Cold rolling extra long spline shaft device

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold rolling super-long spline shaft device, including a frame, a main shaft, a flywheel and a vertical support plate; the main shaft is arranged on the frame; the number of flywheels is two and they are rotatably mounted on the frame, the two flywheels are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the center line of the main shaft, and the edges of the flywheels are evenly provided with a plurality of wheels along the circumferential direction, and the wheels on the two flywheels are used to extrude a spline groove on a workpiece in a use state; the vertical support plate is arranged on one end of the frame away from the main shaft, and a limiting through hole running through both sides thereof is provided on the vertical support plate, the center line of the limiting through hole is located on the same horizontal line as the center line of the main shaft, a spring jacket is arranged in the limiting through hole through a bearing, and the end of the workpiece away from the main shaft cooperates with the spring jacket, and the spring jacket is used to prevent the end of the workpiece from radially swinging. The invention can process spline shafts of different lengths, and has a great advantage in processing super-long spline shafts in particular.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a cold rolling super-long spline shaft device, belonging to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment. Background Art

[0002] Spline shafts are commonly used tools in the mechanical field. The most common processing methods for spline shafts are milling and extrusion. Among them, extrusion is more and more widely used in current spline shaft processing due to its high molding efficiency.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent application with application publication number CN107952810A discloses a cold extrusion precision forming device for an external spline shaft, comprising a main shaft, a spline shaft and a top plate arranged horizontally and coaxially, wherein the spline shaft is sleeved on the main shaft, fixedly connected to the main shaft and can rotate synchronously with the main shaft; the outer wall of the spline shaft is provided with a processing area for extruding the shape of the external spline, the external splines are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the spline shaft, and each external spline is arranged along the length direction of the spline shaft; a flywheel is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the processing area, the flywheel is arranged horizontally, and its The rotating shaft is arranged vertically, and the rotating shaft of the flywheel is also connected to a two-dimensional translation mechanism, and the two-dimensional translation mechanism can drive the rotating shaft of the flywheel to move on the horizontal plane; a plurality of horizontal grooves are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the flywheel, and a horizontal roller is respectively arranged in the groove, and the outer wall of the roller is provided with an outer surface matching the shape of the external spline to be extruded, the rotating shaft of the roller is arranged vertically and connected to the flywheel for rotation, and the outer surface of the roller can be exposed from the flywheel; it also includes a controller, and the main shaft, flywheel and two-dimensional translation mechanism are all connected to the controller, and their rotation is controlled by the controller.

[0004] The external spline cold extrusion precision forming device disclosed in the above patent application uses a main shaft and a top plate to fix the two ends of the spline, and drives the flywheel and the roller to move through a two-dimensional translation mechanism. Due to the distance between its main shaft and the top plate, the above forming device can only process spline shafts with a shorter length, and cannot process extra-long spline shafts. The above patent first processes a groove on each side of the workpiece, and then rotates the workpiece at an angle to process the other two grooves. When this structure processes the spline shaft, the roller squeezes the workpiece when the first processed groove is processing the adjacent groove, and squeezes and deforms the teeth between the groove being processed and the adjacent groove toward the direction of the groove that has been processed, and the teeth of the processed spline shaft are biased to one side, and the quality of the entire spline shaft is low. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for cold rolling an extra-long spline shaft, so as to solve the technical defects in the prior art that during spline shaft processing, the spindle only drives the workpiece to rotate, and the keyway is processed on the workpiece by horizontal movement of the extrusion roller, and one device can only process spline shafts of one length, but cannot process extra-long spline shafts.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a cold rolled super-long spline shaft device, including a frame, a main shaft, a flywheel and a vertical support plate; the main shaft is arranged on the frame and forms a horizontal moving pair with the frame, the main shaft is driven by a driving device A installed on the frame to move along the length direction of the frame on the frame, the main shaft clamps the workpiece when in use, and axially transports the workpiece while driving the workpiece to rotate; the number of flywheels is two and they are rotatably installed on the frame, the two flywheels are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the center line of the main shaft, and are driven to rotate by a driving mechanism installed on the frame. The two flywheels rotate in opposite directions, and a plurality of wheels are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction at the edges of the flywheels. The wheels on the two flywheels are used to extrude spline grooves on the workpiece when in use; the vertical support plate is arranged on the end of the frame away from the main shaft, and a limiting through hole is opened on the vertical support plate running through both sides thereof. The center line of the limiting through hole is on the same horizontal line as the center line of the main shaft, and a spring jacket is arranged in the limiting through hole through a bearing, and the end of the workpiece away from the main shaft cooperates with the spring jacket, the workpiece can move axially relative to the spring jacket, and the spring jacket is used to prevent the end of the workpiece from radially swinging. The spindle in the present invention can move relative to the frame to drive the workpiece to move axially. The wheel in the present invention rotates and squeezes a keyway on the workpiece as the workpiece moves axially. The workpiece rotates and the wheel processes all the keyways in the circumferential direction of the workpiece. A vertical support plate is provided in the present invention, and the vertical support plate and the spindle respectively support the workpiece from both sides of the wheel, so that the workpiece is relatively stable and not prone to swinging during the process of being processed into a spline shaft. In addition, the workpiece in the present invention can pass through the vertical support plate, and the vertical support plate limits the workpiece in radial direction, instead of the prior art generally using a top plate or a tailstock to support the end of the workpiece to limit the workpiece in radial direction. The workpiece in the present invention is movable axially during the machining process, so that a longer spline shaft can be machined by the present invention, and since the spindle is movable, a shorter spline shaft can also be machined. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can machine a spline shaft with a wider length range. The movement of the spindle in the present invention drives the workpiece to move and feed, and the spindle also drives the workpiece to rotate. The wheel cold extrude one circle on the workpiece, and the spindle drives the workpiece to feed once. The length of the groove machined each time is short, which effectively reduces the problem of reduced tooth accuracy caused by the teeth being extruded and bent toward the direction of the machined groove during the cold extrusion process, thereby improving the machining quality of the spline shaft.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, a self-centering front follow-up mechanism is arranged between the main shaft and the flywheel, and the self-centering front follow-up mechanism includes a bracket, a shell, a moving rod, a rotating rod A, a rotating rod B and a driving device B; the bracket is installed on the frame and the bracket is located between the main shaft and the flywheel on the side close to the flywheel; the shell is installed on the bracket; the moving rod is installed on the shell and forms a horizontal moving pair with the shell, and a roller C is rotatably arranged on the end of the moving rod close to the workpiece, and the roller C can move synchronously with the movement of the moving rod, and the roller C is pressed against the workpiece in the use state and rotates relative to the moving rod with the rotation of the workpiece; the middle part of the rotating rod A is rotatably connected to the upper part of the shell, and the end of the rotating rod A close to the workpiece is bent downward and rotatably arranged with a roller A, and the roller A is pressed against the workpiece in the use state and rotates relative to the rotating rod A as the workpiece rotates; the middle part of the rotating rod B is rotatably connected to the lower part of the shell, and the end of the rotating rod B close to the workpiece is bent upward and rotatably provided with a roller B, and the roller B is pressed against the workpiece in the use state and rotates relative to the rotating rod B as the workpiece rotates; the driving device B is installed on the shell, and is used to drive the rotating rod A and the rotating rod B to rotate while driving the moving rod to move horizontally, wherein when the moving rod moves toward the direction of the workpiece, the end of the rotating rod A close to the workpiece rotates downward, and the end of the rotating rod B close to the workpiece rotates upward, and when the moving rod moves in the direction away from the workpiece, the end of the rotating rod A close to the workpiece rotates upward, and the end of the rotating rod B close to the workpiece rotates downward. The present invention is provided with a self-centering front follow-up mechanism, which supports the workpiece near the turning wheel, and avoids the workpiece from swinging in the radial direction when the main shaft drives the workpiece to rotate due to the excessive distance between the main shaft and the turning wheel, thereby affecting the processing accuracy of the spline shaft. The present invention radially limits the workpiece near the turning wheel, effectively reduces the swing degree of the workpiece at the turning wheel during processing, and further improves the processing accuracy of the spline shaft.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the self-centering front follow-up mechanism also includes a connecting rod, a connecting member A and a connecting member B; the connecting rod is perpendicular to the moving rod, and the end of the moving rod away from the roller C is fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting rod, and the driving device B is connected to the side of the middle of the connecting rod away from the moving rod, which is used to drive the connecting rod and the moving rod to move synchronously; the end of the upper part of the connecting member A close to the driving device B is rotatably connected to the shell, and the end of the upper part of the connecting member A close to the rotating rod A is provided with a long groove A, and the end of the rotating rod A away from the roller A is provided with a fixing pin A, and the fixing pin A is arranged in the long groove A and can be moved in the long groove The lower part of the rotating rod A is provided with a waist-shaped groove A with a center line bent upward, and a limit pin A is provided at the upper end of the connecting rod, and the limit pin A extends into the waist-shaped groove A; the end of the lower part of the connecting piece B close to the driving device B is rotatably connected to the housing, and the lower part of the connecting piece B close to the rotating rod B is provided with a long groove B, and the end of the rotating rod B away from the roller B is provided with a fixing pin B, and the fixing pin B is arranged in the long groove B and can move in the long groove B, and the upper part of the rotating rod B is provided with a waist-shaped groove B with a center line bent downward, and a limit pin B is provided at the lower end of the connecting rod, and the limit pin B extends into the waist-shaped groove B. The self-centering front follow-up mechanism of the present invention is provided with a connecting rod, a connecting piece A and a connecting piece B, so that the rotating rod A and the rotating rod B can rotate synchronously while the moving rod moves horizontally.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of the connecting members A and the connecting members B are both two, the two connecting members A are both arranged at the upper part of the housing and symmetrically distributed at the front and rear sides of the moving rod, and the two connecting members B are both arranged at the lower part of the housing and symmetrically distributed at the front and rear sides of the moving rod. The present invention provides two connecting members A and two connecting members B, so that the forces on both sides of the rotating rod A and the rotating rod B are more uniform, which is more conducive to the rotation of the rotating rod A and the rotating rod B.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom of the bracket is slidably arranged on the frame, and a fixing piece is arranged at the bottom of the bracket, which is used to fix the position of the bracket on the frame after the bracket moves to a suitable position. In the present invention, the bracket slides relative to the frame, and the distance between the self-centering front follower mechanism and the driving wheel can be adjusted as needed. For example, when processing the spline shaft, the self-centering front follower mechanism is adjusted to be close to the driving wheel, and when the driving wheel needs to be replaced or repaired, the self-centering front follower mechanism can be moved in a direction away from the driving wheel to facilitate replacement or repair of the driving wheel. The present invention is provided with a fixing piece to facilitate fixing the self-centering front follower mechanism when it moves to an appropriate position.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the spring clamp includes a clamp body and a spring sleeve; the clamp body is provided with a clamping through hole that runs through its front and rear ends along its axial direction, and a chamfer is provided at one end of the clamping through hole close to the main shaft; the spring sleeve is provided in the clamp body, and the workpiece passes through the spring sleeve when in use, and the spring sleeve includes an elastic clamping section and a fixed section, and a plurality of long grooves C are provided on the elastic clamping section, and the long grooves C are used for the elastic clamping section to radially contract and clamp the workpiece when the clamp body radially squeezes the elastic clamping section when in use. The chamfer at the end of the spring sleeve in the present invention facilitates the spring sleeve to be inserted into the spring sleeve, and the long grooves C in the present invention enable the spring sleeve to contract and deform when the spring sleeve is squeezed.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the elastic clamping section includes a cylindrical unit and a conical cylinder unit, the end of the conical cylinder unit with a smaller diameter is connected to one end of the cylindrical unit, the other end of the cylindrical unit is connected to the fixed section, the long groove extends from the end of the end of the conical cylinder unit with a larger diameter to the cylindrical unit, the outer diameter of the cylindrical unit is smaller than the outer diameter of the fixed section, the inner diameter of the fixed section is smaller than or equal to the aperture of the clamping through hole on the clamp body, and the length of the clamp body is greater than the length of the cylindrical unit. The conical cylinder unit in the present invention cooperates with the spring sleeve, which makes it easier for the spring sleeve to shrink and deform when squeezed.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the long groove C includes an elongated circular groove unit and a rectangular groove unit, the elongated circular groove unit is provided on the cylindrical unit, one end of the rectangular groove unit is connected to the elongated circular groove unit, and the width of the elongated circular groove unit is greater than the width of the rectangular groove unit. The elongated circular groove unit in the present invention has a large width, which reduces the connection part of the cylindrical unit between adjacent elongated circular groove holes, and further facilitates the shrinkage deformation of the spring sleeve.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes a self-centering follow-up tool mechanism, which includes a mounting block, a drive device C and two clamping blocks. The mounting block is detachably mounted on the side of the vertical support plate away from the main shaft. The two clamping blocks are arranged on the left and right sides of the top of the mounting block, and are driven by the drive device C to move synchronously in the same or opposite directions. The two clamping blocks are provided with V-shaped grooves on the sides facing each other, and the two clamping blocks move toward each other to clamp the workpiece passing through the vertical support plate. The present invention is provided with a self-centering follow-up tool mechanism to support the processed part of the workpiece from the side of the vertical support plate away from the main shaft, so as to reduce the influence of the precision of the subsequent processing part on the spline shaft of the processed part due to the swinging of the end portion being suspended in the air.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, a self-centering anti-swing mechanism is also included. The self-centering anti-swing mechanism is arranged on the side of the spindle away from the flywheel and can move synchronously with the movement of the spindle. The self-centering anti-swing mechanism can clamp the workpiece from the side of the spindle away from the flywheel when in use. The present invention arranges a self-centering anti-swing mechanism on the spindle. When the workpiece has not yet reached the self-centering follow-up tool mechanism, if the spindle needs to move in a direction away from the flywheel, the self-centering anti-swing mechanism prevents the workpiece from rotating.

[0016] To sum up, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: during the processing of the present invention, the workpiece not only rotates but also moves axially, so that the present invention can process spline shafts of different lengths, especially in the processing of ultra-long spline shafts. In the process of processing the spline shaft of the present invention, the swing degree of the workpiece near the wheel is small, and the processing accuracy of the spline shaft is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a right view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 P-direction view.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention from another angle.

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a front view of the self-centering front follower mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A partial enlarged view in D.

[0026] Fig.10 It is a front view of the internal structure of the self-centering front follower mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.11 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the internal structure of the self-centering front follower mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the clamp body in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.13 It is a right side view of the spring sleeve in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.14 yes Fig.13 EE section view.

[0031] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spring sleeve in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.16 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the state of the spring collet clamping a workpiece in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.17 It is a front view of the self-centering follow-up knife mechanism in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the self-centering follow-up knife mechanism in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0036] Wherein: 1. frame; 2. spindle; 3. drive device A; 4. flywheel; 5. drive mechanism; 6. wheel; 7. vertical support plate; 8. limit through hole; 9. spring jacket; 10. bracket; 11. shell; 12. moving rod; 13. roller C; 14. rotating rod A; 15. roller A; 16. rotating rod B; 17. roller B; 18. drive device B; 19. connecting rod; 20. connecting piece A; 21. long groove A; 22. fixing pin A; 23. waist-shaped groove A; 24. limit pin A; 25. connecting piece B; 26. long groove B; 27. fixing pin B; 28. waist-shaped groove B; 29. ​​limit pin B; 30. fixture body; 31. clamping through hole; 32. chamfer; 33. spring jacket; 34. elastic clamping section; 35. fixing section; 36. Long slot C; 37. Cylinder unit; 38. Cone unit; 39. Long round slot unit; 40. Rectangular slot unit; 41. Mounting block; 42. Driving device C; 43. Clamping block; 44. V-shaped slot; 45. Guide rail; 46. Slider A; 47. Screw rod; 48. Driven gear; 49. Spindle drive motor B; 50. Three-jaw chuck; 51. Driving gear; 52. Rotating pin A; 53. Rotating pin B; 54. Rotating pin B; 55. Shell unit B; 56. Horizontal bracket plate unit; 57. Vertical bracket plate unit; 58. Semicircular slot; 59. Limit fixing plate; 60. Vertical limit plate; 61. Horizontal limit block; 62. Limit bolt; 63. Self-centering anti-swing mechanism; 64. Positioning block; 65. Arc slot; 66. Internal spline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the present invention, the length direction of the workpiece is the front-to-back direction, wherein the direction in which the workpiece is conveyed is the front direction.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figures 1 to 16 The cold-rolled extra-long spline shaft device shown includes a frame 1, a main shaft 2, a flywheel 4 and a vertical support plate 7, and the main shaft 2, the flywheel 4 and the vertical support plate 7 are all installed on the frame 1.

[0040] In this embodiment, the main shaft 2 is arranged on the frame 1 and forms a horizontal moving pair with the frame 1. In this embodiment, two parallel guide rails 45 are arranged on the top of the frame 1, wherein the guide rails 45 are arranged along the front-to-back direction. A plurality of sliders A46 respectively slidably matched with the two guide rails 45 are arranged at the bottom of the main shaft 2. The main shaft 2 slides back and forth on the frame 1 along the front-to-back direction through the sliding of the sliders A46 and the guide rails 45. The main shaft 2 is driven by a driving device A3 installed on the frame 1 to move along the length direction of the frame 1 on the frame 1. In this embodiment, a screw rod 47 is arranged on the frame 1. The screw rod 47 is parallel to the guide rails 45 and is located between the two guide rails 45. Both ends of the screw rod 47 are rotatably connected to the top of the frame 1 by bearing seats. In this embodiment, a main shaft fixing block (not shown in the figure) is fixed at the bottom of the main shaft. The screw rod 47 passes through the main shaft fixing block and is threadedly matched with the main shaft fixing block. The driving device A3 is a main shaft driving motor A. The output shaft of the main shaft driving motor A is connected to the screw rod 47 Then, the spindle drive motor A drives the screw rod 47 to rotate, and converts the rotation of the screw rod 47 into a linear sliding of the spindle fixing block, thereby driving the spindle 2 to move forward and backward. The spindle 2 clamps the workpiece in the use state, and axially transports the workpiece while driving the workpiece to rotate. In this embodiment, a workpiece through hole running through the front and rear sides thereof is opened on the spindle 2. The workpiece through hole rotates in a bearing and is provided with a workpiece cylinder. The workpiece cylinder extends out of the workpiece through hole and is provided with a driven gear 48. A spindle drive motor B49 is detachably installed on the top of the spindle 2 by bolts. A driving gear 51 is installed on the output shaft of the spindle drive motor B49. The driving gear 51 is meshed with the driven gear 48. A three-jaw chuck 50 is provided at the end of the workpiece cylinder for installing one end of the driven gear 48. The three-jaw chuck 50 is used to clamp the workpiece when in use. The spindle drive motor B49 drives the workpiece cylinder, the three-jaw chuck 50 and the workpiece clamped by the three-jaw chuck 50 to rotate through the driving gear 51 and the driven gear 48.

[0041] In this embodiment, there are two flywheels 4 and they are rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The two flywheels 4 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the center line of the main shaft 2. The center line of the flywheel 4 is arranged in the vertical direction, and the flywheel 4 is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism 5 installed on the frame 1. The driving mechanism 5 in this embodiment is a flywheel drive motor installed on the frame 1. The output shaft of the flywheel drive motor is arranged upward and connected to the rotating shaft of the flywheel 4. The output shaft of the flywheel drive motor rotates to drive the flywheel 4 to rotate. The rotation directions of the two flywheels 4 in this embodiment are opposite. In this embodiment, the two flywheels 4 are respectively driven by two flywheel drive motors to rotate relative to the frame 1. The two flywheels The output shaft of the driving motor rotates synchronously and in opposite directions. A plurality of turning wheels 6 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction at the edge of the flywheel 4. The turning wheels 6 on the two flywheels 4 are used to extrude spline grooves on the workpiece when in use. In the present embodiment, there are two turning wheels 6. The center lines of the two turning wheels 6 are both arranged in the vertical direction, and the center lines of the two turning wheels 6 are coplanar with the center line of the flywheel 4. In the present embodiment, two roller mounting grooves are provided on the vertical cylindrical surface of the flywheel 4. The two turning wheels 6 are rotatably installed in the two roller mounting grooves respectively. The edges of the turning wheels 6 extend out of the roller mounting grooves, and the width of the extending turning wheels 6 is slightly larger than the depth of the keyway on the spline shaft to be processed.

[0042] The vertical support plate 7 in this embodiment is arranged on the end of the frame 1 away from the main shaft 2. In this embodiment, the bottom end of the vertical mounting plate 7 is preferably welded and fixed to the top of the frame 1. The width direction of the vertical support plate 7 is the same as the left and right direction. A limiting through hole 8 running through the front and rear sides of the vertical support plate 7 is opened. The center line of the limiting through hole 8 is on the same horizontal line as the center line of the main shaft 2. A spring jacket 9 is arranged in the limiting through hole 8 through a bearing. The end of the workpiece away from the main shaft 2 cooperates with the spring jacket 9 to limit the workpiece in the radial direction to avoid the end of the workpiece being suspended in the air and swinging during rotation, thereby improving the precision of the spline shaft processing. The workpiece in this embodiment can move axially relative to the spring jacket 9.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the distance between the main shaft 2 and the flywheel 4 is large, the wheel 6 and the three-jaw chuck 50 may swing up and down due to the large distance. In order to avoid the above-mentioned swing, a self-centering front follower mechanism is provided between the main shaft 2 and the flywheel 4 in this embodiment, and the self-centering front follower mechanism includes a bracket 10, a shell 11, a moving rod 12, a rotating rod A14, a rotating rod B16 and a driving device B18; the bracket 10 in this embodiment is installed on the frame 1 and the bracket 10 is located between the main shaft 2 and the flywheel 4 on the side close to the flywheel 4; the shell 11 is detachably installed on the bracket 10 by bolts; the moving rod 12 is installed on the shell 11 and forms a horizontal moving pair with the shell 11. In this embodiment, the shell A guide groove (not shown in the figure) matching with the moving rod 12 is opened on 11 along the left-right direction, and the moving rod 12 is arranged in the guide groove. In this embodiment, a roller C13 is rotatably arranged on the end of the moving rod 12 close to the workpiece. In this embodiment, a roller mounting groove C (not shown in the figure) is opened at the end of the moving rod 12. The roller C13 is rotatably mounted in the roller mounting groove C, and the direction of the rotation axis of the roller C13 is consistent with the front-back direction. The roller C13 can move synchronously with the movement of the moving rod 12 to approach or move away from the workpiece. The side of the roller C13 close to the workpiece extends out of the roller mounting groove C. When in use, the roller C13 presses against the workpiece and rotates relative to the moving rod 12 with the rotation of the workpiece.

[0044] The middle part of the rotating rod A14 in this embodiment is rotatably connected to the upper part of the shell 11 by a rotating shaft A. The end of the rotating rod A14 close to the workpiece is bent downward and rotatably provided with a roller A15. The roller A15 abuts against the workpiece when in use and rotates relative to the rotating rod A14 as the workpiece rotates. In this embodiment, a roller mounting groove A (not shown in the figure) is opened at the end of the rotating rod A14. The roller A15 is rotatably set in the roller mounting groove A, and the rotation axis direction of the roller A15 is the same as the front-to-back direction. The lower part of the roller A15 extends out of the roller mounting groove A to ensure that the roller A15 abuts against the workpiece when in use and the rotating rod A14 does not contact the workpiece. In this embodiment, the middle part of the rotating rod B16 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the shell 11 by a rotating shaft B. The end of the rotating rod B16 close to the workpiece is bent upward and rotatably provided with a roller B17. The roller B17 abuts against the workpiece when in use and rotates relative to the rotating rod B16 as the workpiece rotates. In this embodiment, a roller mounting groove B (not shown in the figure) is opened at the end of the rotating rod B16. The roller B17 is rotatably installed in the roller mounting groove B and the rotation axis direction of the roller B17 is the same as the front-to-back direction. The upper part of the roller B17 extends out of the roller mounting groove B, so that the roller B17 abuts against the workpiece when in use, and the rotating rod B16 does not contact the workpiece.

[0045] The driving device B18 in this embodiment is installed on the side of the shell 11 away from the roller C13, and is used to drive the rotating rod A14 and the rotating rod B16 to rotate while driving the moving rod 12 to move horizontally. When the moving rod 12 in this embodiment moves toward the workpiece, the end of the rotating rod A14 close to the workpiece rotates downward, and the end of the rotating rod B16 close to the workpiece rotates upward. When the moving rod 12 moves in a direction away from the workpiece, the end of the rotating rod A14 close to the workpiece rotates upward, and the end of the rotating rod B16 close to the workpiece rotates downward.

[0046] The driving device B18 in this embodiment preferably adopts a driving cylinder. In order to realize that a driving device B18 drives the moving rod 12 to move and the rotating rod A14 and the rotating rod B16 to rotate at the same time, the self-centering front follow-up mechanism in this embodiment is also provided with a connecting rod 19, a connecting piece A20 and a connecting piece B25; the connecting rod 19 in this embodiment is perpendicular to the moving rod 12, that is, the connecting rod 19 is vertically arranged, and the end of the moving rod 12 away from the roller C13 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the connecting rod 19, and the connecting rod 19 in this embodiment is perpendicular to the moving rod 12. 2 is preferably made of one piece and has a T-shaped structure as a whole. The piston rod of the driving device B18 is connected to the side of the middle of the connecting rod 19 away from the moving rod 12, and is used to drive the connecting rod 19 and the moving rod 12 to move synchronously. The connecting member A20 in this embodiment is generally in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid. The lower bottom of the connecting member A20 is located on the side away from the moving rod 12, and the upper end of the connecting member A20 close to the driving device B18 is rotatably connected to the rotating pin A52 of the housing 11, and the upper end of the connecting member A20 close to the rotating rod A14 is connected along the side. A long slot A21 is provided in the length direction of the bottom of the connecting member A20, a fixing pin A22 is fixedly provided at one end of the rotating rod A14 away from the roller A15, the fixing pin A22 extends into the long slot A21 and can move in the long slot A21, a waist-shaped slot A23 with a center line bent upward is provided at the lower part of the rotating rod A14, a limit pin A24 is provided at the upper end of the connecting rod 19, and the limit pin A24 extends into the waist-shaped slot A23; the shape of the connecting member B25 in this embodiment is the same as that of the connecting member A20, and the lower part of the connecting member B25 is close to the roller A15. One end of the near drive device B18 is rotatably connected to the shell 11 by a rotating pin B53. A long groove B26 is provided at the lower end of the connecting member B25 close to the rotating rod B16. A fixing pin B27 is fixedly arranged at the end of the rotating rod B16 away from the roller B17. The fixing pin B27 extends into the long groove B26 and can move in the long groove B26. A waist-shaped groove B28 with a center line bent downward is provided at the upper part of the rotating rod B16. A limit pin B29 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod 19, and the limit pin B29 extends into the waist-shaped groove B28.The piston rod of the driving device B18 in this embodiment is extended, pushing the moving rod 12 and the connecting rod 19 to move toward the workpiece until the roller C13 contacts the workpiece, the upper end of the connecting rod 19 pushes the connecting member A20 to flip upward around the rotating pin A52, and the lower end of the connecting rod 19 simultaneously pushes the connecting member B25 to flip downward around the rotating pin B53, and the connecting member A20 then pushes the end of the rotating rod A14 close to the workpiece to flip downward until the roller A15 contacts the workpiece, and the connecting member B25 pushes the rotating rod B16 close to the workpiece. One end of the part is flipped upward until roller B17 contacts the workpiece, and roller A15, roller B17 and roller C13 limit the workpiece axially from three points. Since the bracket 10 in this embodiment is located on the side close to the flywheel 4, the swing of the workpiece at the wheel 6 is small, which can improve the processing accuracy of the spline shaft. When the driving device B18 drives the moving rod 12 and the connecting rod 19 to move in the direction away from the workpiece, roller A15, roller B17 and roller C13 move away from the workpiece and release the workpiece.

[0047] The shell 11 in this embodiment includes a shell unit A54 and a shell unit B55 which can cover each other, and the shell unit A54 and the shell unit B55 are detachably installed by bolts, wherein the shell unit A54 is used to be detachably installed on the frame bracket 10 by bolts, wherein the end of the moving rod 12 away from the roller C13, the connecting rod 19, the connecting piece A20, the connecting piece B25, the end of the rotating rod A14 away from the roller A15 and the end of the rotating rod B16 away from the roller B17 are all located in the shell 11, and the piston rod of the driving device B18 extends into the shell 11 and is threadedly connected with the connecting rod 19. In this embodiment, the number of connecting pieces A20 and connecting pieces B25 is preferably two, and the two connecting pieces A20 are both arranged at the upper part of the shell 11 and are symmetrically distributed on the front and rear sides of the moving rod 12, and the two connecting pieces B25 are both arranged at the lower part of the shell 11 and are symmetrically distributed on the front and rear sides of the moving rod 12.

[0048] The bottom of the bracket 10 in this embodiment is slidably disposed on the frame 1, and a fixing member is disposed at the bottom of the bracket 10 for fixing the position of the bracket 10 on the frame 1 after the bracket 10 is moved to a suitable position. The specific structure for realizing the relative sliding of the bracket 10 and the frame 1 in this embodiment is: the bracket 10 in this embodiment includes a horizontal bracket plate unit 56 and a vertical bracket plate unit 57, the width of the horizontal bracket plate unit 56 in the left and right direction is twice the length of the vertical bracket plate unit 57 in the left and right direction, the bottom end of the vertical bracket plate unit 57 is welded and fixed to the side of the horizontal bracket plate unit 56 close to the flywheel 4, and the end of the vertical bracket plate unit 57 away from the workpiece is flush with one end of the horizontal bracket plate unit 56, in this embodiment, a semicircular groove 58 is provided on the end of the vertical bracket plate unit 57 close to the workpiece, the center line of the semicircular groove 58 is colinear with the center line of the workpiece, the shell unit A54 is installed on the vertical bracket plate unit 57, and the fixing parts in this embodiment include downwardly protruding limit fixing plates 59 arranged at both ends of the horizontal bracket plate unit 56, and the limit fixing plates 59 are aligned with the water The flat bracket plate unit 56 is integrally formed. The cross-section of the guide rail 45 in this embodiment is T-shaped. A vertical limit plate 60 is detachably installed at the bottom of the limit fixing plate 59 using multiple bolts. The vertical limit plate 60 extends below the horizontal part of the guide rail 45 and cooperates with the guide rail 45. A horizontal limit block 61 is arranged between the guide rail 45 and the limit fixing plate 59. A plurality of limit bolts 62 that penetrate the left and right sides of the limit fixing plate 59 and are threadedly matched with the limit fixing plate 59 are arranged on the limit fixing plate 59. The end of the limit bolt 62 abuts against the horizontal limit block 61, so that the horizontal limit block 61 is pressed against the guide rail 45, thereby fixing the horizontal bracket plate unit 59, thereby fixing the bracket 10 as a whole. When it is necessary to move the bracket 10, the limit bolt 62 is loosened to loosen the horizontal limit block 61 and the guide rail 45, so that the bracket 10 can be manually pushed to move along the direction of the guide rail 45.

[0049] The spring clamp sleeve 9 in this embodiment includes a clamp body 30 and a spring sleeve 33; a clamping through hole 31 is opened along the axial direction of the clamp body 30 and runs through its front and rear ends, and a chamfer 32 is set at the end of the clamping through hole 31 close to the main shaft 2; the spring sleeve 33 in this embodiment is arranged in the clamp body 30, and the inner surface of the spring sleeve 33 is a smooth surface. When in use, the workpiece passes through the spring sleeve 33. The spring sleeve 33 in this embodiment includes an elastic clamping section 34 and a fixing section 35. A plurality of long grooves C36 are opened on the elastic clamping section 34. The long grooves C36 are used for radially contracting the elastic clamping section 34 to clamp the workpiece when the clamp body 30 radially squeezes the elastic clamping section 34 in the state of use. The elastic clamping section 34 in this embodiment includes a cylindrical unit 37 and a conical cylinder unit 38. The end of the conical cylinder unit 38 with a smaller diameter is connected to one end of the cylindrical unit 37, and the other end of the cylindrical unit 37 is connected to the fixed section 35. The long groove extends from the end of the conical cylinder unit 38 with a larger diameter to the cylindrical unit 37. The outer diameter of the cylindrical unit 37 is smaller than the outer diameter of the fixed section 35. In this embodiment, the cylindrical unit 37 has a smaller outer diameter and therefore a smaller thickness, which is more conducive to radial contraction deformation when squeezed by the clamp body 30. The inner diameter of the fixed section 35 is less than or equal to the aperture of the clamping through hole 31 on the clamp body 30, and the length of the clamp body 30 is greater than the length of the cylindrical unit 37. In this embodiment, both ends of the cylindrical unit 37 and the fixed section 35 and the end with a smaller diameter of the conical cylinder unit 38 are all arc transitions to reduce stress concentration.

[0050] The long groove C36 in this embodiment includes an elongated circular groove unit 39 and a rectangular groove unit 40, wherein: the elongated circular groove unit 39 is opened on the cylindrical unit 37, one end of the rectangular groove unit 40 extends to the cylindrical unit 37 and communicates with the elongated circular groove unit 39, the width of the elongated circular groove unit 39 is greater than the width of the rectangular groove unit 40, and in this embodiment, the width of the circular groove unit 39 is large, and the connecting part between two adjacent elongated circular groove units 39 is more easily deformed and contracted when squeezed. In order to axially limit the spring sleeve 9 and prevent the spring sleeve 9 from being pushed out of the limiting through hole 8 during use, the limiting through hole 8 is set as a stepped hole in this embodiment, and the diameter of the limiting through hole 8 on the side close to the main shaft 2 is larger than the diameter of the other end, and a bearing is set in the end of the limiting through hole 8 with a larger diameter, and the outer ring of the bearing is interference fit with the limiting through hole 8, and the diameter of the end of the limiting through hole 8 away from the main shaft 2 is smaller than the outer diameter of the clamp body 30. When the clamp body 30 is placed in the limiting through hole 8 and passes through the inner ring of the bearing, the shoulder at the place where the diameter of the limiting through hole 8 changes presses against the clamp body 30, thereby preventing the clamp body 30 from moving axially when the workpiece moves.

[0051] The present embodiment is preferably provided with a self-centering follow-up knife mechanism, which includes a mounting block 41, a drive device C42 and two clamping blocks 43. The mounting block 41 is detachably mounted on the side of the vertical support plate 7 away from the main shaft 2 by bolts. The two clamping blocks 43 are arranged on the left and right sides of the top of the mounting block 41, and are driven by the drive device C42 to move synchronously in the same or opposite directions. The drive device C42 in the present embodiment adopts a finger cylinder with parallel jaws. The two clamping blocks 43 are respectively mounted on the two jaws of the finger cylinder. A V-shaped groove 44 is provided on the opposite side of the two clamping blocks 43. The two clamping blocks 43 move toward each other to clamp the workpiece passing through the vertical support plate 7. In the present embodiment, the two clamping blocks 43 move toward each other to clamp the workpiece between the two V-shaped grooves 44 to radially limit the workpiece. The two upper clamping blocks 43 move away from each other to loosen the workpiece.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] This embodiment is a further improvement made on the basis of the embodiment 1. Compared with the embodiment 2, the difference of this embodiment lies in the self-centering follow-up knife mechanism. In this embodiment, a positioning block 64 is provided in each of the V-shaped grooves 44 on the two clamping blocks 43. An arc groove 65 is provided on the opposite side of the positioning block 64. An internal spline 66 is provided in the arc groove 65. Fig.17 and Fig.18 As shown, in the use state, when the spindle 2 retreats in the direction away from the flywheel 4, the driving device C42 drives the two clamping blocks 43 to move toward each other, and clamps the workpiece through the positioning block 64 located between the two. The internal spline 66 in the arc groove 65 on the positioning block 64 cooperates with the part of the spline of the workpiece that has been processed into the spline shaft, so that the workpiece cannot rotate, avoiding the adverse effect on the subsequent processing accuracy of the spline shaft due to the rotation of the workpiece when the spindle 2 retreats. When the spindle 2 advances and the wheel 6 cold extrude the workpiece, the self-centering follow-up tool mechanism in this embodiment releases the workpiece and removes the positioning block 64 to avoid interference with the spindle 2 driving the workpiece to rotate. In this embodiment, some of its structures are the same as those in Example 1, and the details can be referred to Example 1, which will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] This embodiment is a further improvement made on the basis of the embodiment 1. Compared with the embodiment 2, this embodiment is further provided with a self-centering anti-swing mechanism 63, such as Fig.19As shown, the self-centering anti-swing mechanism 63 is arranged on the side of the main shaft 2 away from the flywheel 4 and can move synchronously with the movement of the main shaft 2. The self-centering anti-swing mechanism 63 can clamp the workpiece from the side of the main shaft 2 away from the flywheel 4 when in use. In this embodiment, the mounting block of the self-centering anti-swing mechanism 63 is installed on the main shaft 2 so that the self-centering anti-swing mechanism 63 as a whole moves synchronously with the movement of the main shaft 2. The structure of the rest of the parts in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, and the details can be referred to embodiment 1, and this embodiment will not be repeated.

[0056] The parts not specifically described in the above description are all prior art, or can be implemented by prior art. Moreover, the specific implementation cases described in the present invention are only preferred implementation cases of the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the patent scope of the present invention should be regarded as the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Cold rolling extra-long spline shaft device, characterized by: include Rack(1); A spindle (2), the spindle (2) being arranged on the frame (1) and forming a horizontal moving pair with the frame (1), the spindle (2) being driven by a driving device A (3) mounted on the frame (1) to move on the frame (1) along the length direction of the frame (1), and the spindle (2) clamping a workpiece in a use state and axially conveying the workpiece while driving the workpiece to rotate; Flywheels (4), the number of flywheels (4) is two and they are rotatably mounted on the frame (1), the two flywheels (4) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the center line of the main shaft (2), and are driven to rotate by a driving mechanism (5) installed on the frame (1), the two flywheels (4) rotate in opposite directions, and a plurality of driving wheels (6) are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction at the edge of the flywheel (4), and the driving wheels (6) on the two flywheels (4) are used to extrude spline grooves on the workpiece when in use; A vertical support plate (7), the vertical support plate (7) being arranged on one end of the frame (1) away from the main shaft (2), the vertical support plate (7) being provided with a limiting through hole (8) penetrating through both sides thereof, the center line of the limiting through hole (8) and the center line of the main shaft (2) being located on the same horizontal line, a spring jacket (9) being arranged in the limiting through hole (8) via a bearing, the end of the workpiece away from the main shaft (2) being matched with the spring jacket (9), the workpiece being able to move axially relative to the spring jacket (9), and the spring jacket (9) being used to prevent the end of the workpiece from radially swinging; A self-centering follow-up tool mechanism, comprising a mounting block (41), a drive device C (42) and two clamping blocks (43), wherein the mounting block (41) is detachably mounted on a side of a vertical support plate (7) away from a spindle (2), and the two clamping blocks (43) are arranged on the left and right sides of the top of the mounting block (41) and are driven by the drive device C (42) to move synchronously in the same or opposite directions, and a V-shaped groove (44) is provided on the opposite sides of the two clamping blocks (43), and the two clamping blocks (43) move towards each other to clamp a workpiece passing through the vertical support plate (7); The self-centering front follow-up mechanism is arranged between the main shaft (2) and the flywheel (4), and comprises a bracket (10), a housing (11), a moving rod (12), a rotating rod A (14), a rotating rod B (16) and a driving device B (18). The bracket (10) is mounted on the frame (1) and the bracket (10) is located between the main shaft (2) and the flywheel (4) on a side close to the flywheel (4). The housing (11) is mounted on the bracket (10), and the moving rod (12) is mounted on the housing (11). The movable rod (12) is provided with a roller C (13) on the housing (11) and forms a horizontal moving pair with the housing (11). The end of the movable rod (12) close to the workpiece is rotatably provided with the roller C (13). The roller C (13) can move synchronously with the movement of the movable rod (12). The roller C (13) abuts against the workpiece in a use state and rotates relative to the movable rod (12) with the rotation of the workpiece. The middle part of the rotating rod A (14) is rotatably connected to the upper part of the housing (11). The end of the rotating rod A (14) close to the workpiece is bent downward and the rotating device is provided. A roller A (15) is provided. The roller A (15) abuts against the workpiece in a use state and rotates relative to the rotating rod A (14) as the workpiece rotates. The middle part of the rotating rod B (16) is rotatably connected to the lower part of the housing (11). The end of the rotating rod B (16) close to the workpiece is bent upward and rotatably provided with a roller B (17). The roller B (17) abuts against the workpiece in a use state and rotates relative to the rotating rod B (16) as the workpiece rotates. A driving device B (18) is installed on the housing (11) and is used to drive the rotating rod A (14) and the rotating rod B (16) to rotate while driving the moving rod (12) to move horizontally. When the moving rod (12) moves toward the workpiece, the end of the rotating rod A (14) close to the workpiece rotates downward, and the end of the rotating rod B (16) close to the workpiece rotates upward. When the moving rod (12) moves in a direction away from the workpiece, the end of the rotating rod A (14) close to the workpiece rotates upward, and the end of the rotating rod B (16) close to the workpiece rotates downward.

2. The cold rolled super-long spline shaft device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-centering front follow-up mechanism also includes A connecting rod (19), the connecting rod (19) being perpendicular to the moving rod (12), and one end of the moving rod (12) away from the roller C (13) being fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting rod (19), and a driving device B (18) being connected to one side of the middle of the connecting rod (19) away from the moving rod (12), for driving the connecting rod (19) and the moving rod (12) to move synchronously; A connecting member A (20), wherein one end of the upper portion of the connecting member A (20) close to the driving device B (18) is rotatably connected to the housing (11), a long slot A (21) is formed at one end of the upper portion of the connecting member A (20) close to the rotating rod A (14), a fixing pin A (22) is formed at one end of the rotating rod A (14) away from the roller A (15), the fixing pin A (22) is disposed in the long slot A (21) and can move in the long slot A (21), a waist-shaped slot A (23) with a center line bent upward is formed at the lower portion of the rotating rod A (14), and a limit pin A (24) is formed at the upper end of the connecting rod (19), and the limit pin A (24) extends into the waist-shaped slot A (23); A connecting member B (25), one end of the lower portion of the connecting member B (25) close to the driving device B (18) is rotatably connected to the housing (11), a long slot B (26) is provided at one end of the lower portion of the connecting member B (25) close to the rotating rod B (16), a fixing pin B (27) is provided at one end of the rotating rod B (16) away from the roller B (17), the fixing pin B (27) is arranged in the long slot B (26) and can move in the long slot B (26), the upper portion of the rotating rod B (16) is provided with a waist-shaped slot B (28) with a center line bent downward, and a limit pin B (29) is provided at the lower end of the connecting rod (19), and the limit pin B (29) extends into the waist-shaped slot B (28).

3. The cold rolled super-long spline shaft device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the connecting members A (20) and the number of the connecting members B (25) are both two, the two connecting members A (20) are both arranged at the upper part of the housing (11) and are symmetrically distributed on the front and rear sides of the moving rod (12), and the two connecting members B (25) are both arranged at the lower part of the housing (11) and are symmetrically distributed on the front and rear sides of the moving rod (12).

4. The cold rolled super-long spline shaft device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the bracket (10) is slidably arranged on the frame (1), and a fixing piece is arranged at the bottom of the bracket (10) for fixing the position of the bracket (10) on the frame (1) after the bracket (10) is moved to a suitable position.

5. The cold rolled super-long spline shaft device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring collet (9) includes A clamp body (30), wherein a clamping through hole (31) is provided on the clamp body (30) along its axial direction and passes through its front and rear ends, and a chamfer (32) is provided at one end of the clamping through hole (31) close to the main shaft (2); A spring sleeve (33) is arranged in the clamp body (30). When in use, the workpiece passes through the spring sleeve (33). The spring sleeve (33) comprises an elastic clamping section (34) and a fixing section (35). A plurality of long grooves C (36) are provided on the elastic clamping section (34). The long grooves C (36) are used to radially contract the elastic clamping section (34) to clamp the workpiece when the clamp body (30) radially presses the elastic clamping section (34) when in use.

6. The cold rolled extra-long spline shaft device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic clamping section (34) comprises a cylindrical unit (37) and a conical cylindrical unit (38); the end of the conical cylindrical unit (38) with a smaller diameter is connected to one end of the cylindrical unit (37); the other end of the cylindrical unit (37) is connected to the fixed section (35); the long groove extends from the end of the conical cylindrical unit (38) with a larger diameter to the cylindrical unit (37); the outer diameter of the cylindrical unit (37) is smaller than the outer diameter of the fixed section (35); the inner diameter of the fixed section (35) is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the clamping through hole (31) on the clamp body (30); and the length of the clamp body (30) is greater than the length of the cylindrical unit (37).

7. The cold rolled super-long spline shaft device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The long groove C (36) comprises an elongated circular groove unit (39) and a rectangular groove unit (40), wherein the elongated circular groove unit (39) is provided on the cylindrical unit (37), one end of the rectangular groove unit (40) is connected to the elongated circular groove unit (39), and the width of the elongated circular groove unit (39) is greater than the width of the rectangular groove unit (40).

8. The cold rolled super-long spline shaft device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a self-centering anti-swing mechanism (63), which is arranged on a side of the main shaft (2) away from the flywheel (4) and can move synchronously with the movement of the main shaft (2). The self-centering anti-swing mechanism (63) can clamp a workpiece from the side of the main shaft (2) away from the flywheel (4) when in use.

Images