Power Grid Environment Monitoring System and Method Based on 5G LoRa Dynamic Gateway

Abstract

This application relates to a power grid environment monitoring system and method based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway. Among them, the method includes: LoRa relays and sensing nodes collect power grid environment data in the blind area covered by communication base stations; the LoRa relays and sensing nodes send the power grid environment data to the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node; the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node sends the power grid environment data to the power grid central cloud server through a 5G base station. Through this application, the problems of high construction cost, poor terminal mobility, large operation and maintenance difficulty, and inflexible expansion caused by using wired network transmission methods to externally connect various sensing devices and controllers in mobile signal blind areas are solved. Through the flexible self-organizing network of 5G smart grids and LPWANs such as LoRa, real-time monitoring and monitoring management of the entire power transmission and distribution network with all-round and large coverage are realized, which has the advantages of being independently controllable, low operating cost, good signal coverage, and flexible networking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of intelligent monitoring of the power grid environment, and in particular to a power grid environment monitoring system, method, computer device, and computer-readable storage medium based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway. Background Art

[0002] The traditional power grid has been replaced by an infrastructure based on the modern Internet, and a communication system for smart grids (SG) has been constructed. The development of smart grids requires the generalization and intelligence of online monitoring of power grid states. In addition to the main power transmission network, it also includes various substations for power transmission and distribution with wide geographical distribution and different environments. Currently, the monitoring of power transmission and distribution is developing towards real-time monitoring and perception of all links and all nodes, dynamic risk assessment, and active fault judgment, which puts forward new requirements for the power communication network. Based on the characteristics of high speed, high capacity, high reliability, low latency, low energy consumption, and high scalability of the 5G network, the construction pace of the power Internet can be accelerated in terms of Internet of Everything, precise control, massive monitoring, and ultra-wideband communication; it supports the in-depth development of "cloud, big data, Internet of Things, mobile, and artificial intelligence", can enrich and optimize the functions of smart grids, improve their operation quality, and reduce the probability of faults. At the same time, the 5G end connection highly depends on communication base stations, especially in the power grid environment with poor signal coverage and penetration ability, and effective coverage cannot be achieved in complex power transmission and distribution environments such as cable tunnels and unmanned areas; the constraints on expanding the current functions of smart grids by 5G communication are mainly concentrated on the communication technology limitations of the "last mile" of power transmission and distribution terminals. Currently, wired network transmission methods such as optical fibers are generally used in a large number of mobile signal blind areas such as cable tunnels and unmanned areas, with various external sensing devices and controllers connected. However, due to limited space in the tunnel, long distances, wide distribution, and construction environment restrictions in unmanned areas, the wired method has defects such as high construction costs, poor terminal mobility, difficult operation and maintenance, and inflexible expansion.

[0003] LPWANs (Low Power Wide Area Networks) such as LoRa are superior to NB-IoT, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and WiFi technologies in terms of transmission distance, and have advantages such as autonomous controllability, low operating costs, good signal coverage, and flexible networking, making them suitable for wireless sensor networking in complex environments such as signal blind areas in unmanned areas. It is extremely urgent to develop an effective combination of 5G smart grids and flexible self-organizing networks of LPWANs to build an economic, high-quality, flexible, and intelligent power transmission and distribution environment and realize a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway emergency networking monitoring system.

[0004] Currently, for the wired network transmission method used in mobile signal blind areas in related technologies to connect various external sensing devices and controllers, there are problems such as high construction costs, poor terminal mobility, difficult operation and maintenance, and inflexible expansion, and no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a power grid environment monitoring system, method, computer device, and computer-readable storage medium based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway, so as to at least solve the problems of high construction cost, poor terminal mobility, large operation and maintenance difficulty, and inflexible expansion in the related art when various sensing devices and controllers are externally connected by a wired network transmission method in mobile signal blind areas.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a power grid environment monitoring system based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway, including:

[0007] Multiple 5G LoRa dynamic network nodes and 5G base stations;

[0008] The multiple 5G LoRa dynamic network nodes include: LoRa relays, sensing nodes, and 5G LoRa intelligent network nodes. Among them, the LoRa relays and sensing nodes are used to collect power grid environment data in the coverage blind area of the communication base station and send the collected power grid environment data to the 5G LoRa intelligent network node; the 5G LoRa intelligent network node is used to send the power grid environment data to the power grid center cloud server through the 5G base station.

[0009] Further, the 5G LoRa dynamic network node has LoRa sensor network function, LoRa relay communication function, and 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function. Among them, the 5G LoRa dynamic network node includes:

[0010] A function selection activation switch for setting the function of the 5G LoRa dynamic network node;

[0011] Among them, the 5G LoRa dynamic network node set to have the LoRa sensor network function and the LoRa relay communication function is the LoRa relay and sensing node; the 5G LoRa dynamic network node set to have the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function is the 5G LoRa intelligent network node.

[0012] Further, the 5G LoRa dynamic network node further includes:

[0013] A sensor module for collecting the power grid environment data;

[0014] An ARM main control chip for processing the power grid environment data;

[0015] An ATK-LoRa-01 module for sending the processed power grid environment data.

[0016] Further, the 5G LoRa dynamic network node further includes:

[0017] A LoRa module, configured to receive the processed power grid environment data sent by the ATK-LoRa-01 module, and form the processed power grid environment data into an MQTT data frame;

[0018] An operating system, configured to control the network conversion between the LoRa side and the 5G side;

[0019] A 5G module, configured to convert the MQTT data frame into the 5G data frame.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a power grid environment monitoring method based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway, including:

[0021] LoRa relays and sensing nodes collect power grid environment data in blind areas covered by communication base stations;

[0022] The LoRa relays and sensing nodes send the power grid environment data to the 5G LoRa intelligent network gateway node;

[0023] The 5G LoRa intelligent network gateway node sends the power grid environment data to the power grid central cloud server through a 5G base station.

[0024] Further, the LoRa relays and sensing nodes collecting power grid environment data in blind areas covered by communication base stations includes:

[0025] Using a sensor module to collect the power grid environment data;

[0026] Using an ARM main control chip to perform analog-to-digital conversion, frame encapsulation, and spread spectrum modulation processing on the power grid environment data;

[0027] Using the ATK-LoRa-01 module to send the processed power grid environment data.

[0028] Further, the LoRa relays and sensing nodes sending the power grid environment data to the 5G LoRa intelligent network gateway node includes:

[0029] The m-th LoRa relay and sensing node collects the power grid environment data in the monitoring area, aggregates the power grid environment data of the previous m-1 LoRa relays and sensing nodes, multiplexes the power grid environment data collected by the m LoRa relays and sensing nodes into a frame, and transmits it to the (m + 1)-th LoRa relay and sensing node until the power grid environment data is transmitted to the 5G LoRa intelligent network gateway node; where 1 ≤ m ≤ M, and M is the number of LoRa relays and sensing nodes whose routing converges to the 5G LoRa intelligent network gateway node.

[0030] Further, the 5G LoRa intelligent network gateway node sending the power grid environment data to the power grid central cloud server through the 5G base station includes:

[0031] Using an adaptation module to perform network conversion between the LoRa side and the 5G side;

[0032] Receiving the power grid environment data on the LoRa side and forming it into an MQTT data frame;

[0033] Converting the MQTT data frame into a 5G data frame on the 5G side;

[0034] The 5G LoRa intelligent network gateway node sending the 5G data frame to the power grid central cloud server through the 5G base station.

[0035] Further, before the LoRa relay and sensing nodes collect the power grid environment data in the blind area covered by the communication base station, the method further includes:

[0036] Setting up multiple 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes to be distributed and deployed along the power transmission and distribution lines in a link - type structure;

[0037] Activating the 5G signal detection function of the multiple 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes;

[0038] Locating and determining the 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station, activating the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function of the determined 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station, turning off the LoRa sensing network function and LoRa relay communication function of the determined 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station, and marking the determined 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station as the 5G LoRa intelligent network gateway nodes;

[0039] For the other 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes among the multiple 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes except the determined 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station, turning off the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function, activating the LoRa sensing network function and LoRa relay communication function, and marking the other 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes as the LoRa relay and sensing nodes.

[0040] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the power grid environment monitoring method based on the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway as described in the second aspect above.

[0041] Compared with the related technologies, in the power grid environment monitoring system and method based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway provided by the embodiments of the present application, LoRa relays and sensing nodes collect power grid environment data in blind areas covered by communication base stations; the LoRa relays and sensing nodes send the power grid environment data to the 5G LoRa intelligent network gateway node; the 5G LoRa intelligent network gateway node sends the power grid environment data to the power grid central cloud server through a 5G base station, solving the problems of high construction cost, poor terminal mobility, large operation and maintenance difficulty, and inflexible expansion when using a wired network transmission method to externally connect various sensing devices and controllers in mobile signal blind areas. Through the flexible self-organizing network of 5G smart grids and LPWANs such as LoRa, real-time monitoring and monitoring management of the entire power transmission and distribution network with all-round and large coverage are realized, and it has the advantages of being self-controlled, having a low operating cost, good signal coverage, and flexible networking.

[0042] Details of one or more embodiments of the present application are set forth in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects, and advantages of the present application more comprehensible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of emergency networking and deployment based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a power grid environment monitoring system based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 4 is a flowchart of a power grid environment monitoring method based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a power grid environment monitoring process based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the MQTT function according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0051] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer and more understandable, the present application will be described and explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided in the present application without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0052] Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings. In addition, it can also be understood that although the efforts made in such a development process may be complex and lengthy, for those of ordinary skill in the art related to the content disclosed in the present application, some design, manufacturing or production changes based on the technical content disclosed in the present application are only conventional technical means and should not be understood that the content disclosed in the present application is insufficient.

[0053] Referring to "embodiments" in the present application means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears in various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described in the present application can be combined with other embodiments without conflict.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms involved in this application shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those with ordinary skills in the technical field to which this application pertains. The words such as "a", "an", "one kind", "the" and the like involved in this application do not indicate a quantity limitation and may represent a singular or plural number. The terms "include", "comprise", "have" and any variations thereof involved in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or modules (units) is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may further include unlisted steps or units, or may further include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The similar words such as "connect", "be connected", "be coupled" and the like involved in this application are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The "multiple" involved in this application means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and back associated objects. The terms "first", "second", "third" and the like involved in this application are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific sorting of the objects.

[0055] In view of the problems such as the complex environment of the power transmission and distribution network, the existence of diverse communication blind areas, and the limited expansion of 5G smart grid service functions, this application proposes a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway and implements a 5G LoRa dynamic emergency self-organizing network Internet of Things monitoring platform for the power transmission and distribution network to achieve all-round, large-coverage, dead-angle-free, real-time monitoring and health management. The 5G extended wireless sensor network construction in the signal blind area environment is realized by using the LoRa multi-node cascading method, and the feasibility, accuracy of the 5G LoRa Internet of Things monitoring platform and the real-time response to state changes are achieved. By designing the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway function module, dynamically planning the emergency networking and deployment of the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway, 5G signal detection and adaptive topology formation, and activating the intelligent gateway function of the 5G LoRa dynamic network node and the functions of the remaining LoRa nodes according to the confirmed available 5G base station positioning, a power grid environment monitoring system and method based on the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway are constructed and implemented.

[0056] A power grid environment monitoring system and method based on the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway provided by this application are used to solve the problem of supporting the widespread telecom monitoring blind areas in diverse power grid environments and ensuring the development and function extension of 5G smart grid services.

[0057] Advantages of this application:

[0058] (1) The constraints of the current intelligent 5G expansion function of the power transmission and distribution network mainly focus on the communication technology limitations of the "last mile" of power terminal equipment. The emergency networking of the power grid environment by the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway targets areas with poor mobile signals or where it is impossible to deploy mobile base stations, and conducts effective emergency, temporary, and blind spot supplement networking.

[0059] (2) The emergency networking and flexible deployment of the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway automatically detect the 5G base station access areas and blind spots within a large area of up to 100 kilometers. Through the function module selection switch, the network functions of the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway are activated and identified, and adaptive, intelligent networking and topology planning are carried out.

[0060] (3) The DV shortest path routing algorithm is used to converge the routing to determine the communication path, and functions such as breakpoint redundant continuation and automatic addressing are supported to enhance the robustness of the network.

[0061] (4) The 5G LoRa intelligent gateway realizes the adaptation and optimization of the LoRa and 5G protocols, LoRa physical isolation and security management, central control of the 5G LoRa fusion network, and the traceability and positioning of abnormal data.

[0062] As Figure 1 shown, all 5G LoRa dynamic gateways are developed and configured with three function modules, and function selection activation switches are set for adaptive activation and function role identification, specifically including:

[0063] (1) LoRa sensor network function

[0064] The 5G LoRa dynamic gateway integrates the terminal control module to collect power grid environment data through sensors, mainly including temperature sensors, humidity sensors, harmful gas sensors, water level sensors, overcurrent sensors, and power loss sensors, etc., to monitor power grid accident-prone environments such as ambient temperature, humidity, biogas, and leakage, as well as power grid status indicators.

[0065] (2) LoRa relay communication function module

[0066] The 5G LoRa dynamic gateway also acts as a relay to complete data communication between adjacent nodes. Through a multi-hop topology structure, it completes long-distance and large-scale coverage of LoRa self-networking. When at the LoRa coverage boundary, there are bends between nodes, or there are mountainous obstacles between nodes, LoRa relays are set up, and data relay transmission is carried out through a cascaded networking method, and breakpoint redundant continuation and automatic addressing are supported.

[0067] (3) 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function

[0068] The 5G LoRa dynamic gateway development adapter integrates the functions of the LoRa gateway side and the 5G gateway side to complete the adaptation of LoRa and 5G protocols, software and hardware; aggregates the self-organizing network data of LoRa and executes functions such as security management, physical isolation, and identity authentication; executes instruction distribution and remote control of the LoRa self-organizing network.

[0069] Based on the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway described above, as Figure 2 shown, the embodiments of the emergency networking and deployment based on the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway include the following steps:

[0070] S1: The emergency networking deployment of the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node may include the following steps:

[0071] (1) Set N 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes and deploy them in a link structure along the power transmission and distribution lines.

[0072] (2) Activate N 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes, set the directional transmission mode, and all adjacent nodes perform half-duplex two-way communication.

[0073] (3) Dynamically adjust the actual spacing of all 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes, complete ranging, and keep the data uplink and downlink channels of adjacent nodes in series.

[0074] S2: The 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node starts 5G mobile signal detection and network topology planning, including the following steps:

[0075] (1) N 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes activate the 5G signal detection function, detect parameters such as the PSRP signal strength, SINR, and bandwidth of 5G base stations in the deployment range of each 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node, determine the available 5G base stations, and mark the corresponding deployment points of 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes.

[0076] (2) Locate and determine the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes deployed in the accessible 5G base stations, activate the function selection switch of the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway, turn off the function selection switches of the LoRa sensor network and the LoRa relay communication, mark them as 5G LoRa intelligent gateway nodes, and broadcast notifications to other 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes.

[0077] (3) After receiving the activation broadcast confirmation frame of the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node, other 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes turn off the function selection switch of the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway, activate the LoRa sensor network function and the LoRa relay communication function, and mark them as LoRa relay and sensor nodes.

[0078] (4) According to the 5G base station signal measurement, adaptively plan the functional roles of all 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes, establish a new adaptive network topology structure, and obtain a power grid environment monitoring system based on 5G LoRa dynamic gateways, as Figure 3 shown.

[0079] It should be noted that the 5G LoRa ad-hoc network has routing convergence and breakpoint continuation functions, which specifically include the following steps:

[0080] (1) Calculate the distances from each LoRa relay and sensing node to the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node, and determine the 5G LoRa ad-hoc network uplink communication path according to the shortest path routing DV algorithm. Taking the M nodes in Figure 3 to determine the communication link as an example, describe the 5G LoRa ad-hoc network.

[0081] (2) Set the primary and backup functions for each LoRa relay and sensing node, deploy redundant LoRa nodes. The primary node executes the LoRa sensor network function and the LoRa relay communication function; the backup node shuts down the LoRa sensor network function and the LoRa relay communication function, and receives the primary node signal continuously with low power consumption. When the primary node fails, the backup node sets a signal reception threshold without signal for 3 frame periods, and activates the LoRa sensor network function and the LoRa relay communication function of the backup node.

[0082] (3) When the primary node fails, enable the backup node. The backup node sets the same directional channel as the primary node, performs automatic discovery with adjacent LoRa nodes, and completes the MAC ID identification and access with the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node; when the primary node failure is recovered, it automatically switches to the backup node function state.

[0083] As Figure 3 shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a power grid environment monitoring system based on 5G LoRa dynamic gateways, including: a plurality of 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes and 5G base stations. Among them, the plurality of 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes include: LoRa relays, sensing nodes, and 5G LoRa intelligent gateway nodes. Among them, the LoRa relays and sensing nodes are used to collect power grid environment data in the blind area covered by the communication base station, and send the collected power grid environment data to the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node; the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node is used to send the power grid environment data to the power grid center cloud server through the 5G base station.

[0084] Optionally, the 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway node has a LoRa sensor network function, a LoRa relay communication function, and a 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function. Among them, as Figure 1 shown, the 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway node includes:

[0085] A function selection activation switch for setting the functions of the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node;

[0086] Among them, the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node set to have the LoRa sensor network function and the LoRa relay communication function is the LoRa relay and sensor node; the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node set to have the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function is the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node.

[0087] Optionally, as Figure 1 shown, the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node further includes:

[0088] A sensor module for collecting the power grid environment data;

[0089] An ARM main control chip for processing the power grid environment data; the ARM main control chip can be an STM32F1 main control chip;

[0090] An ATK-LoRa-01 module for sending the processed power grid environment data.

[0091] Optionally, as Figure 1 shown, the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node further includes:

[0092] A LoRa module for receiving the processed power grid environment data sent by the ATK-LoRa-01 module and forming an MQTT data frame with the processed power grid environment data;

[0093] An operating system for controlling the network conversion between the LoRa side and the 5G side;

[0094] A 5G module for converting the MQTT data frame into a 5G data frame.

[0095] Based on the power grid environment monitoring system based on the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway in the above-described embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application further provide a method for monitoring the power grid environment based on the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway.

[0096] Figure 4 is a flowchart of the method for monitoring the power grid environment based on the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway according to the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 4 shown, the method includes:

[0097] Step S401, the LoRa relay and sensor node collects the power grid environment data in the blind area covered by the communication base station;

[0098] Step S402, the LoRa relay and the sensing node send the grid environment data to the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node;

[0099] Step S403, the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node sends the grid environment data to the grid central cloud server through the 5G base station.

[0100] Optionally, in step S401, the LoRa relay and the sensing node collect the grid environment data in the blind area covered by the communication base station, including:

[0101] Collect the grid environment data using the sensor module;

[0102] Perform analog-to-digital conversion, frame encapsulation, and spread spectrum modulation processing on the grid environment data using the ARM main control chip;

[0103] Send the processed grid environment data using the ATK-LoRa-01 module.

[0104] Optionally, in step S402, the LoRa relay and the sensing node send the grid environment data to the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node, including:

[0105] The m-th LoRa relay and sensing node collects the grid environment data in the monitoring area, aggregates the grid environment data of the previous m-1 LoRa relay and sensing nodes, multiplexes the grid environment data collected by the m LoRa relay and sensing nodes into a frame, and transmits it to the (m + 1)-th LoRa relay and sensing node until the grid environment data is transmitted to the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node; where 1 ≤ m ≤ M, and M is the number of LoRa relay and sensing nodes whose routes converge to the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node.

[0106] Optionally, in step S403, the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node sends the grid environment data to the grid central cloud server through the 5G base station, including:

[0107] Use the adaptation module to perform network conversion between the LoRa side and the 5G side;

[0108] Receive the grid environment data on the LoRa side and form an MQTT data frame;

[0109] Perform conversion of the MQTT data frame into a 5G data frame on the 5G side;

[0110] The 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node sends the 5G data frame to the grid central cloud server through the 5G base station.

[0111] Optionally, before the LoRa relay and sensing nodes collect power grid environment data in the blind area covered by the communication base station in step S401, the method further includes:

[0112] Deploy multiple 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes along the power transmission and distribution lines in a link - type structure;

[0113] Activate the 5G signal detection function of the multiple 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes;

[0114] Locate and determine the 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station, activate the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function of the determined 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station, turn off the LoRa sensor network function and LoRa relay communication function of the determined 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station, and mark the determined 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station as the 5G LoRa intelligent network gateway nodes;

[0115] For the other 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes among the multiple 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes except the determined 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station, turn off the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function, activate the LoRa sensor network function and LoRa relay communication function, and mark the other 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway nodes as the LoRa relay and sensing nodes. As Figure 5 shown, the power grid environment monitoring process based on the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0116] S1: The LoRa relay and sensing nodes perform sensor network power grid environment data collection and frame encapsulation. Specifically, it includes:

[0117] (1) After the 5G LoRa dynamic network gateway node activates the LoRa sensor network function selection switch, power grid environment data collection is implemented. The sensor network integrates sensor modules such as DHT11 temperature and humidity sensors, smoke sensors, and water level sensors, an STM32F1 main control chip, and an ATK - LoRa - 01 module (the spread - spectrum chip is SX1278). The sensors collect data and are connected to the STM32F1 main control chip through the serial port.

[0118] (2) The STM32F1 main control chip performs analog - to - digital conversion, encrypts the monitoring data in the framed process data part, and encapsulates CRC check redundancy, source ID, and destination ID. The STM32F1 main control chip performs frame encapsulation and spread - spectrum modulation processing, and then sends the data in the correct format through the ATK - LoRa - 01 module.

[0119] S2: The LoRa relay and sensing nodes perform relay communication.

[0120] (1) After activating the LoRa relay communication function selection switch, the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node completes the data communication of the adjacent LoRa node (the LoRa node in this article is the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node). Through the multi-hop topology structure, the LoRa self-organizing network can be covered over a long distance and a large area, and supports breakpoint redundant connection and automatic addressing. The ATK-LoRa-01 module used by the LoRa module supports multiple working modes such as transparent transmission, directional transmission, broadcast and data monitoring. The 5G LoRa smart gateway node is the central control node of the LoRa self-organizing network, which controls the relay LoRa nodes to perform link topology planning, routing addressing, splicing framing and redundant breakpoint connection and automatic discovery of TDM bandwidth allocation. The usage method of the LoRa module is AT command, which initializes the module, selects the working mode, allocates address channels, adjusts the rate, etc. The parameters are configured each time the module is started, and then it is in the monitoring state and sends and receives data normally. In this application, the working mode of the LoRa module is mainly directional transmission. The address channel corresponding to the destination ID is added to the front of the data to be sent, and the same rate is selected to send the data to the specified node.

[0121] (2) The LoRa relay and sensor nodes complete data framing. The mth LoRa relay and sensor node collects the power grid environment data of the monitoring area through sensors, and aggregates the monitoring data of the previous m-1 LoRa relay and sensor nodes. The monitoring data of the m nodes are further multiplexed into frames (where the LoRa relay and sensor nodes are in full-duplex working mode) and transmitted to the m+1th LoRa relay and sensor node; 1≤m≤M, M is the number of LoRa relay and sensor nodes whose routes converge to the 5G LoRa smart gateway node. Relying on the relay relay of the LoRa relay and sensor nodes, the data is forwarded to the 5G LoRa smart gateway node, and the DV shortest path algorithm is used for route convergence, and the number M of the LoRa relay and sensor nodes in the communication path and the framing mechanism are determined.

[0122] S3: 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node performs 5G LoRa smart gateway functions.

[0123] (1) Use the adapter module to perform network conversion between LoRa and 5G modules. The ATK-LORA-01 module is used to receive LoRa data, and the data is processed and forwarded at the operating system layer, and connected to the 5G module via GPIO and sent. The LoRa side is a LoRa self-organizing network, which receives and forwards the power grid monitoring data; the 5G side is a 5G power grid dedicated network, which connects the LoRa / 5G protocol conversion data to the power grid center cloud server.

[0124] (2) On the LoRa side, perform LoRa ad-hoc network data reception, ad-hoc network node control, and bandwidth allocation; perform CRC check, identity recognition, security management, and access control on the aggregated monitoring data, and form MQTT data frames.

[0125] (3) Establish a LoRa node MAC address - geographic information database. The MAC address of each node corresponds to a physical address, i.e., the geographic information number. During data transmission, the source ID will participate in the transmission as a part; the MAC address - geographic information database also serves as an identity recognition identifier for security access, and simultaneously contains the MAC IDs of the primary and standby LoRa nodes; in the data correctness and security verification, if the monitoring data alarms an anomaly, the specific node device can be determined through the source ID, early warning can be given, repaired in time, losses can be reduced, and the response time can be accelerated.

[0126] (4) On the 5G side, perform encapsulating the MQTT data into the 5G data frame structure, as Figure 6 shown in the MQTT function schematic diagram. The publisher is the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node, the broker is the power grid cloud server, and the subscriber refers to the monitoring center. The 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node publishes the monitoring data to the cloud server. The monitoring center can subscribe to the data from it or receive the data pushed by the cloud server. In addition, the MQTT protocol supports three message publishing qualities: qos = 0 (at most once, this level may cause message loss or duplication, and the message publishing depends on the TCP / IP network), qos = 1 (at least once, ensuring the message arrives smoothly, but message duplication may occur), qos = 2 (only once, ensuring the message arrives once).

[0127] S4: The 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node uploads the monitoring data to the power grid central cloud server through the power grid 5G dedicated network, and then performs the security management of the power grid in the 5G signal blind area through the control center, which can specifically include the following steps:

[0128] (1) The client downloads data from the cloud service. Taking 3 nodes as an example, perform data cleaning on the monitoring data, set monitoring thresholds for nuclear information extraction, and extract abnormal data of power grid equipment and monitoring systems.

[0129] (2) Perform multi-source data fusion, establish a hierarchical evaluation model, and standardize the evaluation level early warning and treatment suggestions.

[0130] (3) According to the abnormal data extraction results, perform source data tracking, and complete the traceability and alarm of power grid faults or abnormal conditions through the MAC address - geographic information database.

[0131] It should be noted that the steps shown in the above process or the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. And although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here.

[0132] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer device. The power grid environment monitoring method based on the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented by the computer device. Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0133] The computer device may include a processor 71 and a memory 72 storing computer program instructions.

[0134] Specifically, the above-mentioned processor 71 may include a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application.

[0135] Among them, the memory 72 may include a mass storage for data or instructions. By way of example and not limitation, the memory 72 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy disk drive, a solid state drive (SSD), a flash memory, an optical disc, a magneto-optical disc, a magnetic tape, or a universal serial bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. In suitable cases, the memory 72 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. In suitable cases, the memory 72 may be internal or external to the data processing device. In a particular embodiment, the memory 72 is a non-volatile memory. In a particular embodiment, the memory 72 includes a read-only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM). In suitable cases, the ROM may be a mask-programmed ROM, a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable PROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), an electrically alterable read-only memory (EAROM), or a flash memory, or a combination of two or more of these. In suitable cases, the RAM may be a static random access memory (SRAM) or a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), where the DRAM may be a fast page mode dynamic random access memory (FPMDRAM), an extended date out dynamic random access memory (EDODRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), etc.

[0136] The memory 72 can be used to store or cache various data files required for processing and / or communication, as well as possible computer program instructions executed by the processor 71.

[0137] The processor 71 reads and executes the computer program instructions stored in the memory 72 to implement any one of the above-described 5G LoRa dynamic gateway-based power grid environment monitoring methods in the embodiments.

[0138] In some of the embodiments, the computer device may further include a communication interface 73 and a bus 70. Among them, as Figure 7 shown, the processor 71, the memory 72, and the communication interface 73 are connected through the bus 70 and complete communication with each other.

[0139] The communication interface 73 is used to implement communication between the various modules, devices, units, and / or devices in the embodiments of the present application. The communication interface 73 can also implement data communication with other components such as external devices, image / data acquisition devices, databases, external storage, and image / data processing workstations.

[0140] Bus 70 includes hardware, software, or both, and couples components of a computer device to each other. Bus 70 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: Data Bus, Address Bus, Control Bus, Expansion Bus, Local Bus. By way of example and not limitation, Bus 70 may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), a Hyper Transport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an InfiniBand interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local Bus (VLB) bus, or other suitable bus or a combination of two or more of these. In suitable cases, Bus 70 may include one or more buses. Although embodiments of the present application describe and illustrate specific buses, the present application contemplates any suitable bus or interconnect.

[0141] In addition, in combination with the power grid environment monitoring method based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway in the above embodiments, an embodiment of the present application can provide a computer-readable storage medium to implement. Computer program instructions are stored on the computer-readable storage medium; when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, any one of the power grid environment monitoring methods based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0142] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0143] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power grid environment monitoring system based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway, characterized in that, Including: Multiple 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes and 5G base stations; The multiple 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes include: LoRa relays, sensing nodes, and 5G LoRa intelligent gateway nodes. Among them, the LoRa relays and sensing nodes are used to collect power grid environment data in the blind area covered by the communication base station and send the collected power grid environment data to the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node; the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node is used to send the power grid environment data to the power grid central cloud server through the 5G base station; The 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node has LoRa sensor network function, LoRa relay communication function, and 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function. Among them, the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node includes: A function selection activation switch for setting the function of the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node; Among them, the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node set to have the LoRa sensor network function and the LoRa relay communication function is the LoRa relay and sensing node; the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node set to have the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function is the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node; Each LoRa relay and sensing node sets the main and standby functions, deploys redundant LoRa nodes, and the main node executes the LoRa sensor network function and the LoRa relay communication function; the standby node turns off the LoRa sensor network function and the LoRa relay communication function, and receives the main node signal without interruption and with low power consumption. When the main node fails, the standby node sets a signal reception threshold of 3 frame periods to activate the LoRa sensor network function and the LoRa relay communication function of the standby node. The standby node sets the same directional channel as the main node, performs automatic discovery with adjacent LoRa nodes, and completes the MAC ID identification and access with the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node. When the main node fails to recover, it automatically switches to the standby node function state.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein The 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node also includes: A sensor module for collecting the power grid environment data; An ARM main control chip for processing the power grid environment data; An ATK-LoRa-01 module for sending the processed power grid environment data.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein The 5G LoRa dynamic gateway node also includes: A LoRa module for receiving the processed power grid environment data sent by the ATK-LoRa-01 module and forming the processed power grid environment data into an MQTT data frame; An operating system for controlling the network conversion between the LoRa side and the 5G side; A 5G module for converting the MQTT data frame into a 5G data frame.

4. A power grid environment monitoring method based on a 5G LoRa dynamic gateway, characterized in that, Including: The LoRa relay and sensing node collects the power grid environment data in the blind area covered by the communication base station; The LoRa relay and sensing node sends the power grid environment data to the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node; The 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node sends the power grid environment data to the power grid central cloud server through the 5G base station; Before the LoRa relay and sensing nodes collect the power grid environment data in the blind area covered by the communication base station, the method further includes: Deploying multiple 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes along the power transmission and distribution lines in a link structure; Activating the 5G signal detection function of the multiple 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes; Locating and determining the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station, activating the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function of the determined 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station, turning off the LoRa sensing network function and LoRa relay communication function of the determined 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station, and marking the determined 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station as the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway nodes; For the other 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes among the multiple 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes except the determined 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes that can access the 5G base station, turning off the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway function, activating the LoRa sensing network function and LoRa relay communication function, and marking the other 5G LoRa dynamic gateway nodes as the LoRa relay and sensing nodes; Each of the LoRa relay and sensing nodes is set with a primary and backup function, and redundant LoRa nodes are deployed. The primary node executes the LoRa sensing network function and LoRa relay communication function; the backup node turns off the LoRa sensing network function and LoRa relay communication function, receives the signal of the primary node continuously with low power consumption. When the primary node fails, the backup node sets a signal reception threshold without signal for 3 frame periods, activates the LoRa sensing network function and LoRa relay communication function of the backup node, the backup node sets the same directional channel as the primary node, executes automatic discovery with adjacent LoRa nodes, and completes the MAC ID identification and access with the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node. When the primary node fails to recover, it automatically switches to the function state of the backup node.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The LoRa relay and sensing nodes collect the power grid environment data in the blind area covered by the communication base station, including: Collecting the power grid environment data by using a sensor module; Performing analog-to-digital conversion, frame encapsulation, and spread spectrum modulation processing on the power grid environment data by using an ARM main control chip; Sending the processed power grid environment data by using an ATK-LoRa-01 module.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The LoRa relay and sensing nodes send the power grid environment data to the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node, including: The m-th LoRa relay and sensing node collects the grid environment data in the monitoring area, aggregates the grid environment data of the previous m-1 LoRa relay and sensing nodes, multiplexes the grid environment data collected by the m LoRa relay and sensing nodes into frames, and transmits them to the (m+1)-th LoRa relay and sensing node until the grid environment data is transmitted to the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node; where 1≤m≤M, and M is the number of LoRa relay and sensing nodes whose routing converges to the 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node sending the grid environment data to the grid central cloud server through the 5G base station includes: Using the adaptation module to perform network conversion between the LoRa side and the 5G side; Receiving the grid environment data on the LoRa side and forming it into an MQTT data frame; Performing the conversion of the MQTT data frame into a 5G data frame on the 5G side; The 5G LoRa intelligent gateway node sending the 5G data frame to the grid central cloud server through the 5G base station.

8. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the grid environment monitoring method based on the 5G LoRa dynamic gateway as described in any one of claims 4 to 7.

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