High-strength and low heat-leakage support structure and superconducting magnet having the same

Abstract

The present invention provides a high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure and a superconducting magnet having the same. The support structure includes a first end support section, a middle support section, and a second end support section that are connected in sequence. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure has a hollow cavity. The first end support section has a plurality of first end cavities, and the plurality of first end cavities are arranged on the end face of the first end support section that is connected to the first outer dewar. The second end support section has a plurality of second end cavities, and the plurality of second end cavities are arranged on the end face of the second end support section that is connected to the second outer dewar. The middle support section has a plurality of third middle cavities. The first and second end cavities and the third middle cavities divide the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure into multiple segments, and the cross-sectional shape of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure along the axial direction is in the shape of a Chinese knot. By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the technical problem in the prior art that the support structure cannot take into account both strength and heat load is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dynamic superconducting magnets, and particularly to a high-strength and low heat-leakage support structure and a superconducting magnet having the same. Background Art

[0002] Due to the high current density, superconducting magnets can form a relatively large magnetic field, and have advantages such as light weight, small volume, and low loss. Currently, they have been widely used in fields such as nuclear fusion, accelerators, and MRI. The geometric size of the magnet is often not limited, and there is a sufficient heat conduction path from the low-temperature end to the room-temperature end. Moreover, the superconducting magnets in these fields all operate in a static environment, and the support structure can easily meet the strength requirements of the material. However, currently, superconducting magnets in a dynamic environment, such as those in a maglev train and electromagnetic propulsion under high dynamic loads, as the moving superconducting magnet, when passing direct current and interacting with the ground coil of a conventional linear motor passing alternating current, an electromagnetic force is generated. The component of the electromagnetic force can be used for levitation, propulsion, and guidance. Although the magnet is levitated, due to the constraint of the electromagnetic air gap, the heat-leakage path of the support of the superconducting magnet is very short, and the requirement for strength under dynamic loads is also very high. Especially for the maglev system and electromagnetic propulsion with a bilateral structure, this will generate a large amount of heat leakage, resulting in the quenching of the magnet.

[0003] The three critical conditions of superconductors are the critical temperature, critical magnetic field, and critical current. That is, only below the critical temperature and magnetic field, the coil has a certain current-carrying capacity. Before excitation and power-on, the critical temperature is a prerequisite for superconducting magnets. The magnet cools the superconducting coil through a cryogenic coolant such as liquid helium (low-temperature coil), liquid nitrogen (high-temperature coil), or a refrigerator. The support structure used to fix the superconducting coil and the outer dewar of the magnet will inevitably generate a certain amount of heat leakage. When the cooling capacity is greater than the heat leakage, the magnet can meet the critical temperature requirement. When the cooling capacity is less than the heat leakage, the magnet will not be able to enter the superconducting state and will have no current-carrying capacity.

[0004] The electromagnetic force generated by the superconducting magnet is transmitted through the inner dewar of the coil bobbin, the support structure, and finally to the outer dewar. The material of the support structure is usually selected as a composite material with low heat leakage and high strength, such as titanium alloy, carbon fiber, and glass fiber.

[0005] In addition, for the cooling method of the coil and the cold screen, it may be necessary to add cooling pipelines between the coil bobbin and the inner dewar, and between the inner dewar and the cold screen, which will increase the support difficulty of the entire superconducting magnet.

[0006] The currently commonly used support structures are tie rods and suspension rods, and the commonly used materials are composite materials, stainless steel, and carbon fiber. The heat leakage of composite materials is the lowest, but their strength is relatively low, making it difficult to withstand high dynamic and strong loads. Stainless steel has good machining and process performance and moderate strength, but it has the largest mass, which goes against the original intention of magnetic levitation and propulsion. Carbon fiber has relatively high structural strength and low heat leakage, but its processing technology is not good. Titanium alloy has high strength and a light structure, but its heat leakage is relatively large. Currently, there is no suitable material with low heat leakage and high strength. Most of the current support structures adopt straight rods and flange structures.

[0007] The support structures adopted by current dynamic superconducting magnets cannot balance strength and heat load. Under the condition of meeting strength requirements, the heat leakage is relatively large, and it is necessary to increase the liquid helium capacity. Since liquid helium is expensive, this undoubtedly increases costs. While for the support structures that meet heat load requirements, they often lack sufficient load-bearing capacity. In a dynamic environment, the support components are prone to breakage, leading to the quenching of the magnet and even permanent damage to the magnet. Moreover, in terms of materials, the advantages and disadvantages of metals and non-metals are relatively obvious, and it is difficult to break through the materials themselves. Therefore, a breakthrough is needed in the structure of the support components. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention provides a high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure and a superconducting magnet having the same, which can solve the technical problem that the support structure in the prior art cannot balance strength and heat load.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure for a superconducting magnet. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure includes a first end support section, a middle support section, and a second end support section connected in sequence. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure has a hollow cavity, and the hollow cavity is arranged at the central position of the first end support section, the middle support section, and the second end support section. The first end support section is connected to the first outer dewar of the superconducting magnet, and the second end support section is connected to the second outer dewar of the superconducting magnet. The first end support section has a plurality of first end cavities, and the plurality of first end cavities are arranged on the end face of the first end support section connected to the first outer dewar; the second end support section has a plurality of second end cavities, and the plurality of second end cavities are arranged on the end face of the second end support section connected to the second outer dewar; the middle support section has a plurality of third middle cavities. The first end cavities, the second end cavities, and the third middle cavities divide the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure into multiple segments, and the cross-sectional shape of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure along the axial direction is the shape of a Chinese knot.

[0010] Further, the first end support section, the middle support section, and the second end support section are integrally formed by 3D printing technology.

[0011] Further, the first end support section, the middle support section, and the second end support section are sequentially connected by bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, the first end support section has two first end cavities, and the two first end cavities are concentrically arranged.

[0013] Furthermore, the second end support section has two second end cavities, and the two second end cavities are concentrically arranged.

[0014] Furthermore, the middle support section has ten third middle cavities. The first third middle cavity, the second third middle cavity, the third third middle cavity, the fourth third middle cavity, the fifth third middle cavity, the sixth third middle cavity, and the seventh third middle cavity are arranged in parallel in sequence along the axis direction of the high-strength and low heat-leakage support structure. The eighth third middle cavity, the ninth third middle cavity, and the tenth third middle cavity are arranged in parallel in the radial direction of the high-strength and low heat-leakage support structure. The first third middle cavity, the second third middle cavity, and the eighth third middle cavity are connected in sequence. The third third middle cavity, the fourth third middle cavity, the fifth third middle cavity, and the ninth third middle cavity are connected in sequence. The sixth third middle cavity, the seventh third middle cavity, and the tenth third middle cavity are connected in sequence.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high-strength and low heat-leakage support structure for a superconducting magnet. The high-strength and low heat-leakage support structure includes a first end support section, a middle support section, and a second end support section connected in sequence. The high-strength and low heat-leakage support structure has a hollow cavity, and the hollow cavity is arranged at the central position of the first end support section, the middle support section, and the second end support section. The first end support section is connected to the outer dewar of the superconducting magnet, the second end support section is connected to the inner dewar of the superconducting magnet, the middle support section is respectively connected to the first end support section and the second end support section. The first end support section has a first end cavity, and the first end cavity is arranged on the end face of the first end support section connected to the outer dewar; the second end support section has a second end cavity, and the second end cavity is arranged on the end face of the second end support section connected to the inner dewar; the first end support section, the middle support section, and the second end support section divide the high-strength and low heat-leakage support structure into multiple segments, and the cross-sectional structure shape of the high-strength and low heat-leakage support structure along the axis direction is in the shape of a Chinese knot.

[0016] According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a superconducting magnet, which includes a superconducting coil, a coil skeleton, an inner dewar, a cold shield, an outer dewar, and a support structure. The support structure is the support structure as described above. The superconducting coil is used to generate a magnetic field, the coil skeleton is used to fix the superconducting coil, the inner dewar is connected to the coil skeleton, and the support structure passes through the cold shield and is respectively connected to the inner dewar and the outer dewar.

[0017] Furthermore, the support structure is connected to the outer dewar by welding; or, the support structure is connected to the outer dewar by a flange.

[0018] Furthermore, the material of the support structure includes titanium alloy material.

[0019] Applying the technical solution of the present invention, a high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure for a superconducting magnet is provided. By setting the central part of the support structure as a hollow cavity, the strength of the support structure can be improved; by arranging a plurality of first end cavities on the end face of the first end support section connected to the first outer dewar and a plurality of second end cavities on the end face of the second end support section connected to the second outer dewar, the contact area between the support structure and the outer dewar can be reduced; in addition, by arranging a plurality of third middle cavities in the middle support section, the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure can be divided into multiple segments by the first end cavities, the second end cavities and the third middle cavities, so that the cross-sectional shape of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure in the axial direction is a Chinese knot shape. This way can increase the heat-leakage path of the support structure, thereby reducing the heat leakage of the support structure. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure provided by the present invention can reduce the contact area between the support structure and the outer dewar, extend the heat-leakage path of the support structure, and set the support structure as a hollow structure, so as to take into account both the magnet strength and the heat load at the same time. When the superconducting magnet is in an ultra-high speed, high load and high vibration environment, the support structure can ensure the strength and stiffness of the superconducting magnet under the condition of static heat leakage within a limited space. Description of the Drawings

[0020] The accompanying drawings included are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, which form a part of the specification, are used to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and are used to explain the principles of the present invention together with the text description. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0021] Figure 1 Shows a cross-sectional view of a high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure provided according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Shows a schematic structural diagram of a high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure provided according to a first specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Shows a schematic structural diagram of a high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure provided according to a second specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Shows a schematic structural diagram of a high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure provided according to a third specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of a superconducting magnet provided according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 6 The structural schematic diagram of a superconducting magnet in the prior art is shown.

[0027] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0028] 10. First end support section; 10a. First end cavity; 20. Middle support section; 20a. First third middle cavity; 20b. Second third middle cavity; 20c. Third third middle cavity; 20d. Fourth third middle cavity; 20e. Fifth third middle cavity; 20f. Sixth third middle cavity; 20g. Seventh third middle cavity; 30. Second end support section; 30a. Second end cavity; 100a. Hollow cavity; 100. Support structure; 200. Superconducting coil; 300. Coil skeleton; 400. Inner dewar; 500. Cold shield; 600. Outer dewar; 700. Ground coil; 800. Flange. Specific embodiments

[0029] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way restricts the present invention and its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that for the sake of convenience in description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationship. Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the said technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure for a superconducting magnet is provided. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure includes a first end support section 10, a middle support section 20, and a second end support section 30 that are connected in sequence. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure has a hollow cavity 100a, and the hollow cavity 100a is provided at the central position of the first end support section 10, the middle support section 20, and the second end support section 30. The first end support section 10 is connected to the first outer dewar of the superconducting magnet, and the second end support section 30 is connected to the second outer dewar of the superconducting magnet. The first end support section 10 has a plurality of first end cavities 10a, and the plurality of first end cavities 10a are provided on the end face of the first end support section 10 that is connected to the first outer dewar. The second end support section 30 has a plurality of second end cavities 30a, and the plurality of second end cavities 30a are provided on the end face of the second end support section 30 that is connected to the second outer dewar. The middle support section 20 has a plurality of third middle cavities. The first end cavities 10a, the second end cavities 30a, and the third middle cavities divide the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure into multiple segments, and the cross-sectional shape of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure along the axial direction is in the shape of a Chinese knot.

[0033] By applying this configuration method, a high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure for a superconducting magnet is provided. By setting the central part of the support structure as a hollow cavity, the strength of the support structure can be improved; by arranging a plurality of first end cavities 10a on the end face of the first end support section 10 connected to the first outer dewar and a plurality of second end cavities 30a on the end face of the second end support section 30 connected to the second outer dewar, the contact area between the support structure and the outer dewar can be reduced; in addition, by arranging a plurality of third middle cavities in the middle support section, the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure can be divided into multiple segments by the first end cavities 10a, the second end cavities 30a and the third middle cavities, so that the cross-sectional shape of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure in the axial direction is a Chinese knot shape. This method can increase the heat-leakage path of the support structure, thereby reducing the heat leakage of the support structure. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure provided by the present invention can reduce the contact area between the support structure and the outer dewar, extend the heat-leakage path of the support structure, and set the support structure as a hollow structure, so as to take into account both the magnet strength and the heat load at the same time. When the superconducting magnet is in an ultra-high speed, high-load and high-vibration environment, the support structure can ensure the strength and stiffness of the superconducting magnet under the condition of static heat leakage within a limited space.

[0034] Furthermore, in the present invention, considering the structural strength of the support structure, the first end support section 10, the middle support section 20 and the second end support section 30 can be configured to be integrally formed by using 3D printing technology.

[0035] Alternatively, as other embodiments of the present invention, in order to simplify the manufacturing process, the first end support section 10, the middle support section 20 and the second end support section 30 can be configured to be sequentially connected by bolts.

[0036] Furthermore, in the present invention, as the first specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to reduce the contact area between the support structure and the outer dewar, as Figure 2 shown, the first end support section 10 has two first end cavities 10a, and the two first end cavities 10a are concentrically arranged. The second end support section 30 has two second end cavities 30a, and the two second end cavities 30a are concentrically arranged.

[0037] In this embodiment, in order to extend the heat-leakage path of the support structure, as Figure 2As shown, the middle support section 20 has ten third middle cavities. The first third middle cavity 20a, the second third middle cavity 20b, the third third middle cavity 20c, the fourth third middle cavity 20d, the fifth third middle cavity 20e, the sixth third middle cavity 20f, and the seventh third middle cavity 20g are arranged in parallel in sequence along the axial direction of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure. The eighth third middle cavity 20h, the ninth third middle cavity 20i, and the tenth third middle cavity 20j are arranged in parallel in the radial direction of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure. The first third middle cavity 20a, the second third middle cavity 20b, and the eighth third middle cavity 20h are connected in sequence. The third third middle cavity 20c, the fourth third middle cavity 20d, the fifth third middle cavity 20e, and the ninth third middle cavity 20i are connected in sequence. The sixth third middle cavity 20f, the seventh third middle cavity 20g, and the tenth third middle cavity 20j are connected in sequence. In this embodiment, both ends of the support structure can be connected to the outer dewar by welding.

[0038] As the second specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, for the convenience of connecting with the outer dewar, the support structure can also be connected to the outer dewar in the form of a butt flange bolt.

[0039] Furthermore, in the present invention, as the third specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 4 shown, a high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure for a superconducting magnet is provided. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure includes a first end support section, a middle support section, and a second end support section connected in sequence. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure has a hollow cavity, and the hollow cavity is arranged at the central positions of the first end support section, the middle support section, and the second end support section. The first end support section is connected to the outer dewar of the superconducting magnet, the second end support section is connected to the inner dewar of the superconducting magnet, the middle support section is respectively connected to the first end support section and the second end support section. The first end support section has a first end cavity, and the first end cavity is arranged on the end face of the first end support section connected to the outer dewar; the second end support section has a second end cavity, and the second end cavity is arranged on the end face of the second end support section connected to the inner dewar; the first end support section, the middle support section, and the second end support section divide the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure into multiple segments, and the cross-sectional structure shape of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure along the axial direction is in the shape of a Chinese knot.

[0040] In this configuration, the support structure only supports one side of the superconducting magnet. It is connected to the outer dewar through the first end support section and to the inner dewar through the second end support section. The specific structure of the support structure can vary with the change of the magnet structure. In actual situations, the size can be adjusted according to the structure of the actual superconducting magnet. Both dynamic and static magnets can use the support device provided by the present invention to support the superconducting magnet. In this way, the first end support section has a first end cavity, and the second end support section has a second end cavity, which can reduce the contact area between the support structure and the inner and outer dewars. The first end support section, the middle support section, and the second end support section divide the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure into multiple segments. The cross-sectional structure shape of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure along the axis direction is in the shape of a Chinese knot. This way can extend the heat-leakage path of the support structure and reduce heat leakage.

[0041] According to another aspect of the present invention, a superconducting magnet is provided. The superconducting magnet includes a superconducting coil 200, a coil skeleton 300, an inner dewar 400, a cold shield 500, an outer dewar 600, and a support structure 100. The support structure 100 is the support structure 100 as described above. The superconducting coil 200 is used to generate a magnetic field. The coil skeleton 300 is used to fix the superconducting coil 200. The inner dewar 400 is connected to the coil skeleton 300. The support structure 100 passes through the cold shield 500 and is respectively connected to the inner dewar 400 and the outer dewar 600.

[0042] Applying this configuration, a superconducting magnet is provided. The superconducting magnet uses the support structure as described above. The support structure of the present invention reduces the contact area between the support structure and the outer dewar, extends the heat-leakage path of the support structure, and sets the support structure as a hollow structure, so as to be able to take into account both the magnet strength and the heat load at the same time. When the superconducting magnet is in an ultra-high speed, high load, and high vibration environment, this support structure can ensure the strength and stiffness of the superconducting magnet under the condition of meeting static heat leakage in a limited space.

[0043] Further, in the present invention, the support structure 100 is connected to the outer dewar 600 by welding; or, the support structure 100 is connected to the outer dewar 600 through a flange 800.

[0044] In addition, for magnets that could only use composite materials before, the support structure provided by this patent can be used, changing the material to a titanium alloy material to improve the strength and stiffness of the magnet structure. At the same time, due to the increase in the heat-leakage path, its heat-leakage level is equivalent to that of the previous composite material.

[0045] For a further understanding of the present invention, the following combines Figures 1 to 5 to elaborate in detail on the support structure and the superconducting magnet provided by the present invention.

[0046] AsFigure 5 As shown, the ground coil 700 is a ground module and the primary coil of the motor. The right side is the secondary coil of the superconducting magnet, mainly including the superconducting coil 200, the cold screen 500, the outer dewar 600, and the support structure 100 (the support structure 100 is not shown).

[0047] Reference Figure 5 According to the electromagnetic force generated by the ground coil 700 and the superconducting coil 200 in [reference], the superconducting magnet is pushed to move. For the electromagnetic propulsion superconducting magnet, the electromagnetic air gap L on one side is generally ≯100 mm. Excluding the air gap of the ground coil and the mechanical air gap, the distance L1 from the outside of the coil of the superconducting magnet to the outer dewar is generally ≯50 mm. This section of the distance includes the skeleton thickness, the gap between the skeleton and the inner dewar, the inner dewar thickness, the gap between the inner dewar and the cold screen, the cold screen thickness, the thickness from the cold screen to the outer dewar, the outer dewar thickness, and the shielding plate thickness. Moreover, in the limited space, the temperature change gradient ranges from 4.2 K to 300 K.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 For reference Figure 5 is the internal detailed view of the superconducting secondary coil on the right side. The support structure 100 is located between the superconducting coil 200 and the outer dewar 600 and serves as a rigid connection between the superconducting coil and the outer dewar. The main structures such as the coil skeleton 300 and the cold screen 500 are also included between them.

[0049] The support structure 100 is used to connect the low-temperature end (4.2 K) and the room-temperature end (300 K) of the superconducting magnet, playing a major supporting role, bearing the electromagnetic load of the coil, the thermal load, and various loads under high dynamics. Generally, circular cross-section straight rods or ring cross-section straight rods are used for support. Since the superconducting coil magnet needs to work in a cryogenic state, low-temperature superconductivity at 4.2 K and high-temperature superconductivity at 77 K. The outer dewar of the superconducting magnet is in direct contact with the room-temperature environment, about 300 K. The heat leakage of the outer dewar to the superconducting coil mainly comes from the conduction heat leakage brought by the support structure between the two. The support structure 100 is generally composed of high-strength non-magnetic materials such as titanium alloy and 316L stainless steel. The electromagnetic protection device and the superconducting magnet can be connected in forms such as screwing or welding. The purpose is to improve the strength of the magnet during the high-speed movement of the superconducting magnet. The structural strength requirements for the superconducting magnet are very high. Therefore, multiple support components are required inside the superconducting magnet to improve the structural strength of the superconducting magnet, resulting in a very compact internal structure of the superconducting magnet and a limited length of the support structure.

[0050] The superconducting coil 200 is generally wound with superconducting materials. High-temperature superconducting materials mainly use first-generation BSCCO tapes and second-generation ReBCO tapes, etc. Low-temperature superconducting materials generally include NbTi and Nb3Sn wires, etc. The superconducting coil is passed through a direct current to generate a direct magnetic field and interact with the alternating magnetic field generated by the conventional magnet on the ground to generate thrust and levitation force.

[0051] The coil former 300 is used for winding and fixing the superconducting coil, and at the same time connecting the superconducting coil with the external support structure 100 to transfer the load.

[0052] The cold shield 500 is an essential part of the superconducting magnet. It is generally made of materials with high electrical conductivity and low magnetic permeability. For the magnet, its purpose is to reduce the radiative heat leakage of the superconducting magnet system. Radiative heat leakage is another reason affecting the heat leakage during the cooling process and the stable operation process of the low-temperature superconducting magnet. Therefore, the cold shield is essential. At the same time, for the magnet applied in the superconducting motor, its function also includes preventing the high-frequency harmonic magnetic field of the normal-conducting magnet in the ground module from entering the superconducting coil. The cold shield usually also needs to be connected through the support structure.

[0053] The outer dewar 600 is the room-temperature end of the superconducting magnet. It is connected to the sled through the flange structure on the outer dewar and is the main component for the magnet to transfer force to the external system. The force transferred from the support structure to the outer dewar is then transferred to the sled through the outer dewar. However, due to the influence of the ground module, the distance between the outer dewar and the normal-conducting magnet is limited, resulting in a very compact internal support structure.

[0054] For the connection method of the support structure, the welding form can be adopted, such as Figure 2 shown, and at the same time, the connection form of butt flange bolts can also be adopted, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0055] Refer to Figure 2Schematic diagram of the main invention support structure of this patent. In order to better balance the strength of the support structure and the thermal load of the magnet, the present invention designs a support structure with a cross-section similar to a "Chinese knot". Under the same geometric constraint dimensions, the heat leakage path of the superconducting magnet can be increased by more than 3 times. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure includes a first end support section 10, a middle support section 20, and a second end support section 30 connected in sequence. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure has a hollow cavity 100a, and the hollow cavity 100a is arranged at the central position of the first end support section 10, the middle support section 20, and the second end support section 30. The first end support section 10 is connected to the first outer dewar of the superconducting magnet, and the second end support section 30 is connected to the second outer dewar of the superconducting magnet. The first end support section 10 has two first end cavities 10a, and the two first end cavities 10a are concentrically arranged and are arranged on the end face of the first end support section 10 connected to the first outer dewar. The second end support section 30 has two second end cavities 30a, and the two second end cavities 30a are concentrically arranged and are arranged on the end face of the second end support section 30 connected to the second outer dewar. The middle support section 20 has ten third middle cavities. The first third middle cavity 20a, the second third middle cavity 20b, the third third middle cavity 20c, the fourth third middle cavity 20d, the fifth third middle cavity 20e, the sixth third middle cavity 20f, and the seventh third middle cavity 20g are arranged in parallel in sequence along the axis direction of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure. The eighth third middle cavity 20h, the ninth third middle cavity 20i, and the tenth third middle cavity 20j are arranged in parallel in the radial direction of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure. The first third middle cavity 20a, the second third middle cavity 20b, and the eighth third middle cavity 20h are connected in sequence. The third third middle cavity 20c, the fourth third middle cavity 20d, the fifth third middle cavity 20e, and the ninth third middle cavity 20i are connected in sequence. The sixth third middle cavity 20f, the seventh third middle cavity 20g, and the tenth third middle cavity 20j are connected in sequence. In this embodiment, the two ends of the support structure can be connected to the outer dewar by welding. The first end cavity 10a, the second end cavity 30a, and the third middle cavity divide the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure into multiple segments, and the cross-sectional shape of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure along the axis direction is in the shape of a Chinese knot.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 The thick black solid line in [reference] is the heat transfer path of the structure of the present invention. Taking the symmetric structure as an example, the present invention also adopts a support structure with intermediate connection, which can ensure the strength of the magnet support structure and [reference] Figure 6The support structures have comparable strength, and the structure can be realized by 3D printing. At the same time, it can also be decomposed into 3 to 4 parts and connected by bolts. The heat leakage of the support structure is inversely proportional to the length of the structure and directly proportional to the contact area, that is, the longer the support structure, the smaller the contact area, and the smaller the heat leakage of the support structure.

[0057] The support structure provided by the present invention can greatly reduce the heat leakage of the magnet, and at the same time can meet the requirements of the magnet structure strength; the support structure provided by the present invention can be used in an environment where the magnet size is limited under high dynamic loads; for magnets that could only use composite materials before, the support structure of this patent can be used to change the material to titanium alloy material, improving the strength and stiffness of the magnet structure. At the same time, due to the increase in the heat leakage path, its heat leakage level is comparable to that of the previous composite material; for magnets that could only use metal materials before, the support structure of this patent can be used to greatly reduce the heat leakage of the magnet while meeting the strength and stiffness of the magnet structure; the preparation process of the support structure provided by the present invention can print the overall structure by 3D printing, or can be decomposed into 3 to 4 parts and connected by bolts; the support structure provided by the present invention can be supported from the coil to both ends of the outer dewar, or can also be supported to one end, and the specific structure can change with the change of the magnet structure.

[0058] In summary, the present invention provides a high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure for superconducting magnets. By reducing the contact area between the support structure and the outer dewar, extending the heat leakage path of the support structure, and setting the support structure as a hollow structure, the magnet strength and heat load can be taken into account at the same time. When the superconducting magnet is in an ultra-high speed, high-load and high-vibration environment, this support structure can meet the static heat leakage in a limited space and ensure the strength and stiffness of the superconducting magnet. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the support structure provided by the present invention has the following advantages.

[0059] First, the low-heat-leakage and high-strength support structure provided by the present invention can be applied to superconducting magnets in an ultra-high speed and high-load environment;

[0060] Second, the low-heat-leakage and high-strength support structure provided by the present invention is installed inside the superconducting magnet, from one end of the outer dewar, through the cold shield, inner dewar, coil bobbin, cold shield, until the other end of the coil. Through the Chinese knot structure, the heat leakage path of the magnet is extended, while ensuring the magnet structure strength, improving the magnet reliability, and reducing the risk of quenching of the superconducting magnet.

[0061] Third, the low-heat-leakage and high-strength support structure provided by the present invention mainly relies on 3D printing technology, and can also be machined parts and assembled by bolts.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Without contrary description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention; the orientation words "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0063] For convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "above...", "over...", "on the upper surface of...", "above" etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings for the device. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "over other devices or structures" will then be positioned "below other devices or structures" or "under other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientations of "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the corresponding explanations for the spatial relative descriptions used here will be made accordingly.

[0064] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first", "second" etc. to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Without additional declaration, the above words have no special meaning. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0065] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure for a superconducting magnet, Characterized in that, The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure includes a first end support section (10), a middle support section (20) and a second end support section (30) connected in sequence. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure has a hollow cavity (100a), and the hollow cavity (100a) is arranged at the central position of the first end support section (10), the middle support section (20) and the second end support section (30). The first end support section (10) is connected to the first outer dewar of the superconducting magnet, and the second end support section (30) is connected to the second outer dewar of the superconducting magnet. The first end support section (10) has a plurality of first end cavities (10a), and the plurality of first end cavities (10a) are arranged on the end face of the first end support section (10) connected to the first outer dewar; the second end support section (30) has a plurality of second end cavities (30a), and the plurality of second end cavities (30a) are arranged on the end face of the second end support section (30) connected to the second outer dewar; the middle support section (20) has a plurality of third middle cavities. The first end cavities (10a), the second end cavities (30a) and the third middle cavities divide the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure into multiple segments. The cross-sectional shape of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure in the axial direction is the shape of a Chinese knot; the first end support section (10), the middle support section (20) and the second end support section (30) are integrally formed by 3D printing technology; the first end support section (10), the middle support section (20) and the second end support section (30) are connected in sequence by bolts.

2. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure for a superconducting magnet according to claim 1, Characterized in that, The first end support section (10) has two first end cavities (10a), and the two first end cavities (10a) are concentrically arranged.

3. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure for a superconducting magnet according to claim 2, Characterized in that, The second end support section (30) has two second end cavities (30a), and the two second end cavities (30a) are concentrically arranged.

4. The high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure for a superconducting magnet according to claim 3, Characterized in that, The middle support section (20) has ten third middle cavities. The first third middle cavity (20a), the second third middle cavity (20b), the third third middle cavity (20c), the fourth third middle cavity (20d), the fifth third middle cavity (20e), the sixth third middle cavity (20f) and the seventh third middle cavity (20g) are arranged in parallel in sequence along the axial direction of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure. The eighth third middle cavity (20h), the ninth third middle cavity (20i) and the tenth third middle cavity (20j) are arranged in parallel along the radial direction of the high-strength and low-heat-leakage support structure. The first third middle cavity (20a), the second third middle cavity (20b) and the eighth third middle cavity (20h) are connected in sequence. The third third middle cavity (20c), the fourth third middle cavity (20d), the fifth third middle cavity (20e) and the ninth third middle cavity (20i) are connected in sequence. The sixth third middle cavity (20f), the seventh third middle cavity (20g) and the tenth third middle cavity (20j) are connected in sequence.

5. A superconducting magnet, characterized in that the superconducting magnet includes a superconducting coil (200), a coil skeleton (300), an inner dewar (400), a cold shield (500), an outer dewar (600) and a support structure (100). The support structure (100) is the support structure (100) described in any one of claims 1 to 4. The superconducting coil (200) is used to generate a magnetic field. The coil skeleton (300) is used to fix the superconducting coil (200). The inner dewar (400) is connected to the coil skeleton (300). The support structure (100) passes through the cold shield (500) and is respectively connected to the inner dewar (400) and the outer dewar (600).

6. The superconducting magnet according to claim 5, characterized in that the support structure (100) is connected to the outer dewar (600) by welding; or, the support structure (100) is connected to the outer dewar (600) by a flange.

7. The superconducting magnet according to claim 6, characterized in that the material of the support structure (100) includes a titanium alloy material.

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