A cooling system capable of automatically detecting water leak locations in steelmaking production

Abstract

The present invention provides a cooling system capable of automatically detecting water leakage locations in steelmaking production, comprising: a washing cooling pipe and a fan cooling pipe are connected via a first connecting pipe, the fan cooling pipe and a granulating cooling pipe are connected via a second connecting pipe, and the granulating cooling pipe and a hot air cooling pipe are connected via a third connecting pipe; four active pipe-closing mechanisms are used to block one end of a cooling pipe under the action of water pressure and allow water in the passage to flow to other cooling pipes; four passive pipe-closing mechanisms are used to block the other end of the cooling pipe under the coordinated action of the other cooling pipe and each of the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe, and the third connecting pipe; and four measuring mechanisms are used to detect the pressure on the cooling pipe after the active pipe-closing mechanism and the passive pipe-closing mechanism of the corresponding cooling pipe are blocked, so as to accurately detect leaks in each pipe in the existing cooling system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of water cooling equipment leakage detection, and in particular relates to a cooling system capable of automatically detecting water leakage positions in steelmaking production. Background Art

[0002] Steel mills are heavy industries, secondary industries, manufacturing industries, and capital-intensive industries, and they have an irreplaceable position in my country. The raw materials of steel mills are iron ore, coal, charcoal, etc., which are made into the required products through a series of high-temperature smelting.

[0003] Currently, steel mills require a large amount of water for cooling during steelmaking. Cooling towers are important components in the cooling water treatment system for steelmaking. The main function of cooling towers is to exchange heat between cooling water and air in the tower to achieve the purpose of cooling the cooling water after it has been heated. After the cooling water has cooled, fans or water pumps will transport the cooling water in the cooling tower to various cooling equipment.

[0004] Over time, existing cooling pipes are subject to pressured water flow, causing the internal copper tubes to become locally thinner and leak. Damaged cooling pipes can cause cooling water leaks, leading to insufficient cooling water supply to certain cooling equipment, which can overheat and burn out.

[0005] Currently, known methods for detecting cooling pipe leaks primarily include manual methods such as pressure testing and bubble detection, and online methods such as the cooling water inlet and outlet flow differential method and ultrasonic testing. The former manual cooler leak detection method is inefficient and lacks accuracy, while the latter online detection method requires high investment and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cooling system which can automatically detect the location of water leakage in steelmaking production, so as to accurately detect the leakage of each pipeline in the existing cooling system.

[0007] To solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a cooling system capable of automatically detecting water leak locations in steelmaking production, comprising: a cooling tower, wherein a water outlet thereof is connected to the water inlets of the washing tower, the fan room cooling passage, the granulating tower, and the hot blast furnace through a washing cooling pipe, a fan cooling pipe, a granulating cooling pipe, and a hot blast cooling pipe, respectively; the washing cooling pipe and the fan cooling pipe are connected to each other via a first connecting pipe near the cooling equipment; the fan cooling pipe and the granulating cooling pipe are connected to each other via a second connecting pipe near the cooling equipment; and the granulating cooling pipe and the hot blast cooling pipe are connected to each other via a third connecting pipe near the cooling equipment.

[0008] Four active pipe closing mechanisms are located at the water outlets of the washing cooling pipe, fan cooling pipe, granulation cooling pipe, and hot air cooling pipe near the cooling tower. They are used to block one end of a cooling pipe under the action of water pressure and allow the water in that passage to flow to other cooling pipes.

[0009] Four passive pipe-closing mechanisms are located in each washing cooling pipe, fan cooling pipe, granulation cooling pipe, and hot air cooling pipe near the washing tower, fan room cooling passage, granulation tower, and hot air furnace. After one end of a cooling pipe is blocked, the other end of the cooling pipe is blocked in cooperation with the other cooling pipes and the first, second, and third connecting pipes.

[0010] Four measuring mechanisms are installed on the washing cooling pipe, fan cooling pipe, granulation cooling pipe and hot air cooling pipe respectively. They are used to detect the pressure on the cooling pipe after the active closing mechanism and passive closing mechanism of the corresponding cooling pipe are sealed.

[0011] Furthermore, the passive closed pipe mechanism includes: a plurality of L-shaped tubes, which are sealed tube bodies, and which respectively connect the washing cooling pipe with the first connecting pipe, the fan cooling pipe with the second connecting pipe, the granulation cooling pipe with the third connecting pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe with the third connecting pipe;

[0012] The float is located at the connection point between each connecting pipe and each L-shaped cylinder, and is used to block the other end of the cooling pipe under the action of water pressure after the other cooling pipes pass through the connecting pipes and enter the L-shaped cylinder;

[0013] An elastic member, one end of which is connected to the float and the other end of which is fixed in each L-shaped cylinder for resetting the float;

[0014] Among them, when it is necessary to detect the pressure on the washing cooling pipe, the active pipe closing mechanism on the washing cooling pipe blocks one end of the washing cooling pipe close to the water outlet. The water at the water outlet passes through the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe in turn, and forms a loop through the L-shaped cylinder on the washing cooling pipe through each connecting pipe, forcing the float on the washing cooling pipe to move, blocking the other end of the cooling pipe close to the washing tower, and then detecting the pressure of the washing detection pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the active pipe closing mechanism includes: a plurality of circular pipes, which are respectively located near the water outlet of each washing cooling pipe, the fan room cooling passage, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe, and each circular pipe is connected to a water injection mechanism;

[0016] The float is located at the connection point between each cooling pipe and each round pipe, and is used to seal each cooling pipe with water pressure under the action of the water injection mechanism;

[0017] The elastic member has one end connected to the float and the other end fixed in each circular tube for resetting the float.

[0018] Furthermore, the water injection mechanism includes: a water injection cylinder, which is a cylinder with four water injection holes formed thereon, the four water injection holes being arranged along the axis of the water injection cylinder, the four water injection holes being respectively connected to the washing cooling pipe, the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe near the water outlet;

[0019] The water inlet cylinder is located inside the water injection cylinder and is coaxially arranged with the water injection cylinder. A circular hole is opened on it. One end of the water inlet cylinder is connected to the water outlet of the cooling tower through a pipe, and the other end is connected to an external motor through an electric rod. It is used to move back and forth in the water injection cylinder so that the four water injection holes are respectively connected to the pipes of the water injection cylinder, so that the water in the water inlet cylinder enters the corresponding pipe through the pipe for detection.

[0020] Furthermore, each measuring mechanism includes: a measuring tube, the inner diameter of which is larger than the inner diameter of the corresponding washing cooling pipe, fan cooling pipe, and granulation cooling pipe, and the two ends of which are respectively connected to the disconnection gaps on the corresponding washing cooling pipe, fan cooling pipe, and granulation cooling pipe.

[0021] Multiple magnetic induction plates are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the measuring tube and arranged in a straight line.

[0022] The floating ring is a hollow ring that is mounted on the inner side of the measuring tube. Its axis coincides with the axis of the measuring tube. Two recesses are provided on its outer wall, on the inner side of the measuring tube. Magnetic beads are placed in both recesses. The length of the floating ring is ≤ the width of each magnetic induction sheet, and the distance between the two recesses is equal to the width of the magnetic induction sheet. The floating ring is used to move back and forth in the measuring tube under the pressure in the measuring tube, thereby causing the magnetic beads to move back and forth. The position of the magnetic beads is measured by an external electromagnetic coil to determine the hydraulic pressure difference on both sides of the floating ring in the measuring tube.

[0023] Furthermore, a connecting pipe is provided, one end of which is connected to the connection point between the first connecting pipe and the washing cooling pipe, and the other end is connected to the cooling tower; the connecting pipe is used to form a closed loop between the cooling tower and each cooling pipe and each connecting pipe, thereby avoiding waste of water resources.

[0024] Furthermore, an annular disc is provided at the connection point between each communicating pipe and each cooling pipe, and the annular disc is used to divert water flowing into each communicating pipe to each L-shaped cylinder.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: through the active closing tube mechanisms of the washing cooling pipe, the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe, active sealing of one end of a certain cooling pipe is achieved, and water in the cooling pipe is caused to flow to other cooling pipes; it can not only effectively prevent the normal operation of other pipes during detection, but also form a closed loop of water flowing along other cooling pipes to the cooling pipe by combining the connecting pipes, thereby realizing the automatic operation of the passive closing tube mechanism at the other end of the cooling pipe, so that the water in the cooling pipe stops flowing. When in use, only one switch needs to be started to measure whether there is a leak in one cooling pipe among multiple cooling pipes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a cooling system capable of automatically detecting water leakage locations in steelmaking production according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of each connecting pipe in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the interior of the passive tube closing mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the interior of the active tube closing mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water injection mechanism in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the measuring mechanism in the present invention.

[0032] Among them, 100, water injection mechanism; 200, washing tower; 300, fan room cooling passage; 400, measuring mechanism; 500, hot air furnace; 600, L-shaped cylinder; 700, connecting pipe; 800, cooling tower; 900, granulation tower; 1000, circular pipe; 1100, connecting pipe; 1200, cooling pipe; 1010, elastic part; 1020, float; 1110, annular disc; 410, floating ring; 420, measuring tube; 430, magnetic induction sheet; 440, electromagnetic coil; 411, magnetic bead; 1120, first connecting pipe; 1130, second connecting pipe; 1140, third connecting pipe; 110, water inlet cylinder; 111, circular hole; 120, water injection cylinder; 121, water injection hole; 130, electric pole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] A cooling system that can automatically detect water leaks during steelmaking production, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a cooling tower 800, whose water outlet is connected to the water inlets of the washing tower 200, the fan room cooling passage 300, the granulating tower 900, and the hot air furnace 500 through a washing cooling pipe, a fan cooling pipe, a granulating cooling pipe, and a hot air cooling pipe respectively. The washing cooling pipe and the fan cooling pipe are connected to each other through a first connecting pipe 1120 near the cooling equipment. The fan cooling pipe and the granulating cooling pipe are connected to each other through a second connecting pipe 1130 near the cooling equipment. The granulating cooling pipe and the hot air cooling pipe are connected to each other through a third connecting pipe 1140 near the cooling equipment.

[0035] Four active pipe-closing mechanisms are located at the water outlets of the washing cooling pipe, fan cooling pipe, granulation cooling pipe, and hot air cooling pipe near the cooling tower 800. They are used to block one end of a cooling pipe 1200 under the action of water pressure and direct the water in that passage to other cooling pipes 1200.

[0036] Four passive pipe-closing mechanisms are located in each washing cooling duct, fan cooling duct, granulation cooling duct, and hot air cooling duct near the washing tower 200, the fan room cooling passage 300, the granulation tower 900, and the hot air furnace 500. After one end of a cooling duct 1200 is blocked, the other end of the cooling duct 1200 is blocked in cooperation with the other cooling ducts 1200 and the first connecting duct 1120, the second connecting duct 1130, and the third connecting duct 1140.

[0037] Four measuring mechanisms 400 are respectively installed on the washing cooling pipe, the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe. They are used to detect the pressure on the cooling pipe 1200 after the active closing mechanism and the passive closing mechanism of the corresponding cooling pipe 1200 are sealed.

[0038] Through the active closing tube mechanisms of the washing cooling pipe, the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe, active sealing of one end of a certain cooling pipe 1200 is achieved, and the water in the cooling pipe 1200 is made to flow to other cooling pipes 1200; it can not only effectively prevent the normal operation of other pipes during detection, but also form a closed loop of water flowing along other cooling pipes 1200 to the cooling pipe 1200 by combining the connecting pipes 1100, thereby realizing the automatic operation of the passive closing tube mechanism at the other end of the cooling pipe 1200, so that the water in the cooling pipe 1200 stops flowing. When in use, only one switch needs to be started to measure whether there is a leak in one of the multiple cooling pipes 1200.

[0039] In one embodiment, Figure 3As shown, there is a throttle valve at the water inlet of each cooling device. Therefore, after the water in the corresponding cooling pipe 1200 is diverted to other cooling pipes 1200, it will not cause the water volume per unit time of each cooling device to change, and will only flow along each connecting pipe 1100 to the corresponding cooling pipe 1200. Therefore, if the passive closing mechanism blocks each connecting pipe 1100 and the cooling pipe 1200 during operation, it will cause the internal pressure of the pipe to increase and damage the pipe wall. Therefore, the passive closing mechanism includes: multiple L-shaped cylinders 600, which are sealed pipe bodies, which respectively form the connection between the washing cooling pipe and the first connecting pipe 1120, the connection between the fan cooling pipe and the second connecting pipe 1130, and the connection between the granulation cooling pipe and the third connecting pipe 1140. The connection between the upper end of 140, the connection between the hot air cooling pipe and the lower end of the third connecting pipe 1140; the float 1020, located at the connection between each connecting pipe 1100 and each L-shaped cylinder 600, is used to block the other end of the cooling pipe 1200 under the action of water pressure after the other cooling pipes 1200 enter the L-shaped cylinder through each connecting pipe 1100; the elastic member 1010, one end of which is connected to the float 1020, and the other end of which is fixed in each L-shaped cylinder 600, is used to reset the float 1020; the connection between each connecting pipe 1100 and each cooling pipe 1200 is provided with an annular disc 1110, and the annular disc 1110 is used to divert the water flowing into each connecting pipe 1100 to each L-shaped cylinder 600.

[0040] Among them, when it is necessary to detect the pressure on the washing cooling pipe, the active pipe closing mechanism on the washing cooling pipe blocks one end of the washing cooling pipe close to the water outlet, and the water at the water outlet passes through the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe in turn, and forms a loop through the L-shaped cylinder 600 on the washing cooling pipe through each connecting pipe 1100, forcing the float 1020 on the washing cooling pipe to move, blocking the other end of the cooling pipe 1200 close to the washing tower 200, and then detecting the pressure of the washing detection pipe.

[0041] In one embodiment, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, each active closing mechanism can be set as a rotatable ball valve, but since the cooling pipes 1200 are mostly arranged in positions that are not easily touched by people, the active closing mechanism may include: multiple circular tubes 1000, which are respectively located near the water outlet of each washing cooling pipe, fan cooling pipe, granulation cooling pipe, and hot air cooling pipe, and each circular tube 1000 is connected to a water injection mechanism 100; a float 1020, located at the connection between each cooling pipe 1200 and each circular tube 1000, for sealing each cooling pipe 1200 with water pressure under the action of the water injection mechanism 100; an elastic member 1010, one end of which is connected to the float 1020, and the other end of which is fixed in each circular tube 1000, for resetting the float 1020.

[0042] The water injection mechanism 100 includes: a water injection cylinder 120, which is a cylinder with four water injection holes 121 on it. The four water injection holes 121 are arranged axially along the water injection cylinder 120, and the four water injection holes 121 are respectively connected to the washing cooling pipe, the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe near the water outlet; a water inlet cylinder 110, which is located in the water injection cylinder 120 and is coaxially arranged with the water injection cylinder 120, and has a circular hole 111 on it. One end of the water inlet cylinder 110 is connected to the water outlet of the cooling tower 800 through a pipe, and the other end is connected to an external motor through an electric rod 130, which is used to move back and forth in the water injection cylinder 120 so that the four water injection holes 121 are respectively connected to the pipes of the water injection cylinder 120, so that the water in the water inlet cylinder 110 enters the corresponding pipe through the pipe for detection.

[0043] In one embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, each measuring mechanism 400 includes: a measuring tube 420, whose inner diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the corresponding washing cooling pipe, fan cooling pipe, and granulation cooling pipe, and whose two ends are respectively connected to the disconnected gaps on the corresponding washing cooling pipe, fan cooling pipe, and granulation cooling pipe; a plurality of magnetic induction plates 430, evenly arranged on the inner wall of the measuring tube 420 and arranged in a straight line;

[0044] The floating ring 410 is a hollow ring that is mounted inside the measuring tube 420. Its axis coincides with the axis of the measuring tube 420. Two recesses are provided on its outer wall, inside the measuring tube 420. Magnetic beads 411 are placed in both recesses. The length of the floating ring 410 is ≤ the width of each magnetic induction plate 430, and the distance between the two recesses is equal to the width of the magnetic induction plate 430. The floating ring 410 is configured to move back and forth within the measuring tube 420 in response to the pressure within the measuring tube 420, thereby causing the magnetic beads 411 to move back and forth. The position of the magnetic beads 411 is measured by an external electromagnetic coil 440 to determine the hydraulic pressure difference on both sides of the floating ring 410 within the measuring tube 420.

[0045] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a connecting pipe 700 is provided, one end of which is connected to the connection point between the first connecting pipe 1120 and the washing cooling pipe, and the other end is connected to the cooling tower 800; the connecting pipe 700 is used to form a closed loop between the cooling tower 800 and each cooling pipe 1200 and each connecting pipe 1100, thereby avoiding waste of water resources.

[0046] After the active closing mechanism and the passive closing mechanism of the washing cooling pipe are blocked, if the water inlet valves of each cooling equipment are closed at the same time, the water on the other cooling pipes 1200 can flow to the washing cooling pipe through the connecting pipe 1100, thereby forming a closure of the other end of the washing cooling pipe. At the same time, combined with the connecting pipe 700, a closed loop of the water of multiple cooling pipes 1200 and the cooling tower 800 can be formed, so that combined with the measuring mechanism 400, it can be measured at the same time whether there is leakage in each cooling pipe 1200 and the cooling tower 800.

Claims

1. A cooling system capable of automatically detecting water leakage locations in steelmaking production, characterized in that: include: The water outlet of the cooling tower is connected to the water inlet of the washing tower, the fan room cooling passage, the granulating tower, and the hot air furnace through the washing cooling pipe, the fan cooling pipe, the granulating cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe respectively. The washing cooling pipe and the fan cooling pipe are connected to each other through a first connecting pipe near the cooling equipment. The fan cooling pipe and the granulating cooling pipe are connected to each other through a second connecting pipe near the cooling equipment. The granulating cooling pipe and the hot air cooling pipe are connected to each other through a third connecting pipe near the cooling equipment. Four active pipe closing mechanisms are respectively located at the water outlet of each of the washing cooling pipe, the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe near the cooling tower, and are used to block one end of a cooling pipe under the action of water pressure and allow the passage water to flow to other cooling pipes; Four passive pipe-closing mechanisms are respectively located in the washing cooling pipe, the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe near the washing tower, the fan room cooling passage, the granulation tower, and the hot air furnace. After one end of a cooling pipe is blocked, the other end of the cooling pipe is blocked in cooperation with the other cooling pipes and the first, second, and third connecting pipes. Four measuring mechanisms are respectively installed on the washing cooling pipe, the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe, and are used to detect the pressure on the cooling pipe after the active pipe closing mechanism and the passive pipe closing mechanism of the corresponding cooling pipe are blocked; The passive tube closing mechanism comprises: A plurality of L-shaped tubes are sealed tubes, which respectively connect the washing cooling pipe with the first connecting pipe, the fan cooling pipe with the second connecting pipe, the granulation cooling pipe with the third connecting pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe with the third connecting pipe; a float located at the connection between each of the communicating pipes and each of the L-shaped cylinders, and used to block the other end of the cooling pipe under the action of water pressure after the other cooling pipes pass through the communicating pipes and enter the L-shaped cylinder; An elastic member, one end of which is connected to the float, and the other end of which is fixed in each of the L-shaped cylinders, is used for resetting the float.

2. A cooling system capable of automatically detecting water leakage locations in steelmaking production according to claim 1, characterized in that: When it is necessary to detect the pressure on the washing and cooling pipe, the active pipe closing mechanism on the washing and cooling pipe blocks one end of the washing and cooling pipe close to the water outlet of the cooling tower. The water at the water outlet sequentially passes through the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe, and forms a loop through the L-shaped cylinder on the washing and cooling pipe through each of the connecting pipes, forcing the float on the washing and cooling pipe to move, blocking the other end of the cooling pipe close to the washing tower, thereby detecting the pressure in the washing detection pipe. The active tube closing mechanism comprises: A plurality of circular tubes, which are respectively located near the water outlet of each of the washing cooling pipe, the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe, and each of the circular tubes is connected to a water injection mechanism; A float ball is located at the connection between each cooling pipe and each circular tube, and is used to seal each cooling pipe with water pressure under the action of a water injection mechanism; An elastic member, one end of which is connected to the float, and the other end of which is fixed in each of the circular tubes, is used for resetting the float.

3. The cooling system capable of automatically detecting water leakage locations in steelmaking production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water injection mechanism comprises: The water injection cylinder is a cylinder with four water injection holes formed thereon. The four water injection holes are arranged along the axis of the water injection cylinder and are respectively connected to the washing cooling pipe, the fan cooling pipe, the granulation cooling pipe, and the hot air cooling pipe near the water outlet. The water inlet cylinder is located in the water injection cylinder and is coaxially arranged with the water injection cylinder. A circular hole is opened on it. One end of the water inlet cylinder is connected to the water outlet of the cooling tower through a pipe, and the other end is connected to an external motor through an electric rod. It is used to move back and forth in the water injection cylinder so that the four water injection holes are respectively connected to the pipes of the water injection cylinder, so that the water in the water inlet cylinder enters the corresponding pipe through the pipe for detection.

4. A cooling system capable of automatically detecting water leakage locations in steelmaking production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the measuring mechanisms comprises: The measuring tube has an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the corresponding washing cooling pipe, fan cooling pipe, and granulation cooling pipe, and its two ends are respectively connected to the disconnection gaps on the corresponding washing cooling pipe, fan cooling pipe, and granulation cooling pipe. Multiple magnetic induction sheets are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the measuring tube and arranged in a straight line. The floating ring is in the shape of a hollow ring and is mounted on the inner side of the measuring tube. Its axis coincides with the axis of the measuring tube. Two recesses are provided on its outer wall, on the inner side of the measuring tube. Magnetic beads are placed in both recesses. The length of the floating ring is ≤ the width of each magnetic induction sheet, and the distance between the two recesses is equal to the width of the magnetic induction sheet. The floating ring is used to move back and forth in the measuring tube under the pressure in the measuring tube, thereby causing the magnetic beads to move back and forth. The position of the magnetic beads is measured by an external electromagnetic coil to determine the hydraulic pressure difference on both sides of the floating ring in the measuring tube.

5. The cooling system capable of automatically detecting water leakage locations in steelmaking production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting pipe is provided, one end of which is connected to the connection point between the first connecting pipe and the washing cooling pipe, and the other end is connected to the cooling tower; the connecting pipe is used to form a closed loop between the cooling tower and each of the cooling pipes and each of the connecting pipes, thereby avoiding waste of water resources.

6. A cooling system capable of automatically detecting water leakage locations in steelmaking production according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular disc is provided at the connection point between each of the communicating pipes and each of the cooling pipes. The annular disc is used to divert water flowing into each of the communicating pipes to each of the L-shaped cylinders.

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