A crack prefabricator

Abstract

The present application discloses a crack preformer, which relates to the technical field of material performance testing, and includes a base, a column, a horizontal moving mechanism, and a vertical moving mechanism, wherein the column is arranged on the base, and the column is perpendicular to the plane where the base is located; the horizontal moving mechanism is slidably arranged on the base, and a clamping unit is arranged on the horizontal moving mechanism, and the clamping unit is used to clamp the sample; a blade and a wedge are arranged on the vertical moving structure, and the vertical moving mechanism is slidably arranged on the column, so that when the vertical moving mechanism slides, the blade and the wedge are close to or away from the clamping unit along the axis direction parallel to the column. The present application drives the blade to open the crack through the vertical moving structure on the column, and adjusts the position through the horizontal moving mechanism, switches to the wedge and drives it into the crack, which saves manpower, opens the crack stably and evenly, avoids plastic deformation caused by impact, and improves the quality of prefabricated cracks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of material performance testing, and in particular to a crack preformer. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology and national economy, adhesives are being widely used in various industries and high-tech fields. The connection method using adhesives for bonding has become one of the connection methods specified in product design in various departments, especially for aircraft. Compared with traditional welding and mechanical connection methods, it has many advantages such as reducing structural weight, flexible adjustability, and uniform stress distribution at the joints. Adhesives are also sensitive to the environment, so environmental durability tests after adhesive bonding are an important indicator to examine the environmental sensitivity of adhesives.

[0003] At present, there is no standard or unified crack opening method in the environmental durability test methods of related adhesive bonding at home and abroad. The traditional crack opening method is to use a heavy hammer to hit the utility knife and wedge to drive the wedge into the test specimen. It can be seen that this method relies on human operation. During the knocking process, the impact force generated varies from person to person and cannot be controlled, resulting in low quality of the crack opened, which in turn affects the accuracy and stability of the final result. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a crack preformer, aiming to solve the problem of low quality of cracks opened in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows:

[0006] A crack preformer, comprising:

[0007] Base;

[0008] A column, which is arranged on the base and is perpendicular to the plane where the base is located;

[0009] A horizontal moving mechanism, the horizontal moving mechanism is slidably arranged on the base, and a clamping unit is arranged on the horizontal moving mechanism, and the clamping unit is used to clamp the sample;

[0010] A vertical moving mechanism is provided with a blade and a wedge on the vertical moving structure, and the vertical moving mechanism is slidably arranged on the column, so that when the vertical moving mechanism slides, the blade and the wedge are close to or away from the clamping unit along the axial direction parallel to the column.

[0011] Optionally, a buffer component is also included, which connects the vertical moving structure and the base.

[0012] Optionally, the buffer assembly includes a guide sleeve, a guide column and a spring, wherein one end of the guide column is connected to the base, the other end of the guide column cooperates with one end of the guide sleeve, the other end of the guide sleeve is connected to the vertical moving mechanism, and the spring sleeve is arranged on the guide column.

[0013] Optionally, the vertical moving mechanism includes a mounting plate and a mounting block, the second plate surface of the mounting plate is slidably connected to the column, the mounting block is arranged on the first panel of the mounting plate, and the mounting block is close to the clamping unit; a blade and a wedge are arranged on the mounting block.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes a driving mechanism, which includes a rotating arm, a gear and a rack, wherein the gear is rotatably connected to the column, the rotating arm is connected to the gear, the rack is arranged on the vertical moving structure, the extension direction of the rack is parallel to the axis of the column, and the rack is meshed with the gear.

[0015] Optionally, two driving mechanisms are provided, the two driving mechanisms are symmetrical about the axis of the column, and a handle is connected between the two rotating arms.

[0016] Optionally, a limiting mechanism is further included, which is arranged on the base and is used to fix the horizontal moving mechanism at any position on its sliding path.

[0017] Optionally, the limiting mechanism includes two limiting units arranged opposite to each other on the base, each limiting unit includes a stopper and a limit rod, the limit rod movably passes through the stopper and is threadedly connected to the stopper, and when the horizontal moving mechanism is fixed, the ends of the two limiting rods that are close to each other respectively abut against the horizontal moving mechanism.

[0018] Optionally, the clamping unit includes a mounting base, a first clamping arm and a second clamping arm, wherein the second ends of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are connected to the mounting base, the mounting base is connected to the horizontal moving mechanism, the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are arranged opposite to each other and form a gap for clamping the sample, and the spacing between the blade and the wedge is greater than the horizontal length of the first clamping arm.

[0019] Optionally, the clamping unit also includes a locking piece, which includes a connecting rod and a rocker. Horizontal threaded through holes are provided on the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm. One end of the connecting rod is threadedly connected to any threaded through hole, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the rocker.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0021] A crack preformer proposed in an embodiment of the present application achieves stable installation by integrating various components onto a base. A vertical moving mechanism is slidably provided on a column perpendicular to the base. The blade and wedge carried on the vertical moving mechanism can be used to split the sample to form a crack and insert into the crack, respectively. The clamping unit provided on the horizontal moving mechanism is used to clamp the sample, and slide and adjust the position of the sample on the base so that it is located below the vertical moving mechanism. When in use, the blade is first brought into contact with the sample by the movement of the vertical moving mechanism to complete the crack opening, and then the wedge is aligned with the opened crack by the movement and adjustment of the horizontal moving mechanism, and the wedge is inserted into the crack under the drive of the vertical moving mechanism. The present application completes crack preformation and wedge driving by mechanical control, avoiding the uncontrollable force of manual operation and the instability of the force applied when the crack is opened. The blade and wedge are driven by mechanical components to work, which can not only save manpower to complete efficient preformation, but also avoid the insecurity of manual hammering, effectively improve the quality of the opened crack, and provide a guarantee for the accuracy and stability of subsequent detection results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the crack preformer provided in an embodiment of the present application in a front view direction;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the crack preformer in the rear view direction provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Description of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings:

[0025] 1-handle, 2-mounting plate, 3-wedge, 4-blade, 5-clamping unit, 6-rocker, 7-spring, 8-limit rod, 9-sliding guide, 10-base, 11-rack, 12-gear, 13-column, 14-stopper, 15-guide sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0028] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0030] See attached Figure 1-2 The embodiment of the present application provides a crack preformer, including a base 10, a column 13, a horizontal moving mechanism and a vertical moving mechanism, wherein the column 13 is arranged on the base 10, and the column 13 is perpendicular to the plane where the base 10 is located, a horizontal moving mechanism is slidably arranged on the base 10, a clamping unit 5 is arranged on the horizontal moving mechanism for clamping the sample, a vertical moving mechanism is slidably arranged on the column 13, a wedge 3 and a blade 4 are arranged on the vertical moving structure, and when the vertical moving structure slides, the blade 4 and the wedge 3 approach or move away from the clamping unit 5 along the axial direction parallel to the column 13.

[0031] In this embodiment, the sample, the blade 4 and the wedge 3 can move relative to each other through the sliding horizontal moving mechanism and the vertical moving mechanism. The horizontal moving mechanism carries the clamping unit 5 and moves horizontally on the base 10, so that the sample can be adjusted to a position that can cooperate with the blade 4 and the wedge 3 for crack prefabrication. Driven by the vertical moving mechanism, the blade 4 and the wedge 3 can approach or move away from the clamping unit 5 in a direction perpendicular to the base 10 to achieve cutting or retracting. According to the process requirements for crack prefabrication, the position of the sample is first adjusted by the horizontal moving mechanism, so that the blade 4 can open a crack on the sample when it moves vertically. After the crack is opened, the vertical moving mechanism is moved back, and the blade 4 is separated from the sample. At this time, the horizontal moving mechanism is adjusted so that the wedge 3 replaces the original blade 4 and cooperates with the crack that has been opened in the sample. In the process of the vertical moving mechanism moving downward, the wedge 3 is further inserted into the crack to complete the prefabrication work in the test experiment. This embodiment can reduce manual labor intensity and increase safety by introducing mechanical components. The mechanical pressurization method can effectively control the impact pressure without causing impact plastic deformation, thereby ensuring that the sample is not damaged, thereby ensuring the quality of crack prefabrication and providing guarantee for the accuracy and stability of subsequent test results.

[0032] In one embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of a vertical moving mechanism is provided. Specifically, the vertical moving mechanism includes a mounting plate 2 and a mounting block. The second plate surface of the mounting plate 2 is slidably connected to the column 13. The mounting block is arranged on the first panel of the mounting plate 2, and the mounting block is close to the clamping unit 5. A blade 4 and a wedge 3 are arranged on the mounting block.

[0033] In this embodiment, the blade 4 and the wedge 3 are mounted on the mounting block, so that the working part can be quickly positioned. When the mounting plate 2 moves vertically along the column 13, the pressure generated by it can be concentrated on the blade 4 or the wedge 3 through the mounting block, so as to further stabilize the pressure when the crack is opened and the wedge 3 is inserted, thereby ensuring that the crack is opened smoothly and evenly, and improving the quality of the crack opening. The sliding connection between the vertical moving mechanism and the column 13 is such as: the slide groove slider cooperates, the slide rail pulley cooperates, and the sliding parts that cooperate with each other are respectively arranged on the vertical moving mechanism and the column 13. It can also be a method in which the cylinder drives the piston to pull the vertical moving mechanism, or it can be a method in which the motor drives the vertical moving mechanism to rise and fall. Similar to the aforementioned method, the vertical moving mechanism can be realized to move along the axial direction of the column 13. In other embodiments of the present application, the sliding setting method of the horizontal moving mechanism on the base 10 is similar to the sliding setting method of the vertical moving mechanism, such as the attached Figure 1 What is shown in the figure is one of the ways of setting a sliding guide rail 9 to achieve movement. In other embodiments, it can also be a sliding groove method or a method of setting a cylinder to push it to slide.

[0034] It should be noted that the first panel and the second panel of the mounting plate 2 described in this embodiment are based on the drawings, with the formal direction being the first panel of the mounting plate 2 and the rearward direction being the second panel of the mounting plate.

[0035] In one embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, since hard contact and damaged parts may occur during the crack prefabrication process, and the crack opening speed may be slow due to the high hardness of the sample, the vertical moving mechanism and the sample are in abutment for a long time, which may cause damage. A buffer component is provided for the crack prefabricator, and the buffer component connects the vertical moving structure and the base 10. When the vertical moving mechanism is equipped with a blade 4 or a wedge 3 and moves downward, the buffer component absorbs and buffers the pressure between the vertical moving mechanism and the base 10, thereby increasing the service life and reducing the risk of damage. At the same time, since the buffer component buffers the pressurization, plastic deformation of the sample caused by sudden change of impact force and excessive impact force is avoided, thereby effectively improving the crack opening quality.

[0036] In one embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, an implementation scheme of a buffer assembly is provided. Specifically, the buffer assembly includes a guide sleeve 15, a guide column and a spring 7, wherein one end of the guide column is connected to the base 10, the other end of the guide column cooperates with one end of the guide sleeve 15, the other end of the guide sleeve 15 is connected to the vertical moving mechanism, and the spring 7 is sleeved on the guide column. Furthermore, in order to make the buffer assembly subjected to uniform force, the buffer assembly is arranged as two groups symmetrical about the axis of the column 13.

[0037] In this embodiment, the spring 7 is used to buffer the pressurization, and the spring 7 is sleeved on the guide column to limit the position, so as to avoid radial deviation and effectively buffer the pressure in the axial direction. In addition, the matching mode of the guide column and guide sleeve 15 can provide auxiliary support for the vertical moving mechanism to improve the overall stability of the crack preformer, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the quality of crack preformation. In other embodiments, the buffer component can also be a telescopic rod, such as a hydraulic telescopic rod, a mechanical telescopic rod, and a pneumatic telescopic rod, or a scissor mechanism. At this time, it should be noted that the two ends of the scissor mechanism should be hinged to ensure its freedom during compression and extension.

[0038] In one embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 2As shown, a method of using manpower to drive the vertical moving mechanism is provided. During the crack opening process, mechanized processing can indeed ensure the stability of pressure output, but in order to obtain high-quality cracks, manual operation is still required. In the crack opening project, the state of abutment is judged according to manual experience, and pressure is increased or reduced at the appropriate time to open high-quality cracks. Specifically, a driving mechanism is added to the crack preformer, and the driving mechanism includes a rotating arm, a gear 12 and a rack 11, wherein the gear 12 is rotatably connected to the column 13, the rotating arm is rotatably connected to the gear 12, and the rack 11 is arranged on the vertical moving structure. The extension direction of the rack 11 is parallel to the axis of the column 13, and the rack 11 is meshed with the gear 12.

[0039] In this embodiment, through the cooperation of the gear 12 and the rack 11, the rotation of the gear 12 drives the vertical moving mechanism to move up and down smoothly, and the gear 12 is connected to the rotating arm, that is, when the movable end of the rotating arm is pressed down, the rotating arm drives the gear 12 to rotate, and then the vertical moving mechanism is moved. And through the lever, on the one hand, only a small force needs to be applied to realize the movement, and on the other hand, when the crack is opened, the manually output force can be amplified and applied to the sample, and the manual force can timely obtain the state of the sample abutting against the blade 4 according to the difficulty of pressing down the rotating arm.

[0040] Furthermore, two driving mechanisms are provided, and the two driving mechanisms are symmetrical about the axis of the column 13, and the handle 1 is connected between the two rotating arms. On the one hand, the provision of two sets of driving mechanisms can improve stability, and on the other hand, by adding the handle 1 for connection, the handle 1 can be used to more easily achieve the downward pressing and upward lifting of the rotating arm, thereby reducing the difficulty of operation.

[0041] In one embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, although the sample is subjected to vertical force, when the pressure direction is relatively positive, the horizontal moving mechanism can abut against the base 10 under the action of the vertical pressure to achieve stability. However, in order to avoid the possibility of deviation, a limiting mechanism is added to the crack preformer. The limiting mechanism is arranged on the base 10, and the limiting mechanism is used to fix the horizontal moving mechanism at any position on its sliding path.

[0042] The limiting mechanism in this embodiment is such as a bolt, which can realize the locking and loosening of the sliding matching parts of the vertical moving mechanism and the guide rail by screwing in and out of the bolt, so as to realize the fixation at any position. It can also be some fasteners and clamps that can realize the fixation without displacement. In other embodiments, the limiting mechanism can also be an abutment member for abutment and limiting, as follows:

[0043] The limiting mechanism includes two limiting units arranged opposite to each other on the base 10, each limiting unit includes a stopper 14 and a limiting rod 8, the limiting rod 8 movably passes through the stopper 14 and is threadedly connected to the stopper 14. When the horizontal moving mechanism is fixed, the ends of the two limiting rods 8 that are close to each other respectively abut against the horizontal moving mechanism. In the above manner, the limiting rods 8 abut symmetrically, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 When the sliding setting mode of the sliding guide rail 9 is used, the clamping unit 5 is moved and adjusted in the length direction of the base 10 as shown in the figure. The movement of the clamping unit 5 on the sliding guide rail 9 can be adapted by adjusting the matching length of the limit rod 8 and the stop block 14 through threads.

[0044] In one embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, the clamping unit 5 can be a clamping arm, a gripper, a workbench with a fixing function, etc., which can achieve the clamping and fixing of the sample. In this embodiment, an implementation of the clamping unit 5 is provided, which is as follows: the clamping unit 5 includes a mounting seat, a first clamping arm and a second clamping arm, wherein the second ends of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are connected to the mounting seat, and the mounting seat is connected to the horizontal moving mechanism, the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are arranged opposite to each other, and a gap is formed for clamping the sample, and the distance between the blade 4 and the wedge 3 is greater than the horizontal length of the first clamping arm.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first end and the second end of the component are based on the vertical direction shown in the figure, and the upper end is the first end of the component, and the lower end is the second end. In order to cooperate with the insertion of the blade 4 and the wedge 3, a first clamping arm and a second clamping arm are provided to cooperate with each other, and a gap is reserved between the clamping arms to facilitate the insertion of the blade 4 and the wedge 3. The position of the clamping arms is adjusted. After clamping the sample, the bonding surface of the sample is perpendicular to the plane where the base 10 is located. The blade 4 or the wedge 3 is located between the clamping arms after the sample is inserted. The distance between the blade 4 and the wedge 3 is greater than the horizontal length of the first clamping arm, which is to ensure that the workpiece can be smoothly inserted when the crack is opened and the wedge 3 is driven in.

[0046] Furthermore, in order to cooperate with the use of the clamping arm and avoid the situation where the clamping arm cannot effectively clamp the sample due to it being too thin, horizontal threaded through holes are opened on the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm, and a locking piece is added to the clamping unit 5. The locking piece is composed of a connecting rod and a rocker 6 connected and in a vertical state. One end of the connecting rod is threadedly connected to any threaded through hole, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the rocker 6. The above arrangement facilitates the rotation of the rocker 6, and driven by the rocker 6, the connecting rod can change the length of the threaded through hole. One end of the connecting rod inserted into the threaded through hole abuts against the sample in the gap between the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm to complete the clamping and fixation.

[0047] In summary, a crack preformer proposed in the embodiment of the present application can effectively reduce the intensity of manual labor, increase the safety of prefabrication work, stabilize the pressure during the crack opening process, avoid plastic deformation caused by impact, ensure that the crack opens in a uniform and stable state, and improve the quality of the prefabricated cracks, which has a positive effect on the testing work and test results.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A crack preformer, characterized in that: include: Base; A column, wherein the column is arranged on the base and is perpendicular to the plane where the base is located; A horizontal moving mechanism, wherein the horizontal moving mechanism is slidably arranged on the base, and a clamping unit is arranged on the horizontal moving mechanism, and the clamping unit is used to clamp the sample; A vertical moving mechanism, on which a blade and a wedge are arranged, and the vertical moving mechanism is slidably arranged on the column, so that when the vertical moving mechanism slides, the blade and the wedge approach or move away from the clamping unit along the axial direction parallel to the column; the blade is used to contact the sample and complete the crack opening, and the wedge is used to align with the opened crack, and the wedge is inserted into the crack under the drive of the vertical moving mechanism.

2. The crack preformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a buffer component, which connects the vertical movement mechanism and the base.

3. The crack preformer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer assembly includes a guide sleeve, a guide column and a spring, wherein one end of the guide column is connected to the base, the other end of the guide column cooperates with one end of the guide sleeve, the other end of the guide sleeve is connected to the vertical moving mechanism, and the spring is sleeved on the guide column.

4. The crack preformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical moving mechanism includes a mounting plate and a mounting block. The second plate surface of the mounting plate is slidably connected to the column. The mounting block is arranged on the first panel of the mounting plate and is close to the clamping unit. The blade and the wedge are arranged on the mounting block.

5. The crack preformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a driving mechanism, which includes a rotating arm, a gear and a rack, wherein the gear is rotatably connected to the column, the rotating arm is connected to the gear, the rack is arranged on the vertical moving mechanism, the extension direction of the rack is parallel to the axis of the column, and the rack is meshed with the gear.

6. The crack preformer according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two driving mechanisms are provided, the two driving mechanisms are symmetrical about the axis of the column, and a handle is connected between the two rotating arms.

7. The crack preformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting mechanism, which is arranged on the base and is used to fix the horizontal moving mechanism at any position on its sliding path.

8. The crack preformer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism includes two limiting units arranged opposite to each other on the base, each of the limiting units includes a stopper and a limiting rod, the limiting rod movably passes through the stopper and is threadedly connected to the stopper, and when the horizontal moving mechanism is fixed, the ends of the two limiting rods that are close to each other respectively abut against the horizontal moving mechanism.

9. The crack preformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping unit includes a mounting seat, a first clamping arm and a second clamping arm, wherein the second ends of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are connected to the mounting seat, the mounting seat is connected to the horizontal moving mechanism, the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are arranged opposite to each other and form a gap for clamping the sample, and the distance between the blade and the wedge is greater than the horizontal length of the first clamping arm.

10. The crack preformer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clamping unit also includes a locking piece, which includes a connecting rod and a rocker. Horizontal threaded through holes are provided on the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm. One end of the connecting rod is threadedly connected to any of the threaded through holes, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the rocker.

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