Power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system and protection method

Abstract

The present invention provides a power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system and protection method. The power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system includes: a battery management unit (BMU); a monitoring and protection system; the monitoring and protection system communicates with the BMU via a first communication method and a second communication method, wherein the first communication method and the second communication method include a hard-wired communication method; a vehicle collision system, the vehicle collision system communicates with the BMU, and the vehicle collision system is used to monitor whether the vehicle has collided; and a trigger-type fuse system, the trigger-type fuse system communicates with the monitoring and protection system, and the trigger-type fuse system is used to cut off the high voltage output by the battery pack. By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the redundant communication method makes the communication between the BMU and the monitoring and protection system more stable, solving the problem of communication being susceptible to interference in the prior art. The high-voltage monitoring and protection system can effectively avoid safety issues caused by vehicle collisions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle high-voltage protection, and in particular to a power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system and a protection method. Background Art

[0002] Current high-voltage monitoring devices primarily monitor battery pack total voltage, busbar current, insulation status, relay adhesion, and other status information. In the event of an abnormal vehicle operating condition, such as a collision, the battery management unit (BMU) controls the high-voltage relay to cut off the battery pack busbar output, thereby protecting the driver and passengers. However, this system still carries certain risks. Specifically, in the event of a serious collision resulting in a short circuit between the busbars, the high-voltage relay switch contacts can easily become stuck under the instantaneous high current of the short circuit, preventing the high-voltage output from being cut off. At this point, the high-voltage busbar output can only be cut off by blowing a fuse in the battery's high-voltage circuit. However, this fuse typically takes tens of milliseconds or even hundreds of milliseconds to blow.

[0003] In addition, there is often only one way for communication between the high-voltage monitoring device and the battery management unit, such as isoSPI communication or CAN communication. However, since the high-voltage monitoring device is connected to the high-voltage output in the battery pack, and the high-voltage circuit will generate large electromagnetic interference during the relay switching process and the operation of the back-end load, when the interference affects the communication, data loss may occur. In severe cases, communication may be impossible, and the entire vehicle will experience power interruption and affect safety.

[0004] Patent document CN111660813A discloses a battery high-voltage detection device that separates the high-voltage detection module from the main controller to reduce electromagnetic interference from the high-voltage detection module on the main controller. The main controller and the high-voltage detection module exchange commands and data via wireless communication. The patent mentions separating the high-voltage detection module from the main controller to improve interference resistance, but using only one communication method for data exchange. However, electromagnetic interference in high-voltage environments can also interfere with communication.

[0005] Patent document CN110239348A discloses a safety monitoring system and method for electric vehicle power batteries. The system primarily consists of a collision detection module, a battery safety monitoring module, a battery management system, a high-voltage relay, and an alarm device. In the event of a collision, the high-voltage electrical circuit is disconnected. The battery safety monitoring module provides feedback on the current safety signal, and the battery management system determines whether to reclose the relay and reconnect the high-voltage circuit based on this safety status information. The battery safety monitoring module comprises an ultrasonic sensor, a voltage sensor, and a temperature sensor. The ultrasonic sensor can detect gas state characteristics within the battery pack, enabling early prediction and diagnosis of post-collision risks and thus reflecting the battery's safety status after the collision. The patent states that after a collision, the system primarily determines whether to disconnect the high-voltage relay and trip the irreversible fuse by comparing the deformation signal with a threshold and the acceleration signal with a threshold. Ultrasonic sensors monitor the gas composition, voltage drop threshold, and temperature rise rate threshold within the battery pack to determine whether thermal runaway has occurred, determining whether to re-engage the relay and alerting the driver and passengers to escape. However, monitoring the gas composition within the battery pack exhibits a certain time lag.

[0006] There is currently no solution to the communication interference problem and fuse blowing time lag problem in the above-mentioned power battery monitoring system. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a power battery high voltage monitoring and protection system and protection method to solve the communication interference problem of the power battery monitoring system in the prior art.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, a power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system is provided, comprising: a battery management unit; a monitoring and protection system, wherein the monitoring and protection system communicates with the battery management unit through a first communication mode and a second communication mode, wherein one of the first communication mode and the second communication mode includes hard-wired communication; a whole vehicle collision system, wherein the whole vehicle collision system communicates with the battery management unit, and the whole vehicle collision system is used to monitor whether the vehicle collides; and a trigger-type fuse system, wherein the trigger-type fuse system communicates with the monitoring and protection system, and the trigger-type fuse system is used to cut off the high voltage output by the battery pack.

[0009] Optionally, the power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system also includes: a battery status monitoring system, which communicates with the battery management unit, and the battery status monitoring system is used to monitor the cell voltage of the battery pack, the output current of the battery pack bus, the insulation resistance value of the battery pack, the gas pressure in the battery pack, the module surface temperature of multiple battery modules, and the temperature inside the module.

[0010] Optionally, the power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system further includes: a high-voltage relay system, which communicates with the monitoring and protection system and is used to control the on-off of the high-voltage bus output.

[0011] Optionally, the power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system further includes: a spray system, which communicates with the monitoring and protection system and is used to spray and cool the battery module.

[0012] Optionally, the battery status monitoring system includes: a thermal sensing sensor, which is arranged on the surface of the battery module and is used to monitor the surface temperature of all battery modules; a temperature sensor, which is arranged inside at least part of the battery module and is used to monitor the internal module temperature of the battery module.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, a power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection method is provided, which is used to control the above-mentioned power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system, and the method includes: collecting vehicle status signals and operating condition information of the vehicle battery pack, wherein the operating condition information includes at least one of the following: output current, insulation resistance value, gas pressure, module surface temperature, cell voltage, and module internal temperature, and the status signal includes a collision signal generated by a vehicle collision and a normal signal when no collision occurs; when the status signal and the operating condition information meet preset conditions, a control instruction set is generated, and the control instruction set includes a control instruction for controlling the monitoring and protection system to send a cut-off control signal to the high-voltage relay system; the high-voltage relay system executes a high-voltage relay cut-off action in response to the control instruction.

[0014] Optionally, when the operating condition information meets the preset conditions, a control instruction set is generated, including: when the output current is higher than the preset current threshold, the insulation resistance value is within the first preset range, the gas pressure is within the first preset pressure range, the module surface temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, the battery cell voltage is within the preset voltage range, the temperature inside the module is lower than the second preset temperature and the status signal is a normal signal, a control instruction set is generated.

[0015] Optionally, the method also includes: when the output current is higher than a preset current threshold, the insulation resistance value is within a second preset range, the gas pressure is within a first preset pressure range, the module surface temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, the battery cell voltage is within a preset voltage range, the temperature inside the module is lower than the second preset temperature and the status signal is a normal signal, generating a first target instruction of the control instruction set, the first target instruction being used to control the monitoring and protection system to send a cut-off control signal to the high-voltage relay system; collecting a first voltage of the high-voltage relay system before the high-voltage relay is cut off and a second voltage of the high-voltage relay system after the high-voltage relay is cut off, and sending the first voltage and the second voltage to the battery management unit; judging whether relay adhesion occurs in the high-voltage relay system based on the first voltage and the second voltage; when it is determined that relay adhesion occurs in the high-voltage relay system, generating a second target instruction in the control instruction set, the second target instruction being used to control the monitoring and protection system to send a trigger signal to the trigger-type fuse system, and the trigger-type fuse system executes the cutting-off of the high-voltage output of the battery pack.

[0016] Optionally, the method also includes: when the output current is higher than a preset current threshold, the gas pressure is within a second preset pressure range, the module surface temperature is higher than the first preset temperature, the battery cell voltage is higher than the first preset voltage value or lower than the second preset voltage value, and the temperature inside the module is higher than the second preset temperature, generating a third target instruction in the control instruction set, the third target instruction is used to control the monitoring and protection system to send a trigger signal and a spray signal, wherein the trigger signal is used to control the trigger-type fuse system to execute the action of cutting off the high-voltage output of the battery pack, and the spray signal is used to control the spray system to perform a directional spray cooling operation on the failed battery module.

[0017] Optionally, when the collision signal and operating condition information meet preset conditions, a control instruction set is generated, including: when the status signal is a collision signal, the output current is higher than the preset current threshold, the module surface temperature is higher than the first preset temperature, the battery cell voltage is higher than the first preset voltage value or lower than the second preset voltage value, and the temperature inside the module is higher than the second preset temperature, a fourth target instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the fourth target instruction is used to control the monitoring and protection system to send a trigger signal and a spray signal, wherein the trigger signal is used to control the trigger-type fuse system to execute the action of cutting off the high-voltage output of the battery pack, and the spray signal is used to control the spray system to perform a directional spray cooling operation on the failed battery module.

[0018] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, when a vehicle collides, the vehicle collision system sends a collision signal to the battery management unit, which sends a command to the monitoring and protection system through communication to trigger the trigger-type fuse system. When the communication mode is interfered with by the outside world, the battery management unit can send a collision trigger signal to the monitoring and protection system through hard-wired communication to trigger the trigger-type fuse system. Through hard-wired communication, the communication between the battery management unit and the monitoring and protection system is more stable and reliable, solving the communication interference problem in the prior art and effectively avoiding the safety problems of the power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system caused by vehicle collisions. At the same time, the response time of the trigger-type fuse in the trigger-type fuse system is generally within 5ms, which is faster than the reaction speed of ordinary fuses, and it cannot be restored after being cut off, providing more time for the safe evacuation of personnel and the prevention of secondary accidents, effectively ensuring personal safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It shows a structural block diagram of a first embodiment of a power battery high voltage monitoring and protection system according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It shows a structural block diagram of a second embodiment of a power battery high voltage monitoring and protection system according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for monitoring and protecting a power battery high voltage according to the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic flow chart showing a second embodiment of a method for monitoring and protecting a power battery high voltage according to the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart showing a third embodiment of a method for monitoring and protecting a power battery high voltage according to the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic flow chart showing a fourth embodiment of a method for monitoring and protecting a power battery high voltage according to the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic flow chart showing a fifth embodiment of a method for monitoring and protecting a power battery high voltage according to the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic flow chart showing a sixth embodiment of a method for monitoring and protecting a power battery high voltage according to the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 9 A schematic flow chart showing a seventh embodiment of a method for monitoring and protecting a power battery high voltage according to the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 10 A schematic flow chart showing an eighth embodiment of a method for monitoring and protecting a power battery high voltage according to the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 11 A flow chart of a ninth embodiment of a method for monitoring and protecting a power battery high voltage according to the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can, for example, be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0034] Now, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in a variety of different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of this application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of these exemplary embodiments to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the accompanying drawings, for the sake of clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to represent the same devices, and thus their descriptions will be omitted.

[0035] Combine Figures 1 to 2 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present application, a power battery high voltage monitoring and protection system is provided.

[0036] The power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system includes a battery management unit, a monitoring and protection system, a vehicle collision system and a trigger-type fuse system. The monitoring and protection system communicates with the battery management unit through a first communication mode and a second communication mode, wherein one of the first communication mode and the second communication mode includes hard-wired communication. The vehicle collision system communicates with the battery management unit, and the vehicle collision system is used to monitor whether the vehicle collides. The trigger-type fuse system communicates with the monitoring and protection system, and the trigger-type fuse system is used to cut off the high voltage output of the battery pack.

[0037] When the power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system of this embodiment is used, when a vehicle collides, the vehicle collision system sends a collision signal to the battery management unit. The battery management unit sends instructions to control the monitoring and protection system to trigger the trigger-type fuse system through communication. When the communication method is interfered with by the outside world, the battery management unit can send a collision trigger signal to the monitoring and protection system through hard-wired communication to trigger the trigger-type fuse system. Through hard-wired communication, the communication between the battery management unit and the monitoring and protection system is more stable and reliable, solving the communication interference problem in the prior art and effectively avoiding the safety problems of the power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system caused by vehicle collisions. At the same time, the response time of the trigger-type fuse in the trigger-type fuse system is generally within 5ms, which is faster than the reaction speed of ordinary fuses, and it cannot be restored after being cut off, providing more time for the safe evacuation of personnel and the prevention of secondary accidents, effectively ensuring personal safety.

[0038] Preferably, in order to ensure that the high voltage output can be reliably cut off when a vehicle failure occurs, the monitoring protection system monitors whether the trigger fuse system is normal during system initialization.

[0039] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, one of the first communication mode and the second communication mode includes wired communication and wireless communication. The wired communication mode may be CAN communication or isoSPI communication, and the wireless communication mode may be LAN communication, Bluetooth communication, etc. In this embodiment, the monitoring and protection system communicates with the battery management unit through the first communication mode and the second communication mode. The first communication mode is hard-wired communication, and the second communication mode includes two signal lines (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the communication mode 1 and communication mode 2, both communication mode 1 and communication mode 2 can be any one of wired communication and wireless communication. For example, communication mode 1 can be wired communication and communication mode 2 can be wireless communication. The communication mode selection of communication mode 1 and communication mode 2 can be changed according to the vehicle model.

[0040] Preferably, the battery management unit communicates with the cloud data platform, and the battery management unit regularly reports battery cell data, temperature data, battery fault status, vehicle fault status, etc. to the cloud data platform.

[0041] Specifically, the power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system also includes a battery status monitoring system, which communicates with the battery management unit and is used to monitor the battery pack's cell voltage, the output current of the battery pack busbar, the insulation resistance of the battery pack, the gas pressure within the battery pack, and the surface and internal temperatures of multiple battery modules. The battery status monitoring system can monitor the battery status in real time. When a battery experiences a thermal failure, the battery management unit can send a command via communication to control the monitoring and protection system to trigger the trigger-type fuse system. If the communication method is interfered with by external factors, the battery management unit can send a thermal failure trigger signal to the monitoring and protection system via hard-wired communication to trigger the trigger-type fuse system, effectively avoiding vehicle safety issues caused by thermal failures.

[0042] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, the battery status monitoring system can also communicate with the monitoring and protection system. At this time, the monitoring and protection system only communicates with the battery management unit to transmit the collision signal and battery status data. The monitoring and protection system can directly determine the battery status and control the triggered fuse system based on the data collected by the battery status monitoring system.

[0043] Wherein, optionally, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the battery status monitoring system includes a total voltage monitoring system, a total current monitoring system, an insulation monitoring system, a gas pressure monitoring system and a thermal sensing monitoring system. The total voltage monitoring system is used to monitor the total voltage of the battery pack (i.e., the total voltage signal in the figure), the total current monitoring system is used to monitor the output current of the battery pack busbar (i.e., the total current signal in the figure), and the insulation monitoring system is used to monitor the insulation status between the battery pack busbar output and the battery pack shell (i.e., the insulation status signal in the figure). In this embodiment, the insulation monitoring system determines the insulation status between the battery pack busbar output and the battery pack shell by monitoring the insulation resistance value of the battery pack. The gas pressure monitoring system is used to monitor the gas pressure in the sealed space in the battery pack (i.e., the pressure signal in the figure), and the thermal sensing monitoring system is used to monitor the module surface temperature of each module in the battery pack (i.e., the temperature signal in the figure).

[0044] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, the battery status monitoring system further includes a cell monitoring unit, which is configured to monitor the cell voltage and the internal temperature of the battery module.

[0045] Furthermore, the power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system also includes a high-voltage relay system, which communicates with the monitoring and protection system and is used to control the on and off of the high-voltage bus output.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the high-voltage relay system is a switch device system that controls the on-off of the high-voltage relay to achieve on-off control of the high-voltage bus output of the battery pack.

[0047] Furthermore, the power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system also includes a spray system, which communicates with the monitoring and protection system and is used to spray and cool the battery modules. The spray system can quickly cool the battery module surface. In the event of thermal failure, the spray system sprays directly at the failure point to provide more time for drivers and passengers to escape.

[0048] Among them, the battery status monitoring system includes a thermal sensor and a temperature sensor. The thermal sensor is arranged on the surface of the battery module and is used to monitor the surface temperature of all battery modules. At least part of the battery module is internally provided with a temperature sensor and is used to monitor the internal temperature of the battery module.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the thermal sensing sensor is an infrared thermal sensing sensor, which is arranged on each battery module so that the infrared thermal sensing sensor can monitor the module surface temperature of each battery module. At least one temperature sensor is set inside the battery module, and the internal module temperature obtained by the temperature sensor is compared with the module surface temperature. When the difference is large, it can be judged that the battery pack temperature is abnormal. Monitoring the temperature inside and outside the module makes the battery pack monitoring more accurate and can detect battery thermal failure more timely.

[0050] Optionally, the layout positions of the thermal sensors and temperature sensors are pre-stored in the battery management unit. When a large temperature difference is detected between the inside and outside of the module in a certain area, the battery management unit can obtain the location information of the area and control the spray system to perform targeted cooling on the area.

[0051] The power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system in the above embodiment has a triggered fuse system. The triggered fuse has a faster response than a conventional fuse, with a general response time of less than 5ms, which quickly cuts off the high-voltage output of the entire system, providing more time for the safe evacuation of personnel and the prevention of secondary accidents. At the same time, the system communicates through two different communication methods, and the redundant communication mechanism can effectively ensure communication reliability. Through communication with the cloud data platform, information such as the battery pack status information and the battery pack thermal failure location can be reported to the cloud data platform to achieve real-time monitoring of the battery.

[0052] According to another specific embodiment of the present application, a power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection method is provided, which is used to control the power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system in the above embodiment.

[0053] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, the method includes: collecting vehicle status signals and operating condition information of the vehicle battery pack, wherein the operating condition information includes at least one of the following: output current, insulation resistance value, gas pressure, module surface temperature, battery cell voltage, and module internal temperature, and the status signal includes a collision signal generated by a vehicle collision and a normal signal when no collision occurs; when the status signal and the operating condition information meet preset conditions, generating a control instruction set, the control instruction set including a control instruction for controlling the monitoring and protection system to send a cut-off control signal to the high-voltage relay system; the high-voltage relay system executes a high-voltage relay cut-off action in response to the control instruction.

[0054] The power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection method of this embodiment generates a control instruction set based on the vehicle's status signal and the battery pack's operating condition information. Compared with the methods in the prior art, the operating condition information in this embodiment includes output current, insulation resistance value, gas pressure, module surface temperature, battery cell voltage, and module internal temperature. The introduction of multiple parameters enables a more timely response when an abnormality occurs in the vehicle, solving the problem of delayed response of power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection in the prior art.

[0055] Further, if Figure 4 As shown, when the operating condition information meets the preset conditions, a control instruction set is generated, including: when the output current is higher than the preset current threshold, the insulation resistance value is within the first preset range, the gas pressure is within the first preset pressure range, the module surface temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, the battery cell voltage is within the preset voltage range, the temperature inside the module is lower than the second preset temperature and the status signal is a normal signal, a control instruction set is generated.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the insulation resistance value being in the first preset range may mean that the insulation resistance value is lower than a first threshold and greater than a second threshold, wherein the first threshold is 500Ω / V and the second threshold is 100Ω / V.

[0057] Alternatively, as Figure 8As shown, in an exemplary embodiment of the present application, when the total current (i.e., the aforementioned output current) is higher than the current threshold (i.e., the aforementioned preset current threshold), the insulation resistance value is lower than the first threshold and greater than the second threshold, the signal monitored by the thermal sensor is normal, the vehicle has not collided (i.e., the status signal is a normal signal), the battery cell voltage is not overvoltage or undervoltage, the module temperature (i.e., the temperature inside the module) is not overtemperature, and the rate of change of the gas pressure and the threshold of the gas pressure are both within the preset normal range (i.e., no abnormality), the high-voltage relay is cut off and the fuse is not triggered at this time.

[0058] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the method also includes: when the output current is higher than a preset current threshold, the insulation resistance value is within a second preset range, the gas pressure is within a first preset pressure range, the module surface temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, the cell voltage is within a preset voltage range, the module internal temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, and the status signal is a normal signal, generating a first target instruction of the control instruction set, the first target instruction is used to control the monitoring and protection system to send a cut-off control signal to the high-voltage relay system; collecting a first voltage of the high-voltage relay system before the high-voltage relay is cut off and a second voltage of the high-voltage relay system after the high-voltage relay is cut off, and sending the first voltage and the second voltage to the battery management unit; judging whether the high-voltage relay system has relay sticking based on the first voltage and the second voltage; if it is determined that the high-voltage relay system has relay sticking, generating a second target instruction of the control instruction set, the second target instruction is used to control the monitoring and protection system to send a trigger signal to the trigger-type fuse system, and the trigger-type fuse system executes to cut off the high-voltage output of the battery pack. In this embodiment, relay sticking detection can avoid the situation where the system fails to successfully cut off the high-voltage output due to relay sticking. The trigger-type fuse system can effectively ensure that the system high voltage is powered off to avoid safety accidents.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the insulation resistance value being within the second preset range may mean that the insulation resistance value is lower than a second threshold value, and the second threshold value is 100Ω / V.

[0060] Alternatively, as Figure 9 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment of the present application, when the total current (i.e., the aforementioned output current) is higher than the current threshold (i.e., the aforementioned preset current threshold), the insulation resistance value is lower than the second threshold, the signal monitored by the thermal sensor is normal, the vehicle has not collided (i.e., the status signal is a normal signal), the battery cell voltage is not overvoltage or undervoltage, the module temperature (i.e., the temperature inside the module) is not overheated, the rate of change of the gas pressure and the threshold of the gas pressure are both within the preset normal range (i.e., no abnormalities), the high-voltage relay is cut off and a relay adhesion test is performed. When it is determined that the relay adhesion occurs, the fuse is triggered, and the high voltage of the entire vehicle is powered off.

[0061] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, the method also includes: when the output current is higher than the preset current threshold, the gas pressure is within the second preset pressure range, the module surface temperature is higher than the first preset temperature, the battery cell voltage is higher than the first preset voltage value or lower than the second preset voltage value, and the temperature inside the module is higher than the second preset temperature, generating a third target instruction in the control instruction set, the third target instruction is used to control the monitoring and protection system to send a trigger signal and a spray signal, wherein the trigger signal is used to control the trigger-type fuse system to execute the action of cutting off the high-voltage output of the battery pack, and the spray signal is used to control the spray system to perform a spray cooling operation on the failed battery module.

[0062] Alternatively, as Figure 10 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment of the present application, when the total current (i.e., the aforementioned output current) is higher than the current threshold (i.e., the aforementioned preset current threshold), the signal monitored by the thermal sensor is abnormal, the battery cell voltage is not overvoltage or undervoltage, the module temperature (i.e., the temperature inside the module) is overtemperature, the rate of change of the gas pressure and the threshold of the gas pressure are abnormal, the fuse is triggered to achieve high voltage power-off.

[0063] Furthermore, if Figure 7 As shown, when the collision signal and the operating condition information meet the preset conditions, a control instruction set is generated, including: when the status signal is a collision signal, the output current is higher than the preset current threshold, the module surface temperature is higher than the first preset temperature, the battery cell voltage is higher than the first preset voltage value or lower than the second preset voltage value, and the temperature inside the module is higher than the second preset temperature, a fourth target instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the fourth target instruction is used to control the monitoring and protection system to send a trigger signal and a spray signal, wherein the trigger signal is used to control the trigger-type fuse system to execute the action of cutting off the high-voltage output of the battery pack, and the spray signal is used to control the spray system to perform a spray cooling operation on the failed battery module.

[0064] Alternatively, as Figure 11 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment of the present application, when the total current (i.e., the aforementioned output current) is higher than the current threshold (i.e., the aforementioned preset current threshold), the signal monitored by the thermal sensor is abnormal, the vehicle collides (i.e., the status signal is a collision signal), the battery cell voltage is overvoltage or undervoltage, and the module temperature (i.e., the temperature inside the module) is overtemperature, the fuse is triggered, and the entire vehicle is powered off at high voltage.

[0065] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: after initialization of the power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system, first performing insulation status monitoring. When the insulation resistance value detected is below a set second threshold, an insulation warning message is sent to the battery management unit. The battery management unit then reports the insulation status information to a cloud data platform to facilitate real-time monitoring of the vehicle. In this embodiment, an insulation resistance value above the second threshold is a necessary condition for the high-voltage relay system to close.

[0066] The power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection method in the above-mentioned embodiment detects the gas pressure and module surface temperature in the battery pack and reports them to the battery management unit. The battery management unit compares these two pieces of information with the voltage of the battery cell and the temperature inside the module. When the thermal sensor senses that the module surface temperature in a certain area is higher than the module surface temperature in other locations of the module, it compares the module temperature, battery cell voltage, and gas pressure inside the pack reported by the battery cell monitoring unit. After comprehensive analysis, it determines whether a thermal failure has occurred. If a thermal failure occurs, the spray system is activated to spray the faulty module in a targeted manner to reduce the temperature and slow down the heat diffusion. The trigger fuse is controlled to melt and cut off the high-voltage output to ensure personnel safety. Compared with the monitoring and protection methods in the prior art, the method in this embodiment integrates multiple parameters for judgment, which is more timely and accurate, and effectively improves the safety performance of the vehicle.

[0067] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0068] In addition to the above, it should be noted that references to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," and the like in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment as included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with any embodiment, it is intended that such feature, structure, or characteristic, when implemented in conjunction with other embodiments, also falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0069] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0070] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power battery high voltage monitoring and protection system, characterized in that: include: Battery Management Unit; a monitoring and protection system, wherein the monitoring and protection system communicates with the battery management unit via a first communication mode and a second communication mode, wherein one of the first communication mode and the second communication mode includes hard-wired communication; A vehicle collision system, the vehicle collision system communicating with the battery management unit, the vehicle collision system being used to monitor whether the vehicle has collided; a trigger-type fuse system, the trigger-type fuse system communicating with the monitoring and protection system, the trigger-type fuse system being used to cut off the high voltage output by the battery pack; a battery status monitoring system, the battery status monitoring system communicating with the battery management unit, the battery status monitoring system being used to monitor the cell voltage of the battery pack, the output current of the battery pack busbar, the insulation resistance value of the battery pack, the gas pressure within the battery pack, the module surface temperature of multiple battery modules, and the module internal temperature; A spraying system, which communicates with the monitoring and protection system and is used to spray and cool the battery module.

2. The power battery high voltage monitoring and protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power battery high voltage monitoring and protection system also includes: A high-voltage relay system communicates with the monitoring and protection system, and is used to control the on and off of the high-voltage bus output.

3. The power battery high voltage monitoring and protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery status monitoring system includes: A thermal sensor is provided on the upper surface of the battery module and is used to monitor the surface temperature of all the battery modules; A temperature sensor is provided inside at least a portion of the battery module, and is used to monitor the internal temperature of the battery module.

4. A power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection method, the method being used to control the power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprising: Collecting vehicle status signals and operating condition information of the vehicle battery pack, wherein the operating condition information includes at least one of the following: output current, insulation resistance value, gas pressure, module surface temperature, battery cell voltage, and module internal temperature; the status signals include collision signals generated by vehicle collisions and normal signals generated when no collisions occur; When the state signal and the operating condition information meet a preset condition, a control instruction set is generated, wherein the control instruction set includes a control instruction for controlling the monitoring and protection system to send a cut-off control signal to the high-voltage relay system; The high-voltage relay system executes an action of cutting off the high-voltage relay in response to the control instruction.

5. The power battery high-voltage monitoring and protection method according to claim 4, wherein when the operating condition information satisfies a preset condition, generating the control instruction set comprises: The control instruction set is generated when the output current is higher than the preset current threshold, the insulation resistance value is within the first preset range, the gas pressure is within the first preset pressure range, the module surface temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, the battery cell voltage is within the preset voltage range, the temperature inside the module is lower than the second preset temperature and the status signal is the normal signal.

6. The power battery high voltage monitoring and protection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When the output current is higher than the preset current threshold, the insulation resistance value is within the second preset range, the gas pressure is within the first preset pressure range, the module surface temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, the battery cell voltage is within the preset voltage range, the module internal temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, and the status signal is the normal signal, a first target instruction of the control instruction set is generated, and the first target instruction is used to control the monitoring and protection system to send a cut-off control signal to the high-voltage relay system; collecting a first voltage of the high-voltage relay system before the high-voltage relay is cut off and a second voltage of the high-voltage relay system after the high-voltage relay is cut off, and sending the first voltage and the second voltage to the battery management unit; determining whether relay sticking occurs in the high-voltage relay system according to the first voltage and the second voltage; When it is determined that the high-voltage relay system has relay sticking, a second target instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the second target instruction is used to control the monitoring and protection system to send a trigger signal to the trigger-type fuse system, and the trigger-type fuse system executes the execution of cutting off the high-voltage output of the battery pack.

7. The power battery high voltage monitoring and protection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When the output current is higher than the preset current threshold, the gas pressure is within the second preset pressure range, the module surface temperature is higher than the first preset temperature, the battery cell voltage is higher than the first preset voltage value or lower than the second preset voltage value, and the temperature inside the module is higher than the second preset temperature, a third target instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the third target instruction is used to control the monitoring and protection system to send a trigger signal and a spray signal, wherein the trigger signal is used to control the triggered fuse system to execute the action of cutting off the high-voltage output of the battery pack, and the spray signal is used to control the spray system to perform a spray cooling operation on the failed battery module.

8. The power battery high voltage monitoring and protection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the collision signal and the operating condition information meet preset conditions, a control instruction set is generated, including: When the status signal is the collision signal, the output current is higher than the preset current threshold, the module surface temperature is higher than the first preset temperature, the battery cell voltage is higher than the first preset voltage value or lower than the second preset voltage value, and the temperature inside the module is higher than the second preset temperature, a fourth target instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the fourth target instruction is used to control the monitoring and protection system to send a trigger signal and a spray signal, wherein the trigger signal is used to control the trigger-type fuse system to execute the action of cutting off the high-voltage output of the battery pack, and the spray signal is used to control the spray system to perform a spray cooling operation on the failed battery module.

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