Colpotomy cup assembly

Abstract

A medical device for performing a hysterectomy is provided. The medical device has a tissue incision assembly including a first cup nested within a second cup. The tissue incision assembly also includes a spacer assembly between the first cup and the second cup to maintain a spacing between the first cup and the second cup. The tissue incision assembly also has a cutting implement having a portion that extends between and is movable relative to the first cup and the second cup. The cutting implement can provide a circular cut guided via the spacing between the first cup and the second cup.

Description

[0001] CLAIM OF PRIORITY

[0002] This application claims priority to Application No. 62 / 933,572 filed November 11, 2019, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present document relates generally, but not by way of limitation, to surgical devices that can be used for various surgical procedures. More particularly, but not by way of limitation, the present application relates to surgical devices that can be used to treat the reproductive system of a female patient. BACKGROUND

[0004] Hysterectomy is a surgical procedure used to remove the uterus of a female. There are many conditions that can require a hysterectomy, such as uterine fibroids, uterine prolapse, uterine cancer, endometriosis, chronic pelvic pain, and adenomyosis. Depending on the condition, the entire uterus can be removed or only a portion of the uterus can be removed.

[0005] In some cases, the surgeon removes only the upper portion of the uterus in a subtotal hysterectomy. In cases where the entire uterus and cervix need to be removed, the surgeon can perform a total hysterectomy. Further, in a radical hysterectomy, the surgeon removes the entire uterus as well as tissue to the sides of the uterus, the cervix, and the top portion of the vagina.

[0006] Generally, a hysterectomy can be performed using two different approaches, open surgery and minimally invasive surgery. During open surgery, the patient’s abdomen is cut open with a 5- to 7-inch incision and the uterus is removed through the incision. For minimally invasive surgery, a laparoscopic total hysterectomy and a laparoscopic subtotal hysterectomy can be performed, among others. Both of these procedures are minimally invasive compared to open surgery, with shorter recovery times. During a laparoscopic subtotal hysterectomy, a technique involving several small abdominal incisions is used to remove the uterus, but not the cervix. During a laparoscopic total hysterectomy, a small keyhole incision is made at the belly button or abdomen, and the uterus is removed in small pieces through the incision or the vagina. Recovery times for the above procedures can range from four to six weeks. Further, complications can arise, such as a vaginal cuff dehiscence, which can occur when a cutting instrument used to separate the uterus wanders during the procedure.

[0007] Accordingly, there is a need for a procedure and device that facilitates the process of a hysterectomy while minimizing the number of incisions required during the procedure, which allows for better control of the cutting instrument and allows for uniform resection during a hysterectomy. SUMMARY

[0008] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a medical device for performing a hysterectomy. In embodiments, the medical device can include a tissue incision assembly having a first cup and a second cup, where the first cup is nested within the second cup. In embodiments, a spacer assembly maintains a spacing between the first cup and the second cup. The tissue incision assembly can also include a cutting implement that is extendable and retractable between the first cup and the second cup, where the cutting implement can provide a circular cut that can be guided by the first cup and the second cup. In embodiments, the spacer assembly can align the first cup with the second cup such that a scope aperture of the first cup is aligned with the second cup. In another embodiment, the spacer can include a bushing that can allow the cutting implement to rotate while the first cup and the second cup remain fixed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0009] FIG. 1A AND FIG. 1B FIG. 1 illustrates a colpotomy device having a knob lock assembly at a first end and an end effector assembly at a second end opposite the knob lock assembly, where a flexible drive tube is disposed between the knob lock assembly and the end effector assembly, according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 2A AND FIG. 2B FIG. 2 illustrates a colpotomy device having a knob lock assembly at a first end and an end effector assembly at a second end opposite the knob lock assembly, according to at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 1A AND FIG. 1B FIG. 3 illustrates use of the colpotomy device of FIGS. 1-2 within a patient, according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 FIG. 4 illustrates a coupling of the colpotomy device of FIGS. 1-2, according to at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 1A AND FIG. 1B FIG. 5 illustrates a coupling of the colpotomy device of FIGS. 1-2, according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 6 FIG. 6 illustrates a coupling of the coupling of FIGS. 4-5 with the knob lock assembly of FIGS. 1-2, according to at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 FIG. 1A FIG. 1B FIG. 7 illustrates a coupling of the coupling of FIGS. 4-5 with the knob lock assembly of FIGS. 1-2, according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 7A AND FIG. 7B FIG. 8 illustrates a coupling of the coupling of FIGS. 4-5 with the end effector assembly of FIGS. 1-2, according to at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 FIG. 1A FIG. 1B FIG. 9 illustrates a coupling of the coupling of FIGS. 4-5 with the end effector assembly of FIGS. 1-2, according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 8 FIG. 10 illustrates a method for coupling the coupling of FIGS. 4-5 with the end effector assembly of FIGS. 1-2, according to at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 7A FIG. 7B ​​​​​end effector assembly of FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B end effector link coupled to the link of

[0015] FIG. 9 a knob lock assembly is illustrated in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 10 a knob lock assembly is shown in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 9 a knob lock assembly of

[0017] FIG. 11 a knob lock assembly is shown in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 9 a knob lock assembly of

[0018] FIG. 12 a knob lock assembly is illustrated in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B end of the flexible drive tube of

[0019] FIG. 13 a knob lock assembly is illustrated in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 9 movement of the knob lock assembly of

[0020] FIG. 14 a knob lock assembly is illustrated in accordance with another example of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 15 a knob lock assembly is shown in accordance with another example of the present disclosure. FIG. 14 a knob lock assembly of

[0022] FIG. 16 a knob lock assembly is shown in accordance with another example of the present disclosure. FIG. 14 a knob lock assembly of

[0023] FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 a knob lock assembly is illustrated in accordance with another example of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 19 a knob lock assembly is shown in accordance with another example of the present disclosure. FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 a knob lock assembly of

[0025] FIG. 20 a knob lock assembly is illustrated in accordance with another example of the present disclosure. FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 movement of the knob lock assembly of

[0026] FIG. 21A rotary knob lock assembly locked in an extended position is shown in accordance with another example of the present disclosure. FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 A rotary knob lock assembly locked in an extended position is shown in accordance with another example of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 22 A rotary knob lock assembly is illustrated in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 23 A rotary knob lock assembly locked in a retracted position is shown in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 22

[0029] FIG. 24 Motion of a rotary knob lock assembly between a retracted position and an extended position is illustrated in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 22

[0030] FIG. 25 A rotary knob lock assembly locked in an extended position is shown in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 22

[0031] FIG. 26A to FIG. 26C A cutting device is illustrated in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 27 An end effector assembly is shown in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B An end effector assembly is shown in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG. 28 A blade cover is illustrated in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0034] FIG. 29 An end effector assembly coupling is illustrated in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIG. 30 A cutting device is shown in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 26A to FIG. 26C FIG. 28 FIG. 29 A cutting device is shown in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0036] FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 A cutting device is illustrated in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 30

[0037] FIG. 33 Perspective views of axial electrical contacts and circumferential electrical contacts are shown in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 Perspective views of axial electrical contacts and circumferential electrical contacts are shown in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. ​​​​​​

[0038] FIG. 34A to FIG. 34C A cutting device according to alternative embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0039] FIG. 35 and FIG. 36 An axial contact of a cutting device according to at least one example of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0040] FIG. 37 to FIG. 39 An end effector assembly according to at least one example of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0041] FIG. 40 A second cup of an end effector assembly according to at least one example of the present disclosure is illustrated. FIG. 37 to FIG. 39 An end effector assembly housed by a first cup, wherein the first cup houses an end effector assembly coupling, a cutting device, a blade cover, an axial contact, and a circumferential contact, according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0042] FIG. 41 A second cup of an end effector assembly according to at least one example of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0043] FIG. 42 An end effector assembly according to at least one example of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0044] FIG. 43 A bushing of an end effector assembly according to at least one example of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0045] FIG. 44 A top view of an end effector assembly according to at least one example of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0046] FIG. 45A and FIG. 45B A clutch assembly according to at least one example of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0047] FIG. 46 Clutch plate teeth engaging with clutch housing teeth according to at least one example of the present disclosure is shown.

[0048] FIG. 47 A clutch assembly according to at least one example of the present disclosure is illustrated. FIG. 45A and FIG. 45B An assembly view of a clutch assembly according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0049] FIG. 48 and FIG. 49 A clutch assembly according to at least one example of the present disclosure is illustrated. FIG. 45A and FIG. 45B A recess of a clutch assembly configured to receive a coupling protrusion according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0050] FIG. 50 and FIG. 51FIG. 1 illustrates a clutch housing tooth disengaged from a clutch plate tooth, according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0051] FIG. 52A , FIG. 52B and FIG. 53 FIG. 1 illustrates a clutch assembly, according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0052] FIG. 54 FIG. 1 illustrates a clutch assembly, according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0053] FIG. 55 and FIG. 56 FIG. 1 illustrates a biasing member of the clutch assembly of FIG. 54 , according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0054] FIG. 57 FIG. 1 illustrates a housing portion having a recess configured to receive a biasing member of FIG. 55 and FIG. 56 , according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0055] FIG. 58 FIG. 1 illustrates a clutch assembly of FIG. 54 coupled with a knob lock assembly of FIG. 9 , according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0056] FIG. 59 FIG. 1 illustrates a stop of the clutch assembly of FIG. 54 , according to at least one example of the present disclosure.

[0057] FIG. 60 to FIG. 62 FIG. 1 illustrates an interaction between a biasing member of FIG. 55 and FIG. 56 and a stop of the clutch of FIG. 59 , according to at least one example of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a medical device for performing a hysterectomy. In embodiments, the medical device can include a tissue incision assembly having a first cup and a second cup, where the first cup is nested within the second cup. In embodiments, a spacer assembly maintains a spacing between the first cup and the second cup. The tissue incision assembly can also include a cutting instrument that is extendable and retractable between the first cup and the second cup, where the cutting instrument can provide a circular cut that can be guided by the first cup and the second cup. In embodiments, the spacer assembly can align the first cup and the second cup such that a scope aperture of the first cup is aligned with the second cup. In another embodiment, the spacer can include a bushing that can allow the cutting instrument to rotate while the first cup and the second cup remain fixed.

[0059] Reference will now be made to the drawings, and more specifically to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B , a vaginal incision device 100 that can be used for laparoscopic surgery such as a hysterectomy is shown in accordance with at least one example of the present disclosure. The vaginal incision device 100 can include a handle 102 at a proximal end of the vaginal incision device 100 and an end effector assembly 104 at a distal end of the vaginal incision device 100 opposite the proximal end. In embodiments, the handle 102 can be used by a surgeon to hold the vaginal incision device 100 during a procedure such as a hysterectomy. The end effector assembly 104 can include an end effector 106 that can be used to perform a resection during a hysterectomy as will be discussed further below. In some embodiments, the end effector assembly 104 can be referred to as a tissue handling assembly. Further, the vaginal incision device 100 can include a knob lock assembly 108 at the distal end that can be used to manipulate the vaginal incision device 100 during a hysterectomy. In particular, the knob lock assembly 108 can be used to manipulate the end effector assembly 104, such as rotating the end effector assembly 104 along with the end effector 106 in a clockwise direction and a counterclockwise direction during use of the vaginal incision device 100. Further, the knob lock assembly 108 can be used to extend the end effector 106 in a longitudinal direction to a position shown with respect to FIG. 1B and retract the end effector in the longitudinal direction to a position shown with respect to FIG. 1A . As will be discussed with respect to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1BAs shown, the knob lock assembly 108 can be separated from the end effector assembly 104 via a drive tube housing 110. In embodiments, the drive tube housing 110 can be formed from any type of rigid material, such as a rigid plastic, a polymer, or the like. In addition, low-friction polymers such as acetal resin, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or the like can be used depending on the type of sterilization used during surgery. In addition, in embodiments, the drive tube housing 110 can have a length of preferably about 4 inches to 10 inches, and more preferably about 5 inches to about 7 inches. In embodiments, the drive tube housing 110 can have a diameter of preferably about 0.5 inches to about 1.5 inches, and more preferably about 0.75 inches to about 1.0 inches.

[0060] The colpotomy device 100 includes a probe 112 disposed within a locking tube 114. The locking tube 114 can be formed from a flexible material, such as a flexible polymer including polyethylene. The locking tube 114 protects the probe 112 within the colpotomy device 100 and allows the colpotomy device 100 to be moved along the probe 112 during use of the colpotomy device 100. During use of the colpotomy device 100, the probe 112 can be used to position the colpotomy device 100 within the patient's vaginal cavity adjacent to the cervix to allow manipulation of the end effector assembly 104 so that the end effector assembly 104 can be proximate to the patient's cervix. When the end effector assembly 104 is adjacent to the patient's cervix, the end effector 106 can be used to perform a hysterectomy. In embodiments, the flexible sheath 114 encases the probe 112 so that the colpotomy device 100 can be moved along the probe 112.

[0061] As described above, the colpotomy device 100 can be used to perform a medical procedure such as a hysterectomy. FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B An example of a colpotomy device 100 for use during a medical procedure is shown. FIG. 2A Illustrated is a schematic diagram of a patient's abdominal cavity 200 with the colpotomy device 100 engaged with the patient's vaginal vault 202. FIG. 2B is a method in which the colpotomy device 100 engages the patient's vaginal vault 202 FIG. 2A 20. The present invention provides a cross-sectional view of the abdominal cavity of the patient. During a medical procedure, such as a hysterectomy, the surgeon inserts the colpotomy device 100 into the patient's vaginal cavity 204 such that the end effector assembly 104 engages the vaginal vault 202. More specifically, the surgeon uses the probe 112 to guide the end effector assembly 104 through the vaginal cavity 204 and seats the end effector assembly 104 near the cervical end 206 of the patient's vagina. After positioning the end effector assembly 104, the surgeon can begin removing the patient's uterus 208 using the end effector 106 (not shown).

[0062] Returning attention to the colpotomy device 100, the knob lock assembly 108 can be used to rotate the end effector assembly 104 and to extend and retract the end effector 106. In particular, during a resection procedure such as a hysterectomy 208, the end effector assembly 104 and the end effector 106 can be rotated via the knob lock assembly 108 to effectuate the resection. In embodiments, the colpotomy device 100 can include a plurality of links 300 disposed within the drive tube housing 110 and extending between the end effector assembly 104 and the knob lock assembly 108, as shown with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 Although FIG. 3 The colpotomy device 100 is illustrated as including four links 300, it should be noted that the colpotomy device 100 can include any number of links 300. For example, the colpotomy device can include a number of links between about four links and about twelve links. Further, each of the links 300 can have a diameter of preferably between about 0.5 inches and about 1.25 inches. Further, each of the links 300 can have a length of between about 0.5 inches and about 1.25 inches. In embodiments, the links 300 can be formed of any rigid or semi-rigid material. Examples can include stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, thermoplastic, or any other type of metal alloy.

[0063] With reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 Each of the links 300 can be coupled to one another via a link ring 400, which includes link pins 500 and 502. In embodiments, the links 300 can include link holes 504 and 506, which can be configured to receive the link pins 500 of the link ring 400. For example, the link hole 504 can be configured to receive the link pin 500 such that the link pin 500 extends through the link hole 504 and is rotatable relative to the link hole 504. Further, the link hole 506 can be configured to receive the link pin 502 such that the link pin 502 extends through the link hole 506 and is rotatable relative to the link hole 506. Further, each of the links 300 includes a U-shaped portion 508 extending therefrom, as shown with reference to FIG. 5 In embodiments, the U-shaped portion 508, in conjunction with the link pins 500 and 502 and the link holes 504 and 506, forms an internal link joint. In embodiments, the link pins 500 and 502 are rotatable relative to the link holes 504 and 506, and in combination with the link holes 504 and 506, transmit rotational forces through variable angles between each of the links 300.

[0064] When the coupling pin 500 is disposed within the coupling hole 504 and the coupling pin 502 is disposed within the coupling hole 506, the couplings 300 can have the configuration shown with reference to FIG. 3 In addition, as can be seen with reference to FIG. 3 , the couplings 300 can be coupled to one another in series. In embodiments, the coupling ring 400, as well as the coupling pins 500 and 502, can be formed of any rigid or semi-rigid material. Examples can include stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, thermoplastic, or any other type of metal alloy. In addition, in embodiments, the coupling ring 400 can have a diameter in a range of about 0.25 inches to about 1.0 inches. In addition, the coupling pins 500 and 502 can have a diameter in a range of about 0.05 inches to about 0.10 inches. In addition, the coupling holes 504 and 506 can have a diameter in a range of about 0.055 inches to about 0.105 inches.

[0065] As previously mentioned, the drive tube housing 110 extends between the knob lock assembly 108 and the end effector assembly 104, along with the couplings 300. In embodiments, the couplings 300 can be coupled to the knob lock assembly 108 at a proximal end of the colpotomy device 100. In addition, the couplings 300 can be coupled to the end effector assembly 104 at a distal end of the colpotomy device 100. For example, with reference to FIG. 6 , the knob lock assembly 108 can include a coupling 600 having a coupling hole 602. In this embodiment, the knob coupling 600 can be coupled to the couplings 300 via the coupling ring 400. More specifically, one of the coupling pins 500 and 502 can be disposed within the knob coupling hole 602, while the other of the coupling pins 500 and 502 can be disposed within the coupling hole 506 of the couplings 300. In embodiments, the knob coupling 600 can have a diameter of preferably about 0.5 inches to about 1.25 inches in diameter. In addition, the knob coupling hole 602 can have a diameter in a range of about 0.055 inches to about 0.105 inches.

[0066] As shown with reference to FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B , in addition to being coupled to the knob lock assembly 108 at a proximal end of the colpotomy device 100, the couplings 300 can also be coupled to the end effector assembly 104 at a distal end of the colpotomy device 100. In embodiments, the end effector assembly 104 can include an end effector assembly coupling 700 having an end effector assembly coupling hole 702 FIG. 7B . In embodiments, the couplings 300 can be coupled to the end effector assembly coupling 700 via a coupling ring 704. Specifically, as shown with reference to FIG. 8As shown, the coupling ring 704 can include a pin 800, where the coupling aperture 506 and the end effector assembly coupling aperture 702 can be configured to receive the pin 800 of the coupling ring 704 such that the coupling 300 is coupled with the end effector assembly coupling 700, as described with respect to FIG. 7A As shown. In embodiments, the end effector assembly coupling 700 can be formed of any rigid or semi-rigid material. Examples can include stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, thermoplastic, or any other type of metal alloy. Further, in embodiments, the end effector assembly coupling 700 can have a diameter of preferably about 0.5 inches to about 1.25 inches in diameter.

[0067] In embodiments, the coupling 300 can allow the knob lock assembly 108 to rotate when the knob lock assembly 108 is in the retracted position, as described with respect to FIG. 1A As shown. Similarly, the coupling 300 can allow the knob lock assembly 108 to rotate when the knob lock assembly 108 is in the extended position, as described with respect to FIG. 1B As shown. Further, as the user rotates the knob assembly 108, the coupling 300 can impart a rotational force applied at the knob lock assembly 108 by a variable angle in the first direction or the second direction, such as a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction, with respect to each other. In embodiments, the coupling 300 can be a constant velocity joint or a gimbal such that when the knob lock assembly 108 is rotated in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction, the end effector 106 can also rotate in the same direction as the knob lock assembly 108.

[0068] During use of the colpotomy device 100, as described above, the surgeon can manipulate the colpotomy device 100 and, in particular, can manipulate the end effector assembly 106 through the vaginal canal 204 of the patient. In embodiments, as the surgeon moves the end effector assembly 104 through the vaginal canal 204, the end effector 106 can be in the retracted position, as described with respect to FIG. 1A As shown. As described with respect to FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B After the surgeon has appropriately oriented the end effector assembly within the abdominal cavity 200 of the patient, the surgeon can use the knob lock assembly 108 to extend the end effector 106 to begin the dissection, as described with respect to

[0069] In embodiments, during manipulation of the colpotomy device 100 within the vaginal canal 204 and seating of the end effector assembly 104 proximate the cervico-uterine junction 206, the knob lock assembly 108 can be used to maintain the end effector 106 in the retracted position. The term knob lock assembly can be used interchangeably with the term knob. With respect to FIG. 9FIG. 9, shows an exploded view of the knob lock assembly 108, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. In embodiments, the knob lock assembly 108 can include housing portions 900 that together form a housing for the knob lock assembly 108. Further, the knob lock assembly 108 can include an actuator 902 and a biasing member 904. It should be noted that throughout this specification reference will be made to one actuator 902 and to a plurality of actuators 902. These terms are interchangeable. Thus, disclosure with respect to one actuator 902 applies to a plurality of actuators 902 and disclosure with respect to a plurality of actuators 902 applies to one actuator 902. In embodiments, the actuator 902 includes an actuator hole 906 that is configured to receive a housing pin 908 of the housing portions 900. In embodiments, the actuator 902 can be formed of any pliable, semi-rigid material. Examples can include any type of polymer, polycarbonate, etc. Further, in embodiments, the housing portions 900 can include a directional arrow 912 that can provide an indication to a user as to which direction the knob lock assembly 108 should be moved in order to seat the knob lock assembly 108 in an extended position.

[0070] As shown with reference to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , the actuator 902 can be used to lock the knob lock assembly 108 in either an extended position or a retracted position. As used herein, the retracted position of the knob lock assembly 108 refers to the position of the knob lock assembly 108 when the end effector 106 can be in the retracted position shown above with reference to FIG. 1A . Further, as used herein, the extended position of the knob lock assembly 108 refers to the position of the knob lock assembly 108 when the end effector 106 can be in the extended position shown above with reference to FIG. 1B . In embodiments, the actuator 902 can include a tab 1000 having a first tab surface 1002 and a second tab surface 1004 opposite the first surface 1002. In the retracted position, the first tab surface 1002 can abut a flexible drive tube surface 1006 of the drive tube housing 110 such that the flexible drive tube surface 1006 can prevent the knob lock assembly 108 from moving in direction A. Thus, the flexible drive tube surface 1006 acts as a stop for the first tab surface 1002. More particularly, in embodiments, because the first tab surface 1002 abuts the flexible drive tube surface 1006, the first tab surface 1002 in combination with the flexible drive tube surface 1006 can prevent the knob lock assembly 108 from moving in direction A and, in turn, prevent the end effector 106 from extending from the end effector assembly 104, thereby maintaining the knob lock assembly 108 and the end effector 106 in the retracted position.

[0071] With regard to the flexible drive tube surface 1006, reference is now made to FIG. 12 , which shows a view of a distal end of the drive tube housing 110, according to an embodiment. Here, the drive tube housing 110 can include a flexible tube end 1200 having a diameter dl. In embodiments, the flexible tube end 1200 can have a diameter dl that is preferably about 0.5 inches to about 1.5 inches, and more preferably about 0.75 inches to about 1.0 inches. According to embodiments, as described above, the diameter dl can be larger than the diameter of the drive tube housing 110. Due to the change in diameter between the flexible tube end 1200 and the drive tube housing 110, a flexible drive tube surface 1202 is formed on the flexible tube end 1100, as shown with reference to FIG. 12 . In embodiments, the flexible drive tube surface 1202 can be used to seat the knob lock assembly 108 in an extended position, as will be discussed further later.

[0072] Returning attention to FIG. 9 , in embodiments, the biasing device 904 can bias the tab 1000 along the direction X FIG. 10 such that the actuator 902 can be held in a position as shown with reference to FIG. 10 , where the first tab surface 1002 abuts the flexible drive tube surface 1006. The biasing device 904 can be coupled with the housing portion 900 via the housing pin 910. In embodiments, the biasing device 904 can be a torsion spring. In embodiments, the biasing device 904 can bias the actuator 902 to a position as shown with reference to FIG. 10 . Further, the biasing device 904 can bias the actuator 902 to a position as shown with reference to FIG. 11 .

[0073] As shown with reference to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , the actuator 902 can be rotated about the housing pin 908 along the X direction or the Y direction. In embodiments, the knob lock assembly 108 can include an engagement surface 1008 having a ridge 1010. In embodiments, the ridge 1010 can provide a tactile surface such that a user of the colpotomy device 100, such as a surgeon, can move the knob lock assembly 108 from a retracted position as shown with reference to FIG. 10 to an extended position as shown with reference to FIG. 13Specifically, the user can push the actuator 902 in direction B at the engagement surface 1008, thereby causing the actuator to pivot about the housing pin 908 in direction Y. When the user pushes the actuator 902 in direction B and the actuator 902 rotates about the housing pin 908 in direction Y, the protrusion 1000 can move in direction C such that the first protrusion surface 1002 no longer abuts the flexible drive tube surface 1006. When the user moves the actuator 902 in direction B at the engagement surface 1008 and the actuator 902 rotates about the housing pin 908, the actuator 902 can have a reference FIG. 13 The configuration shown, wherein the first protrusion surface 1002 is located above the flexible drive tube surface 1006. Here, the protrusion 1000 can pass over the flexible drive tube surface 1006 and can move on the flexible tube end 1200. Once the first protrusion surface 1002 passes over the flexible drive tube surface 1106, as described with respect to FIG. FIG. 13 As shown, the user can move the knob locking assembly 108 along direction A and move the knob locking assembly 108 to about FIG. 11 Position shown.

[0074] When the knob locking assembly 108 is moved to the reference FIG. 11 After the user has moved to the position shown, the user can remove the force from the engagement surface 108, i.e., stop applying force in direction B. When the user no longer applies force in direction B at the engagement surface 1008, the biasing device 904 can rotate the actuator about the housing pin 908 in direction X, so that the protrusion 1000 can move in direction B. The protrusion 1000 can continue to move in direction B until the protrusion 1000 contacts the surface 1104 of the drive tube housing 110, as shown in FIG. FIG. 11 In addition, the second protrusion surface 1004 of the protrusion 1000 can abut the flexible drive tube surface 1202. In an embodiment, in reference to FIG. 11 In the configuration shown, the knob lock assembly 108 can be locked in the extended position. More specifically, when the user moves the knob lock assembly 108 in direction A, the end effector 106 can be extended from the end effector assembly 104 to the reference position because the knob lock assembly 108 is coupled to the end effector 106 via the coupling 300 as previously described. FIG. 1B Thus, boss 1000 and boss surfaces 1002 and 1004 act together to provide a lock for knob lock assembly 108 such that the lock formed by boss 1000 and boss surfaces 1002 and 1004 engages knob lock assembly 108 with drive tube housing 110 .

[0075] In addition to reference FIG. 9 to FIG. 11 and FIG. 13In addition to the configuration shown, the knob lock assembly 108 can adopt alternative configurations to achieve the retracted position and the extended position. For further explanation, the knob lock assembly 108 can have a reference FIG. 14 1408 , the knob lock assembly 108 may further include an actuator 1400 having a biasing device 1402 in addition to the housing portion 900. It should be noted that throughout this specification, reference will be made to one actuator 1400 and to multiple actuators 1400. These terms are interchangeable. Thus, the disclosure regarding one actuator 1400 applies to multiple actuators 1400, and the disclosure regarding multiple actuators 1400 applies to one actuator 1400. In an embodiment, the biasing device 1402 may be integral with the actuator 1400, the protrusion 1408, the first protrusion surface 1506, and the second protrusion surface 1508, such that the actuator 1400, the protrusion 1408, the first protrusion surface 1506, and the second protrusion surface 1508 are integral with the biasing device 1402. In an embodiment, the biasing device 1402 may have a surface 1404, as will be referred to herein. FIG. 15 As discussed, the surface 1404 can assist the biasing device 1402 by providing a biasing force to the actuator 1400 via the surface 1406 of the housing 900. In addition, the biasing device 1402 can have a protrusion 1408 that can have a similar shape to the reference FIG. 9 to FIG. 11 and FIG. 13 The same function as discussed above for the protrusion 1000. In embodiments, the actuator 1400 can be formed from any flexible semi-rigid material. Examples can include any type of polymer, polycarbonate, etc. Furthermore, in embodiments, the actuator 1400 can be coupled to the housing portion 900 via the housing pin 908. Specifically, as described with reference to FIG. FIG. 15 As shown, the actuator 1400 may include an actuator aperture 1410 that may be configured to receive the housing pin 908 such that the actuator 1400 may be coupled with the housing portion 900 .

[0076] As described, the housing surface 1406 assists the biasing device 1402 by providing a biasing force to the actuator 1400. For further explanation, refer to FIG. 15 , shows an embodiment of the knob locking assembly 108 in which the biasing surface 1404 of the biasing device 1402 abuts the housing surface 1406. In this configuration, since the actuator 1400 can be formed of a flexible material, the housing surface 1406 can cause the biasing device 1402 to bend along the direction Y. For further explanation, when the knob locking assembly 108 has a reference FIG. 15In the configuration shown, the biasing device 1402 can be compressed such that the arm 1500 of the biasing device 1402 is forced to pivot about the imaginary point 1502 in the direction Y. As the biasing device arm 1500 pivots about the imaginary point 1502, a biasing force can be provided to the end 1504 of the actuator 1400 in the direction C. Thus, the biasing force applied by the compression of the biasing device arm 1500 can apply a force to the actuator end 1504 in the direction C. Additionally, the force applied by the biasing device arm 1500 can cause the actuator 1400 to pivot about the housing pin 908 in the direction X such that the actuator 1400 can have a reference position. FIG. 15 Configuration shown.

[0077] Actuator 1400 may include a protrusion 1408 that may have a similar function to protrusion 1000. Thus, in embodiments, protrusion 1408 may lock knob lock assembly 108 in the retracted position. Additionally, protrusion 1408 may lock knob lock assembly 108 in the extended position. In embodiments, protrusion 1408 may include a first surface 1506 and a second surface 1508 opposite first protrusion surface 1506. In embodiments, protrusion 1408, together with first protrusion surface 1506 and second protrusion surface 1508, may serve as a locking portion that, as will be discussed further, engages knob lock assembly 1800 with drive tube housing 110 in both the retracted and extended positions.

[0078] In reference FIG. 15 In the illustrated configuration, the knob lock assembly 108 can be locked in the retracted position. In the retracted position, the first protrusion surface 1506 can abut the flexible drive tube surface 1006, such that the flexible drive tube surface 1006 prevents the knob lock assembly 108 from moving in direction A. Thus, the flexible drive tube surface 1006 acts as a stop for the first protrusion surface 1506. More specifically, in embodiments, because the first protrusion surface 1506 abuts the flexible drive tube surface 1006, the first protrusion surface 1506, in conjunction with the flexible drive tube surface 1006, can prevent the knob lock assembly 108 from moving in direction A and, in turn, prevent the end effector 106 from extending from the end effector assembly 104, thereby maintaining the knob lock assembly 108 and the end effector 106 in the retracted position.

[0079] In an embodiment, if a user desires to remove the knob lock assembly 108 from the reference FIG. 15 Move to the retracted position shown in reference FIG. 16In the extended position shown, the user can apply a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108 and the ridge 1010. When the user applies a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108, the actuator 1400 rotates about the housing pin 908 in direction Y, thereby moving the tab 1408 upward in direction C. In embodiments, as the tab 1408 moves upward in direction C, the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 can clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, similar to the tab 1000 and the first tab surface 1002 clearing the flexible drive tube surface 1006, as described with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B. Once the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, the user can move the knob lock assembly 108 along direction A and into the position shown in FIG. 10B, where the user can release the force applied along direction B at the engagement surface 108. FIG. 13 In the extended position shown, the user can apply a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108 and the ridge 1010. When the user applies a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108, the actuator 1400 rotates about the housing pin 908 in direction Y, thereby moving the tab 1408 upward in direction C. In embodiments, as the tab 1408 moves upward in direction C, the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 can clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, similar to the tab 1000 and the first tab surface 1002 clearing the flexible drive tube surface 1006, as described with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B. Once the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, the user can move the knob lock assembly 108 along direction A and into the position shown in FIG. 10B, where the user can release the force applied along direction B at the engagement surface 108. FIG. 16 In the extended position shown, the user can apply a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108 and the ridge 1010. When the user applies a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108, the actuator 1400 rotates about the housing pin 908 in direction Y, thereby moving the tab 1408 upward in direction C. In embodiments, as the tab 1408 moves upward in direction C, the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 can clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, similar to the tab 1000 and the first tab surface 1002 clearing the flexible drive tube surface 1006, as described with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B. Once the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, the user can move the knob lock assembly 108 along direction A and into the position shown in FIG. 10B, where the user can release the force applied along direction B at the engagement surface 108.

[0080] In the extended position shown, the user can apply a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108 and the ridge 1010. When the user applies a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108, the actuator 1400 rotates about the housing pin 908 in direction Y, thereby moving the tab 1408 upward in direction C. In embodiments, as the tab 1408 moves upward in direction C, the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 can clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, similar to the tab 1000 and the first tab surface 1002 clearing the flexible drive tube surface 1006, as described with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B. Once the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, the user can move the knob lock assembly 108 along direction A and into the position shown in FIG. 10B, where the user can release the force applied along direction B at the engagement surface 108. FIG. 16 In the extended position shown, the user can apply a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108 and the ridge 1010. When the user applies a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108, the actuator 1400 rotates about the housing pin 908 in direction Y, thereby moving the tab 1408 upward in direction C. In embodiments, as the tab 1408 moves upward in direction C, the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 can clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, similar to the tab 1000 and the first tab surface 1002 clearing the flexible drive tube surface 1006, as described with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B. Once the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, the user can move the knob lock assembly 108 along direction A and into the position shown in FIG. 10B, where the user can release the force applied along direction B at the engagement surface 108. FIG. 16 In the extended position shown, the user can apply a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108 and the ridge 1010. When the user applies a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108, the actuator 1400 rotates about the housing pin 908 in direction Y, thereby moving the tab 1408 upward in direction C. In embodiments, as the tab 1408 moves upward in direction C, the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 can clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, similar to the tab 1000 and the first tab surface 1002 clearing the flexible drive tube surface 1006, as described with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B. Once the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, the user can move the knob lock assembly 108 along direction A and into the position shown in FIG. 10B, where the user can release the force applied along direction B at the engagement surface 108. FIG. 16 In the extended position shown, the user can apply a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108 and the ridge 1010. When the user applies a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108, the actuator 1400 rotates about the housing pin 908 in direction Y, thereby moving the tab 1408 upward in direction C. In embodiments, as the tab 1408 moves upward in direction C, the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 can clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, similar to the tab 1000 and the first tab surface 1002 clearing the flexible drive tube surface 1006, as described with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B. Once the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, the user can move the knob lock assembly 108 along direction A and into the position shown in FIG. 10B, where the user can release the force applied along direction B at the engagement surface 108.

[0081] In the extended position shown, the user can apply a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108 and the ridge 1010. When the user applies a force along direction B at the engagement surface 108, the actuator 1400 rotates about the housing pin 908 in direction Y, thereby moving the tab 1408 upward in direction C. In embodiments, as the tab 1408 moves upward in direction C, the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 can clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, similar to the tab 1000 and the first tab surface 1002 clearing the flexible drive tube surface 1006, as described with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B. Once the tab 1408 and the first tab surface 1506 clear the flexible drive tube surface 1006, the user can move the knob lock assembly 108 along direction A and into the position shown in FIG. 10B, where the user can release the force applied along direction B at the engagement surface 108. FIG. 9 to FIG. 11 and FIG. 13 to FIG. 16 In addition to the configurations shown in FIGS. 10A-10D, the vaginal dilation device 100 can employ knobs having alternative configurations to achieve the retracted and extended positions. For example, the vaginal dilation device 100 can include a knob lock assembly 1700 that can move the end effector 106 between a retracted position and an extended position, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B. FIG. 17embodiments, the knob lock assembly 1700 can be positioned at the proximal end of the colpotomy device 100, similar to the knob lock assembly 108. Further, the knob lock assembly 1700 can be used to manipulate the end effector assembly 104, such as rotating the end effector assembly 104 in both a clockwise and counterclockwise direction during use of the colpotomy device 100. Further, the knob lock assembly 1700 can be used to extend the end effector 106 out to the position shown with reference to FIG. 1B and retract the end effector 106 back to the position shown with reference to FIG. 1A Similar to the knob lock assembly 108 shown with reference to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B the knob lock assembly 1700 can be decoupled from the end effector assembly 104 via the drive tube housing 110.

[0082] In embodiments, the knob lock assembly 1700 can include a housing portion 1702 and an actuator 1704 that can be used to lock the knob lock assembly 1700 in either a retracted position or an extended position via a knob ring 1706 disposed within a knob ring seat 1708. Further, in embodiments, the housing portion 1702 can include a directional arrow 1710 that can provide an indication to a user as to which direction the knob lock assembly 1700 should be moved in order to seat the knob lock assembly 1700 in the extended position. As shown with reference to FIG. 18 The knob ring 1706 can be biased within the housing portion 1702 with a biasing device 1800 that can be seated on a seat 1802. In embodiments, the biasing device 1800 can be a compression spring that can exert a force on the knob ring 1706 along direction B, as shown with reference to FIG. 19 In embodiments, the biasing device 1800 is seated in a recess 1900 of the housing portion 1702 and can exert a force on the recess 1900 along direction C and can exert a force on the knob ring 1706 along direction B via the seat 1802.

[0083] In embodiments, the knob lock assembly 1700 can be used to manipulate the end effector assembly 104, such as rotating the end effector assembly 104 in both a clockwise and counterclockwise direction during use of the colpotomy device 100. Further, the knob lock assembly 1700 can be used to extend the end effector 106 out to the position shown with reference to FIG. 19In the illustrated embodiment, the colpotomy device 100 and the knob lock assembly 1700 are in the retracted position. In embodiments, the knob ring 1706 includes a first surface 1902 that can abut the flexible drive tube surface 1006 such that the flexible drive tube surface 1006 prevents the knob lock assembly 1700 from moving in the direction A. Thus, the flexible drive tube surface 1006 can act as a stop for the first surface 1902. More specifically, in embodiments, because the first surface 1902 abuts the flexible drive tube surface 1006, the first surface 1902 in combination with the flexible drive tube surface 1006 can prevent movement of the knob lock assembly 1700 in the direction A and, in turn, prevent the end effector 106 from extending from the end effector assembly 104, thereby maintaining the knob lock assembly 1700 and the end effector 106 in the retracted position.

[0084] When the user desires to move the knob lock assembly 1700 from the retracted position to the extended position, the user can push the actuator in the direction C, thereby moving the knob ring 1706 and the knob ring seat 1708 in the direction C. As the knob ring 1706 moves in the direction C, the knob ring first surface 1902 passes over the flexible drive tube surface 1006 such that the user can move the knob lock assembly 1700 in the direction A, as FIG. 20 illustrated. As illustrated, the knob ring 1706 is positioned above the drive tube housing 110 and can move along the top surface of the drive tube housing 110. FIG. 20 As can be seen, the knob ring 1706 is positioned above the drive tube housing 110 and can move along the top surface of the drive tube housing 110.

[0085] The user can move the knob lock assembly 1700 to the position illustrated in FIG. 21 where the knob lock assembly 1700 is in the extended position. Here, the second surface 2100 of the knob ring 1706 can abut the flexible drive tube surface 1202 of the drive tube housing 110. More specifically, as the knob lock assembly 1700 moves to the position illustrated in FIG. 21 illustrated, the user can release the force on the actuator 1704 such that the biasing device 1800 can move the knob ring 1706 in the direction B. As the knob ring 1706 moves in the direction B, the knob ring second surface 2100 can abut the flexible drive tube surface 1202 such that the knob lock assembly 1700 can be in the extended position. In embodiments, as described above, the actuator 1704 can be a button, a switch, or any other type of tactile mechanism that allows the knob ring 1706 to move. Further, the biasing device 1800 can be any mechanism that can apply a force in the direction B and the direction C. Examples include, in addition to a compression spring, a wave spring or a leaf spring. In embodiments, the knob ring 1706 can have an inner diameter d in the range of about 0.555 inches to about 1.55 inches and more preferably about 0.80 inches to about 1.05 inches.lr In particular, as discussed with reference to FIG. 20 , the knob ring 1706 can have a diameter that is greater than the diameter dl of the flexible tube end 1200 such that the knob ring 1706 can slide over the flexible tube end 1200.

[0086] In addition to the configurations shown with reference to FIG. 9 to FIG. 11 and FIG. 13 to FIG. 21 , the colpotomy device 100 can also employ a knob lock assembly having other alternative configurations to achieve the retracted and extended positions, such as the embodiment shown with reference to FIG. 22 to FIG. 25 . To further illustrate, in an embodiment, the colpotomy device 100 can include a knob lock assembly 2200 as shown with reference to FIG. 22 that can move the end effector 106 between the retracted and extended positions. In an embodiment, similar to the knob lock assemblies 108 and 1700, the knob lock assembly 2200 can be positioned at the proximal end of the colpotomy device 100. The knob lock assembly 2200 can be used to manipulate the end effector assembly 104, such as rotating the end effector assembly 104 in both the clockwise and counterclockwise directions during use of the colpotomy device 100. The knob lock assembly 2200 can also be used to extend the end effector 106 to the position shown with reference to FIG. 1B and retract the end effector to the position shown with reference to FIG. 1A . Similar to the knob lock assembly 108 shown with reference to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B , the knob lock assembly 2200 can be separate from the end effector assembly 104 via the drive tube housing 110.

[0087] Knob locking assembly 2200 can include a housing portion 2202, which can have actuators 2204A and 2204B. In embodiments, actuators 2204A and 2204B can include a locking mechanism 2206 disposed on a sub-housing 2208 of housing portion 2202. Furthermore, locking mechanism 2206 can include a protrusion 2210 located at its distal end. This protrusion 2210 can have a protrusion surface 2212 that assists in locking knob locking assembly 2200. It should be noted that throughout this specification, reference will be made to a single protrusion 2210 and multiple protrusions 2210. These terms are interchangeable. Thus, disclosure regarding a single protrusion 2210 applies to multiple protrusions 2210, and disclosure regarding multiple protrusions 2210 applies to a single protrusion 2210. Similarly, it should be noted that throughout this specification, reference will be made to a single raised surface 2212 and multiple raised surfaces 2212. These terms are interchangeable. Thus, the disclosure regarding a single raised surface 2212 applies to multiple raised surfaces 2212, and the disclosure regarding multiple raised surfaces 2212 applies to a single raised surface 2212. Furthermore, in embodiments, the housing portion 2202 may include a directional arrow 2214 that may provide an indication to the user as to which direction the knob lock assembly 2200 should be moved in order to place the knob lock assembly 2200 in the extended position.

[0088] Now refer to FIG. 23 , a first portion of the sub-housing 2208 is disposed within the flexible tube end portion 1200, while the remainder of the sub-housing 2208 may be external to the flexible tube end portion 1200. Here, the sub-housing 2208 may have a circular configuration and may be configured to fit within the flexible tube end portion 1200. It should be noted that the sub-housing 2208 may have other configurations that complement the configuration of the flexible tube end portion 1200. For example, if the flexible tube end portion 1200 has a square configuration, the sub-housing 2208 may have a square configuration that complements the square configuration of the flexible tube end portion 1200. In an embodiment, the sub-housing 2208 may have a diameter d in the range of about 0.45 inches to about 1.45 inches and more preferably about 0.70 inches to about 0.95 inches. sh In particular, the sub-housing 2208 may have a diameter d smaller than the diameter d1 of the flexible tube end 1200. sh , so that the sub-housing 2208 can be fitted within the flexible tube end 1200.

[0089] In About FIG. 23 In the embodiment shown, the knob locking mechanism is in the retracted position. FIG. 23As can be seen, the tab surface 2212 abuts the flexible drive tube surface 1202. Thus, the flexible drive tube surface 1006 acts as a stop for the tab surface. More specifically, in embodiments, because the tab surface 2212 abuts the flexible drive tube surface 1006, the tab surface 2212 can prevent the knob lock assembly 2202 from moving in the direction A, and in turn, prevent the end effector 106 from extending from the end effector assembly 104, thereby maintaining the knob lock assembly and the end effector 106 in the retracted position.

[0090] In embodiments, each of the actuators 2204A and 2204B can include a rotation pin 2300 and a biasing device 2302, which can be used to maintain the tab 2210 in the position shown with reference to FIG. 23 In embodiments, the rotation pin 2300 and the biasing device 2302 can bias the tab 2210 to the position shown with reference to FIG. 23 In embodiments, the actuators 2204A and 2204B can be formed of any pliable, semi-rigid material. Examples can include any type of polymer, polycarbonate, etc. Likewise, the rotation pin 2300 and the biasing device 2302 can also be formed of a pliable, semi-rigid material similar to the actuators 2204A and 2204B. Because of the semi-rigid nature of the rotation pin 2300 and the biasing device 2302, when the biasing devices 2300 and 2302 are disposed on the housing surface 2304 as shown with reference to FIG. 23 In embodiments, each of the rotation pin 2300 and the biasing device 2302 can exert a force on the housing surface 2304 in the direction B, such that the housing surface 2304 can exert an opposing force in the direction C, when the biasing devices 2300 and 2302 are disposed on the housing surface 2304 as shown with reference to FIG. 23 In embodiments, because of the opposing force in the direction C exerted by the housing surface 2304, the tab 2210 can remain in the position shown with reference to

[0091] A user can employ the knob lock assembly 2200 to move the end effector 106 between the retracted position shown with reference to FIG. 1A and the extended position shown with reference to FIG. 1B In embodiments, the user can employ the knob lock assembly 2200 to move the end effector 106 between the retracted position shown with reference to FIG. 24, the user can apply a force on actuator 2204A along direction B and a force on actuator 2204B along direction C, thereby moving actuators 2204A and 2204B into housing portion 2202. In an embodiment, the user can move actuators 2204A and 2204B until the surface 2400 of the actuator contacts the actuator stop 2402. As actuators 2204A and 2204B move, the user can move the knob lock assembly along direction A, and the protrusion 2210 and the protrusion surface 2212 can pass over the flexible drive tube surface 1202. Specifically, the user can move actuators 2204A and 2204B such that the protrusion 2210 moves inside the subhousing 2208, as shown in FIG. FIG. 24 Thus, the user can move the locking mechanism 2206, the protrusion 2210, and the protrusion surface 2212 inside the flexible tube end 1200 along direction A. Furthermore, once inside the flexible tube end 1200, the user can release the actuators 2204A and 2204B and can continue to move the knob lock assembly 2200 until the protrusion surface 2212 abuts the flexible drive tube surface 2500, as shown in FIG. FIG. 25 In an embodiment, FIG. 25 , the knob locking assembly 2200 is in the extended position so that the end effector 106 is moved from the position indicated in FIG. FIG. 1B As described above, the boss 2210 and the boss surface 2212 are configured to engage the knob lock assembly 2200 such that the knob lock assembly engages the drive tube housing 110 in both the retracted position and the extended position.

[0092] As described above, the knob lock assemblies 108, 1700, and 2200 are used to facilitate movement of the end effector 106 between the retracted position and the extended position. As described above, in the extended position, the end effector 106 can be used to remove the uterus 208. FIG. 26A to FIG. 26C Examples of end effector 106 are discussed. FIG. 26A is a schematic diagram of a plan view of a cutting device 2600 that may be used with the end effector 106 . FIG. 26B yes FIG. 26A Schematic diagram of a side view of a cutting device 2600. FIG. 26C yes FIG. 26A and FIG. 26B A perspective view of a cutting device.

[0093] like FIG. 26AAs shown in , cutting device 2600 may include a central portion 2602 and a peripheral portion 2604. In an embodiment, cutting device central portion 2602 may be insulating and at least partially surrounded by cutting device peripheral portion 2604. In an embodiment, cutting device peripheral portion 2604 may be conductive. Cutting device central portion 2602 may be electrically insulating so as to block or limit the flow of current through cutting device central portion 2602. Cutting device peripheral portion 2604 may be electrically conductive so as to allow current to flow through cutting device peripheral portion 2604. In an embodiment, by limiting the current flowing through cutting device central portion 2602, most of the current can travel through cutting device peripheral portion 2604 so as to concentrate the energy that can be delivered for resection. Therefore, this configuration may allow for more precise cutting. It should be noted that although cutting device 2600 is described as bipolar, in another embodiment, cutting device 2600 may be monopolar. Furthermore, in embodiments, to facilitate electrical contact with a current source, the cutting device 2600 may include a contact member 2606 and an engagement surface 2608 having a cutting device aperture 2610. The cutting device engagement surface 2608 and the cutting device aperture 2610 may allow the cutting device 2600 to be coupled to the colpotomy device 100, as described with reference to FIG. FIG. 27 shown.

[0094] FIG. 27 1 shows a perspective view of the end effector assembly 104 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As previously described, the end effector assembly 104 can be coupled to the coupling 300 and the colpotomy device 100 via the end effector assembly coupling 700, so that the cutting device 2600 can be coupled to the colpotomy device 100. In an embodiment, the end effector assembly 104 can include a blade cover 2700 that can be coupled to the end effector assembly coupling 700 and the cutting device 2600. Specifically, the blade cover 2700 can include a raised portion 2800 ( FIG. 28 ), wherein the cutting device hole 2610 and the end effector assembly coupling hole 2900 ( FIG. 29 ) is configured to receive the blade cover boss 2800, as shown in FIG. FIG. 30 In an embodiment, the cutting device 2600 can be disposed between the blade cover 2700 and the flange 3000 of the end effector assembly coupling 700, as also shown in FIG. FIG. 30The cutting device 2600 can be coupled with the colpotomy device 100 via the blade cover 2700 and the end effector assembly 700 as shown. As described above, the end effector 106 can rotate with the knob lock assemblies 108, 1700, and 2200. In embodiments, the end effector assembly 700 can couple the cutting device 2600 with the knob lock assemblies 108, 1700, and 2200 such that the cutting device 2600 can rotate with the knob lock assemblies 108, 1700, and 2200 via the end effector assembly 700 when the cutting device 2600 is used with the end effector 106.

[0095] As described above, in some embodiments, the cutting device 2600 can include a cutting device perimeter portion 2604 through which electrical current can travel during an ablation procedure. To provide electrical current to the cutting device 2600 and the cutting device perimeter portion 2604, the colpotomy device 100 can include an axial contact 2702 that is electrically coupled with a circumferential electrical contact 2704 as shown with reference to FIG. 27 In embodiments, the axial contact 2702 can be electrically coupled to the cutting device contact 2606 such that electrical current from the circumferential electrical contact 2704 can travel to the cutting device 2600 via the axial contact 2702. In embodiments, the axial contact 2702 can be coupled with the end effector assembly 104 via the end effector assembly coupling 700 and the blade cover 2700. More specifically, as shown with reference to FIG. 29 、 FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 The end effector assembly coupling 700 can include a recess 2902 configured to retain the axial contact 2702. Further, as shown with reference to FIG. 28 、 FIG. 30 and FIG. 31 The blade cover 2700 can include a recess 2802 configured to retain the axial contact 2702.

[0096] Further, as described above, the cutting device contact 2606 is in contact with the axial contact 2702 in order to provide electrical current to the cutting device 2600. In embodiments, as shown with reference to FIG. 30 and FIG. 31 The blade cover recess 2802 can be configured to retain the cutting device contact 2606 with the axial contact 2702 such that the axial contact 2702 can be in contact with the cutting device contact 2606. Thus, when the end effector assembly 700 and the cutting device 2600 rotate with the knob lock assemblies 108, 1700, and 2200, the axial contact 2702 can also rotate while electrical current continues to travel to the cutting device 2600.

[0097] When the axial contact 2702 rotates during rotation of the end effector assembly 700 and the cutting device 2600, the axial contact 2702 should remain in contact with the circumferential contact 2704. Accordingly, in embodiments, as shown with reference to FIG. 27, the circumferential electrical contact 2704 can include a surface 3200 that the axial contact 2702 can contact. In embodiments, when the end effector assembly 700, the cutting device 2600, and the blade cover 2700 are rotated along with the knob lock assemblies 108, 1700, and 2200 in the direction Rl, the axial contact 2702 slides along the circumferential contact surface 3200 such that the axial contact 2702 can remain in electrical contact with the circumferential contact 2704. Accordingly, during rotation of the knob lock assemblies 108, 1700, and 2200, electrical current can be continuously provided to the cutting device 2600 and the cutting device peripheral portion 2604. FIG. 32

[0098] As described above, the circumferential contact 2704 provides electrical current to the cutting device 2600 via the axial contact 2702. In embodiments, to provide the electrical current, the circumferential contact 2704 can include an engagement face 3300 that can form a recess 3302 within which an electrical source 3304, such as a wire that carries electrical current, can be disposed, as shown with reference to FIG. 33. In embodiments, the electrical source 3304 can provide electrical current to the circumferential contact 2704. FIG. 33

[0099] As described above, a user can rotate the end effector assembly 104 and the end effector 106 during a hysterectomy procedure, such as the removal of the uterus 208. Further, as described above, the cutting device 2600 can include a cutting device peripheral portion 2604 that allows electrical current to flow therethrough to provide a more precise cut. To continuously provide electrical current to the cutting device 2600 during a cutting procedure, the axial contact 2702 can be configured to rotate along the circumferential contact surface 3200 while the user rotates the cutting device 2600.

[0100] In alternative embodiments, the end effector 106 can include a cutting device 3400 as shown with reference to FIG. 34. In this embodiment, the cutting device 3400 can include a configuration of the cutting device 2600, such as a cutting device central portion and a cutting device peripheral portion. As FIG. 34A FIG. 34B ​​​As shown in , the cutting device 3400 may include a central portion 3402 and a peripheral portion 3404. In an embodiment, the cutting device central portion 3402 may be insulating and at least partially surrounded by the cutting device peripheral portion 3404. In an embodiment, the cutting device peripheral portion 3404 may be conductive. The cutting device central portion 3402 may be electrically insulating so as to block or limit the flow of current through the cutting device central portion 3402. The cutting device peripheral portion 3404 may be electrically conductive to allow current to flow through the cutting device peripheral portion 3404. In an embodiment, by limiting the current flowing through the cutting device central portion 3402, most of the current can travel through the cutting device peripheral portion 3404. It should be noted that although the cutting device 3400 is described as bipolar, in another embodiment, the cutting device 3400 can be monopolar.

[0101] In embodiments, to facilitate electrical contact with a current source, the cutting device 3400 may include a contact 3406 and an engagement surface 3408 having a cutting device aperture 3410. The cutting device engagement surface 3408 and the cutting device aperture 3410 may allow the cutting device 3400 to be coupled to the colpotomy device 100 in a manner similar to that described with respect to the cutting device 2600.

[0102] In embodiments where the colpotomy device 100 includes a cutting device 3400, the end effector 106 may further include an axial contact member 3500 configured to contact the cutting device contact member 3406, as shown in FIG. FIG. 35 In an embodiment, the axial contact 3500 may include contact surfaces 3502 and 3504 that may allow the axial contact 3500 to provide current to the cutting device 3400. Specifically, as shown in FIG. FIG. 36 As can be seen, the axial contact surface 3502 can contact the cutting device contact member 3460. FIG. 36 As can be seen, the axial contact surface 3504 can contact the circumferential contact 2704. Thus, the axial contact 3500 can receive current from the circumferential contact 2704 via the axial contact surface 3504. Additionally, the axial contact 3500 can provide current to the cutting device 3400 and the cutting device peripheral portion 3404 via the axial contact surface 3502.

[0103] As described above, the colpotomy device 100 can include an end effector assembly 104, which can have an end effector 106 that can be used for tissue resection. Further, as described above, the end effector 106 can rotate when the user rotates the knob lock assembly 108, 1700, and 2200 in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction. In embodiments, the end effector 106 can rotate while the end effector assembly 104 remains fixed when the user rotates the knob lock assembly 108, 1700, and 2200. Accordingly, in embodiments, the end effector 106 can move relative to the end effector assembly 104. An example of this embodiment is illustrated with reference to FIG. 37 FIG. 1.

[0104] FIG. 37 An end effector assembly 104 according to embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated. In addition to the end effector 106, the end effector assembly 104 can include a first cup 3700 and a second cup 3702 nested within the first cup 3700. Further, the first cup 3700 can be spaced apart from the second cup 3702 with a spacer assembly 3704. Each of the first cup 3700, the second cup 3702, and the spacer assembly 3704 are centered relative to a longitudinal coaxial axis Z, with each of the first cup 3700 and the second cup 3702 defining the longitudinal coaxial axis Z. The first cup 3700 can include a protrusion 3800 FIG. 38 that can hold a circumferential contact 2704, as described above, which is held in contact with and slides on the circumferential contact 2704 during use of the colpotomy device 100 FIG. 39 . Further, in embodiments, the end effector assembly 104 can be housed by the first cup 3700 such that the first cup 3700 houses the end effector assembly coupling 700, the cutting device 2600, the blade cover 2700, the axial contact 2702, and the circumferential contact 2704, as illustrated with reference to FIG. 40 . The first cup 3700 can have a substantially circular configuration, with an opening 3802 that can be defined at a distal end of the first cup 3700. In embodiments, the opening 3802 can have a substantially circular configuration similar to the configuration of the first cup 3700. Although the first cup 3700 and the first cup opening 3802 are defined to have a circular configuration, the first cup 3700 and the first cup opening 3802 can have any three-dimensional configuration.

[0105] In an embodiment, the second cup 3702 can have a configuration that is complementary to the configuration of the first cup 3700, such that the second cup 3702 can be nested within the first cup 3700. For example, as shown in FIG. FIG. 41 As shown, the second cup 3702 can have a substantially circular configuration, wherein an opening 4100 can be defined at the distal end of the second cup 3702. In embodiments, the second cup opening 4100 can have a substantially circular configuration similar to the configuration of the second cup 3702. Additionally, the second cup 3702 can include a probe aperture 4102 through which the probe 112 can pass. In embodiments, the spacer assembly 3704 aligns the first cup 3700 with the second cup 3702 such that the probe aperture 4102 is aligned with the first cup 3702. Although the second cup 3702 and the second cup opening 4100 are defined as having a circular configuration, the second cup 3702 and the second cup opening 4100 can have any three-dimensional configuration. In an embodiment, each of the first cup 3700 and the second cup 3702 can be formed from a rigid material such as steel, aluminum, or any other type of metal alloy. In another embodiment, each of the first cup 3700 and the second cup 3702 can be formed from a rigid material such as plastic, or any other type of polymer such as nylon, or any type of material with a low coefficient of friction.

[0106] In an embodiment, the spacer assembly 3704 can be used to space the first cup 3702 from the second cup 3704. In addition, the spacer assembly 3704 can allow the end actuator 106 to move while the first cup 3700 and the second cup 3702 remain fixed. For example, the spacer assembly 3704 can be used to allow the end actuator 106 to move along the direction R1 while the first cup 3700 and the second cup 3702 remain fixed. Therefore, the spacer assembly 3704 can be used to allow the end actuator 106 to move in a circular direction along the direction R1 to form a circular incision. Similarly, the spacer assembly 3704 can be used to allow the end actuator 106 to move relative to the end actuator assembly 104, so that the end actuator assembly 104 can remain fixed while the end actuator rotates in conjunction with the knob locking assembly 108, 1700 and 2200. In an embodiment, as shown in reference FIG. 42As shown, the spacer assembly 3704 may include a spacer 4200 disposed within the bushing 4202. In an embodiment, the spacer 4200 may define a spacer opening 4204 configured to receive the second cup 3702. In an embodiment, each of the spacer 4200 and the spacer opening 4204 may have a configuration that is complementary to the configuration of the first cup 3700 and the second cup 3702, such that the spacer 4200 may be disposed between the second cup 3702 and the bushing 4202. For example, the spacer 4200 and the spacer opening 4204 may have a substantially circular configuration that is complementary to the configuration of the first cup 3700 and the second cup 3702.

[0107] like FIG. 43 As shown in , in an embodiment, the bushing 4202 can define an opening 4300 that is configured to receive the spacer 4200. In an embodiment, the spacer 4200 can have a friction fit within the bushing 4202 such that the spacer 4200 is rigidly coupled to the bushing 4202. Other examples of how the spacer 4200 can be rigidly coupled to the bushing 4202 can include keying methods, placing an adhesive between the inner surface of the bushing 4202 and the outer surface of the spacer 4200, etc. In an embodiment, the rigid coupling between the spacer 4200 and the bushing 4202 allows the bushing 4202 to rotate while the spacer 4200 remains stationary. In an embodiment, the bushing 4202 can be a plain bearing, such as a sleeve and flange bearing, a split bearing, a clamped bearing, a two-piece bearing, an integral plain bearing, etc.

[0108] In order to allow the end effector 106 to move in the direction R1 ( FIG. 37 ) is rotated, the bushing 4202 may include a recess 4302 configured to receive the end effector 104. Specifically, as described with respect to FIG. 44 As shown, the end effector 106 can be disposed in the recess 4302 such that when the sleeve 4202 is rotated in the direction R1, the end effector 106 can rotate with the sleeve 4202. FIG. 44 As can be seen, the end effector 106 can be offset relative to the longitudinal coaxial axis Z.

[0109] In some embodiments, the laparoscopic device 100 can be configured to limit the amount of torque applied to the knob lock assembly 108 during use of the laparoscopic device 100. In embodiments, when the amount of torque applied by the user exceeds the amount of torque required for proper operation of the laparoscopic device 100, a clutch assembly can be used that causes slippage to occur so that the coupling 30 can no longer rotate. For example, referring to FIG. 45A andFIG. 45B According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the laparoscopic device 100 can include a clutch assembly 4500 that can be used to limit the amount of torque applied by a user to the coupling 300 via the knob lock assembly 108.

[0110] In embodiments, the clutch assembly 4500 can include a clutch plate 4502 that is engaged with a clutch housing 4504 via clutch plate teeth 4506 FIG. 45B ) and clutch housing teeth 4508. Specifically, as can be seen with reference to FIG. 46 , each of the clutch plate teeth 4506 and the clutch housing teeth 4508 have a triangular configuration such that the configuration of the clutch plate teeth 4506 is complementary to the configuration of the clutch housing teeth 4508. It should be noted that although the clutch plate teeth 4506 and the clutch housing teeth 4508 have a triangular configuration and are each described as having a complementary triangular configuration, in embodiments, the clutch plate teeth 4506 and the clutch housing teeth 4508 can have any type of complementary configuration. Examples can include a square configuration, a tapered configuration, and the like.

[0111] Returning attention FIG. 45A and FIG. 45B , in embodiments, the clutch assembly 4500 can include a biasing member 4510 that biases the clutch plate 4502 against the clutch housing 4504 such that the clutch plate teeth 4506 are engaged with the clutch housing teeth 4508, as shown with reference to FIG. 46 . In embodiments, the biasing member 4510 can be a wave spring, a compression spring, or any other type of biasing mechanism that biases the clutch plate 4502 against the clutch housing 4504. Further, the biasing member 4510 can rest against a surface 4512 of a knob lock housing portion 4514 such that the biasing device 4510 can exert a biasing force on the clutch plate 4502. In embodiments, the knob lock housing portion 4514 has similar functionality as the housing portion 900 discussed above, where the housing portion is coupled with the actuator 902 and the biasing device 904, also as described above.

[0112] In embodiments, as shown with reference to FIG. 45A and FIG. 45B , the clutch assembly can include an end cap 4516 having a coupling aperture 4518 disposed in a flange 4520. The end cap coupling aperture 4518 can be engaged with a clutch housing aperture 4522 via a fastening device 4700 FIG. 47 , thereby coupling the clutch housing 4504 with the end cap 4516, as with respect to FIG. 47shown. In embodiments, the fastening device 4700 can be any type of fastening device, such as a threaded fastener, a rivet, etc. As referenced above, the fastening device 4700 is configured to couple the clutch housing 4504 to the end cap 4516. In embodiments, the fastening device 4700 can be a threaded fastener, such as a screw, that is configured to couple the clutch housing 4504 to the end cap 4516. In embodiments, the fastening device 4700 can be a rivet that is configured to couple the clutch housing 4504 to the end cap 4516. FIG. 47 As shown, when the clutch housing 4504 is coupled to the end cap 4516, the clutch housing 4504 encloses the clutch plate 4502, the biasing member 4510, the clutch plate teeth 4506, and the clutch housing teeth 4508. Further, the clutch plate 4502 includes a tab 4524 that is configured to engage a slot 4526 of the knob lock housing portion 4514. More specifically, in the configuration shown, the clutch plate tab 4524 is seated within the knob lock housing portion slot 4526. Here, the clutch plate tab 4524 is engaged with the knob lock housing portion slot 4526 such that when a user rotates the clutch housing 4504, the clutch plate tab 4524 exerts a force on the knob lock housing portion slot 4526 and the knob lock housing portion 4514, thereby causing the coupling 300 to rotate. FIG. 47 As shown, in the configuration shown, the clutch plate tab 4524 is seated within the knob lock housing portion slot 4526. Here, the clutch plate tab 4524 is engaged with the knob lock housing portion slot 4526 such that when a user rotates the clutch housing 4504, the clutch plate tab 4524 exerts a force on the knob lock housing portion slot 4526 and the knob lock housing portion 4514, thereby causing the coupling 300 to rotate.

[0113] With respect to rotation of the coupling 300, as referenced above FIG. 48 and FIG. 49 As shown, the knob lock housing portion 4514 includes a recess 4800 that is configured to receive a coupling tab 4802. Here, when a user rotates the clutch housing 4504, the clutch plate 4502 transmits rotational force to the knob lock housing portion recess 4800 such that the knob lock housing portion recess 4800 rotates with the clutch housing 4504. Further, as the knob lock housing portion recess 4802 rotates, the coupling tab 4802 and the coupling 300 rotate due to being disposed within the knob lock housing portion recess 4800.

[0114] However, when a user exerts an excessive amount of torque on the clutch housing 4504, the clutch housing teeth 4508 disengage from the clutch plate teeth 4506 and slide over one another, as referenced above FIG. 50 and FIG. 51 Accordingly, when a user continues to rotate the clutch housing 4504 with an excessive amount of torque, the clutch plate 4502 does not transmit rotational force to the knob lock housing portion recess 4800 due to the clutch housing teeth 4508 disengaging from the clutch plate teeth 4506, such that the knob lock housing portion recess 4800 does not rotate with the clutch housing 4504. Further, since the knob lock housing portion recess 4800 does not rotate, the coupling tab 4802 and the coupling 300 do not rotate. It should be noted that, although FIG. 47 FIG. 1 illustrates the clutch housing 4504 coupled to the knob lock housing portion 4514, in embodiments, FIG. 45A to FIG. 49 the assembly disclosed in FIG. 1 can be coupled to the knob lock housing portion 4514 above FIG. 9 to FIG. 16The embodiments discussed incorporate where the clutch housing 4504 is coupled with the housing portion 900 as discussed with reference to FIG. 45A , FIG. 45B and FIG. 47 Thus, when a user applies an excessive amount of torque to the laparoscopic device 100, in embodiments where the housing portion 900 is used, the clutch assembly 4500 can prevent the excessive amount of torque from being transmitted to the coupling 300.

[0115] In addition to the embodiments discussed with reference to FIG. 45A to FIG. 51 , in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, the laparoscopic device 100 can include a clutch assembly 5200 that can be used to limit the amount of torque applied by a user to the coupling 300 via the knob lock assembly 108 as shown with respect to FIG. 52A and FIG. 52B Here, the clutch assembly 5200 can include a clutch plate 4502 that is engaged with a clutch housing 5202 via clutch plate teeth 4506 and clutch housing teeth 4508. In embodiments, the clutch assembly 5200 can include a biasing member 4510 as well as a knob lock housing portion 5204 and an end cap 5206.

[0116] In embodiments, the end cap 5206 can include an end cap tab 5208 that is configured to engage with a clutch housing recess 5210 when the end cap 5206 is coupled with the clutch housing 5202 as shown with reference to FIG. 53 . When the clutch housing 5202 is coupled with the end cap 5206, the clutch housing 5202 encloses the clutch plate 4502, the biasing member 4510, the clutch plate teeth 4506, and the clutch housing teeth 4508 as shown with reference to FIG. 53 . Further, the knob lock housing portion 5204 includes a slot 5212 that is configured to engage with the clutch plate tab 4524. More specifically, in the configuration shown with reference to FIG. 53 , the clutch plate tab 4524 is seated within the knob lock housing portion slot 5212. Here, the clutch plate tab 4524 is engaged with the knob lock housing portion slot 5212 such that when a user rotates the clutch housing 5202, the clutch plate tab 4524 exerts a force on the knob lock housing portion slot 5212 and the knob lock housing portion 5204, thereby causing the coupling 300 to rotate.

[0117] With respect to rotation of the coupling 300, as discussed with reference to FIG. 53As shown, the knob lock housing portion 5204 includes a recess 5300 similar to the clutch housing portion recess 4800, the recess 5300 configured to receive the coupling protrusion 4802. Here, when the user rotates the clutch housing 5202, the clutch plate 4502 transmits rotational force to the knob lock housing portion recess 5300 such that the knob lock housing portion recess 5300 rotates with the clutch housing 5202. When the knob lock housing portion recess 5300 rotates, because the coupling protrusion 4802 is disposed within the knob lock housing portion recess 5300, the coupling protrusion 4802 and the coupling 300 rotate with the knob lock portion recess 5300.

[0118] As discussed above with reference to FIG. 50 and FIG. 51 , when the user applies an excessive amount of torque on the clutch housing 5202, the clutch housing teeth 4508 disengage from the clutch plate teeth 4506 and slide over one another, as shown with reference to FIG. 50 and FIG. 51 . Thus, when the user continues to rotate the clutch housing 5202 with the excessive amount of torque, because the clutch housing teeth 4508 disengage from the clutch plate teeth 4506, the clutch plate 4502 does not transmit rotational force to the knob lock housing portion recess 5300 such that the knob lock housing portion recess 5300 does not rotate with the clutch housing 5202. Moreover, because the knob lock housing portion recess 5300 does not rotate, the coupling protrusion 4802 and the coupling 300 do not rotate. It should be noted that, although FIG. 53 the clutch housing 5202 is illustrated as being coupled with the knob lock housing portion 5204, in embodiments, FIG. 52A to FIG. 53 the assemblies disclosed in FIG. 17 to FIG. 21 may be incorporated in conjunction with the embodiments discussed above with reference to Figures 52A to 53 , wherein the clutch housing 5202 is coupled with the housing portion 1702, as discussed above with reference to . Thus, when the user applies an excessive amount of torque to the laparoscopic device 100 including the housing portion 1702, the clutch assembly 5200 can prevent the excessive amount of torque from being transmitted to the coupling 300.

[0119] In addition to the embodiments discussed with reference to Figures 45A to 53 , in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, the laparoscopic device 100 can include a clutch assembly 5400, which can be used to limit the amount of torque that a user can apply to the coupling 300 via the laparoscopic device 100, as discussed with reference to Figure 54The knob lock assembly 108 shown exerts an amount of torque to the coupling 300. In this embodiment, the clutch assembly 5400 can include a clutch 5402 and a biasing device 5404 disposed on the clutch 5402. The clutch 5402 can include the coupling hole 506 on the U-shaped portion 508. In embodiments, the clutch 5402 is coupled with the coupling 300 via the coupling hole 506. Thus, when the clutch 5402 is rotated, the coupling 300 can also be rotated.

[0120] In embodiments, the biasing device can include a flexible member 5500 and a post 5502, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in Figure 55 and Figure 56 , as shown in Figure 55 and Figure 56 are a side view and a top view of the biasing member 5404. In embodiments, the biasing device can be formed of any type of ductile material that bends in direction C when the biasing member 5404 is compressed in direction A or in direction D, and springs back in direction B when the biasing member 5404 is no longer compressed. Examples of materials that can be used for the biasing device include any type of flexible metal or semi-rigid polymer, including plastic and the like.

[0121] As mentioned above, the biasing member includes the post 5502. In embodiments, the post 5502 can facilitate the coupling of the biasing member 5404 with the housing portion 900. For example, in embodiments, the housing portion 900 can include a recess 5700 Figure 57 , as shown in Figure 58 , when the housing portion 900 is disposed on the clutch assembly 5400. In this embodiment, when the user turns the housing portion 900 during use of the laparoscopic device 100, the biasing member 5404 rotates with the housing portion 900 by virtue of the post 5502 residing within the recess 5700. In embodiments, as shown in Figure 59 , the clutch 5400 can include a stop 5900. When the user turns the housing portion 900 in direction X, an end 6000 Figure 60 of the biasing member 5404 abuts an end 6002 of the stop 5900. When the end 6000 abuts the stop 5900, the force exerted by turning the housing portion 900 causes the biasing member 5404 to exert a force in direction A, thereby causing the clutch 5402 and the coupling 300 to rotate in direction X, as described above and shown in Figure 60 .

[0122] In an embodiment, if the user applies excessive torque to the housing portion 900, i.e., the user rotates the housing portion 900 with excessive force, the excessive force is transmitted to the biasing member 5404, causing the flexible member 5500 of the biasing member 5404 to begin to compress along direction A and bend along direction C, as shown in FIG. Figure 61 As the flexible member 5500 of the biasing member 5404 continues to bend, the biasing member end 6000 moves along the stop end 6002 in direction C until the biasing member end 6000 passes over the stop end 6002 such that the biasing member 5400 is above the stop 5900, as shown in FIG. Figure 62 When the biasing member 5404 and the biasing member end 6000 slide over the top 6200 of the stop 5900, the biasing member 5404 no longer applies force to the stop 5900 in direction A, so that the clutch 5402 and the coupling 300 no longer rotate. Therefore, when the user applies an excessive amount of torque to the laparoscopic device 100, the clutch 5402 can prevent the excessive torque from being transmitted to the coupling 300.

[0123] Thus, what has been described includes a colpotomy device for performing a hysterectomy. The colpotomy device may include a knob assembly located at a distal end and a rotatable cutting instrument located at a distal end opposite the knob, wherein the knob assembly can be used to control the movement of the cutting instrument. The knob assembly can be coupled to the cutting instrument via a flexible drive tube having a plurality of couplings. In embodiments, the plurality of couplings can be connected in series and can rotate about a bending axis of the flexible drive tube. Furthermore, the end effector assembly can include an axial electrical contact that engages with and slides along a circumferential electrical contact to provide current to the cutting instrument during use of the colpotomy device. The end effector assembly can be housed within a first cup having a second cup nested therein. In embodiments, the cutting instrument can be disposed between the first cup and the second cup and can rotate relative to the first and second cups, such that the first and second cups can remain stationary while the cutting instrument rotates.

[0124] The above detailed description includes references to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the detailed description. The drawings show, by way of illustration, specific examples in which the application can be practiced. These examples are also referred to as "examples." Such examples can include elements in addition to those shown or described. However, the present inventors also contemplate examples in which only those elements shown or described are provided. Moreover, the present inventors also contemplate examples using any combination or permutation of those elements shown or described (or one or more aspects thereof), either with respect to a particular example (or one or more aspects thereof), or with respect to other examples (or one or more aspects thereof) shown or described herein.

[0125] In this document, the terms "a" or "an" are used, as is common in patent documents, to include one or more than one, independent of any other instances or usages of "at least one" or "one or more." In this document, the term "or" is used to refer to a nonexclusive or, such that "A or B" includes "A but not B," "B but not A," and "A and B," unless otherwise indicated. In this document, the terms "including" and "comprising" are used as the plain English equivalents of the respective terms "including" and "comprising." Additionally, in the following claims, the terms "including" and "comprising" are open-ended, that is, a system, device, article, composition, formulation, or process that includes elements in addition to those listed after such a term in a claim are still deemed to fall within the scope of that claim. Moreover, in the following claims, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects.

[0126] The above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described examples (or one or more aspects thereof) can be used in combination with each other. Other examples can be used in addition to those described, such as one of ordinary skill in the art would understand upon the light of the above descriptions. The Abstract is provided to allow a quick initial appreciation of the subject matter disclosed. The Abstract is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or the meaning of the claims. Additionally, in the above Detailed Description, various features can be grouped together or described in a single example for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This should not be interpreted as intending that the disclosed features are necessarily bound together in the example(s) described. Rather, the inventors contemplate that the features of the present subject matter can be combined in any suitable sub-combination or permutation. The scope of the present subject matter should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

Claims

1. A medical device comprising: a tissue incision assembly comprising: a first cup; a second cup, wherein the first cup is nested within the second cup; a spacer assembly between the first cup and the second cup to maintain a spacing between the first cup and the second cup, the spacer assembly comprising a bushing, and the bushing comprising a recess; and a cutting implement disposed within the recess, the cutting implement comprising at least a portion extending between and movable relative to the first cup and the second cup to provide a circular cut guided via the spacing between the first cup and the second cup, wherein the spacer assembly is configured to rotate with the cutting implement.

2. The medical device of claim 1, wherein, The cutting implement is extendable and retractable in a longitudinal axial direction spaced apart from a longitudinal coaxial axis defined by at least one of the first cup and the second cup by an offset distance.

3. The medical device of claim 1, wherein, The first cup comprises a probe aperture at a bottom of the first cup.

4. The medical device of claim 1, wherein, The spacer assembly is configured to align the first cup with the second cup such that the probe aperture of the first cup is aligned with the second cup.

5. The medical device of claim 1, wherein, The recess is disposed within the bushing, and the bushing is configured to allow the cutting implement to rotate while the first cup and the second cup remain fixed.

6. The medical device of claim 5, wherein, The bushing moves relative to the first cup and the second cup with the cutting implement.

7. A medical device comprising: a tissue incision assembly comprising: a first cup; a second cup, wherein the first cup is nested within the second cup; a spacer assembly between the first cup and the second cup to maintain a spacing between the first cup and the second cup, the spacer assembly comprising a bushing, and the bushing comprising a recess; and a cutting implement disposed within the recess, the cutting implement comprising at least a portion extending between and movable relative to the first cup and the second cup to provide a circular cut guided via the spacing between the first cup and the second cup, wherein the spacer assembly is configured to align the first cup with the second cup such that a probe aperture of the first cup is aligned with the second cup, wherein the spacer assembly is configured to rotate with the cutting implement.

8. The medical device of claim 7, wherein, The cutting implement is extendable and retractable in a longitudinal axial direction spaced apart from a longitudinal coaxial axis defined by at least one of the first cup and the second cup by an offset distance.

9. The medical device of claim 7, wherein, The first cup comprises a probe aperture at a bottom of the first cup.

10. The medical device of claim 7, wherein, The recess is disposed within the bushing, and the bushing is configured to allow the cutting implement to rotate while the first cup and the second cup remain fixed.

11. The medical device of claim 10, wherein, The bushing moves with the cutting implement relative to the first cup and the second cup.

12. A medical device comprising: a tissue incision assembly comprising: a first cup; a second cup, wherein the first cup is nested within the second cup; a spacer assembly between the first cup and the second cup to maintain a spacing between the first cup and the second cup; a cutting implement comprising at least a portion extending between and movable relative to the first cup and the second cup to provide a circular cut guided via the spacing between the first cup and the second cup, wherein the spacer assembly comprises a bushing having a recess disposed therein, wherein the cutting implement is disposed within the recess, the bushing is configured to allow the cutting implement to rotate while the first cup and the second cup remain fixed, wherein the spacer assembly is configured to rotate with the cutting implement.

13. The medical device of claim 12, wherein, The cutting implement is extendable and retractable in a longitudinal axial direction spaced apart from a longitudinal coaxial axis defined by at least one of the first cup and the second cup by an offset distance.

14. The medical device of claim 12, wherein, The first cup comprises a probe aperture at a bottom of the first cup.

15. The medical device of claim 12, wherein, The spacer assembly is configured to align the first cup with the second cup such that the probe aperture of the first cup is aligned with the second cup.

16. The medical device of claim 12, wherein, The bushing moves with the cutting implement relative to the first cup and the second cup.

Images