A rolling magnet tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device

Abstract

The present invention provides a rolling magnet tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device, comprising a fixed magnet, two limiting magnets, a moving magnet, two modulating magnets, and a coil. The fixed magnet is long, with one of its long sides serving as a moving track. The two limiting magnets are positioned at the head and tail ends of the fixed magnet's moving track. The two modulating magnets are positioned parallel to the moving track, with their centers connected parallel to and equidistant from the fixed magnets. All magnets are arranged in a single plane, with the moving magnet configured to move only along the moving track. There is an attractive force between the moving magnet and the fixed magnet, while there is a repulsive force between the moving magnet and the limiting magnets and the modulating magnet. The coil is positioned on one side of the moving track and connected to an external current outlet. This energy harvesting structure achieves tristable characteristics and has advantages such as a wide response bandwidth, high sensitivity, and ease of adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic vibration energy capture, in particular to a rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy collection device. Background Art

[0002] Power supply networks for sensors and data transmission are widely used in industrial processes and health monitoring. Traditional energy supply methods require either wired connections to the power supply or battery replacement. This approach is very costly, as all measurement points require wiring. Recent developments in health monitoring include minimizing the number of sensors and power consumption, but maintaining the energy supply remains a challenge and may require additional equipment. In this context, utilizing ambient energy to power sensors has attracted considerable attention.

[0003] Energy harvesting, which uses methods to convert various forms of environmental energy into electrical energy, which can then be used to charge batteries or power sensors through energy management components, is a green energy technology. Environmental energy comes from a variety of sources, including solar energy, wind energy, thermal gradient energy, and vibration energy. Solar and wind energy are significantly affected by environmental and weather factors and are highly unstable; thermal gradient energy requires significant temperature fluctuations for conversion and has low efficiency. As one of the most ubiquitous renewable energy sources, vibration energy is relatively stable and widely present in mechanical structures (such as automobiles, high-speed trains, aircraft, and machine tools), large structures (such as buildings and bridges), and organisms (such as pulse, heartbeat, and limb movement). It can also be converted from other green energy sources (such as wind energy and fluid energy). Currently, the main methods used for vibration energy harvesting include electrostatic, electromagnetic, and piezoelectric methods. Electromagnetic energy harvesting, with its low internal resistance and high output current, has attracted considerable attention for its application in certain specialized applications.

[0004] The key challenge in the application of electromagnetic vibration energy capture systems is designing efficient energy capture structures for environmental vibrations and integrating them with external circuits to power low-power electronic devices. Traditional linear electromagnetic vibration energy capture structures have a narrow response band and can only generate significant power output near the system's resonant frequency. However, the frequencies of environmental vibrations are often distributed over a wide frequency band and exhibit a certain degree of randomness. When used in such situations, the energy capture efficiency of linear systems is significantly affected, creating a bottleneck restricting the development of electromagnetic vibration energy capture technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, people have been seeking an ideal technical solution. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art and thereby provide a rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device with a wide response bandwidth, high sensitivity and easy adjustment.

[0007] Specifically, the rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device uses a long permanent magnet as a moving track, a cylindrical moving magnet cooperates with it to roll on the moving track, and then adds a pair of limiting magnets to limit the vibration range of the moving magnet, and adds two modulation magnets to broaden the response bandwidth. Through external excitation, the moving magnet produces displacement and generates electrical energy when passing through the coil. Under the action of the limiting magnet and the modulation magnet, the nonlinear tristable characteristics are realized. By adjusting the spacing between the limiting magnets, the spacing between the modulation magnet and the fixed magnet, and the spacing between the modulation magnets, the device can be greatly enriched to adapt to different environmental vibration frequencies, improve the energy capture efficiency, and construct a tristable system with different nonlinear restoring forces.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device, comprising a fixed magnet, two limiting magnets, two modulation magnets, a moving magnet and a coil;

[0009] The fixed magnet is configured in a long strip shape, and one of the long sides of the fixed magnet serves as a motion track;

[0010] The two limiting magnets are respectively arranged at the head and tail ends of the fixed magnet motion track;

[0011] The two modulation magnets are arranged parallel to the moving track, and the center line is parallel to the fixed magnet and the distance from the center of the fixed magnet is equal;

[0012] The fixed magnet, the limiting magnet, the modulating magnet and the moving magnet are all arranged in a plane, the moving magnet is configured to move only along the moving track, the moving magnet and the fixed magnet are in attractive force, and the moving magnet and the two limiting magnets and the two modulating magnets are in repulsive force;

[0013] The coil is configured to be arranged on one side of the moving track, and the moving track of the moving magnet passes through one end of the coil so as to generate an induced current in the coil.

[0014] Based on the above, the moving magnet, two limiting magnets and two modulation magnets are all cylinders, and the diameters of the moving magnet, two limiting magnets and two modulation magnets are equal. The moving magnet rolls with the moving track, and the diameter of the moving magnet is equal to the thickness of the fixed magnet.

[0015] Based on the above, the position of the limiting magnet on the motion track is adjustable.

[0016] Based on the above, the distance between the two modulation magnets and the moving track is adjustable.

[0017] Based on the above, the distance between the two modulation magnets is adjustable.

[0018] Based on the above, the fixed magnet is a rectangular strip structure.

[0019] Based on the above, one of the vertical side surfaces of the fixed magnet serves as a motion track, and a supporting structure for supporting the movement of the moving magnet is provided at the bottom end of the motion track.

[0020] Based on the above, guardrails for limiting the displacement of the moving magnet are provided on the opposite sides of the moving track. The guardrails, supporting structure, moving track and two limiting magnets together form a closed moving space. The moving magnet is located in the moving space. The modulation magnet is installed based on the guardrails, and the empty surface of the moving space is provided with end covers.

[0021] Based on the above, the coil is a copper core enameled wire structure, the number of the coil is at least one, and the coil is externally connected to an electric energy collection module.

[0022] Basically, the excitation is applied in the same direction as the movement direction of the moving magnet.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has outstanding substantial features and significant progress. Specifically, the present invention designs a long fixed magnet, one side of which is used as a track surface. The moving magnet moves along the track surface, and there is attraction between the moving magnet and the fixed magnet. The advantages of this design are: the moving magnet is less restricted and has high sensitivity to external excitation, and can receive external excitation with lower amplitude. At the same time, the fixed magnet attracts the moving magnet so that it does not deviate from its motion track, so that it has higher sensitivity under regular motion; the limiting magnets at both ends are used to limit the stroke of the moving magnet, prompting the moving magnet to generate reciprocating motion after receiving external excitation; the two modulation magnets combined with the fixed magnet and the limiting magnet can make the system exhibit tristable characteristics, thereby prompting the moving magnet to have a more complex motion form, a wider response frequency band, and improve the power generation efficiency.

[0024] Furthermore, the positions of the limiting magnet and the modulating magnet are flexibly adjustable, so that the movement of the moving magnet exhibits different nonlinear characteristics. Specifically, the device is placed horizontally, and the distance between the two limiting magnets, the distance between the modulating magnet and the fixed magnet, and the spacing between the two modulating magnets are adjusted to realize a three-stable system with different nonlinear restoring force characteristics, so that the system has a wider response frequency band, solving the problem of the current linear system's narrow frequency band. The structural design is simple, and disassembly, upgrading, replacement and adjustment are very convenient.

[0025] Furthermore, the diameters of the two limiting magnets, the moving magnet, and the thickness of the fixed magnet are equal, so that the motion state of the moving magnet is easy to calculate and controllable, and the moving magnet can also achieve a relatively regular motion state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural principle diagram of the rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a top view of the rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a side view of the rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a side view of the rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a top view of the rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 1 is a diagram of the tristable potential energy function of the rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Fixed magnet; 2. Limiting magnet; 3. Moving magnet; 4. Moving track; 5. Coil; 6. Support structure; 7. Guardrail; 8. End cover; 9. Modulating magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific implementation methods.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, a rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device includes a fixed magnet 1, two limiting magnets 2, a moving magnet 3, two modulation magnets 9 and a coil 5;

[0036] The fixed magnet 1 is configured as a long strip, and one of the long sides of the fixed magnet 1 serves as the moving track 4. In this embodiment, one of the vertical sides of the fixed magnet 1 serves as the moving track 4, and a supporting structure 6, such as a supporting plane, is provided below the fixed magnet to serve as a limiting surface or support surface for the movement of the moving magnet.

[0037] The two limiting magnets 2 are respectively arranged at the head and tail ends of the moving track 4 of the fixed magnet 1, and their main function is to limit the travel range of the moving magnet.

[0038] The two modulation magnets 9 are arranged parallel to the moving track 4, with the center line parallel to the fixed magnet 1 and the same distance from the center of the fixed magnet 1; its main function is to change the nonlinear restoring force of the moving magnet so that it exhibits a tristable characteristic.

[0039] The moving magnet 3 is configured to be able to move only along the moving track 4. There is an attractive force between the moving magnet 3 and the fixed magnet 1, a repulsive force between the moving magnet 3 and the two limiting magnets 2, and a repulsive force between the moving magnet 3 and the two modulation magnets 9. The fixed magnet 1 prevents the moving magnet 3 from deviating from the moving track 4 by attracting the moving magnet 3. The limiting magnet 2 limits the moving magnet 3 from reciprocating on the moving track 4 through the repulsive force. The modulation magnet cooperates with the limiting magnet to make the nonlinear restoring force of the moving magnet have a tristable characteristic.

[0040] The coil 5 is configured to be arranged on one side of the moving track 4, and the moving trajectory of the moving magnet 3 passes through one end of the coil 5 so as to generate an induced current in the coil 5. In this embodiment, the coil 5 uses a copper-core enameled wire and an external power collection module to convert, store or output the collected electrical energy.

[0041] Working principle: When capturing vibration energy, the device can be excited in the same direction as the moving track 4 of the moving magnet 3. Under the excitation, the moving magnet 3 rolls along the moving track 4 of the fixed magnet 1, thereby generating a changing magnetic field, thereby generating an induced current in the coil 5. By drawing out the current in the coil 5 and collecting it, the open-circuit voltage of the coil 5 can be obtained. To widen the response bandwidth, the position of the limiting magnet 2 on the moving track 4 is adjustable; in addition, the spacing of the modulation magnet 9 from the moving track is adjustable, and the distance between the two modulation magnets 9 is also adjustable; through the combined action of the limiting magnet 2 and the modulation magnet 9, the nonlinear restoring force of the moving magnet 3 can exhibit a tristable characteristic.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, in order to optimize the performance of the device, the moving magnet 3, the two limiting magnets 2 and the modulation magnet 9 are set as cylinders, and the diameters of the moving magnet 3, the two limiting magnets 2 and the modulation magnet are equal, the moving magnet 3 and the moving track 4 are in rolling cooperation, and the thickness of the moving magnet 3 is equal to the thickness of the fixed magnet 1.

[0044] The fixed magnet 1 is a rectangular long strip structure, and one of the vertical side surfaces of the fixed magnet 1 serves as a moving track. The bottom end of the moving track 4 is provided with a supporting structure 6 for supporting the movement of the moving magnet. The supporting structure 6 is a planar supporting surface in this embodiment, and the coil 5 is embedded in the supporting surface. The axis of the coil 5 passes through the moving track of the moving magnet 3.

[0045] In other embodiments, the moving magnet, the limiting magnet, and the modulating magnet may also be annular magnets.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a guardrail 7 is provided on the opposite side of the moving track 4 to limit the displacement of the moving magnet. The guardrail 7, the supporting structure 6, the moving track 4 and the two limiting magnets 2 together form a closed moving space. The moving magnet is located in the moving space. The modulation magnet 9 can be installed based on the guardrail 7 and can be adjusted along the adjustment slot provided on the guardrail 7. The distance between the modulating magnet 9 and the moving track 4 can be adjusted. This structure can adapt to more application environments, is less restricted, and external excitation can also be directly applied to the external structure ( Figure 4 The modulation magnet is not shown due to viewing angle issues, which does not affect the meaning.)

[0048] Preferably, the vacant surface of the movement space is provided with an end cover, and by completely enclosing the moving magnet in the closed space, the device can be applied to a wider range of application fields, such as powering portable electronic components.

[0049] In other embodiments, the fixed magnet may be a long strip structure with an arc, and the movable track of the fixed magnet is designed to be the top surface. The moving magnet will also produce a reciprocating motion under the influence of its own gravity during the movement process.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention. They should all be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device, characterized in that: It includes a fixed magnet, two limiting magnets, two modulation magnets, a moving magnet and a coil; The fixed magnet is configured in a long strip shape, and one of the long sides of the fixed magnet serves as a motion track; The two limiting magnets are respectively arranged at the head and tail ends of the fixed magnet motion track; The two modulation magnets are arranged parallel to the moving track, and the center line is parallel to the fixed magnet and the distance from the center of the fixed magnet is equal; The fixed magnet, the limiting magnet, the modulating magnet and the moving magnet are all arranged in a plane, the moving magnet is configured to move only along the moving track, the moving magnet and the fixed magnet are in attractive force, and the moving magnet and the two limiting magnets and the two modulating magnets are in repulsive force; The coil is arranged on one side of the moving track, and the moving track of the moving magnet passes through one end of the coil so as to generate an induced current in the coil.

2. The rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving magnet, two limiting magnets and two modulation magnets are all cylindrical or annular, and the diameters of the moving magnet, two limiting magnets and two modulation magnets are equal. The moving magnet rolls with the moving track, and the thickness of the moving magnet is equal to that of the fixed magnet.

3. The rolling magnet tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The position of the limiting magnet on the motion track is adjustable.

4. The rolling magnet tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The distances between the two modulation magnets and the moving track are adjustable.

5. The rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the two modulation magnets is adjustable.

6. The rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed magnet is a rectangular strip structure.

7. The rolling magnet tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: One of the vertical side surfaces of the fixed magnet serves as a motion track, and a supporting structure for supporting the movement of the moving magnet is provided at the bottom end of the motion track.

8. The rolling magnet tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A guardrail for limiting the displacement of the moving magnet is provided on the opposite side of the moving track. The guardrail, supporting structure, moving track and two limiting magnets together form a closed moving space. The moving magnet is located in the moving space. The modulation magnet is installed based on the guardrail. The vacant surface of the moving space is provided with an end cover.

9. The rolling magnet tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coil is a copper core enameled wire structure, the number of the coil is at least one, and the coil is externally connected to an electric energy collection module.

10. The rolling magnet type tristable electromagnetic energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation is applied in the same direction as the movement direction of the moving magnet.

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