Axial force self-balancing double-pick two-stage series connection reversible hydroelectric generator set

Abstract

An axial force self-balancing double-pick two-stage series connection reversible hydroelectric generator set, both ends of the generator motor are connected with the main shaft, the first-stage and second-stage pump-turbines are reversely and symmetrically mounted on both ends of the main shaft, the first-stage volute is internally provided with the first-stage fixed guide vane, the inner side of the first-stage fixed guide vane is provided with the first-stage movable guide vane, the first-stage movable guide vane is connected with the first-stage speed regulating mechanism, the first-stage speed regulating mechanism is connected with the second-stage speed regulating mechanism, the inner side of the first-stage movable guide vane is provided with the first-stage pump-turbine runner, the first-stage pump-turbine runner is connected with the main shaft, the water outlet of the first-stage pump-turbine runner is connected with the first-stage draft tube, the first-stage draft tube of the first-stage volute is connected with the water inlet of the second-stage volute, the structure is compact, the design is scientific and reasonable, the conventional pump-turbine is overcome with the limited water head, large axial force, complex system, high cost and other defects, the unit operation is reliable, the engineering quantity and unit investment are reduced, and the social and economic benefits are remarkable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to reversible hydroelectric generating set, in particular to a double pick two-stage series connection reversible hydroelectric generating set with axial force self-balancing. BACKGROUND

[0002] In order to accommodate wind power and photovoltaic, energy storage needs to be built, pumped storage as a clean and pollution-free energy storage method is vigorously developed, distributed small and micro pumped storage is a supplement to large pumped storage power station, which has the advantages of easy site selection, short construction period and flexible layout, etc. At present, there is no main equipment specially used for small and micro high-head pumped storage power station in the market. If it is simply considered according to the reduction of large pumped storage power station, there are problems such as high investment cost, complex system and redundancy. Improving the head of pumped storage power station is beneficial to quickly reduce the investment, but the applicable head of pump-turbine is limited, which restricts the cost reduction of pumped storage power station. For high-head pumped storage power station, the balance of axial water thrust is generally realized through balance holes at the upper crown and top cover pressure relief, which increases the volume loss of pump-turbine and reduces the unit efficiency. Especially for small flow high-head unit, the influence of volume loss cannot be ignored. If the volume loss is reduced, the axial water thrust of the unit will be sharply increased, so that only large sliding bearing and oil lubrication can be used, and a series of auxiliary systems need to be added, which greatly increases the installation and arrangement difficulty. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a special unit for small high-head pumped storage power station, overcome the disadvantages of complex structure and system of conventional unit, and the new unit should have the characteristics of compact structure, high efficiency and stability, convenient use, fast construction and easy maintenance, etc. However, there is no public report so far. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a double pick two-stage series connection reversible hydroelectric generating set with axial force self-balancing, which can effectively solve the problem that the existing technology does not develop a special unit for small high-head pumped storage power station, and cannot meet the requirements.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is a kind of axial force self-balancing double challenge two-stage series reversible hydroelectric generator unit, including primary water pump turbine, secondary water pump turbine and power generator motor, the two ends of the power generator motor are connected with main shaft respectively, primary water pump turbine and secondary water pump turbine are same in structure, and are reversely symmetrical and are worn in the two ends of main shaft, primary water pump turbine includes primary volute, primary fixed guide vane, primary movable guide vane, primary water pump turbine wheel and primary draft tube, primary volute is internally provided with uniformly distributed primary fixed guide vane, the inner side of primary fixed guide vane is concentrically provided with primary movable guide vane with interval, primary movable guide vane is connected with primary speed regulation mechanism passing through primary volute, primary speed regulation mechanism is connected with secondary speed regulation mechanism through synchronous shaft, so as to keep the guide vane opening and water turbine operating condition consistent, the inner side of primary movable guide vane is concentrically provided with primary water pump turbine wheel, the shaft hole in the inner side of primary water pump turbine wheel is connected with the outer periphery of main shaft through key, the main shaft on the left end of primary water pump turbine runner is provided with primary water discharge cone, the water outlet of primary water pump turbine wheel is connected with primary draft tube, the primary draft tube of primary volute is connected with the water inlet of secondary volute through connecting pipe, forming series structure.

[0005] When water turbine is in working condition, water flows into primary volute, completes energy conversion of half of total water head through primary water pump turbine runner, and is discharged from primary draft tube, enters secondary volute through connecting pipeline, and is discharged from secondary draft tube after completing energy conversion of the remaining half in secondary runner, when water pump is in working condition, water flow is inverse process of water turbine working condition, water is sucked from secondary draft tube, enters primary volute from secondary volute through connecting pipeline, and is discharged from primary volute inlet after completing energy inversion in primary water pump turbine runner, the axial water thrust of runner is consistent in size and opposite in direction during operation, and the balance of axial force is automatically realized.

[0006] The present application has compact structure, scientific and reasonable design, overcomes the shortcomings of conventional water pump turbine, such as limited water head, large axial force, complex system, high cost, etc., and has reliable operation, reduces engineering quantity and unit investment, and has significant social and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 It is the structural schematic diagram (cross section) of the present application.

[0008] Figure 2 It is the top view of the present application.

[0009] Figure 3 It is the structural side view of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The specific embodiment of the present application is described in detail in combination with the drawings and specific conditions.

[0011] With reference to the drawings, the application discloses a double-pick two-stage series connection reversible hydraulic generator set with self-balanced axial force, which comprises a first water pump turbine, a second water pump turbine and a power generator motor, characterized in that the two ends of the power generator motor 9 are connected with a main shaft 8 respectively, the first water pump turbine and the second water pump turbine are reversely symmetrical and are arranged on the two ends of the main shaft 8, the first water pump turbine comprises a first volute 1-1, a first fixed guide vane 2-1, a first movable guide vane 3-1, a first water pump turbine wheel 4-1 and a first water tail pipe 6-1, the first volute 1-1 is internally provided with the first fixed guide vane 2-1 which is uniformly distributed, the inner side of the first fixed guide vane 2-1 is concentrically provided with the first movable guide vane 3-1 which is opened between adjacent ones, the first movable guide vane 3-1 is connected with a first speed regulating mechanism 7-1 which penetrates through the first volute 1-1, the first speed regulating mechanism 7-1 is connected with a second speed regulating mechanism 7-2 through a synchronous shaft 12, so that the guide vane opening degree and the water turbine operation condition are kept consistent, the inner side of the first movable guide vane 3-1 is concentrically provided with the first water pump turbine wheel 4-1, the inner side shaft hole of the first water pump turbine wheel 4-1 is connected with the outer periphery of the main shaft 8 through a key, the main shaft 8 at the left end of the first water pump turbine wheel 4-1 is provided with a first water discharge cone 5-1, the water outlet of the first water pump turbine wheel 4-1 is connected with the first water tail pipe 6-1, the first water tail pipe 6-1 of the first volute 1-1 is connected with the water inlet of a second volute 1-2 through a connecting pipe 10, so as to form a series connection structure, the axial water thrusts borne by the water wheels are consistent in size and opposite in direction, and the axial force is automatically balanced.

[0012] In order to ensure better implementation effect, the second water pump turbine is the same as the first water pump turbine in structure, the second water pump turbine comprises a second volute 1-2, a second fixed guide vane 2-2, a second movable guide vane 3-2, a second water pump turbine wheel 4-2 and a second water tail pipe 6-2, the second volute 1-2 is internally provided with the second fixed guide vane 2-2 which is uniformly distributed, the inner side of the second fixed guide vane 2-2 is concentrically provided with the second movable guide vane 3-2 which is opened between adjacent ones, the second movable guide vane 3-2 is connected with the second speed regulating mechanism 7-2 which penetrates through the second volute 1-2, the inner side of the second movable guide vane 3-2 is concentrically provided with the second water pump turbine wheel 4-2, the inner side shaft hole of the second water pump turbine wheel 4-2 is connected with the outer periphery of the main shaft 8 through a key, and the main shaft 8 at the right end of the second water pump turbine wheel 4-2 is provided with a second water discharge cone 5-2.

[0013] The right end of the first volute 1-1 is provided with a first top cover 11-1 through shaft sealing at the connection with the main shaft 8, and the left end of the second volute 1-2 is provided with a second top cover 11-2 through shaft sealing at the connection with the main shaft 8.

[0014] The power generator motor 9 is a synchronous power generator motor or an asynchronous power generator motor.

[0015] The first and second movable guide vanes 3-1 and 3-2 are equal in number and are provided with 10-20 evenly distributed guide vanes, and the first and second fixed guide vanes 2-1 and 2-2 are equal in number and are provided with 2-10 evenly distributed guide vanes.

[0016] The first speed regulation mechanism 7-1 comprises a hand lamp integrated actuator 701, a rocker arm 702, a push-pull rod 703, a long ear handle 704, a short ear handle 705 and a connecting plate 706, the rocker arm 702 is hinged to one end of the push-pull rod 703, the other end of the push-pull rod 703 is hinged to one end of the long ear handle 704, the other end of the long ear handle 704 is connected to one of the first movable guide vanes 3-1, the other first movable guide vanes 2 are connected to one end of the short ear handle 705, the other end of the short ear handle 705 is connected to two adjacent connecting plates 706, and the connecting plates 706 are connected to the long ear handle 704, forming a transmission structure, the hand lamp integrated actuator 701 drives the rocker arm 702 to rotate around the center of the output shaft 707, and the rotation torque is transmitted to the long ear handle 704 through the push-pull rod 703, when the long ear handle 704 rotates, the short ear handle 705 is driven to rotate through the connecting plate 706, thereby realizing the synchronous opening and closing of all the first movable guide vanes 3-1, and the second speed regulation mechanism 7-2 has the same structure as the first speed regulation mechanism 7-1.

[0017] The axial force self-balancing two-pivot double-pick two-stage series connection reversible hydroelectric generator set has two operating conditions of a water turbine and a water pump, in the water turbine condition, water flows into the first volute 1-1, completes energy conversion of half of the total water head through the first pump-turbine runner 3-1, and is discharged from the first draft tube 6-1 and enters the second volute 1-2 through the connecting pipeline 10, and completes the remaining half of the energy conversion inside the second runner 4-2 and is discharged from the second draft tube 6-2, in the water pump condition, the water flow is the reverse process of the water turbine condition, water flows into the second draft tube 6-2, enters the first volute 1-1 from the second volute 1-2 through the connecting pipeline 10 after passing through the second runner 4-2, and is discharged through the inlet of the first volute 1-1 after completing the energy conversion in the first pump-turbine runner 3-1.

[0018] In the application, the primary water pump turbine and the secondary water pump turbine are reversely installed on the two ends of the main shaft, the primary water pump turbine runner 4-1 comprises a hub, a blade array and a lower ring, the primary water discharge cone 5-1 connects the primary water pump turbine runner 4-1 to the left end of the main shaft, the water flow in the turbine working condition enters the primary spiral case 1-1, completes the energy conversion of half of the total water head through the primary water pump turbine runner 3-1, is discharged from the primary tail water pipe 6-1, enters the secondary spiral case 1-2 through the connecting pipeline 10, and is discharged from the secondary tail water pipe 6-2 after completing the energy conversion of the remaining half in the secondary runner 4-2, the water flow in the water pump working condition is the reverse process of the turbine working condition, the primary speed regulation mechanism 7-1 and the secondary speed regulation mechanism 7-2 keep the action synchronization through the synchronization shaft 9, so as to ensure that the guide vane opening degree and the two-stage turbine operation condition are the same, the axial water thrusts borne by the runners are consistent in size and opposite in direction, the axial force balance is automatically realized, two groups of bearings are arranged in the motor, the primary and secondary water pump turbines and the generator are fixed on the same common base, and the structure is compact.

[0019] The primary water pump turbine and the secondary water pump turbine are designed according to the water pump turbine theory, the hydraulic design parameters are kept consistent, the structure is reversely installed along the shaft mirror image, the two-stage turbine is in a relay relationship in the working condition, the total water head can reach 2 times of the single water pump turbine water head, the water head change adaptability is stronger, the axial water thrusts borne by the primary water pump turbine runner 4-1 and the secondary water pump turbine runner 4-2 are equal in size and opposite in direction in the running process, the two forces jointly act on the main shaft 8 to realize the force balance, the axial water thrust accounts for a major part in the whole shaft system force, after the axial force is automatically balanced, the bearing force is greatly reduced, a simpler bearing type and lubrication form can be selected, the external auxiliary system is simplified or even cancelled, and this is favorable for reducing the construction investment of the small and micro pumped storage power station.

[0020] The primary speed regulation mechanism 7-1 and the secondary speed regulation mechanism 7-2 keep the action synchronization in the working condition, the output shafts of the speed regulation mechanisms are connected through the synchronization shaft 12, the two-stage water turbine operation condition is kept consistent, and the axial force self-balancing effect is better.

[0021] The left and right ends of the generator motor 9 are integrally connected with the primary water pump turbine and the secondary water pump turbine through the stepped cooperation, the centering of the unit is guaranteed by mechanical processing, the installation process is convenient and simple, the centering precision is high, the ring gap can take a smaller value, the ring leakage loss is reduced, the water pump turbine upper crown and the top cover 11 do not need to be provided with pressure relief balance holes, and the operation efficiency of the water pump turbine is improved.

[0022] The application has two operation conditions of water turbine and water pump, in the water turbine condition, water flows into the first volute 1-1, and the energy conversion of half of total water head is completed in the first water pump turbine runner 3-1, then the water is discharged from the first tail water pipe 6-1 through the first fixed guide vane 2-1 and the first movable guide vane 3-1, and then enters the second volute 1-2 through the connecting pipeline 10, and then the energy conversion of the remaining half is completed in the second runner 4-2, and then the water is discharged from the second tail water pipe 6-2, in the water pump condition, the water flow is the reverse process of the water turbine condition, the water is sucked from the second tail water pipe 6-2, and then enters the first volute 1-1 from the second volute 1-2 through the connecting pipeline 10, and then the energy conversion is completed in the first water pump turbine runner 3-1, and then the water is discharged from the first volute 1-1 inlet.

[0023] The application is tested in the field, and the effect is very ideal, and the specific data are as follows:

[0024] The axial force self-balancing two-hinged double-pick two-stage series reversible hydroelectric generator set is used for an energy storage test bench, the design water head is 360m, the flow is 3000m 3 / h, the axial force self-balancing two-hinged double-pick two-stage series reversible water turbine and asynchronous generator motor set is used, the single water pump turbine design water head is 180m, the set is horizontally arranged, the reversible double-runner cascade is designed according to the water pump turbine principle, the first and second stage water pump turbine runners all adopt 9 long blades, the set is matched with a 2240kW asynchronous generator motor, the synchronous speed is 1500r / min, the speed regulator adopts a mechanical electric structure, the set is stable during the experiment, the energy storage conversion efficiency reaches 0.65~0.75, the set adopts the horizontal shaft arrangement mode, adopts two groups of deep groove ball bearings and lithium base grease lubrication, the axial water thrust is almost balanced during operation, the vibration is small, the pressure pulsation in the bladeless area is small, and the high efficiency area is wide.

[0025] The application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0026] 1. The axial force self-balancing two-hinged double-pick two-stage series reversible hydroelectric generator set has a novel structure, the water head of the two-stage water pump turbine series is increased by 2 times, the adaptability to water head change is stronger, the total water head is high, the construction investment can be greatly reduced, the axial force is automatically balanced during operation, the set is stable, the volume loss is small, and the efficiency is high;

[0027] 2、The unit has only two bearings of the generator, and the water turbine is arranged in a "double challenge" mode, the structure is compact, the axial size is short, the two ends of the motor are matched with the two-stage water pump water turbine through steps, the centering accuracy is high, the gap between the ports is small, the top cover and the upper crown do not need to open pressure relief balance holes, the volume loss is small, the efficiency is high, the unit adopts a horizontal shaft integral arrangement scheme, the unit structure is compact and convenient to install, the civil excavation amount and the site installation engineering quantity can be reduced, and the power station engineering investment is reduced;

[0028] 3、The output shaft of the speed regulating mechanism is kept consistent through a synchronous shaft, the unit operating conditions are consistent, the water thrust balance effect is good, the bearing stress is small, rolling bearings and grease lubrication are adopted, the auxiliary system is small, the layout is flexible, the requirements of small and micro high-head pumped storage power stations are fully met, and the social and economic benefits are remarkable.

[0029] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more than two; the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A double pick two-stage series connection reversible hydroelectric generator set with self-balanced axial force, comprising a first water pump turbine, a second water pump turbine and a generator motor, characterized in that, The main shaft (8) of the power generation motor (9) is respectively provided with a first-stage water pump water turbine and a second-stage water pump water turbine with the same structure at both ends, and the first-stage water pump water turbine and the second-stage water pump water turbine are reversely and symmetrically arranged at both ends of the main shaft (8). The first-stage water pump water turbine comprises a first-stage spiral case (1-1), a first-stage fixed guide vane (2-1), a first-stage movable guide vane (3-1), a first-stage water pump water turbine runner (4-1) and a first-stage draft tube (6-1). The first-stage spiral case (1-1) is internally provided with the first-stage fixed guide vanes (2-1) uniformly distributed. The inner side of the first-stage fixed guide vanes (2-1) is concentrically provided with the first-stage movable guide vanes (3-1) alternately arranged. The first-stage movable guide vanes (3-1) are connected with a first-stage speed regulating mechanism (7-1) penetrating through the first-stage spiral case (1-1). The first-stage speed regulating mechanism (7-1) is connected with a second-stage speed regulating mechanism (7-2) through a synchronous shaft (12), so as to keep the guide vane opening degree and the water turbine operation condition consistent. The inner side of the first-stage movable guide vanes (3-1) is concentrically provided with the first-stage water pump water turbine runner (4-1). The inner side shaft hole of the first-stage water pump water turbine runner (4-1) is connected with the outer periphery of the main shaft (8) through a key. The main shaft (8) at the left end of the first-stage water pump water turbine runner (4-1) is provided with a first-stage water discharge cone (5-1). The water outlet of the first-stage water pump water turbine runner (4-1) is connected with the first-stage draft tube (6-1) in communication. The first-stage draft tube (6-1) of the first-stage spiral case (1-1) is connected with the water inlet of the second-stage spiral case (1-2) of the second-stage water pump water turbine through a connecting pipeline (10), so as to form a series structure. The number of the first-stage movable guide vanes (3-1) and the second-stage movable guide vanes (3-2) is the same, which is 10-20. The number of the first-stage fixed guide vanes (2-1) and the second-stage fixed guide vanes (2-2) is the same, which is 2-10. The first-stage speed regulating mechanism (7-1) comprises a hand and electric integrated actuator (701), a rocker arm (702), a push-pull rod (703), a long ear handle (704), a short ear handle (705) and a connecting plate (706). The rocker arm (702) and one end of the push-pull rod (703) are hinged together. The other end of the push-pull rod (703) is hinged with one end of the long ear handle (704). The other end of the long ear handle (704) is connected with one of the first-stage movable guide vanes (3-1). The rest of the first-stage movable guide vanes (3-1) are connected with one end of the short ear handle (705) respectively. The other end of the short ear handle (705) is connected with two adjacent connecting plates (706) respectively, and is connected with the long ear handle (704) through the connecting plates (706), so as to form a transmission structure. The hand and electric integrated actuator (701) drives the rocker arm (702) to rotate around the center of the output shaft (707). The rotation torque is transmitted to the long ear handle (704) through the push-pull rod (703). When the long ear handle (704) rotates, the short ear handle (705) is driven to rotate through the connecting plate (706), so as to realize the synchronous opening and closing of all the first-stage movable guide vanes (3-1). The second-stage speed regulating mechanism (7-2) has the same structure as the first-stage speed regulating mechanism (7-1). When the water turbine is in operation, water flows into the primary volute (1-1), and the energy conversion of half of the total water head is completed in the primary pump turbine runner (4-1), and then the water is discharged from the primary draft tube (6-1) and enters the secondary volute (1-2) through the connecting pipeline (10), and the remaining half of the energy conversion is completed in the secondary pump turbine runner (4-2), and then the water is discharged from the secondary draft tube (6-2). When the water pump is in operation, the water flow is the reverse process of the water turbine operation, and the water is sucked from the secondary draft tube (6-2), and then enters the primary volute (1-1) through the secondary pump turbine runner (4-2) and the connecting pipeline (10), and then the energy is inversely converted in the primary pump turbine runner (4-1), and then the water is discharged through the primary volute (1-1) inlet. During operation, the axial water thrust of the runner is consistent in size and opposite in direction, and the axial force balance is automatically realized.

2. The axial force self-balanced double pick two-stage tandem reversible hydroelectric generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary pump turbine has the same structure as the primary pump turbine, and the secondary pump turbine secondary volute (1-2), secondary fixed guide vane (2-2), secondary movable guide vane (3-2), secondary pump turbine runner (4-2) and secondary draft tube (6-2) are provided. The secondary fixed guide vane (2-2) is uniformly arranged in the secondary volute (1-2), the secondary movable guide vane (3-2) is concentrically arranged on the inner side of the secondary fixed guide vane (2-2), the secondary movable guide vane (3-2) is connected with the secondary speed regulation mechanism (7-2) penetrating the secondary volute (1-2), the secondary pump turbine runner (4-2) is concentrically arranged on the inner side of the secondary movable guide vane (3-2), the shaft hole on the inner side of the secondary pump turbine runner (4-2) is connected with the outer periphery of the main shaft (8) through a key, and the main shaft (8) on the right end of the secondary pump turbine runner (4-2) is provided with a secondary drain cone (5-2).

3. The axial force self-balanced double pick two-stage tandem reversible hydroelectric generator set according to claim 2, characterized in that, The secondary movable guide vane (3-2) is provided with 10-20 uniformly distributed secondary fixed guide vanes (2-2), and the secondary fixed guide vane (2-2) is provided with 2-10 uniformly distributed secondary fixed guide vanes (2-2).

4. The axial force self-balanced double pick two-stage tandem reversible hydroelectric generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary volute (1-1) is connected with the main shaft (8) at the right end and is provided with a primary top cover (11-1) through a shaft seal, and the secondary volute (1-2) is connected with the main shaft (8) at the left end and is provided with a secondary top cover (11-2) through a shaft seal.

5. The axial force self-balanced double pick two-stage tandem reversible hydroelectric generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generator motor (9) is a synchronous generator motor or an asynchronous generator motor.

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