An excavation support device and method for a fracture-developed bedding gravel tunnel

Abstract

The present invention provides an excavation support device and method for a fracture-developed bedding gravel tunnel, comprising a tunnel opening, a support frame and a guide pipe; the support frame comprises a support base frame and a support top frame, the support top frame is arranged above the support base frame, and the support top frame is semicircular; guide rails are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support top frame; a fixed frame is also included; the guide rails comprise an upper rail and a lower rail, and a plurality of circular through holes are evenly spaced on the lower rail; a fixed plug is also included, the fixed plug is adapted to be connected with the circular through hole, the fixed plug can pass through the circular through hole and be inserted into the end side of the fixed frame to fix the fixed frame at the position of the circular through hole; when the guide pipe is installed on the fixed frame, the axes of the two ports of the guide pipe are perpendicular to the outer wall of the tunnel opening. The present invention can locate the position of the guide pipe according to the on-site detection of the rock mass at the tunnel opening, and can ensure its verticality and stability, so that subsequent construction can be safe and stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to an excavation support device and method for a fracture-developed bedding gravel tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Gravel, also known as gravel-containing sandstone, is a rock with low composition maturity and mainly composed of sandstone particles of different particle size distributions. It belongs to complex sandstone. The structural maturity of conglomerate is low. The pore space with gravel as the skeleton is completely or partially filled with sand-grade particles, and in the pores composed of sand particles, clay matrix is ​​usually filled to form a complex bimodal or multimodal structure. The rock mass excavated by the tunnel is not completely dense and full. There are often cracks in the rock mass. The nature of the cracks and their development laws are closely related to the causes of the cracks, and the nature of the cracks is greatly affected by the nature of the rock.

[0003] In order to prevent the cracks caused by the nature of the rock mass from affecting the tunnel excavation, it is necessary to progressively inject cement slurry into the rock mass around the tunnel during the tunnel excavation process. By filling the cracks with cement slurry, the rock and soil are fixed and reinforced to avoid landslides and other situations. In addition, the first step in tunnel excavation is to install a support device at the tunnel entrance. In the current construction method, it is necessary to install a support support at the tunnel entrance and drill holes and install an advance guide tube through the guide tube in the support to grout and reinforce the rock mass around the inner wall of the tunnel. However, since it is difficult to fix and adjust the position of the guide tube during installation, the guide tube will not be perpendicular to the wall, so the advance guide tube will be staggered during installation, and the grouting will not be uniform and accurate enough. The wall reinforcement cannot meet the conditions for safe construction, which is prone to safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to solve the above problems. One object of the present invention is to provide an excavation support device and method for a fracture-developed bedding conglomerate tunnel to solve the above problems, so that when installing the guide pipe, it can be installed and fixed according to the position of the actual detection and positioning, so as to maintain the verticality and stability of the guide pipe.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An excavation support device for a fracture-developed bedding gravel tunnel includes a tunnel opening, a support frame and a guide pipe, wherein the support frame is arranged outside the tunnel opening, and one side of the support frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tunnel opening; the support frame includes a support base frame and a support top frame, and the support top frame is arranged above the support base frame and is semicircular; guide rails are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support top frame; a fixed frame is also included, and the two ends of the fixed frame are respectively slidably connected to the guide rails on both sides; the guide rail includes an upper rail and a lower rail, and a plurality of circular through holes are evenly spaced on the lower rail; a fixed plug is also included, and the fixed plug is adaptively connected with the circular through hole, and the fixed plug can pass through the circular through hole and be inserted into the end side of the fixed frame to fix the fixed frame at the position of the circular through hole; when the guide pipe is installed on the fixed frame, the axes of the two ends of the guide pipe are perpendicular to the outer wall of the tunnel opening. The guide pipe is supported and fixed by a fixed frame that can be set on the guide rail, so that it is perpendicular to the marked position on the wall of the tunnel opening, so as to facilitate the subsequent drilling and installation of the advance guide pipe for grouting.

[0007] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the fixed frame includes an upper abutment frame and a lower receiving frame, the top end of the upper abutment frame is slidably connected to the upper rail; the bottom end of the lower receiving frame is slidably connected to the lower rail; the bottom end of the upper abutment frame is abutted against the top end of the lower receiving frame, and the guide tube is fixed between the upper abutment frame and the lower receiving frame. The guide tube is fixed from both sides to ensure its stability.

[0008] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the lower receiving frame includes a fixed rod, a connecting rod, a support platform and a support part; two fixed rods are provided, and a sleeve part is provided at the lower end of the fixed rod, the outer side of the sleeve part is slidably connected to the lower rail, and the inner side of the sleeve part is slidably connected to the fixed plug; an arc groove is provided at the upper end of the fixed rod, and an arc groove is provided at the lower part of the support platform, and the bottom of the arc groove is adapted to abut against the bottom of the arc groove; the support part is provided at the upper part of the support platform, and the top of the support part abuts against the upper abutment frame; the two ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected to the support platforms on both sides respectively. The sleeve part is fixed by the fixed plug, and the guide tube is supported by the support part. When the sleeve part is installed on the circular through hole at different positions, the height of the support part can be changed.

[0009] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the upper support frame includes a support rod and a sliding rod, one end of the sliding rod is fixedly provided with a sliding block, the sliding block is slidably connected to the upper rail, the other end of the sliding rod is slidably sleeved with the support rod, the other end of the support rod is provided with an abutment portion, and the abutment portion abuts against the support portion. The sliding block slides and abuts against the upper rail, so that the abutment portion abuts against the support portion.

[0010] A preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the cross section of the supporting portion is semi-circular; the cross section of the abutting portion is semi-circular.

[0011] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that a groove is provided at one end of the sliding rod close to the abutment rod, and a spring is further included, one end of the spring abuts against the bottom of the groove, and the other end abuts against the abutment rod. In this way, the abutment part can always have potential energy against the support part, and the abutment is more stable.

[0012] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that an inner hole is provided on the other side of the lower rail away from the circular through hole; the diameter of the circular through hole is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve; the fixed plug includes a fixed part and a plug-in part; when the fixed plug fixes the receiving frame, the end of the fixed part abuts against the bottom of the inner hole, and the inner side end of the plug-in part abuts against the bottom of the circular through hole. In this way, the sleeve can be further fixed.

[0013] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the support frame also includes an extension frame, which is arranged on the side of the support top frame close to the tunnel entrance, and the top of the extension frame abuts against the top of the tunnel entrance. In this way, the support frame is extended into the tunnel entrance, and can support the top wall at the tunnel entrance during pouring.

[0014] A method for excavation and support of a tunnel in a bedding gravel rock with developed fissures.

[0015] The following steps are involved:

[0016] Step S00: placing the support frame at the tunnel entrance, placing the top support frame close to the outer side wall of the top of the tunnel entrance, and making the top of the extension frame butt against the top of the tunnel entrance;

[0017] Step S10: Detect and mark the rock and soil conditions and crack conditions at the tunnel entrance;

[0018] Step S20: After aligning the support portion at the position marked in step S10, the lower receiving frame is fixed by passing the fixing plug through the circular through hole, the sleeve portion and the inner hole respectively;

[0019] Step S30: After placing the guide tube on the support part, further fix it by an upper support frame;

[0020] Step S40: setting a cement support formwork outside the support frame and then pouring;

[0021] Step S50: drilling a hole through the guide tube and inserting the advance guide tube for grouting.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The present invention provides an excavation support device and method for a fracture-developed bedding gravel tunnel, comprising a tunnel opening, a support frame and a guide pipe, wherein the support frame is arranged outside the tunnel opening, and one side of the support frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tunnel opening; the support frame comprises a support base frame and a support top frame, the support top frame is arranged above the support base frame, and the support top frame is semicircular; guide rails are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support top frame; a fixed frame is also included, and the two ends of the fixed frame are respectively slidably connected to the guide rails on both sides; the guide rail comprises an upper rail and a lower rail, and a plurality of circular through holes are evenly spaced on the lower rail; a fixed plug is also included, and the fixed plug is adaptively connected with the circular through hole, and the fixed plug can pass through the circular through hole and be inserted into the end side of the fixed frame to fix the fixed frame at the position of the circular through hole; when the guide pipe is installed on the fixed frame, the axes of the two ports of the guide pipe are perpendicular to the outer wall of the tunnel opening. The present invention can locate the position of the guide pipe according to the on-site detection of the rock mass of the tunnel opening, and can ensure its verticality and stability, so that the subsequent construction can be safe and stable.

[0024] Other characteristic features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present invention and are used together with the description to explain the principles of the present invention. In these drawings, similar reference numerals are used to represent similar elements. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a side sectional view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing frame of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. tunnel entrance; 2. support frame; 3. guide tube; 4. support bottom frame; 5. support top frame; 6. guide rail; 7. fixed frame; 8. upper rail; 9. lower rail; 10. circular through hole; 11. fixed plug; 12. upper support frame; 13. lower receiving frame; 14. fixed rod; 15. connecting rod; 16. support platform; 17. support part; 18. sleeve part; 19. arc groove; 20. arc groove; 21. support rod; 22. sliding rod; 23. sliding block; 24. abutment part; 25. groove; 26. spring; 27. inner hole; 28. fixed part; 29. ​​plug-in part; 30. extension frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the present embodiment provides an excavation support device for a fracture-developed bedding gravel tunnel, comprising a tunnel opening 1, a support frame 2 and a guide tube 3, wherein the support frame 2 is arranged at the outer side of the tunnel opening 1, and one side of the support frame 2 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the tunnel opening 1; the support frame 2 comprises a support base frame 4 and a support top frame 5, wherein the support top frame 5 is arranged above the support base frame 4, and the support top frame 5 is semicircular; guide rails 6 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support top frame 5; a fixing frame 7 is also included, and both ends of the fixing frame 7 are respectively slidably connected to the guide rails 6 on both sides; the guide rail 6 comprises an upper rail 8 and a lower rail 9, and a plurality of circular through holes 10 are evenly spaced on the lower rail 9; a fixing plug 11 is also included, and the fixing plug 11 is adaptively connected to the circular through hole 10, and the fixing plug 11 can pass through the circular through hole 10 and be inserted into the end side of the fixing frame 7 to fix the fixing frame 7 at the position of the circular through hole 10; when the guide tube 3 is installed on the fixing frame 7, the axes of the two ends of the guide tube 3 are perpendicular to the outer side wall of the tunnel opening 1. After placing the support frame 2 at the newly excavated tunnel entrance 1, the rock and soil layer of the tunnel is inspected and marked, the fixing frame 7 is aligned with the marked position, and the fixing plug 11 is inserted into the circular through hole 10 to fix the fixing frame 7. Since both ends of the fixing frame 7 can be fixed on the guide rail 6 at the same time, the fixing frame 7 can be perpendicular to the wall. Finally, the guide pipe 3 is installed on the fixing frame 7, so that the guide pipe is perpendicular to the wall at the marked position, so that when the advance guide pipe is installed later, it can be inserted vertically into the wall of the tunnel entrance 1 at the detected and set position for grouting and fixation.

[0034] Preferably, the fixing frame 7 includes an upper abutment frame 12 and a lower receiving frame 13, wherein the top end of the upper abutment frame 12 is slidably connected to the upper rail 8; the bottom end of the lower receiving frame 13 is slidably connected to the lower rail 9; the bottom end of the upper abutment frame 12 abuts against the top end of the lower receiving frame 13, and the guide tube 3 is fixed between the upper abutment frame 12 and the lower receiving frame 13. The fixing frame 7 is composed of a split upper abutment frame 12 and a lower receiving frame 13. During installation, the guide tube 3 is placed on the lower receiving frame 13 after the lower receiving frame 13 is fixed, and then abutted and fixed by the upper abutment frame 12.

[0035] Preferably, the lower supporting frame 13 includes a fixed rod 14, a connecting rod 15, a support platform 16 and a support portion 17; two fixed rods 14 are provided, and a sleeve portion 18 is provided at the lower end of the fixed rod 14, the outer side of the sleeve portion 18 is slidably connected to the lower rail 9, and the inner side of the sleeve portion 18 is slidably connected to the fixed plug 11; an arc-shaped groove 2519 is provided at the upper end of the fixed rod 14, and an arc-shaped groove 20 is provided at the lower part of the support platform 16, and the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 2519 is adapted to abut against the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 20; the support portion 17 is provided at the upper part of the support platform 16, and the top end of the support portion 17 abuts against the upper frame 12; the two ends of the connecting rod 15 are fixedly connected to the support platforms 16 on both sides respectively. When fixing the position of the lower receiving frame 13, align the support portion 17 with the marked position, and then move the sleeve portion 18 of the two fixing rods 14 to the position of the appropriate circular through hole 10 so as to fix it through the fixing plug 11. In this way, the lower receiving frame 13 can form a cumulative triangular structure with the two fixing rods 14 and the lower rail 9 group, maintain stability, and better support the guide tube 3.

[0036] Furthermore, the upper support frame 12 includes a support rod 21 and a sliding rod 22, one end of the sliding rod 22 is fixedly provided with a sliding block 23, the sliding block 23 is slidably connected to the upper rail 8, the other end of the sliding rod 22 is slidably sleeved with the support rod 21, and the other end of the support rod 21 is provided with an abutment portion 24, and the abutment portion 24 abuts against the support portion 17. After the lower receiving frame 13 is fixed, the position of the sliding block 23 in the upper rail 8 is moved by grasping the sliding rod 22, and then the abutment portion 24 abuts against the column support portion 17, so that the sliding block 23 is perpendicular to the tangent of the upper rail 8, so that it can better abut the guide tube 3 to keep it stable.

[0037] Preferably, the cross section of the support portion 17 is semi-circular; the cross section of the abutment portion 24 is semi-circular. The two semi-circular support portions 17 and the abutment portion 24 abut against each other to form a ring, thereby fixing the guide tube 3 therebetween.

[0038] Preferably, the sliding rod 22 is provided with a groove 25 at one end close to the abutting rod 21, and further comprises a spring 26, one end of the spring 26 abuts against the bottom of the groove 25, and the other end abuts against the abutting rod 21. The spring 26 allows one end of the upper abutting frame 12 to abut against the guide tube 3, and the other end to abut against the upper rail 8, thereby further maintaining the stability of the guide tube 3.

[0039] Preferably, an inner hole 27 is provided on the other side of the lower rail 9 away from the circular through hole 10; the diameter of the circular through hole 10 is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve portion 18; the fixing plug 11 includes a fixing portion 28 and an inserting portion 29; when the fixing plug 11 fixes the receiving frame, the end of the fixing portion 28 abuts against the bottom of the inner hole 27, and the inner side end of the inserting portion 29 abuts against the bottom of the circular through hole 10. After the fixing plug 11 is inserted into the circular through hole 10 and the sleeve portion 18, it is further inserted into the inner hole 27, which can make the bottom of the lower receiving frame 13 more stable.

[0040] Preferably, the support frame 2 further includes an extension frame 30, which is arranged on a side of the support top frame 5 close to the tunnel opening 1, and the top of the extension frame 30 abuts against the top of the tunnel opening 1. After the guide tube 3 is set, the support frame 2 needs to be cast first, and by setting the extension part 30, the support frame 2 can be further extended into the tunnel opening 1, so that when drilling through the guide tube 3, the lower part of the tunnel opening 1 that is first subjected to force can be supported by the extension part 30, which is more stable.

[0041] A method for excavation and support of a tunnel in a bedding gravel rock with developed fissures.

[0042] The following steps are involved:

[0043] Step S00: placing the support frame 2 at the tunnel entrance 1, placing the supporting top frame 5 close to the top outer wall of the tunnel entrance 1, and allowing the top of the extension frame 30 to abut against the top of the tunnel entrance 1;

[0044] Step S10: Detect and mark the rock and soil conditions and crack conditions at the tunnel entrance 1;

[0045] Step S20: After aligning the support portion 17 at the position marked in step S10, the lower receiving frame 13 is fixed by passing the fixing plug 11 through the circular through hole 10, the sleeve portion 18 and the inner hole 27 respectively;

[0046] Step S30: After placing the guide tube 3 on the support portion 17, it is further fixed by the upper bracket 12;

[0047] Step S40: setting a cement support formwork outside the support frame 2 and then pouring;

[0048] Step S50: drilling a hole through the guide tube 3 and inserting the advance guide tube to perform grouting.

[0049] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An excavation support device for a tunnel in a bedding gravel rock with developed fissures, characterized in that: The invention comprises a tunnel opening (1), a support frame (2) and a guide tube (3), wherein the support frame (2) is arranged outside the tunnel opening (1), and one side of the support frame (2) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the tunnel opening (1); the support frame (2) comprises a support bottom frame (4) and a support top frame (5), wherein the support top frame (5) is arranged above the support bottom frame (4), and the support top frame (5) is semicircular; guide rails (6) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support top frame (5); and the invention also comprises a fixing frame (7), wherein both ends of the fixing frame (7) are respectively slidably connected to the guide rails (6) on both sides; The guide rail (6) comprises an upper rail (8) and a lower rail (9), wherein the lower rail (9) is provided with a plurality of circular through holes (10) at even intervals; and further comprises a fixing plug (11), wherein the fixing plug (11) is adapted to be connected with the circular through hole (10), and the fixing plug (11) can pass through the circular through hole (10) and be inserted into the end side of the fixing frame (7) so as to fix the fixing frame (7) at the position of the circular through hole (10); when the guide tube (3) is mounted on the fixing frame (7), the axes of the two ends of the guide tube (3) are perpendicular to the outer side wall of the tunnel opening (1); The fixed frame (7) comprises an upper abutment frame (12) and a lower support frame (13); the top end of the upper abutment frame (12) is slidably connected to the upper rail (8); the bottom end of the lower support frame (13) is slidably connected to the lower rail (9); the bottom end of the upper abutment frame (12) abuts against the top end of the lower support frame (13); and the guide tube (3) is fixedly arranged between the upper abutment frame (12) and the lower support frame (13).

2. According to claim 1, an excavation support device for a tunnel in a bedding gravel rock with developed fissures, characterized in that: The lower receiving frame (13) comprises a fixing rod (14), a connecting rod (15), a supporting platform (16) and a supporting portion (17); two fixing rods (14) are provided, and a sleeve portion (18) is provided at the lower end of each fixing rod (14), the outer side of the sleeve portion (18) is slidably connected to the lower rail (9), and the inner side of the sleeve portion (18) is slidably connected to the fixing plug (11); an arc-shaped groove (19) is provided at the upper end of each fixing rod (14), and an arc-shaped groove (20) is provided at the lower part of the supporting platform (16), and the groove bottom of the arc-shaped groove (19) is adapted to abut against the groove bottom of the arc-shaped groove (20); the supporting portion (17) is provided at the upper part of the supporting platform (16), and the top end of the supporting portion (17) abuts against the upper supporting frame (12); and the two ends of the connecting rod (15) are fixedly connected to the supporting platforms (16) on both sides respectively.

3. The excavation support device for a tunnel in a bedding gravel rock with developed fissures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper support frame (12) comprises a support rod (21) and a sliding rod (22); a sliding block (23) is fixedly provided at one end of the sliding rod (22); the sliding block (23) is slidably connected to the upper rail (8); the other end of the sliding rod (22) is slidably sleeved with the support rod (21); the other end of the support rod (21) is provided with an abutment portion (24); the abutment portion (24) abuts against the support portion (17).

4. The excavation support device for a tunnel in a bedding gravel rock with developed fissures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the supporting portion (17) is semi-annular; the cross section of the abutting portion (24) is semi-annular.

5. The excavation support device for a tunnel in a bedding gravel rock with developed fissures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding rod (22) is provided with a groove (25) at one end close to the supporting rod (21); and further comprises a spring (26), one end of the spring (26) being in contact with the bottom of the groove (25), and the other end of the spring (26) being in contact with the supporting rod (21).

6. The excavation support device for a tunnel in a bedding gravel rock with developed fissures according to claim 2, characterized in that: An inner hole (27) is provided on the other side of the lower rail (9) away from the circular through hole (10); the diameter of the circular through hole (10) is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve portion (18); the fixing plug (11) comprises a fixing portion (28) and an inserting portion (29); when the fixing plug (11) fixes the receiving frame, the end of the fixing portion (28) abuts against the bottom of the inner hole (27), and the inner side end of the inserting portion (29) abuts against the bottom of the circular through hole (10).

7. The excavation support device for a tunnel in a bedding gravel rock with developed fissures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support frame (2) further comprises an extension frame (30), wherein the extension frame (30) is arranged on a side of the supporting top frame (5) close to the tunnel opening (1), and the top end of the extension frame (30) abuts against the top of the tunnel opening (1).

8. A method for excavation support of a fracture-developed bedding conglomerate tunnel, using the excavation support device for a fracture-developed bedding conglomerate tunnel as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: step S00: placing the support frame (2) at the tunnel entrance (1), placing the supporting top frame (5) close to the top outer wall of the tunnel entrance (1), and allowing the top of the extension frame (30) to abut against the top of the tunnel entrance (1); Step S10: detecting and marking the rock and soil conditions and crack conditions at the tunnel entrance (1); Step S20: After aligning the support portion (17) at the position marked in step S10, the lower receiving frame (13) is fixed by passing the fixing plug (11) through the circular through hole (10), the sleeve portion (18) and the inner hole (27); Step S30: After placing the guide tube (3) on the support portion (17), it is further fixed by an upper support frame (12); Step S40: placing a cement support formwork outside the support frame (2) and then pouring; Step S50: drilling a hole through the guide tube (3) and inserting the advance guide tube before grouting.

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