A preparation method of a composite metal wire

Abstract

The present invention discloses a preparation method of a composite metal wire. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) providing a main body metal wire and at least one guest metal wire; (2) longitudinally processing a U-shaped groove on the main body metal wire that matches the guest metal wire; (3) embedding the guest metal wire into the corresponding U-shaped groove; (4) closing the notch of the U-shaped groove of the main body metal wire. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can avoid the problems of air cavities and faults inside the composite metal wire, ensure the composition ratio and uniformity of the wire, and significantly reduce the deviation between the actual value and the designed value of the composition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of wire processing, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a composite metal wire. Background Art

[0002] Wire materials are a common type of consumables in welding, additive manufacturing, and surface processing technologies, and are commonly used in manufacturing technologies such as fused filament additive manufacturing technology, welding and repair, and thermal spraying. With the development and progress of technology, additive technology has completely changed the processing mode of traditional metal parts, especially metal parts with high performance, difficult processing, complex structural shapes, etc. It has broad application prospects in equipment manufacturing such as aerospace and power electronics, and has become one of the forefront research and competition hotspots in the current fields of material preparation science and advanced manufacturing technology. Due to its processing characteristics and structural performance requirements, the fused filament additive technology has higher and higher requirements for the composition control and uniformity of metal wire materials, which has significantly increased the difficulty of metal wire material preparation technology.

[0003] Current composite metal wire materials are mainly divided into solid core wire materials and flux cored wire materials. Solid core wire materials are generally made through processes such as melting, casting, forging, rolling, annealing, and drawing. They are convenient to operate and have high production efficiency during use. The main problems are that it is difficult to adjust the composition and it cannot meet the requirements of flexible and variable production varieties. Using the technology of layer-by-layer coating of multiple alloy materials to process and produce solid core wire materials can overcome the above-mentioned problem of difficult composition adjustment. However, due to the obvious difference in ductility and strength between the alloy materials of each layer, quality problems such as material faults in the middle part are likely to occur; in terms of composition control, the layer thickness will change during the later wire drawing and forming of various alloy materials, resulting in inaccurate control of the wire material composition ratio and easy deviation between the actual wire material and the designed composition value. Different from the production process of solid core wire materials, flux cored wire materials are generally made by the powder / tube method or the powder / skin method. In the manufacturing process of flux cored wire materials, the powder is wrapped in a thin strip or tube. According to the requirements of production varieties, the powder composition can be adjusted flexibly and variably. However, due to the unstable fluidity of the powder, during the rolling or drawing process, the powder in each section cannot be evenly distributed, and it is easy to have a phenomenon that there is more powder coated in a certain section, less powder coated in a certain section or even empty, resulting in uneven composition in the local part of the flux cored wire material, or being mixed with gas, making the flux cored wire material prone to defects such as lack of fusion, pore collapse, porosity, cracks, and spatter during the use of vacuum cladding. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above problems existing in the processing of existing composite metal wire materials, the present invention provides an improved method for preparing a composite metal wire.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above object is as follows:

[0006] A method for preparing a composite metal wire, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) providing a subject metal wire and at least one guest metal wire;

[0008] (2) longitudinally processing a U-shaped groove on the main metal wire to match the object metal wire;

[0009] (3) embedding the object metal wire into the corresponding U-shaped groove;

[0010] (4) Gather the U-shaped notch of the main metal wire.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the main metal wire is 1.05 to 1.1 times the diameter of the composite metal wire.

[0012] Preferably, the diameter of the composite metal wire is 1-4 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the radius and number of the object metal wires are determined according to the following formula:

[0014]

[0015] in,

[0016] x i is the mass fraction of the i-th guest metal wire in the composite metal wire material;

[0017] n i is the number of the i-th guest metal wire;

[0018] R i is the radius of the i-th guest metal wire;

[0019] ρ i is the density of the i-th guest metal wire;

[0020] R is the radius of the composite metal wire;

[0021] ρ is the density of the main metal wire.

[0022] Preferably, the diameter of the guest metal wire is smaller than or equal to the radius of the host metal wire.

[0023] Preferably, when there are multiple guest metal wires, each guest metal wire is the same or different, and one guest metal wire is embedded in one U-shaped groove.

[0024] Preferably, the width of the U-shaped groove is substantially equal to the diameter of the object metal wire, and the depth of the U-shaped groove is 1.05 to 1.2 times the diameter of the object metal wire.

[0025] More preferably, the depth of the U-shaped groove is 1.1 to 1.2 times the diameter of the object metal wire.

[0026] Preferably, the notch of the U-shaped groove of the main body wire is closed by drawing or rolling.

[0027] Preferably, the notch of the U-shaped groove of the main body wire is closed so that the object wire is tightly held by the main body wire.

[0028] Preferably, after the closing of the notch of the U-shaped groove, post-treatment is carried out through one or more of the following:

[0029] Stress-relieving heat treatment;

[0030] Cutting;

[0031] Grinding and polishing.

[0032] Advantages of the present invention:

[0033] Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, the object wire is embedded in the U-shaped groove on the surface of the main body wire. During the process of the main body wire being tightly closed, the excess gas can be discharged in time, and the formation of air cavities inside can be avoided.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, the object wire does not need to be deformed under force during the closing of the notch of the U-shaped groove of the main body wire, so that the problem of intermediate faults caused by the obvious differences in ductility and strength of metal wires of different materials can be avoided.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, the cross-sectional size of the object wire is not changed during the closing of the notch of the U-shaped groove of the main body wire, so as to ensure the component ratio and uniformity in the axial direction of the composite wire, and significantly reduce the deviation between the actual value and the designed value of the components. Description of the drawings

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional change of the wire during the preparation process of the composite wire of the present invention, wherein 1 is the main body wire and 2 is the object wire.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional change of the wire in Example 1. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0039] In the present invention, the main body wire and the object wire are relative to the U-shaped groove. The wire providing the U-shaped groove is the main body wire, and the wire embedded in the U-shaped groove is the object wire.

[0040] In the present invention, a suitable material can be selected as the main body wire according to the component content of the composite wire.

[0041] During the preparation process of the composite metal wire of the present invention, the cross-sectional change of the metal wire is as Figure 1 shown, and the specific process includes the following steps:

[0042] (1) Provide a main body metal wire and at least one guest metal wire;

[0043] (2) Longitudinally process a U-shaped groove on the main body metal wire that matches the guest metal wire;

[0044] (3) Embed the guest metal wire into the corresponding U-shaped groove;

[0045] (4) Close the opening of the U-shaped groove of the main body metal wire.

[0046] To reserve a certain processing allowance, the diameter of the main body metal wire is slightly larger than the diameter of the composite metal wire.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the main body metal wire is 1.05 to 1.1 times the diameter of the composite metal wire.

[0048] In the present invention, it is also possible to use a main body metal wire with a larger diameter, draw it to the required diameter range, and then perform the processing of the U-shaped groove.

[0049] In the present invention, the radius and quantity of the guest metal wire can be determined according to the following formula:

[0050]

[0051] where,

[0052] x i is the mass fraction of the i-th type of guest metal wire in the composite metal wire;

[0053] n i is the quantity of the i-th type of guest metal wire;

[0054] R i is the radius of the i-th type of guest metal wire;

[0055] ρ i is the density of the i-th type of guest metal wire;

[0056] R is the radius of the composite metal wire;

[0057] ρ is the density of the main body metal wire.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, when multiple guest metal wires of different materials are to be embedded, if the diameter of a certain guest metal wire to be embedded exceeds the radius of the main body metal wire, then multiple guest metal wires with the same material and smaller diameters are used to replace the guest metal wire, so that the diameter of the guest metal wire of this material is less than the radius of the main body metal wire.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, if the diameter of the object wire to be embedded exceeds the radius of the main wire, multiple object wires with the same material and smaller diameters can be used to replace the object wire, so that the diameter of the object wire of this material is less than the radius of the main wire.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present invention, only one object wire is embedded in one U-shaped groove.

[0061] The number and size of the U-shaped grooves are determined according to the number and radius (R i ) of the object wires to be embedded.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, the width of the U-shaped groove is substantially equal to the diameter of the object wire, and the depth (D i ) of the U-shaped groove is 1.05 to 1.2 times the diameter of the object wire. The radius of the bottom of the U-shaped groove is substantially equal to the radius of the object wire.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, the depth of the U-shaped groove is 1.1 to 1.2 times the diameter of the object wire.

[0064] In an embodiment of the present invention, by drawing or rolling the main wire, the notch of the U-shaped groove of the main wire is gradually closed, and finally the object wire is tightly held by the main wire, obtaining a composite wire material composed of the main wire and the wrapped object wire. In this process, it is preferably that the cross-sectional area of the object wire remains substantially unchanged.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, after the notch of the U-shaped groove of the main wire is closed, the wire is subjected to one or more of the following post-treatments:

[0066] Stress-relieving heat treatment;

[0067] Cutting;

[0068] Grinding and polishing.

[0069] A section of the two ends of the main wire can also be left without being processed into a U-shaped groove, so that the drawing force acts on the main wire. After drawing is completed, this part can be cut off.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] Taking the preparation of a Ti3Al composite wire material with a diameter of 2 mm as an example.

[0072] The chemical element composition of the composite wire material is as follows:

[0073] Elemental composition Relative atomic mass Atomic ratio Density Mass percentage Ti 47.867 3 4.506 84.18％ Al 26.98154 1 2.7 15.82％

[0074] (1) Select the metal single-element Ti wire as the main metal wire and the metal single-element Al wire as the guest metal wire. Calculate the radius of the Al wire according to the following disclosure:

[0075]

[0076] That is:

[0077] When using one Al wire, n i = 1, R i = 0.489 mm;

[0078] When using three Al wires, n i = 3, R i = 0.282 mm.

[0079] According to the above calculation, either one or three Al wires can be used. Finally, three Al wires with a diameter of 0.564 mm are determined to be used as the guest metal wires.

[0080] (2) Preparation of raw materials

[0081] Draw the metal single-element Ti wire raw material to a diameter of 2.2 mm to obtain a qualified Ti wire for standby.

[0082] Draw the metal single-element Al wire raw material to a diameter of 0.564 mm to obtain three qualified Al wires for standby.

[0083] (3) Machining of U-shaped grooves

[0084] On the surface of the Ti wire, 3 U-shaped grooves are respectively engraved along the axial direction (i.e., the longitudinal direction). The width of each U-shaped groove is 0.564 mm, the depth is 0.664 mm, and the bottom radius of the groove is 0.282 mm. The U-shaped grooves are equally spaced at 120° in the cross-section of the Ti wire. The cross-section is as Figure 2 (2) shown.

[0085] (4) Insert the three qualified Al wires into the U-shaped grooves of the above Ti wire respectively, as Figure 2 (3) shown.

[0086] (5) Put the inserted Ti wire into the wire drawing equipment. The U-shaped grooves of the Ti wire are deformed and closed under the action of wire drawing until the Al wire is tightly wrapped by the Ti wire.

[0087] (6) Heat-treat the drawn wire to eliminate stress, and then perform cutting, grinding and polishing treatments to obtain a Ti3Al composite metal wire with a diameter of 2 mm, as Figure 2 (4) shown.

[0088] Example 2

[0089] TiAl-based intermetallic compounds mainly include TiAl, Ti3Al and TiAl3. Among them, TiAl3 has the lowest density (3.36 g / cm3), the highest specific strength, and the best high-temperature oxidation resistance. It is an ideal lightweight high-temperature structural material. However, due to its too low room-temperature plasticity and toughness, it is very difficult to directly produce wire materials from TiAl3 alloys by drawing or rolling.

[0090] The method of the present invention can be used to prepare TiAl3 composite metal wire materials with a diameter of 2 mm. The specific preparation process is the same as that in Example 1. Among them, the main metal wire and the guest metal wire are determined as follows:

[0091] The chemical element composition of the composite metal wire materials is as follows:

[0092] Elemental composition Relative atomic mass Atomic ratio Density Mass percentage Ti 47.867 1 4.506 37.16％ Al 26.98154 3 2.7 62.84％

[0093] Select the metal single-element Al wire as the main metal wire and the metal single-element Ti wire as the guest metal wire. The radius of the Ti wire is calculated as follows:

[0094]

[0095] That is:

[0096] When using one Ti wire, n i = 1, R i = 0.512 mm;

[0097] When using two Ti wires, n i = 2, R i = 0.362 mm;

[0098] When using three Ti wires, n i = 3, R i = 0.295 mm.

[0099] According to the calculation results, two Ti wires with a diameter of 0.724 mm can be used as the guest metal wire, or three Ti wires with a diameter of 0.590 mm can be used as the guest metal wire.

[0100] Provide Al wires with a diameter of 2.2 mm as the main metal wire.

[0101] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a composite metal wire, characterized in that: The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Provide a main metal wire and at least one guest metal wire; (2) Longitudinally process a U-shaped groove on the main metal wire to cooperate with the guest metal wire; (3) Embed the guest metal wire into the corresponding U-shaped groove; (4) Close the opening of the U-shaped groove of the main metal wire so that the guest metal wire is tightly held by the main metal wire. During the closing process, the cross-sectional area of the guest metal wire remains basically unchanged; Determine the radius and quantity of the guest metal wire according to the following formula: wherein, x i is the mass fraction of the i-th object metal wire in the composite metal wire; n i is the quantity of the i-th object wire; R i is the radius of the i-th object wire; ρ i is the density of the i-th object wire; R is the radius of the composite metal wire; ρ is the density of the main metal wire.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the main metal wire is 1.05 to 1.1 times the diameter of the composite metal wire.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the composite metal wire is 1 to 4 mm.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the guest metal wire is less than or equal to the radius of the main metal wire.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein: When there are multiple guest metal wires, each guest metal wire can be the same or different, and one guest metal wire is embedded in one U-shaped groove.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein: The width of the U-shaped groove is basically equal to the diameter of the guest metal wire, and the depth of the U-shaped groove is 1.05 to 1.2 times the diameter of the guest metal wire.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The depth of the U-shaped groove is 1.1 to 1.2 times the diameter of the guest metal wire.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: By means of drawing or rolling, close the opening of the U-shaped groove of the main metal wire.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein: After the closing of the opening of the U-shaped groove, perform one or more of the following post-treatments: Stress relief heat treatment; Cutting; Grinding and polishing.

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