Gliding electric vehicle drive hub

Abstract

To address the problem of significant resistance caused by the interaction between the motor rotor and stator when encountering downhill slopes or being manually propelled in existing electric vehicle drive hub technologies, this invention proposes a gliding electric vehicle drive hub, comprising an axle, stator, rotor, hub, and tire. The axle is fixedly connected to the front or rear fork of the electric vehicle. The stator is fixed to the axle, the rotor is fitted onto the outside of the stator, the hub is fitted onto the outside of the rotor, and the tire is mounted on the outer circumference of the hub's outer ring. The hub bearing is a one-way bearing with its inner ring rotating freely counterclockwise. The beneficial technical effect of this gliding electric vehicle drive hub is that the wheel is separated from the motor rotor. Through a one-way bearing or a spring-loaded one-way bearing, when the wheel speed is lower than the motor rotor speed, the motor rotor drives the wheel to rotate; conversely, when the wheel speed is higher than the motor rotor speed, the wheel glides freely. Furthermore, it can also be used in reverse gear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to electric vehicle drive hub technology, and more particularly to a gliding electric vehicle drive hub. Background Technology

[0002] An electric vehicle drive hub refers to a drive structure where the electric vehicle drive motor and wheel are designed as a single unit. Typically, a permanent magnet motor is used as the drive motor, with a stator at the center and a rotor on the outer circumference. The motor stator, composed of laminated silicon steel sheets and coils, is fixed to the axle and connected to the electric vehicle's front or rear fork. The motor rotor, composed of permanent magnets, is mounted radially outside the motor stator, and its axial sides are integrated with the hub and fixed to the axle via bearings. The electric vehicle tire is directly mounted radially outside the motor rotor. When current flows through the motor stator, the magnetic field generated by the current interacts with the permanent magnets, driving the motor rotor to rotate. Since the motor rotor is integrated with the electric vehicle hub, its rotation is equivalent to the rotation of the electric vehicle wheel, thus propelling the electric vehicle forward. Hub drive significantly simplifies the electric vehicle's drive structure, reduces the transmission mechanism, and improves energy efficiency. However, because the drive motor rotor and the electric vehicle hub are integrated, the interaction between the motor rotor and the motor stator can create significant resistance when encountering downhill terrain or when manually propelled.

[0003] Clearly, existing electric vehicle drive hub technology has problems such as the interaction between the motor rotor and stator causing significant resistance to the electric vehicle's movement when encountering downhill or being pushed by human force. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in electric vehicle drive hub technology, such as the significant resistance caused by the interaction between the motor rotor and stator when encountering downhill or being manually propelled, this invention proposes a gliding electric vehicle drive hub.

[0005] This invention relates to a gliding electric vehicle drive hub, comprising an axle, a stator, a rotor, a hub, and a tire; the axle is fixedly connected to the front or rear fork of the electric vehicle; the stator is fixed to the axle and includes a stator coil and a stator disk, the stator coil being fixed on the circumference of the stator disk, and the center of the stator disk being fixed to the axle; the rotor is fitted onto the outside of the stator and includes a permanent magnet ring, a rotor disk, and a rotor bearing; the left and right sides of the permanent magnet ring are respectively fixed to the axle via left and right rotor disks and left and right rotor bearings, and the rotor... Two sub-bearings are arranged side by side; a cylindrical step for mounting the hub bearing is provided on the outer side of the center of the rotor disk; the hub is fitted on the outside of the rotor and includes a rim, a hub disk, and a hub bearing; the rim has a double-ring structure, with its inner and outer rings connected by supporting ribs; the left and right sides of the inner ring of the rim are fixed to the cylindrical step on the outside of the rotor disk by left and right hub disks and left and right hub bearings, respectively; the tire is mounted on the outer circle of the outer ring of the hub; wherein, the hub bearing is a one-way bearing with its inner ring rotating freely counterclockwise.

[0006] Furthermore, a spring-loaded one-way bearing is used to replace the hub bearing to achieve power transmission between the rotor disk and the hub disk, and this replacement can be unilateral or bilateral. When a spring-loaded one-way bearing replaces the hub bearing on one side, the original one-way bearing is replaced with a regular two-way bearing, and a spring-loaded one-way bearing is installed between the rotor disk and the hub disk on that side.

[0007] The one-way bearing is a nested spring one-way bearing, comprising a rotor flange I, a hub flange I, a one-way bearing I, a resistance spring I, and a load-bearing bearing I. The disc portion of the rotor flange I is fixedly connected to the rotor disc, and the tubular portion is fitted onto the axle. The rotor disc is fixed to the axle via a rotor bearing, and the hub disc is fixed to the inner side of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange I via a hub bearing. The disc portion of the hub flange I is fixedly connected to the hub disc, and the tubular portion is fitted onto the outer side of the tube portion of the rotor flange I. The one-way bearing I is installed within the space formed by the outer side of the inner circle of the tube portion of the hub flange I and the outer side of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange I, and the inner diameter of the inner ring of the one-way bearing is larger than the outer diameter of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange I. The resistance spring I is installed between the hub bearing and the one-way bearing I, driven by the rotor... Within the cylindrical space formed by the outer circle of flange I and the inner circle of wheel rim flange I, the inner and outer diameters of the resistance spring I slide in contact with the outer circle of rotor flange I and the inner circle of wheel rim flange I, respectively. One end of the resistance spring I is fixed to the inner ring side of the wheel rim bearing, and the other end is fixed to the inner ring side of the one-way bearing I. The load bearing I is fixed side-by-side with the one-way bearing I on the outside of the one-way bearing I. The wheel rim bearing and the load bearing I are ordinary double-acting bearings. The one-way bearing I is a one-way bearing whose inner ring rotates freely counterclockwise. The resistance spring I is a closely packed spring wound counterclockwise, with load rings welded to both ends. The load rings are circular rings with a rectangular cross-section, and their inner and outer diameters match the inner and outer diameters of the resistance spring I, respectively.

[0008] or,

[0009] The spring one-way bearing is a parallel spring one-way bearing, comprising a rotor flange II, a hub flange II, a one-way bearing II, a resistance spring II, an outer support bearing, and an inner support bearing. The disc portion of the rotor flange II is fixedly connected to the rotor disc, and its tubular portion is fitted onto the axle. The rotor disc is fixed to the axle via a rotor bearing, and the hub disc is fixed to the inner side of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange II via a hub bearing. The disc portion of the hub flange II is fixedly connected to the hub disc, and its left section is fixed to the outer side of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange II via an inner support bearing. The inner circle of its middle section has the same diameter as the inner circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange II, and is fitted adjacent to and parallel to the tube portion of the rotor flange II on the outer side of the axle. The right section of its tube portion is fixed to the axle via an outer support bearing, and a one-way bearing II is installed parallel to it on the inner side of the outer support bearing. The inner diameter of the inner ring of bearing II is larger than the diameter of the axle; the resistance spring II is installed in the cylindrical space formed by the outer circle of the axle, the inner circle of the rotor flange II tube, and the inner circle of the middle section of the wheel flange II tube between the rotor bearing and the one-way bearing II, and the inner and outer diameters of the resistance spring II slide in fit with the outer circle, the inner circle of the rotor flange II tube, and the inner circle of the middle section of the wheel flange II tube, respectively; one end of the resistance spring II is fixed to the inner wall of the left end of the inner circle of the rotor flange II, and the other end is fixed to the side of the inner ring of the one-way bearing II; wherein, the one-way bearing II is a one-way bearing whose inner ring rotates freely counterclockwise; the resistance spring II is a closely packed spring wound counterclockwise, and two bearing rings are welded to its two ends, the bearing rings being circular rings with a rectangular cross-section, and their inner and outer diameters matching the inner and outer diameters of the resistance spring II, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, a spring assembly is used to replace the hub bearing to achieve power transmission between the rotor disk and the hub disk, and this replacement can be single-sided or double-sided. When a spring assembly is used to replace the hub bearing on one side, both single-direction wheel bearings on both sides are replaced with ordinary double-direction bearings. Simultaneously, a spring assembly is installed between the rotor disk and the hub disk on that side. The spring assembly is a combination of a spring clutch and a spring single-direction bearing. The rotor disk is fixed to the outer circle of the axle by the rotor bearing. The spring assembly includes a rotor flange III, a hub flange III, a resistance spring III, a resistance spring IV, a single-direction bearing III, a flange back cover, a trigger ring III, a flat bearing III, an electric push rod III, a return spring III, and a support bearing III. The disc portion of sub-flange III is fixedly connected to the rotor disc. The tube portion has a double-layer structure consisting of an inner tube and an outer tube. The inner circle of the inner tube is fitted onto the outside of the output shaft, and the outer circle of the outer tube is fixed to the hub disc via a hub bearing. The disc portion of hub flange III is fixedly connected to the hub disc. The step of the left section of its tube portion is fixed to the end of the outer circle of the rotor flange III's outer tube via a support bearing III. The inner diameter of the middle section of its tube portion is the same as the inner diameter of the outer tube of rotor flange III and they are arranged adjacent to each other. The step of the right section of its tube portion is fixed to a one-way bearing III, and the inner diameter of the one-way bearing III is larger than the outer diameter of the middle tube of the flange rear cover. The flange rear cover has a disc structure, with an axially extending middle tube in the middle of the disc. The inner and outer diameters of the middle tube are respectively the inner diameter and outer diameter of the inner tube of rotor flange III. The diameter and outer diameter are the same; the length of the middle tube is based on the gap between the front end of the middle tube and the rear end of the inner tube of the rotor flange III after the flange back cover is fastened and fixed to the end of the hub flange III; the resistance spring III is set in the cylindrical space formed by the outer circle of the wheel axle, the inner circle of the inner tube of the rotor flange III, and the inner circle of the middle tube of the flange back cover, and its right end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right end of the inner tube of the rotor flange III; the resistance spring IV is set in the cylindrical space formed by the outer circle of the inner tube of the rotor flange III, the outer circle of the middle tube of the flange back cover, the inner circle of the outer tube of the rotor flange III, and the inner circle of the middle section of the tube of the hub flange III, and its right end is fixed to the right side of the outer tube of the rotor flange III, and its left end is fixed to the side of the inner ring of the one-way bearing III; the trigger ring III, the flat bearing III, and the electric push rod III are sequentially adjacent to the resistance spring III and from From left to right, the components are fitted onto the outer circumference of the wheel axle. The trigger ring III is a hollow cylindrical structure with large and small steps; its smaller step outer circumference matches the inner circumference of the flange rear cover's central tube and partially extends into the inner circumference of the flange rear cover's central tube. The flat bearing III is installed between the rear end of the large step of the trigger ring III and the electric push rod III. The electric push rod III is fitted onto the wheel axle and does not rotate with the wheel axle. The electric push rod III can push the trigger ring III towards the resistance spring III via the flat bearing III. The return spring III is fitted between the front side of the large step of the trigger ring III and the rear side of the flange rear cover. The resistance spring III is a clockwise wound, closely spaced spring; the resistance spring IV is a counterclockwise wound, closely spaced spring; and the one-way bearing III is a one-way bearing whose inner ring rotates freely counterclockwise.The two ends of the resistance springs III and IV are respectively welded with bearing rings. These bearing rings are circular rings with a rectangular cross-section, and their inner and outer diameters match the inner and outer diameters of resistance springs III and IV, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the total inner clearance of the resistance spring III or IV is less than 0.20 mm, and the total outer clearance is between 0.20 mm and 1.00 mm; wherein, the total inner clearance refers to the difference between the inner diameter of the resistance spring and the inner diameter of the cylindrical space it is fitted with; the total outer clearance refers to the difference between the outer diameter of the resistance spring and the outer diameter of the cylindrical space it is fitted with.

[0012] Furthermore, the resistance springs I to VI are high-dimensional structures with high surface finish, where both the inner and outer circles are ground.

[0013] Furthermore, the resistance springs I to IV are wound in two strands, and the pitch of the resistance spring is larger than the diameter of the steel wire used to wind the resistance spring, and they are arranged at 180 degrees on the circumference.

[0014] Furthermore, the resistance springs I to IV are wound in three strands, and the pitch of the resistance spring is larger than twice the diameter of the steel wire used to wind the resistance spring, and they are arranged at 120 degrees on the circumference.

[0015] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the winding steel wire of the resistance springs I to IV is rectangular.

[0016] The beneficial technical effect of this invention's gliding electric vehicle drive hub is that the wheel is separated from the motor rotor. When the wheel speed is lower than the motor rotor speed via a one-way bearing or spring one-way bearing, the motor rotor drives the wheel to rotate; conversely, the wheel glides freely. Furthermore, it can also be driven in reverse. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Appendix Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the external appearance of Embodiment 1 of the gliding electric vehicle drive hub of the present invention;

[0018] Appendix Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Appendix Figure 3 This is an exploded three-dimensional schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Appendix Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the appearance of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0021] Appendix Figure 5 These are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of Embodiment 2 of the present invention and cross-sectional schematic diagrams of nested spring one-way bearings;

[0022] Appendix Figure 6This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the parallel spring one-way bearing of the present invention;

[0023] Appendix Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the spring assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Appendix Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the resistance spring after both the inner and outer circles of the present invention have been ground.

[0025] Appendix Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention, which has two resistance springs;

[0026] Appendix Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention, which has three resistance springs;

[0027] Appendix Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the steel wire wound with the resistance spring of the present invention having a rectangular cross-sectional shape.

[0028] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrates the gliding electric vehicle drive hub of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Appendix Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the external appearance of Embodiment 1 of the gliding electric vehicle drive hub of the present invention, with attached... Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, attached. Figure 3This is an exploded three-dimensional schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; in the figure, 1 is the axle, 2 is the stator, 2-1 is the stator coil, 2-2 is the stator disk, 3 is the rotor, 3-1 is the permanent magnet ring, 3-2 is the rotor disk, 3-3 is the rotor bearing, 4 is the hub, 4-1 is the wheel rim, 4-2 is the hub disk, 4-3 is the hub bearing, and 5 is the tire. As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a gliding electric vehicle drive hub, comprising an axle 1, a stator 2, a rotor 3, a hub 4, and a tire 5. The axle 1 is fixedly connected to the front or rear fork of the electric vehicle. The stator 2 is fixed on the axle 1 and includes a stator coil 2-1 and a stator disk 2-2. The stator coil 2-1 is fixed on the circumference of the stator disk, and the center of the stator disk 2-2 is fixed on the axle. The rotor 3 is fitted onto the outside of the stator and includes a permanent magnet ring 3-1, a rotor disk 3-2, and a rotor bearing 3-3. The left and right sides of the permanent magnet ring 3-1 are fixed to the axle by the left and right rotor disks 3-2 and the left and right rotor bearings 3-3, respectively. The rotor bearings 3-3 are arranged in two parallel rows. A cylindrical step for mounting the hub bearing is provided on the outer side of the center of the rotor disk 3-2. The hub 4 is fitted onto the outside of the rotor and includes a wheel rim 4-1, a hub disk 4-2, and a hub bearing 4-3. The wheel rim 4-1 has a double-ring structure, with its inner and outer rings connected by supporting ribs. The left and right sides of the inner ring of the wheel rim 4-1 are fixed to the cylindrical step on the outer side of the rotor disk by the left and right hub disks 4-2 and the left and right hub bearings 4-3, respectively. The tire is mounted on the outer circle of the outer ring of the hub. The hub bearing 4-3 is a one-way bearing whose inner ring rotates freely counterclockwise. This invention provides a gliding electric vehicle drive hub that separates the hub from the rotor, allowing them to be rotatably connected by a hub bearing. Furthermore, the inner ring of the hub bearing is fixedly connected to the rotor disk, and the outer ring of the hub bearing is fixedly connected to the hub disk. Because the wheel hub bearing is a one-way bearing with its inner ring rotating freely counterclockwise, when the electric vehicle encounters a downhill slope or is pushed forward manually, the wheel hub disc will rotate clockwise, which is equivalent to the inner ring of the one-way bearing rotating counterclockwise; therefore, the electric vehicle's forward movement is free and unrestricted. When the drive motor starts, the clockwise rotation speed of the motor rotor exceeds the wheel hub speed, which is equivalent to the inner ring of the one-way bearing rotating clockwise. The inner ring of the one-way bearing will then drive the outer ring to rotate clockwise as well, i.e., the rotor drives the wheel hub, thus driving the electric vehicle forward. Therefore, this invention allows the sliding electric vehicle drive hub to separate the wheel hub from the rotor. Through the one-way bearing, when the wheel speed is lower than the motor rotor speed, the motor rotor drives the wheel to rotate; otherwise, the wheel slides freely.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] Appendix Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the appearance of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, with attached... Figure 5 These are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of Embodiment 2 of the present invention and nested spring one-way bearings, attached. Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the parallel spring one-way bearing of the present invention; in the figure, 1 is the axle, 2 is the stator, 3 is the rotor, 3-2 is the rotor disk, 3-3 is the rotor bearing, 4 is the hub, 4-2 is the hub disk, 4-3 is the hub bearing, 5 is the tire, 6 is the nested spring one-way bearing, 6-1 is the rotor flange I, 6-2 is the wheel rim flange I, 6-3 is the one-way bearing I, 6-4 is the resistance spring I, 6-5 is the load bearing I, 7 is the parallel spring one-way shaft, 7-1 is the rotor flange II, 7-2 is the wheel rim flange II, 7-3 is the one-way bearing II, 7-4 is the resistance spring II, 7-5 is the outer support bearing, and 7-6 is the inner support bearing. As shown in the figure, to improve the torque transmission capability between the motor rotor and the hub, as one of the improvement solutions, this embodiment 2 uses a spring-loaded one-way bearing to replace the hub bearing to realize the power transmission between the rotor disk and the hub disk, and it can be a single-sided replacement or a double-sided replacement; when a spring-loaded one-way bearing is used to replace the hub bearing on one side, the original one-way bearing is replaced with a regular two-way bearing, and a spring-loaded one-way bearing is set between the rotor disk and the hub disk on that side; wherein:

[0033] The one-way bearing is a nested spring one-way bearing 6, comprising a rotor flange I6-1, a hub flange I6-2, a one-way bearing I6-3, a resistance spring I6-4, and a load-bearing bearing I6-5. The disc portion of the rotor flange I6-1 is fixedly connected to the rotor disc, and the tube portion is fitted onto the axle. The rotor disc is fixed to the axle by the rotor bearing, and the hub disc is fixed to the inner side of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange I by the hub bearing. The disc portion of the hub flange I6-2 is fixedly connected to the hub disc, and the tube portion is fitted onto the outer side of the tube portion of the rotor flange I. The one-way bearing I6-3 is installed within the space formed by the outer side of the inner circle of the tube portion of the hub flange I and the outer side of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange I, and the inner diameter of the inner ring of the one-way bearing is larger than the outer diameter of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange I. The resistance spring I6-4 is installed on the hub shaft. Within the cylindrical space formed by the outer circle of the rotor flange I tube and the inner circle of the wheel rim flange I tube, the inner and outer diameters of the resistance spring I slide in fit with the outer circle of the rotor flange I tube and the inner circle of the wheel rim flange I tube, respectively. One end of the resistance spring I is fixed to the side of the inner ring of the wheel rim bearing, and the other end is fixed to the side of the inner ring of the one-way bearing I. The load bearing I 6-5 is fixed alongside the one-way bearing I on the outside of the one-way bearing I. The wheel rim bearing and the load bearing I are ordinary double-acting bearings. The one-way bearing I is a one-way bearing whose inner ring rotates freely counterclockwise. The resistance spring I is a closely packed spring wound counterclockwise, with load rings welded to both ends. The load rings are circular rings with a rectangular cross-section, and their inner and outer diameters match the inner and outer diameters of the resistance spring I, respectively.

[0034] or,

[0035] The spring one-way bearing is a parallel spring one-way bearing 7, including a rotor flange II 7-1, a hub flange II 7-2, a one-way bearing II 7-3, a resistance spring II 7-4, an outer support bearing 7-5, and an inner support bearing 7-6. The disc portion of the rotor flange II 7-1 is fixedly connected to the rotor disc, and the tube portion is fitted onto the axle. The rotor disc is fixed to the axle by a rotor bearing, and the hub disc is fixed to the inner side of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange II by a hub bearing. The disc portion of the hub flange II 7-2 is fixedly connected to the hub disc, and its left tube portion is fixed to the outer side of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange II by an inner support bearing 7-6. The inner circle of its middle tube portion has the same diameter as the inner circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange II, and is fitted adjacent to and parallel to the tube portion of the rotor flange II on the outer side of the axle. The right tube portion is fixed to the axle by an outer support bearing 7-5, and is parallel to the inner side of the outer support bearing. A one-way bearing II 7-4 is installed, and the inner diameter of the inner ring of the one-way bearing II is larger than the diameter of the wheel axle; the resistance spring II 7-4 is installed in a cylindrical space between the rotor bearing and the one-way bearing II, which is formed by the outer circle of the wheel axle, the inner circle of the rotor flange II tube, and the inner circle of the middle section of the wheel flange II tube, and the inner and outer diameters of the resistance spring II slide in fit with the outer circle of the wheel axle, the inner circle of the rotor flange II tube, and the inner circle of the middle section of the wheel flange II tube, respectively; one end of the resistance spring II is fixed to the inner wall of the left end of the inner circle of the rotor flange II, and the other end is fixed to the side of the inner ring of the one-way bearing II; wherein, the one-way bearing II is a one-way bearing whose inner ring rotates freely counterclockwise; the resistance spring II is a closely packed spring wound counterclockwise, and a bearing ring is welded to each of the two ends. The bearing ring is a circular ring with a rectangular cross-section, and its inner and outer diameters match the inner and outer diameters of the resistance spring II, respectively. In Embodiment 2 of this invention, the connection structure between the motor rotor and the wheel hub is changed to a spring-loaded one-way bearing, which can significantly improve the torque transmission capacity between the rotor and the wheel hub. When the electric vehicle encounters a downhill slope or is pushed forward manually, the wheel hub rotates clockwise, causing the wheel flange to rotate clockwise, which is equivalent to the inner ring of the one-way bearing I or II rotating counterclockwise. The resistance spring I or II does not play any role; therefore, the clockwise rotation of the wheel hub is free and unrestricted. When the drive motor starts, the clockwise rotation speed of the motor rotor is greater than the speed of the wheel hub; for the nested spring-loaded one-way bearing, the resistance spring I, fixed to the inner ring side of the wheel flange bearing, will rotate clockwise with the rotor disc, while the other end of the resistance spring I is fixed to the inner ring side of the one-way bearing I. The one-way bearing I will prevent the clockwise rotation of the resistance spring I, causing the resistance spring I to expand its diameter when twisting against its own rotation direction on the left and right sides. The outer wall of the resistance spring I will press the expanded diameter against the inner wall of the tube of the wheel flange I, causing the wheel flange I and the rotor flange I to rotate clockwise together. At this time, the torque is transmitted between rotor flange I and wheel flange I by the frictional force formed by the overall expansion of the resistance spring I pressing against the inner wall of the tube of wheel flange I. Therefore, it can bear a large torque load.For a parallel spring-loaded one-way bearing, the resistance spring II, fixed to the inner wall of the left end of the inner circle of rotor flange II, will rotate clockwise with the rotor disc. The other end of resistance spring II is fixed to the side of the inner ring of one-way bearing II, preventing its clockwise rotation. This causes resistance spring II to expand in diameter as it twists against its own rotation direction on both the left and right sides. The outer wall of resistance spring II presses against the inner wall of the same diameter formed by the inner circle of the rotor flange II tube and the middle section of the wheel flange II tube, causing the wheel flange II to rotate clockwise with rotor flange II. At this time, the torque transmission between rotor flange II and wheel flange II relies on the frictional force generated by the overall expansion of resistance spring II pressing against the inner walls of rotor flange II and wheel flange II tubes. Therefore, it can bear a large torque load. When the hub speed is higher than the rotor speed, resistance spring I or II will return to its original state from the expanded state, and the spring-loaded one-way bearing will be in a free-running state, allowing the hub to rotate freely. Clearly, the basic principles and functions of nested spring one-way bearings and parallel spring one-way bearings are the same; both rely on the friction of the spring against the inner wall of the cylinder shaft to transmit power. The main difference lies in that the cylinder shafts in nested bearings are arranged radially, while those in parallel bearings are arranged axially. They can be selected and designed according to specific usage environments, and both can achieve high torque power transmission. Furthermore, when most of the torque of resistance spring I or II has been transmitted to the rotor flange and wheel flange, the torque borne by one-way bearing I or II is relatively small and easily manageable. Using a technologically mature one-way bearing as the reverse braking triggered by the resistance spring simplifies the structure of the spring one-way bearing, ensuring reliable operation and durability. Moreover, whether replacing a single-sided hub bearing with a spring one-way bearing or replacing both sides, using a spring one-way bearing significantly improves torque transmission capacity compared to ordinary one-way bearings.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] Appendix Figure 7This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the spring assembly of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is the axle, 3-2 is the rotor disk, 3-3 is the rotor bearing, 4-2 is the hub disk, 4-3 is the hub bearing, 8 is the spring assembly, 8-1 is the rotor flange III, 8-2 is the hub flange III, 8-3 is the resistance spring III, 8-4 is the resistance spring IV, 8-5 is the one-way bearing III, 8-6 is the flange rear cover, 8-7 is the trigger ring III, 8-8 is the flat plate bearing III, 8-9 is the electric push rod III, 8-10 is the return spring III, and 8-11 is the support bearing III. As shown in the figure, to increase reverse gear driving, as one of the improvement solutions, embodiment 3 of the present invention uses a spring assembly to replace the wheel hub bearing to realize the power transmission between the rotor disk and the wheel hub disk, and it can be a single-sided replacement or a double-sided replacement; when the spring assembly replaces the wheel hub bearing on one side, the single-direction wheel bearings on both sides are replaced with ordinary double-direction bearings, and at the same time, a spring assembly is set between the rotor disk and the wheel hub disk on that side; the spring assembly 8 is a combination of a spring clutch and a spring single-direction bearing, and the rotor disk is fixed to the outer circle of the wheel axle by the rotor bearing; and the spring assembly The assembly 8 includes a rotor flange III8-1, a hub flange III8-2, a resistance spring III8-3, a resistance spring IV8-4, a one-way bearing III8-5, a flange rear cover 8-6, a trigger ring III8-7, a flat bearing III8-8, an electric push rod III8-9, a return spring III8-10, and a support bearing III8-11. The disc portion of the rotor flange III8-1 is fixedly connected to the rotor disc. The tubular portion has a double-layer structure including an inner tube and an outer tube, with the inner circle of the inner tube fitted onto the outside of the output shaft, and the outer circle of the outer tube fixed to the hub disc via a hub bearing. The disc portion of the hub flange III8-2 is connected to the hub disc... The disc is fixedly connected, with the left section of its tube section's step fixed to the outer end of the rotor flange III's outer tube via a support bearing Ⅲ8-11. The inner diameter of the middle section of its tube section is the same as the inner diameter of the rotor flange III's outer tube section and they are arranged adjacent to each other. The right section of its tube section's step is fixed with a one-way bearing Ⅲ8-5, and the inner diameter of the one-way bearing Ⅲ is larger than the outer diameter of the flange rear cover's middle tube. The flange rear cover 8-6 is a disc structure, with an axially extending middle tube in the center of the disc. The inner and outer diameters of the middle tube are the same as the inner and outer diameters of the rotor flange III's inner tube, respectively. The length of the middle tube is fixed by the flange rear cover fastening. After the end of hub flange III, the front end of the middle tube and the rear end of the inner tube of rotor flange III are left with a gap; the resistance spring III 8-3 is set in the cylindrical space formed by the outer circle of the wheel axle, the inner circle of the inner tube of rotor flange III and the inner circle of the middle tube of the flange rear cover, and its right end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right end of the inner tube of rotor flange III; the resistance spring IV 8-4 is set in the cylindrical space formed by the outer circle of the inner tube of rotor flange III, the outer circle of the middle tube of the flange rear cover, the inner circle of the outer tube of rotor flange III and the inner circle of the middle section of the tube of hub flange III, its right end is fixed to the right side of the outer tube of rotor flange III, and its left end is fixed to the side of the inner ring of the one-way bearing III;The trigger ring III8-7, the flat bearing III8-8, and the electric push rod III8-9 are sequentially mounted adjacent to the resistance spring III and fitted onto the outer circumference of the wheel axle from left to right. The trigger ring III8-7 is a hollow cylindrical structure with large and small steps; the outer circumference of its small step matches the inner circumference of the flange rear cover tube and partially extends into the inner circumference of the flange rear cover tube. The flat bearing III8-8 is installed between the rear end of the large step of the trigger ring III and the electric push rod III. The electric push rod III8-9 is fitted onto the wheel axle and does not rotate with the wheel axle. The electric push rod III can pass through the flat bearing III. The trigger ring III is pushed to move towards the resistance spring III; the return spring III 8-10 is fitted between the front side of the large step of the trigger ring III and the rear side of the flange cover; wherein, the resistance spring III is a clockwise wound close-packed spring; the resistance spring IV is a counterclockwise wound close-packed spring; the one-way bearing III is a one-way bearing whose inner ring rotates freely counterclockwise; the two ends of the resistance springs III and IV are respectively welded with bearing rings, the bearing rings being circular rings with a rectangular cross-section, whose inner and outer diameters match the inner and outer diameters of the resistance springs III or IV, respectively. Embodiment 3 of the present invention uses a spring assembly as the connection structure between the rotor disc and the hub disc, enabling Embodiment 3 of the present invention to simultaneously possess free gliding and reverse gear functions. When the electric vehicle encounters a downhill slope or is pushed forward manually, the hub rotates clockwise. At this time, the inner ring of the one-way bearing III rotates counterclockwise; therefore, the clockwise rotation of the hub is free and without resistance. When the drive motor is turned on, the rotor rotates clockwise. Rotor flange III will drive resistance springs III and IV to rotate clockwise together. At this time, the triggering mechanism of resistance spring III is not activated, and it will not drive hub flange III to rotate together. One-way bearing III will prevent resistance spring IV from rotating clockwise, and resistance spring IV will be in a clockwise torsional state. As resistance spring IV twists against its own rotation direction on both the left and right sides, it expands in diameter. The outer wall of resistance spring IV will completely expand and press against the inner wall of the same diameter formed by the inner circle of the outer tube of rotor flange III and the inner circle of the middle section of the tube of hub flange III, causing rotor flange III and wheel flange III to rotate clockwise together, thereby driving the hub disc and rotor disc to rotate clockwise together. When the drive motor reverses, that is, when the rotor rotates counterclockwise, the inner ring of one-way bearing III also rotates counterclockwise. Therefore, the rotor disc will rotate freely counterclockwise without driving the wheel disc to rotate together. At this time, when the electric push rod III is activated, it will push the trigger ring III towards the resistance spring III via the flat bearing III. The trigger ring III will prevent the resistance spring III from rotating counterclockwise, and the resistance spring III will be in a counterclockwise torsional state. Since the resistance spring III is a clockwise wound, closely packed spring, it expands in diameter when twisting against its own rotation direction on both the left and right sides. The outer wall of the resistance spring III will fully expand and press against the inner wall of the same diameter formed by the inner circle of the rotor flange III and the inner circle of the flange rear cover, causing the rotor flange III and the wheel hub flange III to rotate counterclockwise together. This, in turn, drives the wheel hub disc to rotate counterclockwise with the rotor disc, which is the reverse gear of the electric vehicle.

[0038] Appendix Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the resistance spring of the present invention, in which both the inner and outer circles have been ground. In the diagram, B represents the resistance spring. The drive wheel hub of the gliding electric vehicle of the present invention uses a spring as the medium for power transmission and as a key component for power transmission or separation. Therefore, high fitting precision is required during design and installation, especially for the spring in the spring clutch. As a preferred embodiment, the total inner fitting clearance of resistance springs III or IV is less than 0.20 mm, and the total outer fitting clearance is between 0.20 mm and 1.00 mm. The total inner fitting clearance refers to the difference between the inner diameter of the resistance spring and the inner diameter of the cylindrical space it is fitted with; the total outer fitting clearance refers to the difference between the outer diameter of the resistance spring and the outer diameter of the cylindrical space it is fitted with. To ensure fitting precision, resistance springs I to VI have a high dimensional accuracy and high surface finish structure with both the inner and outer circles ground. This ensures the fitting precision between the resistance spring and other components.

[0039] Appendix Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention, showing two resistance springs. In the diagram, B is the resistance spring, A is the bearing ring, a is the first resistance spring, and b is the second resistance spring. As shown in the diagram, to improve the torque load-bearing capacity of the drive hub of the gliding electric vehicle of the present invention, the resistance springs I to IV are wound as two springs, and the pitch of the resistance springs is larger than the diameter of the steel wire used to wind the resistance springs, and they are arranged at 180 degrees on the circumference. Thus, when the resistance springs I to IV are compressed, two springs are tensioned on the inner wall of the cylinder shaft, which can improve the load-bearing capacity.

[0040] Appendix Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention, showing three resistance springs. In the diagram, B is the resistance spring, A is the bearing ring, a is the first resistance spring, b is the second resistance spring, and c is the third resistance spring. As shown in the diagram, to improve the torque load capacity of the drive hub of the gliding electric vehicle of the present invention, the resistance springs I to IV are wound in three sections, and the pitch of the resistance springs is larger than twice the diameter of the steel wire used to wind the resistance springs, and they are arranged at 120-degree angles on the circumference. Thus, when the resistance springs I to IV are compressed, three springs are tensioned on the inner wall of the cylinder shaft, which can improve the load-bearing capacity.

[0041] Appendix Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the steel wire wound around the resistance spring of the present invention. In the figure, B represents the resistance spring. As shown in the figure, in order to further improve the torque load-bearing capacity of the drive hub of the gliding electric vehicle of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the steel wire wound around the resistance springs I to IV is rectangular. In this way, the friction area between the resistance springs I to IV and the inner wall of the cylinder shaft can be effectively increased when the diameter expands and is pressed, thereby increasing the friction force and thus increasing the torque load-bearing capacity.

[0042] Obviously, the beneficial technical effect of the present invention's gliding electric vehicle drive hub is that the wheel is separated from the motor rotor. When the wheel speed is lower than the motor rotor speed via a one-way bearing or spring one-way bearing, the motor rotor drives the wheel to rotate; conversely, the wheel glides freely. Furthermore, it can also travel in reverse.

Claims

1. A gliding electric vehicle drive hub, characterized in that, The drive hub includes an axle, a stator, a rotor, a hub, and a tire; the axle is fixedly connected to the front or rear fork of the electric vehicle; the stator is fixed to the axle and includes a stator coil and a stator disk, the stator coil being fixed on the circumference of the stator disk, and the center of the stator disk being fixed to the axle; the rotor is fitted onto the outside of the stator. The system includes a permanent magnet ring, a rotor disk, and rotor bearings. The left and right sides of the permanent magnet ring are fixed to the axle via left and right rotor disks and left and right rotor bearings, respectively, with two rotor bearings arranged side-by-side. A cylindrical step for mounting the hub bearing is provided on the outer side of the center of the rotor disk. The hub is fitted onto the outside of the rotor and includes a rim, a hub disk, and a hub bearing. The rim has a double-ring structure, with the inner and outer rings connected by support ribs. The left and right sides of the inner ring are fixed to the cylindrical step on the outer side of the rotor disk via left and right hub disks and left and right hub bearings, respectively. The tire is mounted on the outer circumference of the outer ring of the hub. The hub bearing is a one-way bearing with an inner ring that rotates freely counterclockwise. A spring-loaded one-way bearing replaces the hub bearing to achieve power transmission between the rotor disk and the hub disk, and can be used for single-sided or double-sided replacement; when a spring-loaded one-way bearing replaces the hub bearing on one side, the original one-way bearing is replaced with a regular two-way bearing, and a spring-loaded one-way bearing is installed between the rotor disk and the hub disk on that side; wherein: The spring one-way bearing is a nested spring one-way bearing, comprising a rotor flange I, a hub flange I, a one-way bearing I, a resistance spring I, and a load bearing I. The disc portion of the rotor flange I is fixedly connected to the rotor disc, and the tube portion is fitted onto the axle. The rotor disc is fixed to the axle by the rotor bearing, and the hub disc is fixed to the inner side of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange I by the hub bearing. The disc portion of the hub flange I is fixedly connected to the hub disc, and the tube portion is fitted onto the outer side of the tube portion of the rotor flange I. The one-way bearing I is installed within the space formed by the outer side of the inner circle of the tube portion of the hub flange I and the outer side of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange I, and the inner diameter of the inner ring of the one-way bearing is larger than the outer diameter of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange I. The resistance spring I is installed between the hub bearing and the one-way bearing I. Within the cylindrical space formed by the outer circle of the rotor flange I pipe section and the inner circle of the wheel rim flange I pipe section, the inner and outer diameters of the resistance spring I slide in fit with the outer circle of the rotor flange I pipe section and the inner circle of the wheel rim flange I pipe section, respectively. One end of the resistance spring I is fixed to the inner ring side of the wheel rim bearing, and the other end is fixed to the inner ring side of the one-way bearing I. The load bearing I is fixed side by side with the one-way bearing I on the outside of the one-way bearing I. The wheel hub bearing and the load bearing I are ordinary double-direction bearings. The one-way bearing I is a one-way bearing whose inner ring rotates freely counterclockwise. The resistance spring I is a closely packed spring wound counterclockwise, with load rings welded to both ends. The load rings are circular rings with a rectangular cross-section, and their inner and outer diameters match the inner and outer diameters of the resistance spring I, respectively.

2. The gliding electric vehicle drive hub according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring one-way bearing is a parallel spring one-way bearing, comprising a rotor flange II, a hub flange II, a one-way bearing II, a resistance spring II, an outer support bearing, and an inner support bearing. The disc portion of the rotor flange II is fixedly connected to the rotor disc, and its tubular portion is fitted onto the axle. The rotor disc is fixed to the axle via a rotor bearing, and the hub disc is fixed to the inner side of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange II via a hub bearing. The disc portion of the hub flange II is fixedly connected to the hub disc, and its left section is fixed to the outer side of the outer circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange II via an inner support bearing. The inner circle of its middle section has the same diameter as the inner circle of the tube portion of the rotor flange II, and is fitted adjacent to and parallel to the tube portion of the rotor flange II on the outer side of the axle. The right section of its tube portion is fixed to the axle via an outer support bearing, and a one-way bearing II is installed parallel to it on the inner side of the outer support bearing. The inner diameter of the inner ring of bearing II is larger than the diameter of the axle; the resistance spring II is installed in the cylindrical space formed by the outer circle of the axle, the inner circle of the rotor flange II tube, and the inner circle of the middle section of the wheel flange II tube between the rotor bearing and the one-way bearing II, and the inner and outer diameters of the resistance spring II slide in fit with the outer circle, the inner circle of the rotor flange II tube, and the inner circle of the middle section of the wheel flange II tube, respectively; one end of the resistance spring II is fixed to the inner wall of the left end of the inner circle of the rotor flange II, and the other end is fixed to the side of the inner ring of the one-way bearing II; wherein, the one-way bearing II is a one-way bearing whose inner ring rotates freely counterclockwise; the resistance spring II is a closely packed spring wound counterclockwise, and two bearing rings are welded to its two ends, the bearing rings being circular rings with a rectangular cross-section, and their inner and outer diameters matching the inner and outer diameters of the resistance spring II, respectively.

3. The gliding electric vehicle drive hub according to claim 1, characterized in that, A spring assembly is used to replace the hub bearing to achieve power transmission between the rotor disk and the hub disk, and can be used for single-sided or double-sided replacement. When the spring assembly replaces the hub bearing on one side, the single-direction wheel bearings on both sides are replaced with ordinary double-direction bearings. At the same time, a spring assembly is set between the rotor disk and the hub disk on that side. The spring assembly is a combination of a spring clutch and a spring single-direction bearing. The rotor disk is fixed to the outer circle of the axle by the rotor bearing. The spring assembly includes a rotor flange III, a hub flange III, a resistance spring III, a resistance spring IV, a single-direction bearing III, a flange back cover, a trigger ring III, a flat bearing III, an electric push rod III, a return spring III, and a support bearing III. The rotor flange III... The disc portion is fixedly connected to the rotor disc. The tube portion has a double-layer structure consisting of an inner tube and an outer tube. The inner circle of the inner tube is fitted onto the outside of the output shaft, and the outer circle of the outer tube is fixed to the hub disc via a hub bearing. The disc portion of the hub flange III is fixedly connected to the hub disc. The step of the left section of its tube portion is fixed to the end of the outer circle of the rotor flange III's outer tube via a support bearing III. The inner diameter of the middle section of its tube portion is the same as the inner diameter of the outer tube of the rotor flange III's tube portion and they are arranged adjacent to each other. The step of the right section of its tube portion is fixed to a one-way bearing III, and the inner diameter of the one-way bearing III's inner ring is larger than the outer diameter of the tube in the flange rear cover. The flange rear cover has a disc structure, with an axially extending tube in the middle of the disc. The inner and outer diameters of the tube in the middle are the same as the inner and outer diameters of the inner tube of the rotor flange III, respectively. The diameters are the same; the length of the middle tube is determined by leaving a gap between the front end of the middle tube and the rear end of the inner tube of the rotor flange III after the flange rear cover is fastened and fixed to the end of the hub flange III; the resistance spring III is set in the cylindrical space formed by the outer circle of the wheel axle, the inner circle of the inner tube of the rotor flange III, and the inner circle of the middle tube of the flange rear cover, and its right end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the right end of the inner tube of the rotor flange III; the resistance spring IV is set in the cylindrical space formed by the outer circle of the inner tube of the rotor flange III, the outer circle of the middle tube of the flange rear cover, the inner circle of the outer tube of the rotor flange III, and the inner circle of the middle section of the tube of the hub flange III, and its right end is fixed to the right side of the outer tube of the rotor flange III, and its left end is fixed to the side of the inner ring of the one-way bearing III; the trigger ring III, the flat bearing III, and the electric push rod III are sequentially adjacent to the resistance spring III and start from the left. The trigger ring III is a hollow cylindrical structure with large and small steps. The outer circle of the small step matches the inner circle of the middle tube of the flange rear cover and partially enters the inner circle of the middle tube of the flange rear cover. The flat bearing III is installed between the rear end of the large step of the trigger ring III and the electric push rod III. The electric push rod III is mounted on the axle and does not rotate with the axle. The electric push rod III can push the trigger ring III towards the resistance spring III through the flat bearing III. The return spring III is mounted between the front side of the large step of the trigger ring III and the rear side of the flange rear cover. The resistance spring III is a closely packed spring wound clockwise. The resistance spring IV is a closely packed spring wound counterclockwise. The one-way bearing III is a one-way bearing whose inner ring rotates freely counterclockwise.The two ends of the resistance springs III and IV are respectively welded with bearing rings. These bearing rings are circular rings with a rectangular cross-section, and their inner and outer diameters match the inner and outer diameters of resistance springs III and IV, respectively.

4. The gliding electric vehicle drive hub according to claim 3, characterized in that, The total inner clearance of the resistance spring III or IV is less than 0.20 mm, and the total outer clearance is between 0.20 mm and 1.00 mm; wherein, the total inner clearance refers to the difference between the inner diameter of the resistance spring and the inner diameter of the cylindrical space it is fitted with; the total outer clearance refers to the difference between the outer diameter of the resistance spring and the outer diameter of the cylindrical space it is fitted with.

5. The gliding electric vehicle drive hub according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The resistance springs I to IV are wound in two strands, and the pitch of the resistance spring is larger than the diameter of the steel wire used to wind the resistance spring, and they are arranged at 180 degrees on the circumference.

6. The gliding electric vehicle drive hub according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The resistance springs I to IV are made of three coils, and the pitch of the resistance springs is larger than twice the diameter of the steel wires used to make the resistance springs, and they are arranged at 120 degrees on the circumference.

7. The gliding electric vehicle drive hub according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the steel wire wound on the resistance springs I to IV is rectangular.

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