting frame 31 is transversely fixed below the main mounting member 2;

[0059] An inner screw 32 is rotatably disposed in the upper bracket 31 via a bearing. A drive motor 33 is mounted on one side of the upper bracket 31 , and an output end of the drive motor 33 is connected to the inner screw 32 .

[0060] The transmission seat 34 is slidably arranged on the inner screw 32 through the action of thread engagement;

[0061] A guide rod, horizontally fixed on the transmission base 34; and

[0062] The laser distance measuring device 35 is laterally arranged on the guide rod so as to slide relatively. A driving wheel is provided on one side of the laser distance measuring device 35, and the driving wheel slides along the inner track groove opened on one side of the transmission seat 34. The laser distance measuring device can preferentially define the distance length and obtain the rough contour difference of the slope rock surface through the initial lateral displacement scan. At this time, the inner screw adjusts the displacement of the transmission seat under the action of rotation, so that the optical sampling assembly can be at a relatively moderate distance from the slope rock.

[0063] As a preferred embodiment, the track change fine-tuning component 4 includes:

[0064] Support frame 41;

[0065] The adjustment bracket 42 is fixed parallel to one side of the support frame 41 through a side plate;

[0066] The outer rail member 43 is fixedly attached to the adjustment bracket 42 , and both the adjustment bracket 42 and the outer rail member 43 are made of a plastic material with high elastic deformation; and

[0067] The fine-tuning telescopic rods 44 are arranged in a plurality of groups, and each of the fine-tuning telescopic rods 44 is horizontally connected between the adjustment bracket 42 and the outer rail 43 .

[0068] In this embodiment, the optical sampling component 5 includes:

[0069] The outer rail frame 51 is slidably connected to the track-changing fine-tuning assembly 4. A guide wheel 52 is relatively rotatably provided in the outer rail frame 43. The guide wheel 52 abuts against the track-changing fine-tuning assembly 4.

[0070] The receiving frame 53 is vertically fixed to one side of the outer rail frame 43;

[0071] The central shaft 54 ​​is rotatably disposed on the receiving frame 53. The receiving frame 53 is provided with a built-in motor (not shown in the figure). The built-in motor is connected to the central shaft 54 ​​through gear meshing.

[0072] A connecting rod 55 is vertically fixed to one end of the central shaft 54;

[0073] The supporting main board 57 is slidably disposed on the connecting rod 55;

[0074] An electric telescopic rod 56 is vertically fixed on the connecting rod 55 , and an output end of the electric telescopic rod 56 is connected to the supporting main board 57 ; and

[0075] The sampling devices 6 are arranged in a uniform arrangement, and each sampling device 6 is vertically fixed to the carrier main board 57. The rotation of the central axis and the axial extension and contraction of the electric telescopic rod enable the multiple sampling devices on the carrier main board to displace in a circular expansion manner, thereby forming a hemispherical scanning trajectory. After reaching the maximum length, they can be quickly reset in the reverse direction, and the outer rail frame can be driven to the next point during horizontal displacement, thereby forming a multi-point hemispherical scanning trajectory.

[0076] In this embodiment, the cross section of the supporting main plate 57 is configured as an arc structure with an arc angle of 50°-85° so that the sampling devices distributed thereon can completely cover the outer contour of the slope rock body.

[0077] In this embodiment, the sampling device 6 includes:

[0078] Body 61;

[0079] An imaging device 62 is coaxially fixed to the body 61;

[0080] The light column members 64 are arranged in a symmetrical manner on the circumference, and each of the light column members 64 is fixed parallel to the body 61; they can effectively provide illumination light for the imaging device;

[0081] A dimming device 7 is slidably disposed on the body 61 and is used to adjust the light source rays of the light column member 64; and

[0082] The air pressure pump 63 is installed on one side of the body 61 , and the output end of the air pressure pump 63 is connected to the dimming device 7 through a connecting hose.

[0083] As a preferred embodiment, the dimming device 7 includes:

[0084] An inner sealed chamber 71 is coaxially fixed in the body 61, and a gas pressure plug 73 is relatively slidably provided in the inner sealed chamber 71;

[0085] A shaft connecting sleeve 72 is coaxially arranged outside the image collecting device 62 and can slide relative to it. The upper end of the shaft connecting sleeve 72 is connected to the air pressure plug 73.

[0086] Limit springs, which are multiple groups arranged in parallel, each of which is connected between the gas pressure plug 73 and the inner sealing chamber 71; and

[0087] The focusing sleeve 75 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the light column members 64. The focusing sleeve 75 is fixed to the shaft sleeve 72 and is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the light column member 64 for relative sliding. A plurality of through holes 74 are opened on the circumference of the focusing sleeve 75. That is to say, the light column member can be completely inserted into the focusing sleeve or partially inserted outside the focusing sleeve through the displacement and sliding of the shaft sleeve.

[0088] In this embodiment, the spacing between the through holes 74 located above the focusing sleeve 75 is smaller than the spacing between the through holes 74 located below it. When the light column member is at the extreme depth in the focusing sleeve (i.e., its center point), a small part of the light source at the end of the light column member can be concentrated and diverged, but part of the light is diffused through the multiple through holes at the upper layer of the focusing sleeve; when the light column member is at the middle depth in the focusing sleeve, most of the light source at the end of the light column member can be concentrated and diverged, and a small part of the light is diffused through the multiple through holes at the upper layer of the focusing sleeve; and when the light column member partially extends out of the focusing sleeve, the light source at the end of the light column member can be completely diffused, thereby achieving a multi-level light source lighting effect.

[0089] Specifically, in the optical sampling of rock mass on the rock slope of an open-pit mine, the fixed column is preferentially inserted horizontally into the rock mass on the slope. At this time, the laser ranging device can preferentially perform a preliminary rock feature scan on the rock mass on the rock slope of the open-pit mine, and then the track change fine-tuning component can fine-tune the displacement trajectory of the optical sampling component. The sampling device can rotate the central axis and cooperate with the axial extension and contraction of the electric telescopic rod to enable multiple sampling devices on the supporting main board to displace in a circular expansion and form a hemispherical scanning trajectory, thereby improving the sampling accuracy.

[0090] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Optical sampling device for rock degradation and damage on steep slopes of abandoned open-pit mines with water storage, characterized by: It includes: A fixed column (1) is inserted transversely into the slope rock mass, the upper end of the fixed column (1) is connected to an anchor cable (11), and one end of the anchor cable (11) is connected to an external mounting point; A mounting main part (2) is vertically fixed to the lower end surface of the fixing column (1), and the mounting main part (2) is constructed into a two-stage telescopic structure; A distance measuring and adjusting component (3) is transversely fixed to the lower end of the main mounting component (2), the main mounting component (2) being provided with a hydraulic telescopic rod (21), and the distance measuring and adjusting component (3) is capable of performing horizontal distance measurement based on the surface of the slope rock mass; An optical sampling component (5) is mounted on the distance measuring and adjusting component (3) and is used for performing a covering scan on the surface of the slope rock mass; as well as The track change fine-tuning component (4) is connected between the optical sampling component (5) and the distance measurement adjustment component (3). The optical sampling component (5) is slidably arranged on the track change fine-tuning component (4), and the track change fine-tuning component (4) fine-adjusts its sliding track so that the optical sampling component (5) can be equidistantly set on one side of the slope rock mass.

2. The optical sampling device for rock mass degradation and damage on steep slopes of abandoned open-pit mines with water storage as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: The distance measurement adjustment component (3) comprises: An upper connecting frame (31) is transversely fixed below the main mounting member (2); An inner screw (32) is relatively rotatably arranged in the upper frame (31) via a bearing, a drive motor (33) is installed on one side of the upper frame (31), and an output end of the drive motor (33) is connected to the inner screw (32); A transmission seat (34) is slidably arranged on the inner screw (32) through thread engagement; A guide rod horizontally fixed on the transmission seat (34); and The laser distance measuring device (35) is laterally arranged on the guide rod in a relatively slidable manner. A driving wheel is provided on one side of the laser distance measuring device (35). The driving wheel slides along an inner rail groove provided on one side of the transmission seat (34).

3. The optical sampling device for rock degradation and damage on steep slopes of abandoned open-pit mines with water storage as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: The track change fine adjustment component (4) comprises: Support frame (41); An adjustment bracket (42) is fixed parallel to one side of the support frame (41) through a side plate; The outer rail member (43) is fixedly attached to the adjustment bracket (42), and the adjustment bracket (42) and the outer rail member (43) are both made of a plastic material with high elastic deformation; and The fine-tuning telescopic rods (44) are arranged in a plurality of groups, and each of the fine-tuning telescopic rods (44) is horizontally connected between the adjustment bracket (42) and the outer rail member (43).

4. The optical sampling device for rock degradation and damage on steep slopes of abandoned open-pit mines with water storage as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: The optical sampling assembly (5) comprises: An outer rail frame (51) is slidably connected to the track-changing fine-adjusting assembly (4); a guide wheel (52) is relatively rotatably provided in the outer rail frame (51); the guide wheel (52) is in contact with the track-changing fine-adjusting assembly (4); A receiving frame (53) is vertically fixed on one side of the outer rail frame (51); A central shaft (54) is relatively rotatably arranged on the receiving frame (53); a built-in motor is provided on the receiving frame (53); and the built-in motor is connected to the central shaft (54) for transmission through gear meshing. A connecting rod (55) is vertically fixed to one end of the central shaft (54); A supporting main board (57) is relatively slidably arranged on the connecting rod (55); An electric telescopic rod (56) is vertically fixed on the connecting rod (55), and an output end of the electric telescopic rod (56) is connected to the supporting main board (57); and The sampling devices (6) are multiple and evenly arranged, and each sampling device (6) is vertically fixed on the supporting main board (57).

5. The optical sampling device for rock degradation and damage on steep slopes of abandoned open-pit mines with water storage as claimed in claim 4 is characterized by: The cross section of the supporting main plate (57) is configured as an arc structure, and the arc angle thereof is 50°-85°.

6. The optical sampling device for rock degradation and damage on steep slopes of abandoned open-pit mines with water storage as claimed in claim 4 is characterized by: The sampling device (6) comprises: body (61); An imaging device (62) is coaxially fixed on the machine body (61); A plurality of light column members (64) are arranged symmetrically on a circumference, and each of the light column members (64) is fixed in parallel on the machine body (61); A dimming device (7) is relatively slidably arranged on the body (61), and the dimming device (7) is used to adjust the light source rays of the light column member (64); and An air pressure pump (63) is installed on one side of the machine body (61), and an output end of the air pressure pump (63) is connected to the dimming device (7) via a connecting hose.

7. The optical sampling device for rock mass degradation and damage on steep slopes of abandoned open-pit mines with water storage as claimed in claim 6 is characterized by: The dimming device (7) comprises: An inner sealed chamber (71) is coaxially fixed in the machine body (61), and a gas pressure plug (73) is relatively slidably provided in the inner sealed chamber (71); A shaft connecting sleeve (72) is coaxially arranged outside the image collecting device (62) so as to be relatively slidable, and the upper end of the shaft connecting sleeve (72) is connected to the air pressure plug (73); Limit springs are arranged in parallel in a plurality of groups, each of which is connected between the gas pressure plug (73) and the inner sealing chamber (71); and A light-gathering sleeve (75) is provided corresponding to each of the light-column components (64). The light-gathering sleeve (75) is fixed to the shaft-connecting sleeve (72) and is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the light-column components (64) in a relatively slidable manner. A plurality of through holes (74) are provided on the circumference of the light-gathering sleeve (75).

8. The optical sampling device for rock degradation and damage on steep slopes of abandoned open-pit mines with water storage as claimed in claim 7 is characterized by: The spacing between the through holes (74) located above the light-concentrating sleeve (75) is smaller than the spacing between the through holes (74) located below the light-concentrating sleeve (75).

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