Plate member out-of-plane eccentric compression test device and test method

Abstract

The application provides a device and a method for testing the out-of-plane eccentric compression performance of a plate component, characterized in that the device comprises a lower pressure plate, an upper pressure plate, a knife corner and a parallel roller, wherein the lower pressure plate is fixed on the end face of the free end of the plate component; the upper pressure plate is arranged on the lower pressure plate; the knife corner is welded below the upper pressure plate; and the parallel roller is limited on the end face of the upper pressure plate away from the lower pressure plate and can roll on the upper pressure plate; when the eccentric compression test is performed, the pressure of the pressure device acts on the parallel roller, the parallel roller rolls under pressure and transmits the eccentric force to the plate component through the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate. The device eliminates the horizontal force at the knife corner, ensures that the direction of the load is always vertical downward during the loading process, and can achieve better test results.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of civil engineering structure test device, and particularly relates to a plane-out-of-plane eccentric compression test device for plate members and a test method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of the building industry, high-rise buildings and super high-rise buildings are emerging in endlessly. Cast-in-place shear walls, prefabricated shear walls and various types of wall panels are used as the main load-bearing members in high-rise buildings, which are often subjected to eccentric forces in actual engineering. Therefore, the study on the mechanical properties of wall panels under eccentric compression is crucial.

[0003] In the current eccentric compression test loading device for cast-in-place shear walls, prefabricated shear walls, masonry walls and various types of wall panels, a knife hinge device is usually used to realize the transmission of eccentric force. However, the traditional knife hinge device will have a horizontal force acting on the knife hinge during the loading process, which will cause the actual applied load direction to deviate from the vertical downward direction. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a plane-out-of-plane eccentric compression test device for plate members, which can ensure that the load direction is always vertical downward during the loading process. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a plane-out-of-plane eccentric compression test device for plate members. The device eliminates the horizontal force by setting parallel rollers, thereby solving the problem that the actual load transmitted by the biasing device cannot always remain vertical downward.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A plane-out-of-plane eccentric compression test device for plate members, which is used for testing the plane-out-of-plane eccentric compression mechanical properties of plate members, characterized in that it comprises a lower pressure plate, an upper pressure plate, a knife angle and parallel rollers.

[0007] The lower pressure plate is fixed on the end face of the free end of the plate member.

[0008] The upper pressure plate is arranged on the lower pressure plate.

[0009] The knife angle is welded below the upper pressure plate.

[0010] The parallel rollers are limited on the end face of the upper pressure plate away from the lower pressure plate and can roll on the upper pressure plate. During the compression test, the pressure of the pressure device acts on the parallel rollers, the parallel rollers roll under pressure and transmit the eccentric force to the plate member through the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate.

[0011] Further, a knife angle is arranged on the end face of the upper bearing plate towards the lower bearing plate, the knife angle is conical, a conical clamping groove matched with the knife angle is arranged on the lower bearing plate, and the knife angle is clamped in the conical clamping groove during the test.

[0012] Further, the position corresponding to the sharp angle of the conical clamping groove is consistent with the position of the eccentric force loading point.

[0013] Further, the two inclined angles of the conical clamping groove are 30°-45° and 45°-60° respectively.

[0014] Further, protrusions for preventing the parallel roller from sliding out are arranged on the two opposite side edges of the upper bearing plate along the length direction, and the height of the protrusions is greater than the radius of the parallel roller.

[0015] Further, the parallel roller includes a plurality of rollers connected in parallel and having the same diameter, each of the rollers can freely roll, and the width of the upper bearing steel plate is greater than the sum of the diameters of the plurality of rollers.

[0016] Further, a loading beam is arranged on the parallel roller, and the upper bearing plate is hung on the loading beam through a connecting piece during the test.

[0017] Further, the cross section of the loading beam is H-shaped.

[0018] Further, the connecting piece includes an L-shaped connecting plate arranged on the side wall of the upper bearing plate and extending towards the loading beam, and a bolt screwed with the L-shaped connecting plate, and the upper bearing plate is hung on the loading beam through the bolt during the test, so that the frequent disassembly during the test is avoided.

[0019] Another object of the present application is to provide a test method of the out-of-plane eccentric compression test device for the plate-shaped component.

[0020] Step 1: manufacturing the plate-shaped component; pouring the ground beam and the plate-shaped component into one whole body through the arranged connecting steel bars, reserving anchor holes on the ground beam during pouring, and arranging corbels on the top of the plate-shaped component according to the specification; embedding the lower bearing steel plate with a conical clamping groove in the corbel part of the plate-shaped component according to the eccentric distance, and ensuring that the position corresponding to the sharp angle of the conical clamping groove is consistent with the position of the eccentric force loading point during embedding;

[0021] Step 2: fixing the plate-shaped component with the ground through the mode that the anchor rod passes through the anchor hole, and placing the parallel roller on the upper bearing steel plate;

[0022] Step 3: embedding the upper bearing plate into the conical clamping groove of the lower bearing steel plate, and adjusting the position of the parallel roller so that the position of the parallel roller is located in the middle of the groove of the upper bearing plate;

[0023] Step 4: control the actuator to move downward, the actuator presses the parallel roller, and the upper bearing steel plate is kept horizontal, and then the subsequent compression test is carried out.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0025] (1) The eccentric compression test device of the plate component of the present application sets a parallel roller between the upper bearing plate transmitting the linear load and the vertical actuator, eliminating the horizontal force existing at the knife hinge during the loading process of the traditional biasing device, ensuring that the direction of the load is always vertical downward during the loading process, and achieving better test results.

[0026] (2) The present application arranges limiting angle steels on both sides of the upper bearing steel plate along the width, and before and after the test starts, the limiting angle steels are used to connect the upper bearing steel plate and the loading steel beam together through bolts, and after the component installation is completed, the test is carried out by removing the bolts, which not only avoids the process of installing and disassembling the loading device before and after the test, but also realizes the actual load working condition of the component;

[0027] (3) The upper bearing steel plate where the parallel roller is placed in the present application is a groove type, which not only ensures the rolling of the parallel roller, but also prevents the parallel roller from falling due to sudden conditions during the test process, avoids dangerous factors during the test process, and better ensures the safety of the test personnel during the test process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the eccentric compression test device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is an axonometric view of the eccentric compression test device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 is a top view of the eccentric compression test device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 is a front view of the eccentric compression test device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 is a side view of the eccentric compression test device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of the upper bearing plate and the knife angle in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 is a structural schematic view of the lower bearing plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 is a structural schematic view of the parallel roller in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 9 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a limiting angle steel in the embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Mark No. 1 - upper bearing plate; 2 - parallel roller; 3 - lower bearing plate; 30 - conical clamping groove; 4 - limiting angle steel; 5 - knife angle; 6 - loaded steel beam; 7 - screw rod; 8 - wallboard test piece; 9 - ground beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0040] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but is not limited to the present application.

[0041] The present application provides a device for testing the out-of-plane eccentric compression mechanical properties of a plate component, wherein in the embodiment, the eccentric compression component is a wallboard, and when the wallboard test piece 8 is made, the ground beam 9 and the wallboard test piece 8 are poured as a whole by setting the connecting steel bars according to the specification, and the anchor holes are reserved on the ground beam 9 during pouring, and the corbels are set on the top of the wallboard test piece 8 according to the specification. Before the test, the wallboard test piece is fixed on the ground beam 9 by the way of the anchor rod passing through the anchor hole. As shown in Fig. 1, the device comprises a lower bearing plate 3, a limiting angle steel 4, a knife angle 5, a loaded steel beam 6, a screw rod 7, a wallboard test piece 8 and a ground beam 9. Figures 1-5As shown, the eccentric compression test device comprises a lower pressure plate 3, an upper pressure plate 1 arranged on the lower pressure plate 3, and parallel rolling shafts 2 limited in the upper pressure plate 1. The lower pressure plate 3 is pre-buried on the corbel at the top of the wallboard test piece 8 when the wallboard test piece is made. In order to facilitate the accurate transmission of eccentric force, a tapered slot 30 is arranged on the lower pressure plate 3, and the sharp angle of the tapered slot 30 is consistent with the position of the eccentric force loading point. Corresponding to the lower pressure plate 3, a tapered knife corner 5 cooperating with the tapered slot 30 is arranged at the bottom of the upper pressure plate 1, and the knife corner 5 is embedded in the tapered slot 30, so as to realize the transmission of vertical eccentric load. Specifically, the knife corner 5 is welded at the middle of the bottom of the upper pressure plate 1, and the knife corner 5 is embedded in the tapered slot 30 of the lower pressure plate 3 during the test. The parallel rolling shafts 2 comprise a plurality of parallel connected rolling shafts, and each rolling shaft can freely roll. In order to prevent the parallel rolling shafts 2 from rolling off the upper pressure plate 1 during the test, a protrusion is arranged on both sides of the upper pressure plate 1 along the length direction, which forms a concave groove on the top surface of the upper pressure plate 1, and the parallel rolling shafts 2 are placed in the concave groove. The cross-sectional width of the upper pressure steel plate 1 should be greater than the sum of the diameters of the rolling shafts, so as to ensure that the parallel rolling shafts 2 have a rolling space during the test, and the parallel rolling shafts 2 should be placed in the concave groove initially and be biased to the test eccentric direction. In order to facilitate the pressing of the pressing device, a loading beam 6 is arranged on the parallel rolling shafts 2. The cross section of the loading beam 6 is I-shaped, and during the test, the loading steel beam 6, the parallel rolling shafts 2 and the upper pressure plate 1 should be ensured to be in contact with each other. Under the action of vertical eccentric load, the relative sliding between the loading steel beam 6 and the wallboard test piece is realized through the parallel rolling shafts 2, and the horizontal force existing at the knife corner during the loading process is eliminated, so as to ensure that the direction of the load is always vertical downward during the loading process; the ground beam 9 is reserved with anchor holes when it is integrally cast with the wallboard test piece, and the ground beam 9 is fixed with the ground through anchor rods during the test, so as to meet the boundary condition that the other end of the test piece is a fixed end. In order to ensure good contact between the loading steel beam 6, the parallel rolling shafts 2 and the upper pressure plate 1 before the test, a plurality of connecting pieces are arranged on the side walls of the upper pressure plate along the length direction, and the plurality of connecting pieces comprise L-shaped connecting plates extending towards the loading beam direction and bolts connected with the L-shaped connecting plates through threads, and the upper pressure plate 1 is hung on the loading beam 6 through the bolts during the test. In this embodiment, the L-shaped connecting plate is an L-shaped limiting angle steel 4, and a plurality of limiting angle steels 4 are uniformly welded on both sides of the upper pressure plate 1. After the test, the upper pressure steel plate 1 is hung on the loading steel beam 6 through the screw holes reserved by the limiting angle steel 4, and the screw rod 7 is removed during the test, reducing the installation and disassembly of the loading device during the test piece carrying process.

[0042] As Figure 6As shown, the length of the upper bearing steel plate 1 is the same as the top length of the wall panel specimen 8, while the cross-sectional width of the upper bearing plate 1 should be much larger than the sum of the diameters of the parallel rollers 2 to ensure that the parallel rollers 2 have sufficient rolling space; the height of the protrusion on the upper bearing plate 1 should be greater than or equal to the radius of the parallel rollers 2 to prevent the parallel rollers 2 from accidentally slipping out during the test. The blade angle 5 is welded to the bottom center of the upper bearing plate 1, and its cross-section is an equilateral triangle. The length of the blade angle 5 is the same as the length of the upper bearing steel plate 1. In this example, the cross-sectional width of the upper bearing steel plate 1 is 300mm, the height of the protrusion is 20mm, the thickness is 30mm, the side length of the equilateral triangle of the blade angle 5 is 80mm, and the lengths of both the upper bearing steel plate 1 and the blade angle 5 are 1500mm.

[0043] like Figure 7 As shown, the length of the lower bearing plate 3 with the tapered groove is the same as the top length of the wall panel specimen 8, and the cross-sectional width is determined by the specific dimensions of the wall panel specimen 8. Since the lower bearing plate 3 with the tapered groove 30 is pre-embedded in the corbel at the top of the wall panel specimen 8, it is necessary to ensure that the position of the tip of the tapered groove 30 on the wall panel specimen 8 is consistent with the eccentricity during pre-embedding. In this example, the cross-sectional width of the lower bearing steel plate 3 with the tapered groove 30 is 150mm and the height is 80mm. The inclination angles on the left and right sides of the tapered groove are 30-45° and 45-60°, respectively. In this embodiment, the inclination angles on the left and right sides of the tapered groove are 30° and 60°, respectively, and the length of the lower bearing steel plate with the blade edge is 1500mm.

[0044] like Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the parallel roller 2 is composed of three rollers of the same diameter connected together. The length of the parallel roller 2 is the same as the length of the upper bearing plate 1, and the roller diameter is determined according to the width of the cross-section of the loading steel beam 6. In this example, the diameter of a single roller is 40mm and the length is 1500mm.

[0045] like Figure 9 As shown, the limiting angle steel 4 is L-shaped, comprising a horizontally arranged flange and a web perpendicular to the flange and extending towards the loading beam. The flange width is determined based on specific test conditions. The web height, bolt hole position, and bolt rod 7 length should ensure that the loading device can be suspended on the loading steel beam 6, and are evenly distributed along both sides of its width according to the length of the upper bearing steel plate 1. In this example, the limiting angle steel 4 has a flange length of 80mm, a flange thickness of 30mm, a web length of 150mm, a web thickness of 30mm, a bolt hole diameter of 15mm, and a bolt rod 7 length of 240mm.

[0046] The test method of the eccentric compression test device for plate components provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Fabricate the eccentrically loaded plate member 8; according to the specifications, cast the ground beam 9 and the specimen together as a whole by setting connecting steel bars. During casting, anchor holes are reserved on the ground beam 9. The height of the cast plate member 8 is half the height of the plate member to be tested; at the same time, according to the specifications, set the corbel on the top of the wall panel specimen 8; according to the eccentricity, embed the lower bearing steel plate 3 with a conical groove on the top of the corbel. When embedding, ensure that the position corresponding to the tip of the conical groove is consistent with the position of the eccentric force loading point.

[0048] Step 2: Take the anchor rod, pass the anchor rod through the anchor hole to fix the wall panel specimen 8 to the ground, suspend the upper bearing plate 1 on the loading steel beam 6 through the screw 7, and place the parallel roller 2 in the concave groove of the upper bearing steel plate 1;

[0049] Step 3: Insert the blade 5 into the tapered groove of the lower pressure plate 3, and adjust the position of the parallel roller 2 so that the position of the parallel roller 2 is in the middle of the concave groove of the upper pressure plate 1.

[0050] Step 4: Control the actuator to move downwards. The actuator applies pressure to the loading beam 6 so that the loading beam 6 presses against the parallel roller 2. After ensuring that the upper bearing plate 1 remains horizontal, remove the screw 7 on the limiting angle steel 4 to prepare for the subsequent pressure test.

[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should recognize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the content of this specification should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for out-of-plane eccentric compression of plate-type components, the apparatus being used to test the out-of-plane eccentric compressive mechanical properties of plate-type components, characterized in that, Includes a lower pressure plate, an upper pressure plate, blade corners, and parallel rollers; among which, The lower bearing plate is fixed to the free end face of the plate member; Upper pressure plate, which is disposed on the lower pressure plate; and Parallel rollers are positioned on the end face of the upper pressure plate away from the lower pressure plate and can roll on the upper pressure plate. During the pressure test, the pressure of the pressure application device acts on the parallel rollers, and the parallel rollers roll under pressure and transmit the eccentric force to the plate component through the upper and lower pressure plates. A loading beam is provided on the parallel rollers. During the test, the upper bearing plate is suspended on the loading beam by a connector. The connector includes an L-shaped connecting plate disposed on the side wall of the upper bearing plate and extending toward the loading beam, and bolts that are threadedly connected to the L-shaped connecting plate. During the test, the upper bearing plate is suspended on the loading beam by the bolts. Specifically, a blade angle is provided on the end face of the upper pressure plate facing the lower pressure plate. The blade angle is conical. A conical groove that mates with the blade angle is provided on the lower pressure plate. During the test, the blade angle is engaged in the conical groove. The position of the free end of the load-bearing component corresponding to the sharp corner of the conical groove is consistent with the position of the eccentric force loading point.

2. The out-of-plane eccentric compression test device for plate-type components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sides of the tapered slot have inclination angles of 30°-45° and 45°-60°, respectively.

3. The out-of-plane eccentric compression test device for plate-type components according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the two opposite sides of the upper bearing plate along the length direction, there are protrusions to prevent the parallel rollers from slipping out. The height of the protrusions is greater than the radius of the parallel rollers.

4. The out-of-plane eccentric compression test device for plate-type components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parallel rollers include multiple rollers connected in parallel with the same diameter, wherein each roller can roll freely, and the width of the upper pressure plate is greater than the sum of the diameters of the multiple rollers.

5. The out-of-plane eccentric compression test device for plate-type components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the loading beam is I-shaped.

6. A test method for an out-of-plane eccentric compression test apparatus for plate-type components according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Fabricate the slab component; cast the ground beam and wall panel component into a whole by setting connecting steel bars. During casting, pre-reserve anchor holes on the ground beam. At the same time, set the corbel on the top of the slab component according to the specifications; according to the eccentricity, pre-embed the lower bearing plate with tapered groove in the corbel part of the slab component. When pre-embedding, ensure that the position corresponding to the sharp corner of the tapered groove is consistent with the position of the eccentric force loading point. Step 2: Fix the plate component to the ground by passing anchor bolts through anchor holes, and place the parallel rollers on the upper bearing plate; Step 3: Insert the upper pressure plate into the tapered groove of the lower pressure plate, and adjust the position of the parallel rollers so that the position of the parallel rollers is in the middle of the groove of the upper pressure plate; Step 4: Control the actuator to move downwards. The actuator applies pressure to the parallel rollers. After ensuring that the upper pressure plate remains horizontal, conduct the subsequent pressure test.

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