Biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for harvesting water flow energy

Abstract

The application discloses a bionic friction nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy, which comprises a swing part and a power generation part arranged at the first end of the swing part. When the fluid impacts the first end of the swing part, the first end of the swing part swings around the first direction, and the power generation part swings around the first direction together with the swing part. The power generation part comprises a first shell and a plurality of power generation units arranged in the first shell. The power generation unit comprises a track structure, a friction layer and a friction ball. The track structure extends along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The friction layer is arranged on the inner wall of the track structure, and the friction ball is located in the track structure. When the power generation part swings around the first direction together with the swing part, the friction ball moves in the track structure along the extension direction of the track structure, and the friction ball and the friction layer can generate electricity by friction. Under the impact of the water flow, the swing part drives the power generation part to swing, the friction ball and the friction layer generate electricity by friction, and the low-frequency and low-flow-rate water flow energy can be efficiently captured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy, in particular to a bionic friction nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a clean energy, water flow energy can be recycled and has certain economic value for human life and world economic development. The most common way to convert water flow energy into electrical energy is electromagnetic generator, mainly used for large-scale power grid power supply. The current electromagnetic generator usually has a complex mechanical structure, large size and high cost. In addition, the establishment of a hydropower station based on an electromagnetic generator has a certain negative impact on the ecological environment. More importantly, the start of the electromagnetic generator has certain requirements for water flow speed, which is not suitable for capturing water flow energy under low flow speed conditions. SUMMARY

[0003] The embodiment of the present application provides a bionic friction nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy to solve the problem of difficult capture of low flow speed water flow energy.

[0004] In one aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a bionic friction nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy, which comprises a swing part and a power generation part. The power generation part is arranged at the first end of the swing part. When the water flow impacts the first end of the swing part, the first end of the swing part swings around the first direction, and the power generation part swings around the first direction together with the swing part. The power generation part comprises a first shell and a plurality of power generation units, and the plurality of power generation units are arranged in the first shell. The power generation unit comprises a track structure, a friction layer and a friction ball. The track structure extends along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The friction layer is arranged on the inner wall of the track structure, and the friction ball is located in the track structure. When the power generation part swings around the first direction together with the swing part, the friction ball moves in the track structure along the extension direction of the track structure, and the friction ball and the friction layer can generate electricity by friction.

[0005] The bionic friction nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize efficient capture of low frequency and low flow speed water flow energy under the impact of water flow, based on the flow-induced vibration effect, the swing part swings left and right in water, driving the power generation part to swing, the friction ball moves relative to the friction layer in the track structure, and the friction ball and the friction layer generate electricity by friction. The device has simple structure, small size and low cost, and is environmentally friendly, which solves the problem of difficult capture of low flow speed water flow energy.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the cross-sectional shape of the first end of the swing part along the second direction is trapezoidal.

[0007] According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the first end of the swing part has a containing space, and a rotating shaft is fixedly connected in the containing space and extends along the first direction. The first shell is located in the containing space and is rotationally connected to the rotating shaft.

[0008] According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a second shell is arranged in the containing space, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected in the second shell, and the first shell is located in the second shell.

[0009] According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of power generation units are arranged along the first direction and / or the third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

[0010] According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the material of the friction ball is a material with positive electricity, and the material of the friction layer is a material with negative electricity.

[0011] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application proposes another kind of bionic friction nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy, which comprises a swing part and a power generation part, and the power generation part is arranged at the first end of the swing part. When the water flow impacts the first end of the swing part, the first end of the swing part swings around the first direction, and the power generation part swings around the first direction together with the swing part. The power generation part comprises a first shell and a plurality of power generation units, and the plurality of power generation units are arranged in the first shell; the power generation unit comprises a cavity and a liquid medium, the cavity is arranged parallel to the second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the liquid medium is contained in the cavity; when the power generation part swings around the first direction together with the swing part, the liquid medium moves in the cavity, and the liquid medium and the cavity can generate electricity by friction.

[0012] The bionic friction nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize efficient capture of low-frequency and low-flow-rate water flow energy under the impact of water flow based on the flow-induced vibration effect, the swing part swings left and right in water, the power generation part swings, the liquid medium moves in the cavity, the liquid medium and the cavity generate electricity by friction, the device has simple structure, small size, low cost and strong environmental friendliness, and can avoid material wear and tear during friction power generation, has long service life, and solves the problem of difficult capture of low-flow-rate water flow energy.

[0013] According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the first end of the swing part has a fin structure, and the fin structure is located on both sides of the first shell along the second direction.

[0014] According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of power generation units are arranged in layers along the first direction.

[0015] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, the bottom wall of the cavity in a first direction has a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface, the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface being symmetrically arranged about a third inclined surface, the third inclined surface being perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. The end of the first inclined surface near the center of symmetry between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface is called the first end, and the end of the first inclined surface away from the center of symmetry between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface is called the second end. In the first direction, the height of the first end of the first inclined surface is lower than the height of the second end of the first inclined surface.

[0016] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a first electrode is disposed below a first inclined surface, and a second electrode is disposed below a second inclined surface.

[0017] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, the liquid medium is an electropositive liquid, and the material of the cavity is an electronegative material. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of the biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 A partial structural schematic diagram of the biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of the biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first housing of the biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the power generation unit of the biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 7A schematic diagram of the power generation unit of the biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy, provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 9 A partial structural schematic diagram of a biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy, provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the power generation unit of a biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy, provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the power generation unit of a biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy, provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 100 - Swinging part, 200 - Generating part;

[0032] 110 - pivot, 120 - second shell, 130 - fin structure;

[0033] 210 - First housing, 220 - Power generation unit;

[0034] 221-Track structure, 222-Friction layer, 223-Friction ball, 224-Cavity, 225-Liquid medium, 226-First inclined surface, 227-Second inclined surface, 228-First electrode, 229-Second electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of this application by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application, that is, this application is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; "multiple" means two or more; the terms "inner," "outer," "top," "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 This application provides a biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy, including a swinging part 100 and a power generation part 200, with the power generation part 200 disposed at a first end of the swinging part 100. In practical applications, the second end of the swinging part 100 is fixed in a river by a fixing member. When water flow impacts the first end of the swinging part 100, the first end of the swinging part 100 swings around a first direction, and the power generation part 200 swings along with the swinging part 100 around the first direction. See also Figure 2 The coordinate direction in the diagram is shown, with the x-axis indicating the first direction. The swinging part 100 is elastic and can be made of soft polymer materials, such as artificial rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane (PU), etc.

[0038] The power generation unit 200 includes a first housing 210 and a plurality of power generation units 220 disposed within the first housing 210. Each power generation unit 220 includes a track structure 221, a friction layer 222, and a friction ball 223. The track structure 221 extends along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. (See also...) Figure 2 The coordinate direction is shown on the graph, with the y-axis indicating the second direction. Friction layer 222 is disposed on the inner wall of track structure 221. Friction ball 223 is located within track structure 221. When the power generation unit 200 oscillates along with the swing unit 100 around the first direction, the friction ball 223 moves within track structure 221 along the extension direction of track structure 221, and the friction ball 223 and friction layer 222 can generate electricity through friction.

[0039] In this embodiment, under the impact of water flow, based on the flow-induced vibration effect, the first end of the oscillating part 100 oscillates left and right in the water as a fluid surrounding it, driving the power generation part 200 to oscillate. The friction ball 223 moves relative to the friction layer 222 within the track structure 221, generating electricity through friction between the friction ball 223 and the friction layer 222. Since the oscillating part 100 can oscillate under the action of low-velocity water flow energy, the biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device of this embodiment can achieve efficient capture of low-frequency, low-velocity water flow energy. Furthermore, the device has a simple structure, small size, low cost, and strong environmental friendliness. The biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device of this embodiment can serve as a distributed energy source to power the sensing system of smart agriculture.

[0040] Flow-induced vibration is a self-excited vibration in a low-speed water flow environment, where the periodic shedding of eddies stimulates lateral movement around the fluid. The first end of the oscillating part 100, acting as the fluid surrounding it, generates a eddy effect under the impact of the water flow. Under the action of the flow-induced vibration effect, the first end of the oscillating part 100 moves laterally, thereby driving the power generation part 200 to move laterally, achieving effective capture of water flow energy.

[0041] As an optional embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the first end of the swing portion 100 along the second direction is approximately trapezoidal; figuratively, the cross-sectional shape of the first end of the swing portion 100 along the second direction is similar to a fishtail shape. The end face of the first end of the swing portion 100 is a concave curved surface, which can increase resistance. The width of the swing portion 100 in the second direction gradually decreases from the first end to the second end, that is, the swing portion 100 gradually tapers from the first end to the second end, which can reduce resistance. This allows the first end of the swing portion 100 to undergo a significant flow-induced vibration effect under the impact of water flow, making the first end of the swing portion 100 easy to swing with a large swing amplitude, thereby enabling the device to convert water flow energy into electrical energy to a maximum extent. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the first end of the swing portion 100 along the second direction can also be circular, triangular, etc.

[0042] Combination Figure 4 As an optional embodiment, the first end of the swing portion 100 has a receiving space, within which a rotating shaft 110 is fixedly connected, extending along a first direction. A first housing 210 is located within the receiving space and is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 110. The rotating shaft 110 can increase the swing amplitude and frequency of the first housing 210, which is beneficial for improving the energy capture efficiency of the device. When the cross-sectional shape of the first end of the swing portion 100 along the second direction is trapezoidal, correspondingly, the cross-sectional shapes of the receiving space and the first housing 210 along the second direction are also trapezoidal.

[0043] As an optional embodiment, a second housing 120 is nested within the accommodating space, and a rotating shaft 110 is fixedly connected within the second housing 120. The first housing 210 is located within the second housing 120. The arrangement of the second housing 120 facilitates the assembly of the rotating shaft 110 and ensures its stable position. When the cross-sectional shape of the first housing 210 along the second direction is also trapezoidal, the shape of the second housing 120 is correspondingly trapezoidal as well. The volume of the second housing 120 is larger than the volume of the first housing 210, allowing the first housing 210 to swing around the rotating shaft 110 within the second housing 120.

[0044] Combination Figure 7As an optional embodiment, the multiple power generation units 220 can be arranged along a first direction or a third direction, or simultaneously along both the first and third directions. The third direction is perpendicular to the first and second directions. See also Figure 2 The coordinate directions in the diagram are shown, with the z-axis indicating the third direction.

[0045] In a specific implementation, when the cross-sectional shape of the first housing 210 along the second direction is also trapezoidal, the track structures 221 arranged along the third direction are of different lengths, with the track structure 221 near the second end of the swing part 100 being shorter.

[0046] In practical applications, the friction ball 223 can be made of an electropositive material, such as copper or aluminum. The friction layer 222 can be made of an electronegative material, such as nylon, polyimide (PI), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), silicone rubber, polyurethane (PU), fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Due to the different electronegativity of the materials, the friction ball 223 and friction layer 222 rub against each other. The friction ball 223 accumulates positive frictional charges on its surface, and according to the law of conservation of charge, the friction layer 222 accumulates negative frictional charges on its surface. When connected to an external circuit, the friction layer 222 can provide electrical energy, thus converting water flow energy into electrical energy.

[0047] See Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 Another embodiment of this application provides a biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy, including a swinging part 100 and a power generation part 200, the power generation part 200 being disposed at a first end of the swinging part 100. When water flow impacts the first end of the swinging part 100, the first end of the swinging part 100 swings about a first direction, and the power generation part 200 swings along with the swinging part 100 about the first direction. See also Figure 9 The coordinate direction in the diagram is shown, with the x-axis indicating the first direction. Similarly, the swing part 100 is elastic, and its material can be a soft polymer material, such as artificial rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane (PU), etc.

[0048] The power generation unit 200 includes a first housing 210 and a plurality of power generation units 220, which are disposed within the first housing 210. Each power generation unit 220 includes a cavity 224 and a liquid medium 225. The cavity 224 is arranged parallel to a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. (See also...) Figure 9The coordinate direction is shown in the figure, with the y-axis indicating the second direction. The liquid medium 225 is contained within the cavity 224. When the power generation unit 200 swings along with the swinging unit 100 around the first direction, the liquid medium 225 moves within the cavity 224, and the liquid medium 225 and the cavity 224 can generate electricity through friction.

[0049] In this embodiment, under the impact of water flow, based on the flow-induced vibration effect, the first end of the swinging part 100 swings left and right in the water as a fluid surrounding it, driving the power generation part 200 to swing. The liquid medium 225 moves within the cavity 224, and the liquid medium 225 generates electricity through friction with the cavity 224. Since the swinging part 100 can swing even under the action of low-velocity water flow energy, the biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device of this embodiment can achieve efficient capture of low-frequency, low-velocity water flow energy. Furthermore, since the liquid medium 225 generates electricity through friction with the cavity 224, material wear during the triboelectric power generation process can be avoided, extending the service life of the device.

[0050] As an optional embodiment, the first end of the swing section 100 has a fin-like structure 130, which is located on both sides of the first housing 210 along the second direction, and the fin-like structures 130 on both sides are symmetrically distributed. The fin-like structure 130 can increase the resistance, so that the first end of the swing section 100 can undergo a significant flow-induced vibration effect under the impact of water flow. The first end of the swing section 100 is easy to swing, and the swing amplitude is large, thereby enabling the device to convert water flow energy into electrical energy to a greater extent.

[0051] In a specific implementation, the first housing 210 can be cylindrical, and the axial direction of the first housing 210 is arranged along the first direction. Correspondingly, the cavity 224 is cylindrical, and the axial direction of the cavity 224 is arranged along the first direction.

[0052] Combination Figure 11 As an optional embodiment, multiple power generation units 220 are stacked along a first direction, resulting in a simple structure and easy assembly. For each power generation unit 220, the bottom wall of the cavity 224 in the first direction has a first inclined surface 226 and a second inclined surface 227, which are symmetrically arranged about a third direction, which is perpendicular to both the first and second directions. See also Figure 9In the coordinate system, the z-axis represents the third direction. The end of the first inclined plane 226 closest to the center of symmetry between the first inclined plane 226 and the second inclined plane 227 is the first end, and the end of the first inclined plane 226 furthest from the center of symmetry between the first inclined plane 226 and the second inclined plane 227 is the second end. In the first direction, the height of the first end of the first inclined plane 226 is lower than the height of the second end of the first inclined plane 226. When the power generation unit 200 oscillates, the liquid medium 225 moves obliquely upwards along the first inclined plane 226 or the second inclined plane 227 within the cavity 224. The arrangement of the first inclined plane 226 and the second inclined plane 227 can increase the amplitude of the liquid medium 225's movement, increase the frequency of the liquid medium 225's movement, extend the period of the liquid medium 225's movement, and improve the energy capture efficiency of the device.

[0053] In practice, when viewed along the first direction, the first inclined surface 226 can be a semi-circle. The first inclined surface 226 and the second inclined surface 227 can be connected.

[0054] As an optional embodiment, a first electrode 228 is disposed below the first inclined surface 226, and a second electrode 229 is disposed below the second inclined surface 227. In actual use, the first electrode 228 and the second electrode 229 are respectively connected to the two ends of an external load to achieve charge transfer. Specifically, the first electrode 228 and the second electrode 229 can be made of conductive yarn, and there can be multiple conductive yarns, which are respectively laid below the first inclined surface 226 and the second inclined surface 227.

[0055] In practical applications, the liquid medium 225 can be an electropositive liquid, such as water, sodium chloride solution, or sodium sulfate solution. The material of the cavity 224 can be an electronegative material, as specifically referred to the material of the friction layer 222 described above.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy, characterized in that, It includes a swinging part and a power generation part. The power generation part is disposed at the first end of the swinging part. When the water flow impacts the first end of the swinging part, the first end of the swinging part swings around a first direction, and the power generation part swings around the first direction along with the swinging part. The power generation unit includes a first housing and multiple power generation units, with the multiple power generation units disposed within the first housing. Each power generation unit includes a track structure, a friction layer, and a friction ball. The track structure extends along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. The friction layer is disposed on the inner wall of the track structure, and the friction ball is located within the track structure. When the power generation unit swings around the first direction along with the swinging part, the friction ball moves within the track structure along the extending direction of the track structure, and the friction ball and the friction layer can generate electricity through friction. The end face of the first end of the swinging part is a concave curved surface, and the width of the swinging part in the second direction gradually decreases from the first end to the second end.

2. The biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first end of the swinging part has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape along the second direction.

3. The biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first end of the swing part has a receiving space, and a rotating shaft is fixedly connected in the receiving space, the rotating shaft extending along the first direction; The first housing is located within the receiving space, and the first housing is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft.

4. The biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy according to claim 3, characterized in that, The accommodating space is provided with a second housing, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the second housing, and the first housing is located inside the second housing.

5. The biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of power generation units are arranged along the first direction and / or a third direction, wherein the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

6. The biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction ball is made of an electrically positive material, and the friction layer is made of an electrically negative material.

7. A biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy, characterized in that, It includes a swinging part and a power generation part. The power generation part is disposed at the first end of the swinging part. When the water flow impacts the first end of the swinging part, the first end of the swinging part swings around a first direction, and the power generation part swings around the first direction along with the swinging part. The power generation unit includes a first housing and multiple power generation units, with the multiple power generation units disposed within the first housing. Each power generation unit includes a cavity and a liquid medium. The cavity is arranged parallel to a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. The liquid medium is contained within the cavity. When the power generation unit swings around the first direction along with the swinging part, the liquid medium moves within the cavity, and the liquid medium and the cavity can generate electricity through friction.

8. The biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first end of the swinging part has a fin-like structure, which is located on both sides of the first housing along the second direction.

9. The biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy according to claim 7, characterized in that, The plurality of power generation units are stacked along the first direction.

10. The biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cavity has a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface on its bottom wall in the first direction. The first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are symmetrically arranged about a third direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. The end of the first inclined plane that is closer to the center of symmetry between the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane is called the first end, and the end of the first inclined plane that is farther away from the center of symmetry between the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane is called the second end. In the first direction, the height of the first end of the first inclined plane is lower than the height of the second end of the first inclined plane.

11. The biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy according to claim 10, characterized in that, A first electrode is disposed below the first inclined surface, and a second electrode is disposed below the second inclined surface.

12. The biomimetic triboelectric nanogenerator device for capturing water flow energy according to claim 7, characterized in that, The liquid medium is an electropositive liquid, and the cavity material is an electronegative material.

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