2826results about "Obstetrical instruments" patented technology

A fluid management system for use in a tissue resection procedure includes a controller. An inflow pump is operated by the controller and configured to provide fluid inflow through a flow path to a site in patient's body. An outflow pump is operated by the controller and configured to provide fluid outflow through a flow path from the site in patient's body. A motor driven resecting device may be provided for resecting tissue at the site. The controller is configured to actuate an inflow pump and an outflow pump in response to various signals and various algorithms are provided to provide malfunction warnings and assure safe operation.

The invention discloses an endoscope with a built-in grabbing mechanism, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a clamp assembly, a driving outer pipe and a driving inner wire; the grabbing mechanism further comprises a grabbing mechanism shell, a first moving seat and a second moving seat, wherein the first moving seat and the second moving seat are arranged in the grabbing mechanism shell. The near end of the driving outer tube is connected with the first moving seat, and the near end of the driving inner wire is connected with the second moving seat; when the second moving seat is fixed relative to the grabbing mechanism shell, the first moving seat moves towards the far end direction relative to the grabbing mechanism shell so as to control the clamp assembly to execute the clamping action. According to the invention, the clamping action is carried out while forward extension is carried out, so that high-precision operation is facilitated, and tissues can be accurately clamped; and moreover, the grabbing mechanism is integrated in the endoscope handle, so that accurate single-hand control is facilitated, meanwhile, the clamping action is controlled in a button mode, the human engineering is met, and operation is convenient.

A system includes a uterine manipulator having a shaft. The uterine manipulator is coupled with the robotic arm. An imaging instrument is operable to provide an image of an exterior of the uterus of the patient. A console includes a display screen and is configured to provide a view from the imaging instrument of the exterior of the uterus of the patient, on the display screen. The console is further configured to provide an indicator on the view from the imaging instrument, on the display screen, the indicator indicating a location of a predefined anatomical structure, the indicator being provided as an overlay on the predefined anatomical structure.

Provided is an ease-to-operate automatic flushing structure, comprising a mounting housing (2), an injector driving mechanism, and an injector clamping mechanism. The mounting housing (2) is a structure with a clamping groove on a side portion thereof, and the injector clamping mechanism is arranged on an outer side of the clamping groove. The injector driving mechanism is arranged in the mounting housing (2). Also provided is an oocyte acquisition device, comprising an acquisition device body. An automatic flushing structure is arranged on a side portion of the acquisition device body.

The utility model relates to a cervical conization knife, and belongs to the field of gynecological operation instruments. Comprising a knife handle and a detachable blade. And the front end 2 of the knife handle tilts and forms an angle with the longitudinal axis of the handheld end 1 of the knife handle. According to different angles between the longitudinal axis of the front end 2 of the scalpel handle and the longitudinal axis of the handheld end 1 of the scalpel handle, the scalpel is divided into three models of A, B and C which are respectively at angles of 27 degrees, 31 degrees and 37 degrees. The cross section of the blade body is arc-shaped, the radian is consistent with that of the cervix uteri, the arc length is 1 / 8 of the circumference of the cervix uteri, namely 1cm, the two sides of the blade are both blade faces 3, the front ends of the blade faces 3 converge to enable the blade tip 4 to be an arc-shaped triangle, the rear end 5 of the blade is a parallel blunt face, and the longitudinal axis of the blade is provided with scales 6. Compared with a traditional cold knife, the novel cervical cold knife can be applied to gynecology cervical cold knife conization, surgical operation is facilitated, a cut cone can be regular, cervical injury is reduced, and the shape and the function of the cervix are reserved to the maximum extent.

A device may include a flexible tube comprising: a distal end, a proximal tip, the proximal tip comprising a suction line extension being configured for placement in a uterine cavity of a uterus after childbirth, a tube center of the flexible tube; and at least one lumen around the tube center, the at least one lumen comprising a suction line, the suction line being in communication with a source of negative pressure and the suction line extension, the suction line extension being configured for applying the negative pressure to the uterine cavity using the source of the negative pressure thereby causing mechanical hemostasis of bleeding blood vessels of a uterine wall of the uterine cavity. Embodiments include an anchoring mechanism being proximate to the suction line extension along the flexible tube, the anchoring mechanism being configured for maintaining the suction line extension in a desired position within the uterine cavity.

The invention relates to the technical field of neurosurgical intelligent operations, and discloses a neuroendoscopic surgery intelligent puncture positioning system based on image navigation, and the system comprises a preoperative modeling module which constructs a preoperative tissue model and a corresponding elastic tensor field based on a three-dimensional medical image of a patient; the image fusion module is used for receiving the data of the preoperative modeling module, collecting intraoperative endoscopic images, predicting the tensor disturbance of tissues through a deep learning model, and feeding back the updated tensor disturbance to the tensor updating module; and the tensor updating module is in two-way communication with the image fusion module and is used for superposing tensor disturbance obtained by processing the intraoperative image with the preoperative tensor. Through fusion of an image navigation technology and preoperative modeling, a three-dimensional positioning frame based on neuroendoscopy operation requirements is constructed, intelligent planning and real-time correction of a puncture path are realized, important brain regions and vascular structures are effectively avoided, intra-operative risks are reduced, and positioning precision and safety are improved.

The invention discloses a blocking sheathing canal device for bleeding in a robot bronchoscope operation and a bronchoscope system, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The blocking sheathing canal device comprises a guide pipeline, a blocking balloon, a medium channel and a pressure device; a pipe cavity is formed in the guide pipeline, and the robot bronchoscope enters a focus position through the pipe cavity; the blocking balloon is arranged at the far end of the guiding pipeline, can expand and deform in the radial direction of the guiding pipeline in the pressure state and is used for blocking the bronchus or / and the lumen; the medium channel is arranged on the guide pipeline, the pressure device is communicated with the near end of the medium channel, and a pressure medium is injected into the plugging balloon through the medium channel; under the bleeding condition, the balloon can be rapidly inflated through the pressure device at the near end of the guide pipeline, so that the balloon is expanded and deformed to completely block the gap between the guide pipeline and the bronchus, the emergency bleeding in the robot bronchoscope operation is blocked, and the safety of the robot bronchoscope operation is improved; and popularization and application of the robot bronchoscope operation are promoted.

The invention provides a compound of formula (I), or salt thereof,wherein:A, B, C, D, W, X, Y and Z are each independently selected from H and OH; for use in a method of enhancing or improving fertility in a male or female subject, for example, a human male subject. The invention also provides a method of enhancing or improving fertility in a subject (for example a male subject) comprising administering a compound of formula (I) to the subject, and compositions that find use in such methods.

The invention discloses a thoracoscope minimally invasive cardiac surgery navigation system based on multi-modal image fusion, and the system comprises the steps: constructing a 5D heart digital twin containing an anatomical structure, a soft tissue boundary, metabolic activity and electrophysiological information through fusing preoperative CT, MRI, PET and intraoperative ultrasonic images; real-time dynamic registration is realized by using an electrocardio gating driven biomechanical model; superposing the multi-color coding navigation information to the visual field of the thoracoscope through a wavelength selection type spectroscope; a dynamic risk scoring model is constructed based on the distance, the speed and the tissue vulnerability, and three-level grading intervention is triggered; a miniature force feedback actuator is integrated to realize closed-loop control; and pre-operation virtual drilling and post-operation federal learning optimization are supported. The system remarkably improves the surgical precision and safety, and is suitable for high-difficulty heart minimally invasive surgeries such as mitral valve repair and atrial fibrillation ablation.

An anti-hemorrhaging device includes an elongate body, a flexible looped segment, a shield, and an inflatable seal. The elongate body is configured to attach to a vacuum source. The flexible looped segment is attached to the elongate body includes a plurality of holes on an inner circumference thereof. The flexible looped segment is configured to be placed in a uterus. Activation of the vacuum source is configured to pull vacuum through the plurality of holes so as to collapse the uterus upon insertion of the elongate body into the uterus. The shield is folded around an exterior circumference of the looped portion and has edges that extend radially inwards relative to the flexible looped distal section. The shield is configured to prevent tissue from occluding the plurality of holes when vacuum is applied. The inflatable seal is attached to the elongate body and is configured to seal the uterus.

The invention discloses a constipation patient defaecation device and mobile terminal integrated system based on endoscope visualization and air bag assistance, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments, the constipation patient defaecation device comprises a display terminal, a connecting line, an operating handle and a comprehensive pipe, and the two ends of the operating handle are connected with the connecting line and the comprehensive pipe respectively. According to the non-invasive, high-safety and portable constipation patient defecation device, through the integrated design of endoscope real-time visual positioning, air bag auxiliary mechanical defecation and mobile terminal data interaction, the invasive operation pain is reduced, the defecation time is shortened, the complication risk is reduced, and the constipation patient defecation efficiency is improved. The pressure sensor monitors the internal pressure of the air bag in real time and feeds back the internal pressure to the dynamic pressure upper limit module and the mobile terminal in real time, and double protection of a hardware pressure release valve and software pressure limiting is triggered when the pressure exceeds the limit. The problems of high intestinal injury risk, low treatment efficiency, limited application scene and the like caused by operation blindness, function singleness or high invasiveness in the prior art are solved.

The present application relates to a kind of snare cutting knives for endoscope, including proximal handle, tube body assembly, cutting assembly and limiting component;Proximal handle is equipped with limiting sliding slot;The proximal end of tube body assembly is connected with proximal handle, and the distal end of tube body assembly is equipped with insulating protection tube;Cutting assembly includes cutting ring and cutting head, and cutting head is set to the distal end of cutting ring;Limiting component includes sliding part and limiting control wire, sliding part is slidably arranged in limiting sliding slot, and the proximal end of limiting control wire is fixedly connected with sliding part, and sliding part is used to drive limiting control wire axial movement;When limiting control wire moves to the distal end of insulating protection tube, cutting head and insulating protection tube abut each other and are fixed;When limiting control wire exits insulating protection tube, cutting head can continue to move relative to insulating protection tube.

The invention relates to an adjustable electric intracavity cutting stitching instrument, and relates to the technical field of stitching instruments. The device comprises a handle, a rotating head, a suturing rod and a suturing head, the suturing rod is connected with the handle, the suturing rod is sleeved with an outer pipe, the handle is used for driving the outer pipe to move in the length direction of the suturing rod, and the rotating head is rotationally connected to the handle, fixed to the outer pipe and used for driving the outer pipe to drive the suturing rod to rotate. The sewing head is rotatably connected to the end, away from the handle, of the sewing rod through a rotating assembly, a driving assembly is arranged on the sewing rod, connected with the rotating assembly and used for driving the rotating assembly to rotate, a handle and a rotating motor are arranged on the rotating head, the rotating motor is connected with the driving assembly through an electromagnetic clutch, and the handle is rotatably connected to the rotating head. And the base is fixed with the driving assembly. According to the invention, manual or automatic adjustment can be carried out according to conditions so as to realize the effect of accurate control or rapid control.

The utility model discloses a magnetic traction operation field exposure system magnet adjusting structure and a traction device, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments.The magnetic traction operation field exposure system magnet adjusting structure is applied to the traction device of an endoscope and comprises a driving source and an outer magnet connected with the driving end of the driving source, and the driving source drives the outer magnet to move; the magnet is used for getting close to or away from the inner magnet to adjust the magnetic force between the inner magnet and the outer magnet. According to the magnet adjusting structure and the traction device of the magnetic traction operation field exposure system, the magnitude of magnetic force can be controlled, and traction and release in the operation process can be accurately and conveniently controlled.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical treatment, and discloses a laryngeal membrane implantation system combined with a central vein puncture device, which comprises a self-retaining laryngoscope, a hollow puncture needle, a catheter sleeved on the puncture needle, a skin expander, a metal guide wire, a central vein catheter, a non-absorbable suture and a laryngeal membrane. The puncture needle penetrates into the laryngeal cavity, and the catheter is retained. And guiding by using a metal guide wire, expanding the skin by using a skin expander, and smoothly placing into the central venous catheter. The central venous catheter is pulled out of the self-retaining laryngoscope, and the non-absorbable suture is reversely arranged along the tip of the catheter, so that the suture smoothly penetrates out of the larynx from the inside of the larynx to the outside of the larynx, the laryngeal membrane is firmly fixed on the larynx, and further adhesion of vocal cords is avoided. Components required by the invention are simple and easy to obtain. Compared with a traditional method, the method is simple and easy to operate, saves operation time and is easy to popularize nationwide.

The utility model provides a slave hand device and a surgical robot, and relates to the technical field of medical equipment. The slave hand device comprises a base, a guide assembly, a telescopic assembly and a limiting assembly. The guide assembly is connected with the base, and the telescopic assembly is connected with the guide assembly, so that the telescopic assembly and the guide assembly can be fixedly installed. One end of the telescopic assembly can be connected with the surgical instrument piece, the telescopic assembly moves relative to the guide assembly in the telescopic direction, the surgical instrument piece can also move in the telescopic direction, and therefore the surgical instrument piece can be conveniently adjusted to the designated position. The limiting assembly can limit the telescopic assembly in the telescopic direction of the telescopic assembly, and excessive stretching of the telescopic assembly in the telescopic direction can be avoided. After the guiding assembly, the telescopic assembly and the limiting assembly are assembled in advance, the guiding assembly and the limiting assembly are installed on the base, then the telescopic assembly, the guiding assembly and the limiting assembly are installed in a matched mode, and therefore the modularization degree and the integration degree of the slave manipulator device are higher.

The invention discloses a surgical tool system based on a flexible arm and a minimally invasive surgical robot, the surgical tool system comprises a flexible arm sleeve assembly and a manual driving mechanism, a distal end of the sleeve assembly is provided with a tip, the tip is at least integrated with a surgical tool and an endoscope camera, and the proximal end of the sleeve assembly is connected with the manual driving mechanism; a regulating cable for controlling the tail end of the surgical tool to move is arranged in the sleeve assembly in a penetrating manner, and the near end of the regulating cable is connected with the manual driving mechanism; a rotating module, a push-pull module and a regulation and control cable control module are arranged in the manual driving mechanism, the rotating module is used for achieving overall rotation of the cannula assembly, the push-pull module is used for achieving bending of the far end of the cannula assembly, and the regulation and control cable control module is used for tensioning / loosening a regulation and control cable to achieve opening and closing of the tail end of the surgical tool. According to the minimally invasive surgery robot, the surgical tool can rotate, bend and open and close the tail end under the control of the manual driving mechanism, the minimally invasive surgery operation requirement is met, the minimally invasive surgery robot has multiple degrees of freedom, and the surgical tool can conveniently reach a deeper surgery area.

The invention provides an endoscope anastomat stroke compensation method which can be applied to the technical field of medical instruments. A deflection system of the endoscope anastomat comprises a first stroke sensor, a percussion system of the endoscope anastomat comprises a second stroke sensor, and the method comprises the steps that the first stroke sensor is used for detecting the bending angle of a flexible knife handle in a bending joint in the cutting process; based on the bending angle, the change of the length of the flexible knife handle in the bending joint is calculated, and the forward moving amount of the cutting knife is obtained; a second stroke sensor is used for detecting the current stroke of a driving device at the rear end of the anastomat; and based on the cutting knife forward movement amount and the preset stroke of the anastomat rear-end driving device, the current stroke of the anastomat rear-end driving device is adjusted so as to compensate the stroke of the endoscope anastomat. By arranging the stroke sensor, measuring the forward moving amount of the cutting knife and the current stroke of the driving device at the rear end of the anastomat, and compensating the stroke of the endoscope anastomat, the anastomosis length of the anastomat at various bending angles is stable and consistent, the anastomosis frequency is reduced, and the use cost is reduced.

The utility model discloses a flexible surgical instrument and an instrument driving device thereof, a motor barrel of the instrument driving device is provided with a clamping hook assembly, and the clamping hook assembly comprises a first motor, a linkage disc, two clamping pins and two connecting rods, the bayonet lock is configured to be capable of moving between a clamping state and a clamping releasing state relative to the first clamping groove on the side of the flexible instrument device; the output end of the first motor is in transmission connection with the linkage disc so as to drive the linkage disc to rotate; one ends of the two connecting rods are rotationally connected with the linkage disc, and the other ends of the two connecting rods are rotationally connected with the two clamping pins respectively; and the central positions of the two connecting rods, which are rotationally connected with the linkage disc, are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotating center of the linkage disc. Under the driving of the first motor, the two clamping pins are synchronously driven to move based on the crank sliding block mechanism, and clamping connection of the clamping pins is achieved. And when the flexible instrument device needs to be disassembled, the first motor can drive the bayonet lock to rotate to a clamping releasing state, and good operability is achieved.

The utility model provides an automatic filling device and a biological tissue transferring and filling device, and the automatic filling device comprises one or more negative pressure ports which are arranged on one wall of the automatic filling device, the one or more negative pressure ports are connected with liquid or air to be sucked through one or more sleeves; and the negative pressure device is used for filling liquid or air into the one or more sleeves through the one or more negative pressure ports. According to the casing pipe filling device, the casing pipe filling efficiency is effectively improved, and the casing pipe filling complexity is reduced.

According to the anastomosis nail releasing device and the suturing device, a driving assembly, a needle pushing plate and a containing cavity used for containing anastomosis nails in the anastomosis nail releasing device are sequentially stacked, that is, the needle pushing plate serves as a boundary, so that structures between the driving assembly and the containing cavity do not interfere with each other, on one hand, no other structures exist in the containing cavity, and on the other hand, no other structures exist in the containing cavity; therefore, the containing cavity can contain larger anastomosis nails, the larger anastomosis nails can penetrate through thick human tissue, even if the containing cavity can contain anastomosis nails of various sizes, the application range of the product is widened, and the product can be applied to more operation scenes. On the other hand, no other structure is arranged in the cavity for installing the driving assembly, so that enough space is provided for installing the driving assembly with a complex structure or a large size, the driving assembly has strong driving force, and the anastomosis nail driven by the driving assembly can more effectively penetrate through the human tissue; therefore, effectiveness and reliability of product sewing are guaranteed.

The utility model provides a slave hand device and a surgical robot, and relates to the technical field of medical equipment. The slave hand device comprises a containing arm, a telescopic arm and a button assembly. And the telescopic arm is connected with the accommodating arm, so that the telescopic arm and the accommodating arm are fixedly mounted. One end of the telescopic arm can be connected with the puncture cylinder, the telescopic arm extends or retracts relative to the containing arm, the distance between the puncture cylinder connected to the telescopic arm and the containing arm can be adjusted, and therefore the puncture cylinder can be conveniently adjusted to the designated position. The supporting part in the telescopic arm is arranged in the shell, so that the supporting part can be supported on the inner wall of the shell, and the whole telescopic arm has better structural strength. The button assembly is arranged on the supporting part, so that the supporting part can support and mount the button assembly, and the supporting part has better structural strength, so that the structural stability is better when the button assembly is arranged on the supporting part.

Robotic surgical systems configured to control the movement and actuation of a single robotic arm, and the movement and actuation of first and second tools carried in a tool holder at a distal end of the robotic arm.

The negative pressure suction sheath comprises a sheath tube, a negative pressure connector and an expander, the negative pressure connector comprises a main channel cavity and a negative pressure suction channel cavity located on one side of the main channel cavity, the near end of the sheath tube is connected with the far end of the main channel cavity, and the expander is inserted from the near end of the main channel cavity and extends out of the far end of the sheath tube. The main channel cavity is detachably connected with the main channel cavity; a side channel opening is formed in one side of the main channel cavity, and the negative pressure suction channel cavity communicates with the side channel opening. The cavity wall of the main channel cavity is further provided with a pressure adjusting opening, the pressure adjusting opening corresponds to the side channel opening or is located at the end, away from the sheathing canal, of the side channel opening, the negative pressure in the sheathing canal can be adjusted by adjusting the opening size of the pressure adjusting opening, and therefore an operator does not need to leave to adjust the negative pressure device to adjust the suction force in the sheathing canal. The negative pressure in the sheathing canal can be adjusted only by adjusting the size of the pressure adjusting opening in the handheld negative pressure connector.

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a pair of anti-slip rotatable bent three-blade forceps with a suction function for laparoscopic surgery, which comprises a forceps seat, blades, an opening mechanism, a forceps tube, a rotating mechanism, an inner tube, a rotating wheel, a pull rod, a pull wire, a handle and a suction tube, the blade is connected with the clamp seat through an opening mechanism, a rotating opening is formed in the head end of the clamp pipe, the clamp seat is installed on the rotating opening, the inner pipe is located in a pipe cavity of the clamp pipe, a rotating hole is formed in the tail end of the clamp pipe, the inner pipe penetrates through the rotating hole, the head end of the inner pipe is connected with the clamp seat through a rotating mechanism, and the rotating axis of the clamp seat is perpendicular to the rotating axis of the inner pipe. The utility model has the advantages that the front end of the blade is provided with the arc-shaped hook claw, so that deep pelvic tissues can be firmly grasped, and slipping can be effectively avoided; the rotating wheel is operated to adjust the angle of the clamp seat at the rotating opening through the inner pipe and the rotating mechanism, so that the traction effect of the blades is improved; a special suction channel is arranged in the forceps tube and used for sucking smoke, blood and interstitial fluid generated in the operation process.

The embodiments of the present specification provide a clip device. The clip device comprises a sheath, a clip arm and a receiving tube, the receiving tube is releasably connected with the sheath, the clip arm comprises at least two clamping parts, the proximal ends of the at least two clamping parts are movably arranged in the receiving tube, the clip arm is opened when the clip arm moves distally relative to the receiving tube, the clip arm is closed when the clip arm moves proximally relative to the receiving tube, and the receiving tube is further used for locking the clip arm.

The invention relates to the technical field of medical apparatus and instruments, in particular to a pressure sensing ureter guiding sheath which comprises a flexible sheath tube body provided with a near-end operation section and a far-end intervention section. The annular pressure sensing array is formed by equidistantly arranging a plurality of piezoresistive sensors along the circumferential direction of the far-end intervention section, and is used for monitoring the ureter wall contact pressure in real time; the signal processing module is integrated on the near-end operation section and is used for carrying out dynamic noise filtering and baseline calibration on the pressure signals from the annular pressure sensing array; and the display screen is connected to the signal processing module and is used for displaying the pressure distribution of the annular pressure sensing array in real time. The scheme is used for solving the problem of mechanical trauma caused by inappropriate size selection, pathological or physiological stenosis and the like in the sheathing canal implantation process in the prior art, and real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the ureter wall contact pressure are realized, so that the surgical risk is reduced, and the surgical success rate is improved.

The utility model discloses a hand-operated wrench assembly, a hand-operated knife return device and an electric anastomat, the hand-operated wrench assembly comprises a hand-operated wrench handle, a hand-operated wrench shaft sleeve and a hand-operated wrench rotating shaft, and the hand-operated knife return device comprises a hand-operated wrench assembly, a knife return gear shaft, a knife return transmission gear, a motor gear and a rack. The tool retracting gear shaft and the tool retracting transmission gear can be driven to move upwards by rotating the manual wrench assembly, the tool retracting transmission gear is separated from the motor gear, the rack can be driven to retract through the tool retracting transmission gear by continuously rotating the manual wrench assembly, manual tool retracting is achieved, and the electric anastomat comprises a manual tool returning device. By means of the mode, when the electric gear is rotated upwards through the lower half section of the wrench assembly, the middle section of the wrench is kept static, the tool retracting transmission gear can be easily pulled out, the wrench is further used as a torsion input tool after being pulled out, manual tool retracting is achieved, operation difficulty and failure risks are reduced, large torque is generated with small force, and the tool retracting transmission gear can be pulled out easily. And rapid manual tool retracting is achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of medical operation equipment, in particular to integrated abdominal tumor closed rotary cutting equipment based on pneumatic control and a rotary cutting method thereof.The integrated abdominal tumor closed rotary cutting equipment comprises a shell, and a sleeve is arranged at the right end of the shell; the air bag is arranged at the right end of the sleeve and comprises a fixing ring connected with the sleeve, an air channel fixed to the fixing ring and bag cloth, and an elastic rubber strip is fixed to the outer side of an opening in the right end of the air bag; the rotatable knife tube is arranged in the shell and extends into the sleeve, and a rotating assembly for driving the shell to rotate is arranged in the shell; the air inflation assembly is arranged in the shell and used for inflating the air bag; and the clamping jaw part of the grasping forceps can extend into the sleeve from one end of the shell and penetrate through the air bag to extend into the abdominal cavity of the patient. One person can independently complete the whole process from hermetically wrapping the tumor to taking out the air bag and the residual tumor, and the rotary cutting starting and stopping time and the air bag pressure relief node are automatically controlled, so that more efficient and safer laparoscopic surgery can be completed with less manpower.