A rapid pellet compressive strength testing machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of iron and steel metallurgy, and in particular to a rapid pellet compressive strength testing machine. A rapid pellet compressive strength testing machine comprises six major systems: transmission, ball pressing, ball feeding, slag removal, data acquisition and analysis, and frame lubrication. The system has only one power source, and the main components are a motor, a reducer, a coupling, a crankshaft, a connecting rod, and a pressure head. The crankshaft drives four connecting rods, which in turn drive four pressure heads to alternately press the balls. Each rotation of the main shaft allows the testing of four balls. The present invention has the beneficial effects of increasing the pellet compressive strength testing speed, reducing the failure rate, and lowering the equipment cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of iron and steel metallurgy, in particular to a rapid pellet compressive strength testing machine. Background Art

[0002] Iron ore pellets are a key raw material for blast furnace smelting, accounting for 20-30% of the total smelting output. Pellet quality significantly impacts blast furnace operation and overall economic efficiency. Pellet compressive strength is a key quality indicator, directly affecting blast furnace performance and reduction efficiency. Blast furnaces of varying capacities have varying requirements for pellet compressive strength, with larger capacities requiring higher requirements, though there is a reasonable range. Currently, there are two primary pellet compressive strength indicators: the average compressive strength and its fluctuation range, generally requiring 2500±300N / pellet; and the pass rate above a certain value, such as a pass rate exceeding 2000N / pellet exceeding 70%.

[0003] There are basically four processes for domestic pellet production, namely, the annular negative pressure vertical furnace method, the rectangular positive pressure vertical furnace method, the chain conveyor-rotary kiln-ring cooler method, and the belt roasting machine method. Among them, the vertical furnace method has been gradually eliminated due to its small production capacity and poor quality.

[0004] From production to delivery to the blast furnace, pellets undergo three quality inspections: during-production inspection, factory inspection, and before delivery to the blast furnace. These inspections cover chemical composition, strength, and particle size. Strength testing includes compressive strength and drum index. Compressive strength testing is a significant workload, and accurate and timely test data is crucial to pellet and blast furnace production. Pellet compressive strength testing machines are key testing equipment.

[0005] Current compression testing machines have problems: slow testing speed, single-head operation, long idle time, and requiring more than 30 minutes to press 60 balls. The system is complex, using a hydraulic system for pressing balls, electromagnetic vibration for feeding balls, and a hydraulic system for discharging. The machine is bulky and has a high failure rate. Repairs are difficult and typically require professional personnel from the manufacturer, making them difficult for users to handle. Furthermore, the cost is high.

[0006] The present invention develops a pellet compressive strength testing machine which can quickly test (test 60 balls within 10 minutes), has a simple system (adopts a purely mechanical structure), has a low failure rate, is easy to maintain, and has a low cost. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rapid pellet compressive strength testing machine in response to the above problems.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: a rapid pellet compressive strength testing machine, the testing machine includes six systems: transmission, ball pressing, ball feeding, slag removal, data acquisition and analysis, and frame lubrication. The system has only one power source, and the main parts are motor, reducer, coupling, crankshaft, connecting rod, and pressure head. The crankshaft drives 4 connecting rods, and the 4 connecting rods drive 4 pressure heads to press the balls alternately. The main shaft rotates one circle to realize the detection of 4 balls; the transmission system includes motor, high-speed coupling, worm gear reducer, low-speed coupling, The main shaft, eccentric slider, connecting rod, and motor are equipped with a frequency converter, which can adjust the pressure head ball pressing speed within 10-20mm / min. The four eccentric sliders are deflected 90 degrees on the main shaft and are evenly distributed around the circumference. The inner circle of the eccentric slider is fixed to the main shaft with a key. The outer circle of the eccentric slider and the lower sleeve of the connecting rod are slidably matched. The upper part of the connecting rod is connected to the upper square slider through a hinge. The square slider is connected to the upper fixed pressure head. Through the above structure, the circular motion of the main shaft is converted into the up and down reciprocating motion of the square slider and the pressure head.Through the conversion of motor power and speed, the pressure of the pressure head can reach up to 10000N; the ball pressing mechanism includes a pressure head and a pressure sensor. The pressure head has an upper and lower pressure head. The lower pressure head is fixed on the top of the square slider. It is square and divided into two parts, upper and lower. It is connected by a side hinge. The upper part can rotate around the hinge. When the pressure head goes down, it tilts and the top surface tilts to achieve slag discharge. When it goes up, it resets. The bottom surface and the top surface of the lower part of the pressure head fit tightly. The top surface is horizontal to achieve ball pressing. There is a ball pressing gap just above the lower pressure head, and the upper pressure head is above the gap. The gap is kept at 6-30mm to ensure ball feeding and crushing. The head can slide up and down, and a pressure sensor is fixed on the lower pressure head, and the pressure sensor is fixed on the frame; the ball feeding mechanism includes an inclined ball storage tube, a vertical ball feeding tube, a ball feeding piston, and a self-sliding tube. The ball slides into the vertical ball feeding tube by its own weight in the ball storage tube and contacts the ball feeding piston. The ball feeding piston is connected to the lower pressure head through a connecting plate and reciprocates up and down with the pressure head. One ball enters the vertical ball feeding tube for each reciprocating motion and is ejected from the top opening of the vertical ball feeding tube, and then slides to the ball pressing position at the top of the lower pressure head through the self-sliding tube. The top of the ball feeding piston adopts a special structure to ensure that one ball is ejected for each reciprocating motion; the slag discharge mechanism includes a lower pressure head The upper tiltable part and slag storage box rotate under the action of the slag discharge clamp when the lower pressure head goes down, and the top of the lower pressure head changes from horizontal to inclined at 45 degrees to realize slag discharge. When the lower pressure head goes up, the tiltable part is reset by itself, and the slag is discharged once a ball is pressed. The crushed ball slag is tilted by the upper pressure head and slides into the slag storage box and is poured out regularly. The head of the slag discharge clamp can rotate and is subjected to unidirectional force, which is only effective when the pressure head goes down. The data acquisition and analysis system includes pressure sensors, transmission lines, controllers, industrial computers, displays, and printers to realize the acquisition, transmission, conversion, and analysis of data pressure signals. Analysis summary, output display; the frame lubrication part is generally arranged on a flat steel base plate, on which the motor, reducer and ball pressing part are arranged respectively. The main force-bearing parts of the ball pressing part are the four door-type frames fixed on the base plate. The pressure sensor is fixed on the upper crossbeam of the door-type frame, and the square slider is arranged on the middle crossbeam. The slider can slide up and down in the middle crossbeam. The spindle box is arranged in the lower space of the door-type frame, and the spindle support seat, spindle, eccentric slider and connecting rod are arranged in the box. The top of the spindle box is open to ensure the up and down sliding of the square slider. The sides and bottom are all sealed. During operation, the force-bearing rotating parts are all immersed in lubricating oil.

[0009] There are four sets of ball pressing mechanisms.

[0010] The ball storage tube can hold 15 to 20 balls with a diameter of 10 to 16 mm. When the ball diameter changes from 10 to 16 mm, there will be no jamming and no double balls will be ejected. There are four sets of ball feeding mechanisms.

[0011] There are four sets of slag discharge mechanisms.

[0012] There are four sets of pressure sensors and transmission lines, and one set of controller, industrial computer, display and printer.

[0013] The reducer inlet and outlet couplings are equipped with protective covers.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: improving the pellet compression resistance detection speed, reducing the failure rate, and lowering the equipment cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the frame, rotation, and support.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the host cross section.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the ball pressing mechanism.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the ball feeding mechanism.

[0020] Figure 5 This is the main view of the slag discharge mechanism.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a side view of the slag discharge mechanism.

[0022] Figure 7 This is the main view of the slag discharge clamp.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a top view of the slag discharge clamp.

[0024] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of slag discharge.

[0025] 1. Square slider holder, 2. Door frame, 3. Spindle support seat, 4. Spindle, 5. Reducer, 6. Motor, 7. Pressure sensor, 8. Upper pressure head, 9. Ball pressure clearance, 10. Lower pressure head, 11. Square slider, 12. Connecting rod, 13. Eccentric bushing, 14. Bottom plate, 15. Ball storage tube, 16. Self-sliding pipe, 17. Connecting plate, 18. Vertical ball feeding tube, 19. Ball feeding piston, 20. Ball slag, 21. Tilting part of lower pressure head, 22. Tilting shaft, 23. Chuck, 24. Rotating part, 25. Fixed part, 26. Rotating shaft, 27. Tilting part, 28. Slag storage box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Aiming at the problems existing in the existing compression testing machine, optimization and improvement are carried out. The structure adopts a simple and reliable crank-connecting rod mechanism. There is no separate power source for ball feeding and slag discharge, and they move with the main shaft.

[0027] 1. The technical solution is as follows:

[0028] (1) This testing machine includes six major systems: transmission, ball pressing, ball feeding, slag removal, data acquisition and analysis, and frame lubrication. The system has only one power source. The main parts are the motor, reducer, coupling, crankshaft (spindle plus eccentric slider), connecting rod, and pressure head. The crankshaft drives 4 connecting rods, and the 4 connecting rods drive 4 pressure heads to press the balls alternately. The main shaft rotates one circle to detect 4 balls.

[0029] (2) The transmission system includes a motor, a high-speed coupling, a worm gear reducer, a low-speed coupling, a main shaft, an eccentric slider, and a connecting rod. The motor is equipped with a variable frequency speed regulator, which can adjust the pressure head's ball pressing speed within 10-20 mm / min. The four eccentric sliders are deflected 90 degrees on the main shaft and are evenly distributed around the circumference. The inner circular holes of the eccentric sliders are fixed to the main shaft with keys. The outer circle of the eccentric slider and the lower sleeve of the connecting rod are slidably matched. The upper part of the connecting rod is connected to the upper square slider through a hinge, and the square slider is connected to the upper fixed pressure head. Through the above structure, the circular motion of the main shaft is converted into the up and down reciprocating motion of the square slider and the pressure head. By converting the motor power and speed, the pressure head pressure can reach up to 10,000N.

[0030] (3) The ball pressing mechanism includes a pressure head and a pressure sensor. The pressure head has an upper and lower pressure head. The lower pressure head is fixed on the top of the square slider. It is square and divided into two parts, upper and lower, connected by a side hinge. The upper part can rotate around the hinge. When the pressure head moves downward, it tilts and the top surface tilts to achieve slag discharge. When it moves upward, it resets. The bottom surface and the top surface of the lower part of the pressure head fit tightly together, and the top surface is horizontal to achieve ball pressing. Directly above the lower pressure head is the ball pressing gap, and above the gap is the upper pressure head. The gap is maintained at a gap of 6-30mm to ensure ball feeding and crushing. The upper pressure head can slide up and down. The pressure sensor is fixed on the lower pressure head, and the pressure sensor is fixed on the frame. There are four sets of ball pressing mechanisms in total.

[0031] (4) The ball feeding mechanism includes an inclined ball storage tube, a vertical ball feeding tube, a ball feeding piston, and a self-sliding tube. The ball storage tube holds 15-20 balls, with diameters ranging from 10-16 mm. The balls slide under their own weight into the vertical ball feeding tube and come into contact with the ball feeding piston. The ball feeding piston is connected to the pressure head through a connecting plate and moves up and down with the pressure head. Each reciprocating motion causes one ball to enter the vertical ball feeding tube and be ejected from the top opening of the vertical ball feeding tube. The ball then slides through the self-sliding tube to the ball pressing area at the top of the pressure head. The top of the ball feeding piston adopts a special structure to ensure that one ball is ejected each time it reciprocates. When the ball diameter changes from 10-16 mm, there will be no jamming or double balls being ejected. There are four sets of ball feeding mechanisms in total.

[0032] (5) The slag discharge mechanism includes a tiltable part on the upper part of the lower pressure head and a slag storage box. When the lower pressure head descends, the tiltable part rotates under the action of the slag discharge clamp, and the upper part of the lower pressure head changes from horizontal to 45°, realizing slag discharge. When the lower pressure head ascends, the tiltable part is self-resetting, and the slag is discharged once a ball is pressed. The crushed ball slag is tilted by the upper pressure head and slides into the slag storage box and is regularly dumped out. The head of the slag discharge clamp can rotate and is subjected to unidirectional force, and is only effective when the pressure head descends. There are four sets of slag discharge mechanisms.

[0033] (6) The data acquisition and analysis system includes a pressure sensor, transmission line, controller, industrial computer, display, and printer, which realizes the acquisition, transmission, conversion, analysis, summary, and output display of data pressure signals. There are four sets of pressure sensors and transmission lines in total, and the others share one set. The transmission line, controller, industrial computer, display, and printer are all used in conjunction with the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the signal converter, industrial computer, display, and printer through the transmission line. The pressure sensor model is CFBLS-Ⅰ, the controller model is SR40, the industrial computer model is IPC-610, the display model is Samsung S22A310NHC, and the printer model is HP P1106.

[0034] (7) The overall layout of the frame lubrication part is on a flat steel base plate, where the motor, reducer and ball pressing part are arranged separately. The main force-bearing part of the ball pressing part is the four door-shaped frames fixed on the base plate. The upper crossbeam of the door-shaped frame fixes the pressure sensor, and the middle crossbeam arranges the square slider, which can slide up and down in the middle crossbeam. The main spindle box is arranged in the lower space of the door-shaped frame, and the main spindle support seat, main spindle, eccentric slider and connecting rod are arranged in the box. The top of the main spindle box is open to ensure the up and down sliding of the square slider. The sides and bottom are all sealed (dynamic seal at the transmission shaft). When working, the force-bearing rotating parts are all immersed in lubricating oil. The reducer inlet and outlet couplings are equipped with protective covers. The frame, rotation, support, motor and reducer are set on the steel floor. The motor is connected to the reducer through a coupling, and the reducer is connected to the main shaft through a coupling. The reducer is a double-stage worm gear reducer, BKDW100-155-1 / 1500, motor 1.5kw, 4-stage

[0035] 2. Test process

[0036] (1) Take pellet samples as required to ensure sufficient sample volume;

[0037] (2) The retrieved pellet samples were sieved with 10 mm and 16 mm square hole sieves, and the 10-16 mm portion was taken for pressure testing;

[0038] (3) Randomly select 60 balls of 10-16 mm and put 15 balls into each ball feeding tilt tube;

[0039] (4) Start the data acquisition system;

[0040] (5) Start the compression testing machine and conduct pressure testing;

[0041] (6) Analyze and summarize the data during pressure testing and save the test data in the computer.

[0042] (7) After the test is completed, the host computer can be stopped, but the data system does not need to be stopped;

[0043] (8) Pour out the ball slag in the slag box and clean it up.

[0044] The present invention solves the problems of slow speed, high failure rate, high equipment cost and difficult maintenance in pellet compression testing. The methods are as follows: (1) designing a crank-connecting rod ball pressing mechanism, in which a main shaft drives four pressing heads to press balls in turn, with a short idle stroke and high speed; (2) designing a ball feeding mechanism, in which the ball feeding works with the main shaft movement, without a separate power source. The special structure ensures that only one ball is fed at a time and there is no jamming; (3) designing a tilting slag discharge mechanism, which does not have a separate power source and works with the main shaft movement; and (4) providing a supporting data acquisition and analysis system.

[0045] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the structural features protected by the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes or modifications made by any technician in this field within the scope of the present invention are included in the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid pellet compressive strength testing machine, characterized by: This testing machine includes six systems: transmission, ball pressing, ball feeding, slag removal, data collection and analysis, and frame lubrication. The system has only one power source. The main parts are motor, reducer, coupling, crankshaft, connecting rod, and pressure head. The crankshaft drives 4 connecting rods, and the 4 connecting rods drive 4 pressure heads to press the balls alternately. The main shaft rotates one circle to detect 4 balls. The transmission system includes motor, high-speed coupling, worm gear reducer, low-speed coupling, main shaft, eccentric slider, and connecting rod. The motor is equipped with a frequency converter, which can adjust the pressure head ball pressing speed within 10-20mm / min. The 4 eccentric sliders are deflected 90° on the main shaft, evenly distributed around the circumference, and eccentric The inner circle of the slider is fixed to the main shaft with a key, the outer circle of the eccentric slider and the lower sleeve of the connecting rod are slidably matched, the upper part of the connecting rod is connected to the upper square slider through a hinge, and the square slider is connected to the upper fixed pressure head. Through the above structure, the circular motion of the main shaft is converted into the up and down reciprocating motion of the square slider and the pressure head. Through the conversion of motor power and speed, the pressure of the pressure head can reach up to 10000N; the ball pressing mechanism includes a pressure head and a pressure sensor. The pressure head has an upper and lower pressure head. The lower pressure head is fixed on the top of the square slider, square, and divided into upper and lower parts, connected by a side hinge. The upper part can rotate around the hinge and tilt when the pressure head goes down, and the top surface is tilted. To achieve slag discharge, it resets when going up, and the bottom surface and the top surface of the lower part of the pressure head fit tightly, and the top surface is horizontal to achieve ball pressing. There is a ball pressing gap just above the lower pressure head, and above the gap is the upper pressure head. The gap is maintained at 6-30mm to ensure ball feeding and crushing. The upper pressure head can slide up and down, and a pressure sensor is fixed on the lower pressure head, and the pressure sensor is fixed on the frame; the ball feeding mechanism includes an inclined ball storage tube, a vertical ball feeding tube, a ball feeding piston, and a self-sliding tube. The ball slides into the vertical ball feeding tube by its own weight in the ball storage tube and contacts the ball feeding piston. The ball feeding piston is connected to the lower pressure head through a connecting plate, and reciprocates up and down with the pressure head. One ball enters the vertical ball feeding tube for each reciprocating motion. The ball is pushed out from the top opening of the vertical ball feeding pipe, and then slides to the ball pressing position on the top of the lower pressure head through the self-sliding pipe. The top of the ball feeding piston adopts a special structure to ensure that one ball is pushed out in one reciprocating movement. The slag discharge mechanism includes a tiltable part on the upper part of the lower pressure head and a slag storage box. When the lower pressure head descends, the tiltable part rotates under the action of the slag discharge clamp, and the top of the lower pressure head changes from horizontal to inclined at 45° to achieve slag discharge. When the lower pressure head ascends, the tilting part is self-repositioned, pressing one ball to discharge the slag once. The crushed ball slag is tilted by the upper pressure head and slides to the slag storage box and is regularly dumped out. The head of the slag discharge clamp can rotate and is subjected to one-way force, which only works when the pressure head descends. The data acquisition and analysis system includes pressure sensors, transmission lines, controllers, industrial computers, displays, and printers to realize the collection, transmission, conversion, analysis, summary, and output display of data pressure signals; the frame lubrication part is generally arranged on a flat steel base plate, and the motor, reducer, and ball pressing part are arranged separately. The main force-bearing parts of the ball pressing part are four door-type frames fixed on the base plate. The pressure sensor is fixed on the upper crossbeam of the door-type frame, and a square slider is arranged on the middle crossbeam. The slider can slide up and down in the middle crossbeam. The spindle box is arranged in the lower space of the door-type frame, and the spindle support seat, spindle, eccentric slider, and connecting rod are arranged in the box. The top of the spindle box is open to ensure the up and down sliding of the square slider. The sides and bottom are all sealed. During operation, the force-bearing rotating parts are all immersed in lubricating oil.

2. A rapid pellet compressive strength testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four sets of ball pressing mechanisms.

3. A rapid pellet compressive strength testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball storage tube can hold 15 to 20 balls with a diameter of 10 to 16 mm. When the ball diameter changes from 10 to 16 mm, there will be no jamming and no double balls will be ejected. There are four sets of ball feeding mechanisms.

4. A rapid pellet compressive strength testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four sets of slag discharge mechanisms.

5. The rapid pellet compressive strength testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two pressure sensors and transmission lines are used together, there are four sets of pressure sensors and transmission lines in total, and the controller, industrial computer, display and printer share one set.

6. A rapid pellet compressive strength testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducer inlet and outlet couplings are equipped with protective covers.

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