Automatic lifting tower crane structure

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of tower cranes, and particularly relates to an automatic jacking tower crane structure. It includes a jacking frame fixed to the lower end of the tower crane's slewing platform, hydraulic cylinders A, guide wheels, tower sections, and a jacking mechanism. Two horizontally extending hydraulic cylinders A, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the platform, are installed on the jacking frame, nested within the tower sections. The ends of the two hydraulic cylinders A are equipped with push plates that horizontally pull the tower sections, hoisted to the platform by a trolley, into the jacking frame. In this invention, the two hydraulic cylinders A, through the push plates, automatically pull the tower sections hoisted to the platform by the trolley into the jacking frame. After the tower sections are pulled into the jacking frame, an electric push rod B pushes a corresponding locking block into a locking groove on a corresponding fixing block A to secure and lock the tower sections. Simultaneously, the reciprocating oscillation of the hydraulic cylinder B during its jacking of the slewing platform is completed by the electric push rod A, achieving a certain degree of unmanned operation and providing effective technical support for the subsequent intelligent and unmanned operation of tower cranes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tower cranes, and in particular relates to an automatic lifting tower crane structure. Background Art

[0002] Tower crane, also known as tower crane for short, originated in Western Europe. It is a rotating crane with a boom mounted on the top of a tall tower. It has a large working space and is mainly used for vertical and horizontal transportation of materials and installation of building components in house construction. It consists of three parts: metal structure, working mechanism and electrical system. The metal structure includes the tower, boom and base. The working mechanism has four parts: lifting, luffing, slewing and traveling.

[0003] The tower crane needs a jacking device to lift and raise it during use. During the operation, workers need to perform auxiliary operations such as pulling the tower section in the jacking frame and fixing it with bolts on the jacking platform, which is inefficient. Before the jacking frame is raised, workers are required to cooperate in adjusting the position of the lifting trolley to balance the tower frame. This process is cumbersome and time-consuming. Before the balance adjustment, the gap between the 16 guide wheels on the jacking frame and the tower section needs to be adjusted to 2 mm to 5 mm, otherwise it is very easy to get stuck due to inaccurate or deformed production shape of the tower section during jacking, which increases the lifting resistance of the hydraulic cylinder. In addition, due to the gap between the guide wheel and the tower section, shaking will occur during the jacking process due to inadequate balance adjustment.

[0004] The balance adjustment before jacking and the gap adjustment between the guide wheel and the tower section need to be carried out strictly in accordance with the operating procedures. For the intelligent unmanned jacking of the tower crane, its efficiency is low.

[0005] The present invention designs an automatic lifting tower crane structure to solve the above problems and provide technical support for subsequent intelligent unmanned operation. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the present invention discloses an automatic lifting tower crane structure, which is realized by adopting the following technical solutions.

[0007] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the directions or positional relationships in which the invention product is usually placed when in use, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed or operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0008] The invention discloses an automatic tower crane structure, comprising a jacking frame fixedly mounted on the lower end of a slewing table of the tower crane, a hydraulic cylinder A, a push plate, an outer sleeve, an inner rod, a spring A, a guide wheel, a guide seat, a limit rod A, an electric push rod A, a tower section, a clamping plate, an electric push rod B, and an upper jacking mechanism, wherein the jacking frame embedded in the tower section is provided with two hydraulic cylinders A symmetrically distributed on both sides of the platform and horizontally retractable, and push plates are installed at the ends of the two hydraulic cylinders A for horizontally pulling the tower section hoisted to the platform by a lifting trolley into the jacking frame; the jacking frame is hinged with two upper jacking mechanisms symmetrically distributed on both sides of the platform for jacking the slewing table upward and effectively limiting the swing of the jacking frame relative to the tower section; the upper jacking mechanism is driven by the electric push rod A on the jacking frame to swing and cooperate with the clamping grooves of the corresponding two clamping plates on the tower section; a structure is provided between the jacking frame and the tower section for preventing the jacking frame from descending relative to the tower section when the jacking frame is jacked to half the height of the tower section.

[0009] Two layers of outer sleeves are installed on the inner side of the jacking frame, and each layer has eight symmetrical outer sleeves; in each outer sleeve, an inner rod is slid in a direction perpendicular to the side of the jacking frame and a spring A is installed to reset the movement of the inner rod, and a guide wheel is installed at the end of the inner rod to abut against the side wall of the jacking frame; the limit groove A on the wall of each inner rod corresponds to the limit rod A, and the limit rod A slides vertically in the slide groove A of the guide seat on the jacking frame, and each limit rod A is connected to the inner rod where the guide wheel is located; the tower section and the turntable and the tower sections are locked and fixed by a specific locking structure driven by the electric push rod B on the jacking frame, and this structure is unlocked manually.

[0010] During the jacking process, the forces acting on the two relative guide wheels will increase simultaneously due to the sudden increase in the external dimensions of the tower section they pass through, and the corresponding two inner rods will simultaneously undergo a slight contraction, thereby driving the limit rods A connected thereto to instantly release the contraction restrictions on the corresponding inner rods, so that the two relative guide wheels will not get stuck because they pass over the part with increased external dimensions on the tower section; when the jacking frame swings relative to the tower section due to the imbalance between the balance arm and the lifting arm, the slight contraction of the inner rod where the guide wheel subjected to increased force is located will drive the limit rod A corresponding to the relative guide wheel to release the contraction restrictions on the corresponding inner rod and effectively limit the large swing of the jacking frame relative to the tower section.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present technology, the teeth on the limit rod A mesh with the gear B installed in the corresponding guide seat, and the gear A installed on the shaft where the gear B is located meshes with the rack installed on the relative inner rod; two guide blocks A are symmetrically installed on the inner rod, and the two guide blocks A slide in the two guide grooves A on the inner wall of the corresponding outer sleeve respectively; the spring A is a compression spring. The cooperation between the guide block A and the guide groove A plays a guiding role in the sliding of the inner rod in the outer sleeve.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present technology, the lifting mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder B, a shoulder pole beam, a lift pin, a lift plate, and a spring B, wherein the ends of two hydraulic cylinders B, whose upper ends are connected to the lifting frame ball joints and are parallel to each other, are hinged with a shoulder pole beam, and two cylindrical lift pins are symmetrically installed at both ends of the shoulder pole beam that cooperate with the grooves of the clamping plate on the tower section; the middle part of the shoulder pole beam has a lift plate that cooperates with the corresponding electric push rod A; a high elastic coefficient spring B is installed between the two hydraulic cylinders B to limit the change in the distance between the two; the spring B is a compression spring.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present technology, the inner rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding rack through a guide rod, and the guide rod slides horizontally in the guide rail on the top sleeve. The ratio of the pitch circle diameter of the gear A to the corresponding gear B is less than 1, ensuring that the inner rod can drive the corresponding limit rod A to quickly disengage the limit groove A on the inner rod corresponding to the relative guide wheel through a series of transmissions when the inner rod undergoes a very small displacement.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present technology, a total of eight blocks are installed on the inner side of the jacking frame through a swing pin hinge, and each swing pin is embedded with a vortex spring for swinging and resetting the corresponding block; eight swing limit blocks are installed on the jacking frame, which correspond one-to-one with the blocks and are used to prevent the blocks from swinging upward from a horizontal state; the blocks cooperate with the corresponding support blocks on the tower section.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present technology, the lower end of the turntable or the lower end of the tower section has four symmetrical fixed blocks A, and the upper end of the tower section has four fixed blocks B corresponding to the fixed blocks A thereon; a sliding rod slides horizontally in the sliding groove B on each fixed block B, and a spring C for resetting it is nested on the sliding rod; a sliding sleeve slides vertically in the sliding groove C on the inner wall of the sliding groove B, and a limit rod B that cooperates with the upper limit groove B of the corresponding sliding rod slides vertically in the sliding sleeve and is installed with a spring D for resetting the limit rod B; a screw that rotates with the sliding sleeve is screwed into the threaded hole at the bottom of the sliding groove C, and a manual knob is provided at the end of the screw; the two wedge-shaped locking blocks on the sliding rod A respectively cooperate with the two wedge-shaped locking grooves of the corresponding fixed block A on the upper adjacent tower section or turntable.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present technology, the spring C and the spring D are both compression springs; the spring C is located in the annular groove of the inner wall of the corresponding slide groove B; one end of the spring C is connected to the inner wall of the annular groove, and the other end is connected to the compression spring ring installed on the corresponding slide rod; the two guide blocks B symmetrically installed on the limit rod B slide in the two guide grooves B on the inner wall of the corresponding slide sleeve respectively. The cooperation between the guide block B and the guide groove B guides the sliding of the limit rod B in the slide sleeve while ensuring that the limit rod B can be driven to disengage from the limit groove B on the slide rod by manually rotating the screw rod, so as to manually release the restriction of the limit rod B on the slide rod.

[0017] Compared with the traditional tower crane lifting structure, the two hydraulic cylinders A in the present invention can automatically pull the tower section hoisted to the platform by the pushing plate into the lifting frame, and after the tower section is pulled into the lifting frame, the electric push rod B pushes the corresponding locking block to insert into the locking groove on the corresponding fixed block A to fasten and lock the tower section. At the same time, the reciprocating swing of the hydraulic cylinder B in the process of lifting the turntable is completed by the electric push rod A, realizing a certain degree of unmanned operation, and providing effective technical support for the subsequent intelligent unmanned operation of the tower crane.

[0018] The 16 guide wheels in the present invention always keep close contact with the tower section due to the transmission connection between any two relative telescopic structures where the guide wheels are located, and there is no need to adjust the gap between the guide wheels and the tower section before jacking, which saves working procedures and has high efficiency. The transmission connection between any two relative telescopic structures where the guide wheels are located can effectively prevent the turntable from shaking relative to the tower section of the tower body due to the imbalance between the balance arm and the lifting arm during the lifting process. At the same time, the transmission connection between any two relative telescopic structures where the guide wheels are located ensures that the tower section with an inaccurate or deformed appearance will not get stuck with the guide wheels during the jacking process, thereby realizing the effective heightening and jacking of the tower crane.

[0019] The present invention does not need to manually adjust the tower body precisely and balance it before jacking, and does not need to adjust the gap between the guide wheel and the tower section, thereby reducing the number of working steps and effectively improving the jacking efficiency.

[0020] The invention has a simple structure and good use effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tower crane.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the coordination of the jacking frame and tower sections.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the coordination between eight guide wheels and tower sections on the same level of the jacking frame.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cooperation between the two relative guide wheels and the tower section on the jacking frame.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the coordination of the jacking frame, telescopic structure, guide wheel and tower section.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional diagram of the coordination of the jacking frame, hydraulic cylinder A, push rod and tower section.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the coordination of two adjacent tower sections.

[0028] Figure 8It is a cross-sectional diagram of the coordination of the tower section and the turntable.

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of hydraulic cylinders B on both sides of the tower section.

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the jacking frame, paired hydraulic cylinders B, shoulder pole beams and tower sections.

[0031] Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional diagram of the coordination of the jacking frame, swing shaft, clamping block, supporting block and tower section.

[0032] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the tower section and its two local sections.

[0033] Fig.13 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the transmission cooperation between two telescopic structures.

[0034] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of a pair of hydraulic cylinders B and a shoulder pole beam.

[0035] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the guide seat.

[0036] Fig.16 It is a cross-sectional diagram of the screw, sleeve, limit rod B and slide rod.

[0037] Names of the numbers in the figure: 1. slewing table; 2. balance arm; 3. lifting arm; 4. lifting trolley; 5. lifting frame; 6. platform; 7. hydraulic cylinder A; 8. push plate; 9. lifting mechanism; 10. outer sleeve; 11. guide groove A; 12. inner rod; 13. limit groove A; 14. guide block A; 15. spring A; 16. guide wheel; 17. guide seat; 18. slide groove A; 19. limit rod A; 20. gear B; 21. gear A; 22. rack; 23. guide rod; 24. swing shaft; 25. block; 26. vortex spring; 27. swing limit block; 28. hydraulic cylinder B ; 29. ​​Shoulder pole beam; 30. Top pin; 31. Top plate; 32. Spring B; 33. Electric push rod A; 34. Tower section; 35. Support block; 36. Clamp plate; 37. Fixed block A; 38. Locking groove; 39. Fixed block B; 40. Slide groove B; 41. Ring groove; 42. Slide groove C; 43. Threaded hole; 44. Slide rod; 45. Spring C; 46. Compression spring ring; 47. Locking block; 48. Sleeve; 49. Guide groove B; 50. Limit rod B; 51. Guide block B; 52. Spring D; 53. Screw; 54. Electric push rod B; 55. Limit groove B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The accompanying drawings are schematic diagrams of the present invention, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the operating principle of the structure. The specific product structure and proportional dimensions can be determined according to the use environment combined with conventional technology.

[0039] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in FIG. 3 , it includes a lifting frame 5 fixedly mounted on the lower end of the tower crane slewing table 1, a hydraulic cylinder A7, a push plate 8, an outer sleeve 10, an inner rod 12, a spring A15, a guide wheel 16, a guide seat 17, a limit rod A19, an electric push rod A33, a tower section 34, a clamping plate 36, an electric push rod B54, and an upper lifting mechanism 9, wherein as Figure 1 , 6 As shown, the jacking frame 5 nested in the tower section 34 is equipped with two hydraulic cylinders A7 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the platform 6 and horizontally retractable, and the ends of the two hydraulic cylinders A7 are equipped with push plates 8 that horizontally pull the tower section 34 lifted to the platform 6 by the lifting trolley 4 into the jacking frame 5; Fig. 9 , 10 As shown in FIG. 14 , the jacking frame 5 is hinged with two upper jacking mechanisms 9 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the platform 6 for lifting the turntable 1 upward and effectively limiting the swing of the jacking frame 5 relative to the tower section 34; Fig. 9 , 10 As shown in 12, the upper jacking mechanism 9 is driven by the electric push rod A33 on the jacking frame 5 to swing and cooperate with the corresponding two card slots 36 on the tower section 34; Fig.10 , 11 As shown in FIG. 12 , there is a structure between the lifting frame 5 and the tower section 34 to prevent the lifting frame 5 from descending relative to the tower section 34 when the lifting frame 5 is lifted to half the height of the tower section 34 .

[0040] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in FIG. 4 , two layers of outer jackets 10 are installed on the inner side of the jacking frame 5, and each layer has eight symmetrical outer jackets 10; Figure 5 , 13 As shown in Figures 1 and 15, each outer sleeve 10 is provided with an inner rod 12 which slides in a direction perpendicular to the side of the lifting frame 5 and is provided with a spring A15 for resetting the movement of the inner rod 12. A guide wheel 16 which abuts against the side wall of the lifting frame 5 is provided at the end of the inner rod 12. The limiting groove A13 on the wall surface of each inner rod 12 is matched with a limiting rod A19, and the limiting rod A19 vertically slides in a slide groove A18 of a guide seat 17 on the lifting frame 5. Each limiting rod A19 is connected to the inner rod 12 where the guide wheel 16 is located. Figure 7 , 8 As shown in 16, the tower section 34 and the turntable 1 as well as the tower sections 34 and the tower sections 34 are locked and fixed by a specific locking structure driven by the electric push rod B54 on the jacking frame 5, and this structure is unlocked manually.

[0041] like Figure 4 , 13As shown, during the jacking process, the forces acting on the two relative guide wheels 16 will increase simultaneously due to the sudden increase in the external dimensions of the tower section 34 through which they pass, and the corresponding two inner rods 12 will shrink slightly at the same time, thereby driving the limit rods A19 connected thereto to instantly release the shrinkage restrictions on the corresponding inner rods 12, so that the two relative guide wheels 16 will not get stuck due to passing over the part with increased external dimensions on the tower section 34; when the jacking frame 5 swings relative to the tower section 34 due to the imbalance between the balance arm 2 and the lifting arm 3, the slight contraction of the inner rod 12 on which the guide wheel 16 subjected to increased force is located will drive the limit rods A19 corresponding to the relative guide wheel 16 to release the shrinkage restrictions on the corresponding inner rods 12 and effectively limit the large swing of the jacking frame 5 relative to the tower section 34.

[0042] like Figure 5 , 13 As shown, the teeth on the limit rod A19 mesh with the gear B20 installed in the corresponding guide seat 17, and the gear A21 installed on the shaft where the gear B20 is located meshes with the rack 22 installed on the relative inner rod 12; two guide blocks A14 are symmetrically installed on the inner rod 12, and the two guide blocks A14 slide in the two guide grooves A11 on the inner wall of the corresponding outer sleeve 10 respectively; the spring A15 is a compression spring. The cooperation between the guide block A14 and the guide groove A11 plays a guiding role in the sliding of the inner rod 12 in the outer sleeve 10.

[0043] like Fig.10 , 12 As shown in Figure 14, the lifting mechanism 9 includes a hydraulic cylinder B28, a shoulder pole beam 29, a lift pin 30, a lift plate 31, and a spring B32, wherein the ends of the two hydraulic cylinders B28, whose upper ends are ball-jointed with the lifting frame 5 and are parallel to each other, are hinged with a shoulder pole beam 29, and two cylindrical lift pins 30 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the shoulder pole beam 29 and cooperate with the grooves of the clamping plate 36 on the tower section 34; the middle part of the shoulder pole beam 29 has a lift plate 31 that cooperates with the corresponding electric push rod A33; a high elastic coefficient spring B32 is installed between the two hydraulic cylinders B28 to limit the change of the distance between the two; the spring B32 is a compression spring.

[0044] like Fig.13 As shown, the inner rod 12 is fixedly connected to the corresponding rack 22 through a guide rod 23, and the guide rod 23 slides horizontally in the guide rail on the top sleeve. The ratio of the pitch circle diameter of the gear A21 to the corresponding gear B20 is less than 1, ensuring that the inner rod 12 can drive the corresponding limit rod A19 to quickly disengage the limit groove A13 on the inner rod 12 corresponding to the relative guide wheel 16 through a series of transmissions when it undergoes a very small displacement.

[0045] like Fig.10 , 11As shown in FIG. 12 , a total of eight blocks 25 are hingedly installed on the inner side of the lifting frame 5 through a swing pin, and each swing pin is embedded with a vortex spring 26 for swinging and resetting the corresponding block 25; eight swing limit blocks 27 are installed on the lifting frame 5, which correspond to the blocks 25 one by one and are used to prevent the blocks 25 from swinging upward from a horizontal state; the blocks 25 cooperate with the corresponding support blocks 35 on the tower section 34.

[0046] like Figure 8 , 12 As shown in 16, the lower end of the turntable 1 or the lower end of the tower section 34 has four symmetrical fixed blocks A37, and the upper end of the tower section 34 has four fixed blocks B39 corresponding to the fixed blocks A37 thereon; a slide rod 44 slides horizontally in the slide groove B40 on each fixed block B39, and a spring C45 for resetting the slide rod 44 is nested on the slide rod 44; a sleeve 48 slides vertically in the slide groove C42 on the inner wall of the slide groove B40, and a limit rod B50 that cooperates with the upper limit groove B55 on the corresponding slide rod 44 slides vertically in the slide sleeve 48, and a spring D52 for resetting the limit rod B50 is installed; a screw rod 53 that rotatably cooperates with the sleeve 48 is screwed into the threaded hole 43 at the bottom of the slide groove C42, and a manual knob is provided at the end of the screw rod 53; the two wedge-shaped locking blocks 47 on the slide rod 44A respectively cooperate with the two wedge-shaped locking grooves 38 of the corresponding fixed block A37 on the upper adjacent tower section 34 or the turntable 1. The cooperation between the wedge-shaped locking groove 38 and the wedge-shaped locking block 47 ensures that the locking block 47 can be tightly inserted into the locking groove 38 without shaking, thereby ensuring the tight locking and fixation between the turntable 1 and the tower section 34 or between the tower sections 34 .

[0047] like Fig.16 As shown, the spring C45 and the spring D52 are both compression springs; the spring C45 is located in the annular groove 41 on the inner wall of the corresponding slide groove B40; one end of the spring C45 is connected to the inner wall of the annular groove 41, and the other end is connected to the compression spring ring 46 installed on the corresponding slide rod 44; the two guide blocks B51 symmetrically installed on the limit rod B50 slide in the two guide grooves B49 on the inner wall of the corresponding slide sleeve 48 respectively. The cooperation between the guide block B51 and the guide groove B49 guides the sliding of the limit rod B50 in the slide sleeve 48, and ensures that the limit rod B50 can be driven to disengage from the limit groove B55 on the slide rod 44 by manually rotating the screw rod 53, so as to manually release the restriction of the limit rod B50 on the slide rod 44.

[0048] The electric push rod A33, the electric push rod B54, the hydraulic cylinder A7 and the hydraulic cylinder B28 in the present invention all adopt the existing technology.

[0049] The working process of the present invention is as follows: in the initial state, the turntable 1 and the tower section 34 are in a locked state, any two adjacent tower sections 34 are in a locked state, the lock block 47 is tightly inserted into the corresponding lock groove 38, the limit rod B50 is inserted into the limit groove B55 on the corresponding slide rod 44, the spring C45 and the spring D52 are in a compressed state, and all the electric push rods B54 are in a retracted state. The shoulder beam 29 in each upper lifting mechanism 9 is in a drooping state, the lifting pin 30 on the shoulder beam 29 is out of the slot of the clamping plate 36 on the tower section 34, the hydraulic cylinder B28 is in the shortest retracted state, and the two electric push rods A33 are in a retracted state. The eight clamping blocks 25 are all overlapped on the corresponding support blocks 35 on a certain tower section 34, and the vortex spring 26 is in a compressed state. The two hydraulic cylinders A7 are in the shortest retracted state, and the push plate 8 is against the side of the top tower section 34. The 16 guide wheels 16 are all against the side wall of the tower section 34 and the elastic forces generated by all the springs A15 are equal. All the limiting rods A19 are inserted into the limiting grooves A13 on the corresponding inner rods 12.

[0050] When the tower body needs to be lifted and raised, the two hydraulic cylinders A7 are first driven to extend to the limit length, so that the distance between the push rod and the side wall of the lifting frame 5 can accommodate the next tower section 34. At the same time, the two electric push rods A33 are started, and the two electric push rods A33 respectively push the two push pins 30 on the shoulder beam 29 in the corresponding lifting mechanism 9 to move in the direction of the slots on the corresponding clamping plate 36. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinders B28 in the two lifting mechanisms 9 are started to extend, so that the push pins 30 in the two lifting mechanisms 9 enter the slots on the corresponding clamping plate 36 respectively, and the electric push rods A33 are started to retract to the initial state.

[0051] Then, the turntable 1 and the tower section 34 are unlocked by manually rotating the four screws 53 on the top tower section 34 in sequence. The screws 53 drive the limit rods B50 to disengage from the limit grooves B55 on the corresponding slide rods 44 through the corresponding sliding sleeves 48 and the guide blocks B51. The slide rods 44 drive the corresponding two locking blocks 47 to instantly pop out of the two locking grooves 38 on the corresponding fixed blocks A37 under the action of the corresponding springs C45 and complete the unlocking between the turntable 1 and the tower section 34. After unlocking, the unlocked screws 53 are rotated in the opposite direction, so that the screws 53 drive the corresponding limit rods B50 to abut against the side walls of the corresponding slide rods 44, and the springs D52 are further compressed.

[0052] After the turntable 1 and the tower section 34 are unlocked, the hydraulic cylinders B28 in the two lifting mechanisms 9 are started to extend, so that the lifting frame 5 moves vertically upward relative to the tower section 34, and each block 25 is separated from the corresponding support block 35. The sixteen guide wheels 16 rotate under the action of the tower section 34 to reduce the rising resistance of the lifting frame 5.

[0053] When the lifting frame 5 rises to half the height of the tower section 34, each block 25 meets the new support block 35 again and swings down under the action of the corresponding support block 35, and then swings up over the support block 35 under the reset action of the corresponding vortex spring 26. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder B28 in the lifting mechanism 9 begins to shrink, and the lifting frame 5 falls back a small distance and stops moving because the block 25 overlaps the support block 35. During the retraction process of the hydraulic cylinder B28, the ejector pin 30 in the lifting mechanism 9 is separated from the slot on the card plate 36, and the hydraulic rod B drives the shoulder beam 29 to return to the drooping state. When the hydraulic cylinder B28 retracts to about half the length of the tower section 34, it returns to the initial state, and the two ejector pins 30 on the shoulder beam 29 of the lifting mechanism 9 are opposite to the new card plate 36. At this time, the two electric push rods A33 and the hydraulic cylinder B28 are started to extend at the same time, and the two electric push rods A33 swing the shoulder beam 29 in the corresponding lifting mechanism 9 to the new card plate 36 again. When the ejector pin 30 enters the slot on the clamping plate 36, the electric push rod A33 is retracted to the initial state. As the hydraulic cylinder B28 continues to extend, the jacking frame 5 moves vertically upward relative to the tower section 34 again.

[0054] When the lifting frame 5 rises again to half the height of the tower section 34, each block 25 meets the new support block 35 again and swings down under the action of the corresponding support block 35, and then swings up over the support block 35 under the reset action of the corresponding vortex spring 26. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder B28 in the lifting mechanism 9 is retracted again, and the lifting frame 5 falls back a small distance and stops moving because the block 25 overlaps the support block 35. During the retraction process of the hydraulic cylinder B28, the lifting pin 30 in the lifting mechanism 9 is separated from the upper groove of the clamping plate 36, and the hydraulic rod B drives the shoulder beam 29 to return to the drooping state again.

[0055] At this time, the distance between the turntable 1 and the topmost tower section 34 is just the height of one tower section 34. The new tower section 34 is lifted onto the platform 6 by the lifting trolley 4 and the two hydraulic cylinders A7 are started to retract. The two hydraulic cylinders A7 drive the tower section 34 on the platform 6 to be pulled into the lifting frame 5 under the turntable 1 through the push plate 8.

[0056] When the tower section 34 on the platform 6 is completely pulled into the jacking frame 5 and completely docked with the lower tower section 34, the locking groove 38 of the fixed block A37 on the new tower section 34 is just opposite to the corresponding locking block 47 on the lower tower section 34, and the locking block 47 on the new tower section 34 is just opposite to the locking groove 38 on the corresponding fixed block A37 on the turntable 1. At this time, all the electric push rods B54 are driven to extend, and the electric push rods B54 push the corresponding slide rods 44 to move, and the slide rods 44 drive the corresponding two locking blocks 47 to be tightly inserted into the locking groove 38 of the corresponding fixed block A37. The limiting rod B50 is instantly inserted into the limiting groove B55 on the slide rod 44 under the action of the corresponding spring D52 and completes the locking of the position of the locking block 47 in the locking groove 38, thereby completing the fastening of the turntable 1 and the new tower section 34 and the new tower section 34 and the lower tower section 34.

[0057] During the lifting process, if the balance arm 2 and the lifting arm 3 on the tower top are not in a balanced state, the lifting frame 5 will have a swinging tendency relative to the tower section 34 due to the unbalanced moment, and the guide wheel 16 on the side with small moment will receive an increased lateral pressure from the tower section 34, while the guide wheel 16 on the side with large moment will receive a reduced lateral pressure from the tower section 34. The guide wheel 16 with increased force drives the corresponding inner rod 12 to shrink a small distance into the outer sleeve 10, and then stops because the limit rod A19 reaches the limit movement in the limit groove A13. The moving inner rod 12 drives the limit rod A19 corresponding to the inner rod 12 where the guide wheel 16 with reduced force on the opposite side is located to quickly disengage from the limit groove A13 and release the movement restriction of the inner rod 12 corresponding to the guide wheel 16 with reduced force through the corresponding guide rod 23, rack 22, gear A21 and gear B20.

[0058] The inner rod 12 corresponding to the guide wheel 16 on the side subjected to increased force stops moving after generating a small movement and prevents the jacking frame 5 from swinging significantly relative to the tower section 34 through the guide wheel 16, thereby ensuring that the jacking frame 5 will not swing significantly relative to the tower section 34 when it lifts the turntable 1 due to the lack of precise leveling in the early stage, thereby achieving effective lifting while saving the leveling process and improving efficiency.

[0059] During the jacking process, if the outer dimensions of the tower section 34 through which the guide wheel 16 passes suddenly increase, the guide wheel 16 passing through the enlarged portion of the tower section 34 passes through the jacking frame 5, so that the relative guide wheel 16 is subjected to the reaction of the jacking frame 5, thereby making the guide wheel 16 passing through the enlarged portion of the tower section 34 and the guide wheel 16 opposite to it simultaneously drive the corresponding inner rod 12 to retract into the outer sleeve 10, and the inner rod 12 where the two guide wheels 16 are located respectively drive the corresponding limit rods A19 to quickly disengage from the corresponding limit groove A13 through the corresponding guide rods 23, racks 22, gears A21 and gears B20, and release the movement restrictions of the two inner rods 12 corresponding to the guide wheel 16 passing through the enlarged portion of the tower section 34 and the guide wheel 16 opposite to it, so that the guide wheel 16 passing through the enlarged portion of the tower section 34 and the guide wheel 16 opposite to it can easily pass over the enlarged portion of the tower section 34 without getting stuck, thereby realizing effective heightening and jacking of the tower crane.

[0060] To sum up, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the two hydraulic cylinders A7 in the present invention can automatically pull the tower section 34 on the platform 6 after the lifting trolley 4 is hoisted into the lifting frame 5 through the push plate 8, and after the tower section 34 is pulled into the lifting frame 5, the corresponding locking block 47 is pushed by the electric push rod B54 to insert into the locking groove 38 on the corresponding fixed block A37 to fasten and lock the tower section 34. At the same time, the reciprocating swing of the hydraulic cylinder B28 in the process of lifting the turntable 1 is completed by the electric push rod A33, realizing a certain degree of unmanned operation, and providing effective technical support for the subsequent intelligent unmanned operation of the tower crane.

[0061] The 16 guide wheels 16 in the present invention always keep close contact with the tower section 34 due to the transmission connection between any two relative telescopic structures where the guide wheels 16 are located. There is no need to adjust the gap between the guide wheels 16 and the tower section 34 before jacking, which saves process steps and has high efficiency. The transmission connection between any two relative telescopic structures where the guide wheels 16 are located can effectively prevent the turntable 1 from shaking relative to the tower section 34 of the tower body due to the imbalance between the balance arm 2 and the lifting arm 3 during the lifting process. At the same time, the transmission connection between any two relative telescopic structures where the guide wheels 16 are located ensures that the tower section 34 with an inaccurate or deformed production shape will not be stuck with the guide wheels 16 during the jacking process, thereby achieving effective heightening and jacking of the tower crane.

[0062] The present invention does not need to manually adjust the tower body precisely and balance it before jacking, and does not need to adjust the gap between the guide wheel 16 and the tower section 34, thereby reducing the number of working steps and effectively improving the jacking efficiency.

Claims

1. An automatic lifting tower crane structure, characterized in that: It includes a jacking frame fixedly mounted on the lower end of the slewing table of the tower crane, a hydraulic cylinder A, a push plate, an outer sleeve, an inner rod, a spring A, a guide wheel, a guide seat, a limit rod A, an electric push rod A, a tower section, a clamping plate, an electric push rod B, and an upper jacking mechanism, wherein the jacking frame embedded in the tower section is equipped with two hydraulic cylinders A symmetrically distributed on both sides of the platform and horizontally retractable, and push plates are installed at the ends of the two hydraulic cylinders A to horizontally pull the tower section hoisted to the platform by a lifting trolley into the jacking frame; the jacking frame is hinged with two upper jacking mechanisms symmetrically distributed on both sides of the platform for lifting the slewing table upward and effectively limiting the swing of the jacking frame relative to the tower section; the upper jacking mechanism is driven by the electric push rod A on the jacking frame to swing and cooperate with the clamping grooves of the corresponding two clamping plates on the tower section; a structure is provided between the jacking frame and the tower section to prevent the jacking frame from descending relative to the tower section when the jacking frame is lifted to half the height of the tower section; Two layers of outer sleeves are installed on the inner side of the jacking frame, and each layer has eight symmetrical outer sleeves; each outer sleeve has an inner rod sliding in a direction perpendicular to the side of the jacking frame and is installed with a spring A for resetting the movement of the inner rod, and a guide wheel is installed at the end of the inner rod to abut against the side wall of the tower section; the limit groove A on the wall surface of each inner rod corresponds to the limit rod A, and the limit rod A slides vertically in the slide groove A of the guide seat on the jacking frame, and each limit rod A is connected to the inner rod where the relative guide wheel is located; the tower section and the turntable and the tower sections are locked and fixed by a specific lock structure driven by the electric push rod B on the jacking frame, and this structure is unlocked manually; The lower end of the turntable or the lower end of the tower section is provided with four symmetrical fixed blocks A, and the upper end of the tower section is provided with four fixed blocks B corresponding to the fixed blocks A thereon one by one; a sliding rod is horizontally slid in the sliding groove B on each fixed block B, and a spring C for resetting the sliding rod is nested on the sliding rod; a sliding sleeve is vertically slid in the sliding groove C on the inner wall of the sliding groove B, and a limiting rod B cooperating with the upper limit groove B of the corresponding sliding rod is vertically slid in the sliding sleeve, and a spring D for resetting the limiting rod B is installed; a screw rod rotatably cooperating with the sliding sleeve is screwed into the threaded hole at the bottom of the sliding groove C, and a manual knob is provided at the end of the screw rod; the two wedge-shaped locking blocks on the sliding rod A are respectively matched with the two wedge-shaped locking grooves of the corresponding fixed block A on the upper adjacent tower section or turntable.

2. The automatic lifting tower crane structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The teeth on the limit rod A mesh with the gear B installed in the corresponding guide seat, and the gear A installed on the shaft where the gear B is located meshes with the rack installed on the relative inner rod; two guide blocks A are symmetrically installed on the inner rod, and the two guide blocks A slide respectively in the two guide grooves A on the inner wall of the corresponding outer sleeve; the spring A is a compression spring.

3. The automatic lifting tower crane structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder B, a shoulder pole beam, a lift pin, a lift plate, and a spring B, wherein the ends of two hydraulic cylinders B, whose upper ends are connected to the lifting frame ball joints and are parallel to each other, are hinged with shoulder pole beams, and two cylindrical lift pins that cooperate with the slots of the clamping plate on the tower section are symmetrically installed at both ends of the shoulder pole beam; the middle part of the shoulder pole beam is provided with a lift plate that cooperates with the corresponding electric push rod A; a high elastic coefficient spring B that limits the change in the distance between the two hydraulic cylinders B is installed between the two hydraulic cylinders B; the spring B is a compression spring.

4. The automatic lifting tower crane structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The inner rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding rack through a guide rod, and the guide rod slides horizontally in the guide rail on the top sleeve; the ratio of the pitch circle diameter of gear A to the corresponding gear B is less than 1.

5. The automatic lifting tower crane structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A total of eight blocks are installed on the inner side of the lifting frame through swing pins, and each swing pin is embedded with a vortex spring for swinging and resetting the corresponding block; eight swing limit blocks are installed on the lifting frame, which correspond to the blocks one by one and are used to prevent the blocks from swinging upward from a horizontal state; the blocks cooperate with the corresponding support blocks on the tower section.

6. The automatic lifting tower crane structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spring C and the spring D are both compression springs; the spring C is located in the annular groove on the inner wall of the corresponding slide groove B; one end of the spring C is connected to the inner wall of the annular groove, and the other end is connected to the compression spring ring installed on the corresponding slide rod; the two guide blocks B symmetrically installed on the limit rod B slide in the two guide grooves B on the inner wall of the corresponding slide sleeve respectively.

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