Self-powered circuitry and methods
By controlling the current flow through the logic control module and current control module in the self-powered circuit system, the high power consumption problem of the self-powered primary-side control structure under no-load conditions is solved, and the system startup time is fixed and power consumption is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202210493561.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-05-07
AI Technical Summary
The existing self-powered primary-side control structure has high standby power consumption when the system is unloaded, especially when the system is shut down, the current on the high-voltage start-up resistor is transferred to ground, which leads to increased power consumption.
The system employs a self-powered circuit system. Through the cooperation of the logic control module and the current control module, the current flow is controlled. The first and third switches are used to charge the capacitor components with constant current during the startup phase, and the current is switched to the reference voltage terminal during the normal operation phase to reduce no-load power consumption.
It achieves a fixed system startup time under different high voltage input voltages and significantly reduces the system's no-load power consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN114844338B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the field of electric power conversion, and more particularly, to a self-powered circuit system and method. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the miniaturization and thinness of household appliances, battery-powered devices are becoming more and more popular. At the same time, the portability of the device requires smaller and lighter charging devices. Therefore, a self-powered primary side control AC-DC technology that saves space has become popular. The current mainstream self-powered primary side control AC-DC technology: the system starts through a high-voltage starting resistor. After starting, the on-off of the power tube on the high-voltage side provides the current required for driving itself. After the system is turned off, the current on the high-voltage starting resistor is transferred to the ground, resulting in an increase in standby power consumption. When the system is idle, the standby power consumption increases more obviously. SUMMARY
[0003] To solve the problems in the prior art, the present application aims to keep the system startup time fixed and reduce the idle power consumption of the system after startup, and further provides a self-powered circuit system and method.
[0004] The present application adopts the following technical solutions.
[0005] A self-powered circuit system, comprising: a high-voltage input terminal, a reference voltage terminal, a first resistive element, a current control module, a logic control module, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a capacitor element;
[0006] The logic control module is connected to the control ports of the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch, respectively.
[0007] The first switch is used to amplify the current.
[0008] The logic control module and the third switch are connected to the first end of the capacitor element, and the second switch and the reference voltage terminal are connected to the second end of the capacitor element, respectively.
[0009] The first resistive element, the logic control module, and the first switch are connected to the current control module, respectively.
[0010] The first resistive element and the first switch are connected to the high-voltage input terminal, respectively.
[0011] The first switch and the third switch are connected to the second switch through the same point.
[0012] Further, the current control module is connected to the first end of the capacitor element.
[0013] Further, the first resistive element is any one or a series, parallel or series-parallel combination of resistors, inductors, capacitors, diodes and transistors.
[0014] Further, the first switch is a power transistor.
[0015] Further, the current control module comprises a fourth switch, a fifth switch and a constant current control module.
[0016] The control terminals of the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected to the logic control module.
[0017] The input terminals of the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected to the output of the first resistive element.
[0018] The output terminal of the fourth switch is connected to one end of the capacitive element, the output terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the input terminal of the constant current control module, and the output terminal of the constant current control module is connected to the first switch.
[0019] A self-powered method, comprising the following steps:
[0020] In step S1, when the system is in a starting phase, the logic control module sends an instruction to the current control module to output a constant current flowing through the current control module to the first switch; wherein the current flowing through the current control module is provided by a high-voltage input terminal and passes through the first resistive element before flowing into the current control module.
[0021] In step S2, the logic control module simultaneously sends an instruction to the first switch, the second switch and the third switch to open the first switch and the third switch and close the second switch.
[0022] In step S3, the current input to the first switch is amplified by the first switch and then output to the capacitive element for charging.
[0023] Further, the method further comprises:
[0024] In step S4, when the system is in a normal working phase, the logic control module simultaneously sends an instruction to the first switch, the second switch and the third switch to open the first switch and the second switch and close the third switch, so as to directly output the current of the high-voltage terminal to the reference voltage terminal.
[0025] Further, the method further comprises:
[0026] In step S5, the logic control module sends an instruction to the current control module to output the current flowing through the current control module to the first end of the capacitive element.
[0027] Further, step S5 specifically comprises:
[0028] Step S51, the logic control module instructs the current control module to close the fifth switch and open the fourth switch of the current control module.
[0029] Step S52, the current output by the fourth switch is output to the first end of the capacitor element.
[0030] Further, step S1 specifically comprises:
[0031] Step S11, the logic control module instructs the current control module to close the fourth switch and open the fifth switch of the current control module.
[0032] Step S12, the constant current control module of the current control module outputs the constant current of the fifth switch to the first switch.
[0033] The present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
[0034] (1) The circuit adds a current control module and the connection relationship between the current control module and other modules, switches and devices based on the prior art. When the system starts, the logic control module controls the current control module, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch. The logic control module opens the third switch and closes the second switch. The current control module outputs the constant current of the current flowing through the first resistive element from the high-voltage input terminal to the first switch, thereby controlling the current flowing from the high-voltage input terminal to the capacitor element through the first switch. In this way, the current for charging the capacitor element is fixed, and the starting time of the system is kept fixed under different input voltages of the high-voltage input terminal.
[0035] (2) After the system starts, the current control module stops providing current to the first switch, and then controls the current flowing through the first resistive element from the high-voltage input terminal and inputs it to the capacitor element, i.e. the part of the current is taken as a part of the input current, instead of being transmitted to the ground. In this way, the no-load power consumption of the system after starting is greatly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0036] Figure 1 It is a self-powered circuit structure diagram of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0037] Figure 2 It is a first resistive element internal structure diagram of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0038] Figure 3 It is a current control module internal structure diagram of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0039] Figure 4A It is a current flow diagram of the self-powered circuit when the system starts.
[0040] Figure 4B Current flow diagram for the current control module when the system is starting up.
[0041] Figure 5A Current flow diagram for the self-powered circuit when the system is working normally.
[0042] Figure 5B Current flow diagram for the current control module when the system is working normally. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] The application will be further described below with reference to the drawings. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the application, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the application.
[0044] As shown in Figure 1 , a self-powered circuit system includes a high-voltage input terminal, a reference voltage terminal, a first resistive element, a current control module, a logic control module, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a capacitor element.
[0045] The logic control module is connected to the control ports of the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch, respectively. It should be noted that the switch includes at least three ports: an input port, an output port, and a control port. The switch here refers to the first switch, the second switch, or the third switch. The first switch can be a triode, which is used to amplify a constant current and control whether the current is transmitted backward. The second switch and the third switch have similar functions, which are used to control the direction of the current transmitted backward by the first switch during system startup and at the end of startup, respectively.
[0046] The logic control module and the third switch are both connected to the first end of the capacitor element. Further, the current control module is also connected to the first end of the capacitor element. The second switch and the reference voltage terminal (i.e., VREF in Figure 1 ) are both connected to the second end of the capacitor element. The first resistive element, the logic control module, and the first switch are connected to the current control module. The function of the logic control module connected to the capacitor element is to detect the voltage across the capacitor element and compare it with a pre-set value to determine whether the startup phase is over. The second switch and the second end of the capacitor element are both connected to the reference voltage terminal, i.e., the second end of the capacitor element is used as the voltage reference terminal of the system.
[0047] The third switch is connected to the capacitor element to provide a current path for the constant current charging of the capacitor element by the third switch.
[0048] The first resistive element and the first switch are both connected to the high-voltage input terminal (i.e., VIN in Figure 1The first switch and the third switch are connected to the second switch through the same point. The control module opens the third switch and closes the second switch, so that the current flowing through the first switch flows into the capacitor element, and the voltage across the capacitor element rises.
[0049] When the system is in the starting stage, the logic control module controls the current flowing through the first resistive element from the high-voltage input terminal to the first switch through the current control module, so as to control the current flowing from the high-voltage input terminal to the capacitor element through the first switch, so as to realize constant starting time of the system. At this time, the first switch and the third switch are opened, and the logic control module charges the capacitor element through the current control module.
[0050] After the system is started, the current flowing through the first resistive element from the high-voltage input terminal is switched to the capacitor element, and the no-load power consumption of the started system is reduced. Then, the system enters the normal working stage, and the logic control module controls the first switch and the second switch to be opened and closed at the same time, and controls the presence or absence of the current flowing from the high-voltage input terminal to the reference voltage terminal.
[0051] In an embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The first resistive element can be composed of a plurality of devices that can hinder the current, such as resistors, inductors, capacitors and other passive devices, or diodes, transistors and other active devices. The connection mode of the devices in the module can be series, parallel, series-parallel, etc. During system startup, the first resistive element draws current from the high-voltage input terminal, and then transmits the current to the current control module, preparing for subsequent current control of the first switch by the current control module. It should be noted that the significance of adding the first resistive element here is that: (1) The voltage on the high-voltage input terminal is usually relatively high, about several hundred volts, while the maximum voltage that the current control module can withstand is usually several tens of volts (low voltage), and the first resistive element connected between them is to reduce the voltage input from the high-voltage input terminal to the current control module. (2) During the starting stage of the system, a most initial current is needed to directly or indirectly control the first switch to charge the capacitor element.
[0052] The first switch is a power transistor, which has a current amplification effect. During startup, the current controlled by the current control module is input to the base of the first switch, and the first switch will draw a proportional current from the high-voltage input terminal to the emitter. This part of the current flows into the capacitor element through the third switch. The current amplification effect of the first switch enables the current control module to obtain a large and constant current through a small and constant current, and realizes constant starting time in cooperation with the capacitor element.
[0053] In an embodiment, please refer to Figure 3The current control module can include a fourth switch, a fifth switch and a constant current control module. The control ends of the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected to the logic control module, and are used to receive control signals from the logic control module to open or close the switches. The input ends of the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected to the output of the first resistive element, and are used to receive the current from the first resistive element. The output end of the fourth switch is connected to the first end of the capacitive element, and the output end of the fifth switch is connected to the input end of the constant current control module. The output end of the constant current control module is connected to the first switch. The fourth switch and the fifth switch are used to switch the current transmitted by the first resistive element. In the starting stage, the fifth switch is opened, and in the normal working stage, the fourth switch is opened.
[0054] When the system is started, the logic control module opens the third switch and the fifth switch, and closes the fourth switch and the second switch. The current flowing through the first resistive element flows into the constant current control module through the fifth switch, and is output to the first switch after being constant by the constant current control module. The first switch receives the constant current, amplifies the constant current, and extracts the amplified constant current from the high-voltage input end through the third switch. It should be noted that the current flowing through the first resistive module (i.e., the first current in FIG. 4) flows into the constant current control module through the fifth switch, and is output (i.e., the second current in FIG. 4) to the first switch after being constant by the constant current control module. The first switch receives the constant current (i.e., the second current in FIG. 4), amplifies the constant current, and extracts the amplified constant current (i.e., the third current in FIG. 4) from the high-voltage input end. The third current flows into (i.e., the fourth current in FIG. 4) the first capacitor through the third switch. From the logic relationship, the second current controls the third current. From the numerical relationship, the third current is proportional to the second current, i.e., the third current = the second current*K (amplification factor of the first switch).
[0055] In summary, when the system is started, the input voltage on the high-voltage input terminal is different, and the current flowing into the capacitive element is constant. When the capacitance value of the capacitive element is constant, the starting time is maintained unchanged. The basic principle is that a current with a fixed current value is used to charge a capacitor with a fixed capacitance value. The time for the voltage across the capacitor to rise from a fixed voltage value to another fixed voltage value is fixed. Since the third current value and the capacitance value of the capacitive element are relatively fixed, the starting time is maintained unchanged.
[0056] After startup, the system enters the normal operating phase. The logic control module opens the fourth switch and closes the fifth, third, and second switches. The current flowing through the first resistive element flows through the fourth switch into the first terminal of the capacitor. At this time, all the current flowing through the first resistive element flows into the capacitor for storage, which is then used by the drive circuit, thereby reducing the system's no-load power consumption. It is understandable that the voltage at the high-voltage input terminal is always higher than the voltage at the reference voltage terminal. Therefore, the voltage at the node connecting the first capacitor to the third switch must be higher than that at the second switch. In other words, current flowing to the terminal with the higher voltage of the first capacitor is for storage; conversely, if the current flows to the reference voltage terminal, it is equivalent to discharging the first capacitor. In related technologies, there is no current control module. During startup, the first current is directly supplied to the first switch through the first resistive element. During normal operation, the first switch operates in the open and closed states, so the level of its control terminal is high or low. If the level is low, the current input from the first resistive element to the first switch will also be transmitted to the low level (usually ground), which leads to the waste of this part of the current. When the system is unloaded, the first and second switches do not need to be turned on, so this part of the current will be transmitted to the ground, resulting in an increase in no-load power consumption.
[0057] In summary, this application proposes a self-powered method, comprising the following steps:
[0058] Step S1, when the system is in the startup phase, such as Figure 4A As shown, the logic control module sends a command to the current control module to output the constant current flowing through the current control module to the first switch; wherein, the current flowing through the current control module is provided by the high voltage input terminal and passes through the first resistive element before flowing into the current control module;
[0059] like Figure 4B As shown, step S1 specifically includes:
[0060] Step S11: The logic control module sends a command to the current control module to turn off the fourth switch and turn on the fifth switch of the current control module.
[0061] In step S12, the constant current control module of the current control module outputs the constant current from the fifth switch to the first switch.
[0062] In step S2, the logic control module simultaneously sends instructions to the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch to open the first switch and the third switch and close the second switch.
[0063] Step S3: The current input to the first switch is amplified by the first switch and then output to the capacitor element for charging.
[0064] Step S4, the start phase ends, when the system is in the normal working phase, as shown in Figure 5A The logic control module simultaneously sends instructions to the first switch, the second switch and the third switch, for opening the first switch and the second switch, and closing the third switch, so as to directly output the current of the high-voltage terminal to the reference voltage terminal.
[0065] Step S5, the logic control module sends instructions to the current control module, for outputting the current flowing through the current control module to the first end of the capacitor element.
[0066] As shown in Figure 5B Step S5 specifically includes:
[0067] Step S51, the logic control module sends instructions to the current control module, for closing the fifth switch and opening the fourth switch of the current control module.
[0068] Step S52, outputting the current output by the fourth switch to the first end of the capacitor element.
[0069] The applicant of the present application has made a detailed description and explanation of the embodiments of the present application in combination with the drawings of the specification, but those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and the detailed description is only to help the reader better understand the spirit of the present application, and is not a limitation on the protection scope of the present application, on the contrary, any improvement or modification based on the spirit of the present application should fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. Self-powered circuitry, characterized in that, The application relates to a high-voltage input terminal, a reference voltage terminal, a first resistive element, a current control module, a logic control module, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a capacitor element. The logic control module is connected to the control ports of the first switch, the second switch and the third switch. The first switch is used for amplifying current. The logic control module and the third switch are connected to the first end of the capacitor element, and the second switch and the reference voltage terminal are connected to the second end of the capacitor element. The first resistive element, the logic control module and the first switch are connected to the current control module. The first resistive element and the first switch are connected to the high-voltage input terminal. The first switch and the third switch are connected to the second switch through the same point. The current control module comprises a fourth switch, a fifth switch and a constant current control module. The control ends of the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected to the logic control module. The input ends of the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected to the output of the first resistive element. The output end of the fourth switch is connected to one end of the capacitor element, the output end of the fifth switch is connected to the input end of the constant current control module, and the output end of the constant current control module is connected to the first switch. The current control module is connected to the first end of the capacitor element.
2. A self-powered circuitry according to claim 1, wherein, The first resistive element is any one or any combination of series connection, parallel connection or series-parallel connection of resistance, inductance, capacitance, diode and triode.
3. A self-powered circuitry as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The first switch is a power triode.
4. A self-powered circuitry as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The method comprises the following steps:
5. A self-powering method for use in the circuitry of any one of claims 1-4, characterized by, In step S1, when the system is in a starting stage, the logic control module sends an instruction to the current control module, which is used for outputting the current flowing through the current control module to the first switch after constant current control; wherein the current flowing through the current control module is provided by the high-voltage input terminal and passes through the first resistive element before flowing into the current control module; In step S2, the logic control module simultaneously sends an instruction to the first switch, the second switch and the third switch, which is used for opening the first switch and the third switch and closing the second switch; In step S3, the current input into the first switch is amplified by the first switch and then output to the capacitor element for charging. The method further comprises:
6. A self-powered method according to claim 5, wherein, In step S4, when the system is in a normal working stage, the logic control module simultaneously sends an instruction to the first switch, the second switch and the third switch, which is used for opening the first switch and the second switch and closing the third switch, so that the current of the high-voltage terminal is directly output to the reference voltage terminal. The method further comprises:
7. A self-powered method according to claim 6, wherein, In step S5, the logic control module sends an instruction to the current control module, which is used for outputting the current flowing through the current control module to the first end of the capacitor element. Step S5 specifically comprises:
8. A self-powered method according to claim 7, wherein, In step S51, the logic control module sends an instruction to the current control module, which is used for closing the fifth switch of the current control module and opening the fourth switch; In step S52, the current output by the fourth switch is output to the first end of the capacitor element. Step S1 specifically comprises:
9. The self-powered method of claim 5, wherein, In step S11, the logic control module sends an instruction to the current control module, which is used for closing the fourth switch of the current control module and opening the fifth switch; In step S12, the constant current control module of the current control module outputs the current output by the fifth switch to the first switch after constant current control.
Citation Information
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