Automatic correction and steering vertical drilling tool

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic correction and direction-control vertical drilling tool, comprising a test nipple, a core shaft, an upper shell, an eccentric device, a valve, a push block correction device, a mother body and a lower joint. The test nipple and the lower joint are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the core shaft. The upper shell and the mother body are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the core shaft from top to bottom and arranged between the test nipple and the lower joint. The eccentric device and the valve are arranged between the upper shell and the core shaft. The push block correction device is arranged on the mother body. A drilling fluid flow channel is provided at the center of the core shaft. The drilling fluid flow channel is connected to the push block correction device via a valve. The valve is respectively connected to the eccentric device and the push block correction device. The tool is not easy to fail in the complex and changeable environment underground, greatly improves the drilling speed and wellbore quality, reduces the construction risk, has a simple structure, is reliable and has strong applicability, and can realize continuous deflection correction operation. The tool is simple to operate, stable and reliable, and has low manufacturing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling, in particular to an automatic correction and direction control vertical drilling tool. Background Art

[0002] With the integration of the global landscape and the rapid development of the global economy, conventional shallow oil and gas resources are gradually being depleted. Oil and gas extraction in various countries is trending from shallow to deep strata, and from land to ocean. Increased drilling depths, increased rock hardness, more uneven rock hardness distribution, and poorer drillability all pose significant obstacles to oil and gas drilling and, in severe cases, can result in significant economic losses. Therefore, high-performance deflection control is a key technical challenge in drilling projects.

[0003] To achieve greater economic benefits, vertical drilling is maintained during drilling operations, with timely wellbore corrections and flexible adjustments to inclination and azimuth. This significantly improves drilling speed and safety, while also achieving highly accurate wellbore trajectory control. Automatically correcting and steering vertical drilling tools are ideally suited for vertical well development, increasing drilling speed, reducing or even eliminating drilling accidents, and effectively lowering drilling costs. However, existing deflection-correction drilling systems are extremely expensive and, due to the presence of electronic equipment, offer limited reliability. Therefore, a technology with relatively high precision, high drilling speed, low cost, high reliability, and strong applicability is a pressing need in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic correction and direction control vertical drilling tool in response to the above-mentioned defects of the prior art. The tool is not prone to failure in the complex and changeable environment underground, greatly improves the drilling speed and wellbore quality, reduces construction risks, has a simple structure, is reliable and highly applicable, and can realize continuous deflection correction operations; it is simple to operate, stable and reliable, and has a low manufacturing cost.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0006] An automatic correction and direction control vertical drilling tool includes a test nipple, a core shaft, an upper shell, an eccentric device, a valve, a push block correction device, a mother body and a lower joint. The test nipple and the lower joint are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the core shaft. The upper shell and the mother body are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the core shaft from top to bottom and arranged between the test nipple and the lower joint. The eccentric device and the valve are arranged between the upper shell and the core shaft. The push block correction device is arranged on the mother body. A drilling fluid flow channel is provided at the center of the core shaft. The drilling fluid flow channel is connected to the push block correction device through the valve. The valve is connected to the eccentric device and the push block correction device respectively.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, the valve includes a movable disc valve and a static disc valve. The movable disc valve is arranged at the upper end of the static disc valve. The movable disc valve is provided with an arc-shaped slot hole, and a fluid channel is opened in the arc-shaped slot hole. The static disc valve is provided with multiple through holes. The through holes on the static disc valve are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the flow channel openings on the mother body. The flow channel openings on the mother body are connected to the push block correction device. The movable disc valve is connected to the eccentric device. A through hole is provided on the side wall of the core shaft so that the drilling fluid flow channel of the core shaft is connected to the arc-shaped slot hole of the movable disc valve. The eccentric device drives the movable disc valve to rotate relative to the static disc valve, so that the arc-shaped slot hole and the through holes on the static disc valve are staggered or docked.

[0008] The movable disc valve rotates with the eccentric device, and the arc-shaped slot hole on the movable disc valve and the hole on the static disc valve change with the well inclination. The hole on the low side is closed, and the hole on the high side is opened. The drilling fluid enters the inner cavity of the push block from the hole on the high side.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the number of through holes on the static disc valve is 4, which are evenly arranged along the circumference. The number of flow channel openings on the parent body is also 4, which are arranged one-to-one with the through holes on the static disc valve.

[0010] The push block correction device includes a plurality of push blocks arranged along the circumferential direction. The number of push blocks is also 4, which are respectively placed at the flow channel openings on the corresponding mother body and are evenly arranged along the circumference of the mother body.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the push block correction device includes multiple push blocks and push block reset spring devices arranged along the circumference of the mother body. The multiple push blocks are arranged one by one corresponding to the flow channel openings of the mother body and are respectively set at the flow channel openings on the corresponding mother body. The push blocks are connected to the mother body through the push block reset spring device.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the push block is arranged in the push block inner cavity opened on the outer wall of the mother body, the flow channel opening of the mother body is connected to the push block inner cavity, and the push block inner cavity is connected to a one-way nozzle.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, a push block limit block is further provided on the outer wall of the mother body, and the push block limit block is arranged on one side of the push block; the push block limit block limits the radial stroke of the push block.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the push block return spring device includes a spring hole screw, a return spring, a push block spring fixing tube and a push block spring fixing screw. The push block spring fixing tube is arranged in the mother body, and the return spring is sleeved on the push block spring fixing tube; one end of the return spring is connected to the mother body through the push block spring fixing screw, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the push block through the spring hole screw.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the TC bearing static sleeve and the TC bearing dynamic sleeve, the TC bearing static sleeve is arranged on the core shaft through a threaded sleeve, and the TC bearing dynamic sleeve is arranged between the TC bearing static sleeve and the upper shell; a TC bearing washer is provided between the TC bearing static sleeve and the test short section.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, the upper end of the eccentric device is connected to the auxiliary bearing and the string bearing; a string bearing stopper sleeve is provided between the auxiliary bearing and the string bearing, and a string bearing stopper ring is provided between the string bearing and the eccentric device.

[0017] According to the above technical solution, a string bearing retaining ring is provided between the string bearing and the eccentric device, and a string bearing retaining sleeve is arranged between the string bearing and the upper housing;

[0018] A spacer sleeve is provided between the series bearing stop sleeve and the TC bearing movable sleeve.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention uses the gravity signal of the well inclination of the eccentric device to drive the valve to open, so that the push block correction device is pushed against the well wall, corrects the tilt state of the tool, and thus corrects the well inclination state. After the correction is completed, the push block correction device returns to its position. The present invention is a purely mechanical structure to control vertical drilling, which is not easy to fail in the complex and changeable environment underground, greatly improves the drilling speed and wellbore quality, reduces construction risks, has a simple structure, is reliable and has strong applicability, and can realize continuous correction operations; it is simple to operate and does not require special training for operators; there is no electronic equipment, it is stable and reliable, and has a low manufacturing cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic correction and direction control vertical drilling tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA section view;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view;

[0024] Figure 4 is a perspective view of an eccentric device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional diagram of a movable disc valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the motion relationship between the moving disc valve and the stationary disc valve in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 2. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the push block return spring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure, 1-test nipple, 2-core shaft, 3-TC bearing washer, 4-TC bearing static sleeve, 5-TC bearing dynamic sleeve, 6-spacer, 7-series bearing retainer sleeve, 8-series bearing, 9-auxiliary bearing, 10-series bearing retainer ring, 11-eccentric device, 12-plane bearing, 13-upper housing, 14-moving disc valve, 15-static disc valve, 16-push block return spring device, 17-push block, 18-parent body, 19-one-way nozzle, 20-push block limit block, 21-lower joint, 22-arc slot, 23-through hole;

[0029] 161-spring hole screw, 162-reset spring, 163-push block spring fixing cylinder, 164-push block spring fixing screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an automatic correction and direction control vertical drilling tool in an embodiment of the present invention includes a test pup joint 1, a core shaft 2, an upper shell 13, an eccentric device 11, a valve, a push block correction device, a mother body 18 and a lower joint 21. The test pup joint 1 and the lower joint 21 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the core shaft 2, the upper shell 13 and the mother body 18 are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the core shaft 2 from top to bottom, and are arranged between the test pup joint 1 and the lower joint 21, the eccentric device 11 and the valve are arranged between the upper shell 13 and the core shaft 2, the push block correction device is arranged on the mother body, the core shaft is a hollow structure, and a drilling fluid flow channel is provided in the center of the core shaft. The drilling fluid flow channel is connected to the push block correction device through the valve, and the valve is connected to the eccentric device 11 and the push block correction device respectively.

[0032] Furthermore, the valve includes a movable disc valve 14 and a static disc valve 15. The movable disc valve 14 is arranged at the upper end of the static disc valve 15 and is fitted and docked with the end face of the static disc valve 15. An arc-shaped slot is provided on the lower end face of the movable disc valve 14. The arc-shaped slot serves as a fluid channel. A fluid channel is opened in the arc-shaped slot. The static disc valve 15 is provided with a plurality of through holes. The through holes on the static disc valve 15 are arranged one-to-one with the flow channel openings on the mother body 18. The flow channel openings on the mother body are connected with the push block correction device. The movable disc valve 14 is connected with the eccentric device 11. A through hole is provided on the side wall of the core shaft 2, so that the drilling fluid flow channel of the core shaft 2 is connected with the arc-shaped slot of the movable disc valve 14. The eccentric device 11 drives the movable disc valve 14 to rotate relative to the static disc valve 15, so that the arc-shaped slot is staggered or docked with the through holes on the static disc valve 15.

[0033] Furthermore, the movable disc valve 14 rotates with the eccentric device 11, and the arc-shaped slotted holes on the movable disc valve 14 and the through holes on the static disc valve 15 change with the well inclination. The holes on the low side are closed and the holes on the high side are opened. The drilling fluid enters the inner cavity of the push block 17 from the holes on the high side. The holes above the horizontal line are the high-side holes, and the rest are the low-side holes. The holes on the static disc valve are opened or closed by the misalignment between the arc-shaped slotted holes and the static disc valve.

[0034] Furthermore, the number of the flow channel openings on the mother body and the through holes on the static disc valve 15 are the same and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0035] Furthermore, the number of through holes on the static disc valve 15 is 4, which are evenly arranged along the circumference. The number of flow channel openings on the mother body 18 is also 4, which are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the through holes on the static disc valve 15.

[0036] The push block correction device includes a plurality of push blocks arranged along the circumferential direction. The number of push blocks 17 is also 4, which are respectively placed at the flow channel openings on the corresponding mother body 18 and are evenly arranged along the circumference of the mother body 18.

[0037] Furthermore, the push block correction device includes a plurality of push blocks and a push block reset spring device arranged along the circumference of the mother body. The plurality of push blocks are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the flow channel openings of the mother body and are respectively arranged at the flow channel openings on the corresponding mother body 18. The push blocks are connected to the mother body through the push block reset spring device.

[0038] Furthermore, the push block is arranged in the push block inner cavity opened on the outer wall of the mother body, the flow channel opening of the mother body is connected to the push block inner cavity, and the push block inner cavity is connected to a one-way nozzle 19; the one-way nozzle 19 can only discharge the liquid in the push block inner cavity to the outside in one direction.

[0039] Furthermore, an annular push block limit block is provided on the outer wall of the mother body 18 , and the push block limit block is arranged on one side of the push block; the push block limit block 20 limits the radial stroke of the push block 17 .

[0040] Furthermore, the push block return spring device includes a spring hole screw 161, a return spring 162, a push block spring fixing tube 163 and a push block spring fixing screw 164. The push block spring fixing tube 163 is arranged in the mother body 18, and the return spring 162 is sleeved on the push block spring fixing tube 163; one end of the return spring 162 is connected to the mother body 18 through the push block spring fixing screw 164, and the other end of the return spring 162 is connected to the push block through the spring hole screw 161.

[0041] Furthermore, the TC bearing static sleeve 4 and the TC bearing dynamic sleeve 5, the TC bearing static sleeve 4 is sleeved on the core shaft 2 through a thread, and the TC bearing dynamic sleeve 5 is sleeved between the TC bearing static sleeve 4 and the upper shell 13; a TC bearing washer 3 is provided between the TC bearing static sleeve 4 and the test short section 1.

[0042] Furthermore, the upper end of the eccentric device 11 is connected to the auxiliary bearing 9 and the string bearing 8; a string bearing stopper sleeve 7 is provided between the auxiliary bearing 9 and the string bearing 8, and a string bearing stopper ring 10 is provided between the string bearing 8 and the eccentric device 11.

[0043] Furthermore, a string bearing retaining ring 10 is provided between the string bearing 8 and the eccentric device 11, and a string bearing retaining sleeve 7 is arranged between the string bearing 8 and the upper housing;

[0044] A spacer sleeve 6 is provided between the string bearing stop sleeve 7 and the TC bearing movable sleeve 5 .

[0045] Working principle of the present invention: Figure 1 This schematic diagram illustrates an automatic vertical drilling tool for correcting and steering deviations according to one embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that this automatic vertical drilling tool can be used in a variety of drilling situations requiring deviation correction. While the accompanying drawings illustrate its application in oil drilling, this application is not limited to this context. The following uses oil drilling as an example.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the automatic correction and direction control vertical drilling tool of this embodiment is characterized in that: the two ends of the automatic correction and direction control vertical drilling tool are detachably threadedly connected to the upper drilling tool and the drill bit respectively; the automatic correction and direction control vertical drilling tool includes: a sensing part, a control part, an execution part, etc. The sensing part includes: a test short section 1, which is also connected to the core shaft 2 through a thread as a tool upper joint; the test short section 1 has the function of testing azimuth, tool face angle, well inclination, etc., and can transmit the relevant tested data to the ground; the control part includes: a TC bearing washer 3, a TC bearing static sleeve 4, a TC bearing dynamic sleeve 5, a spacer sleeve 6, a string bearing 8, a string bearing retaining sleeve 7, a string bearing retaining ring 10, an auxiliary bearing 9, an eccentric device 11, a plane bearing 12, an upper shell 13, a dynamic disc valve 14, and a static disc valve 15; the TC bearing static sleeve 4 is connected to the core shaft 2 through a thread. , the TC bearing movable sleeve 5 cooperates with it; the upper part of the eccentric device 11 is placed on the string bearing 8 and the auxiliary bearing 9, and the lower part is placed on the plane bearing 12; the movable disc valve 14 and the static disc valve 15 cooperate to control the inflow of drilling fluid and the opening and closing of the inflow channel; the execution part includes: the mother body 18, the push block limit block 20, the lower joint 21, the push block return spring device 16, the push block 17, and the one-way nozzle 19; the movable disc valve 14 and the static disc valve 15 driven by the eccentric device 11 control the channel and the drilling fluid flow; the drilling fluid enters the inner cavity of the push block 17 and pushes the push block 17 out under the pressure difference between the inside and the outside. After the deflection correction is completed, the flow of drilling fluid into the cavity is reduced, and the cavity is connected to the wellbore annulus through the one-way nozzle 19 to relieve pressure. Under the action of the well wall, the push block 17 is reset, ending the guided drilling process and resuming normal drilling.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the eccentric device 11 is connected to the upper series bearing 8 and the auxiliary bearing 9, and the lower part is connected to the plane bearing 12, with a semi-cylinder in the middle. When the azimuth angle, tool face angle or well inclination angle changes, the semi-cylinder of the eccentric device 11 will rotate to the lower side, driving the movable disc valve 14 to rotate together, thereby controlling the drilling fluid flow to push out the push block 17, which pushes against the well wall to generate a pushing force to correct the inclination.

[0048] The movable disc valve 14 is provided with an arc-shaped slotted hole, and the static disc valve 15 is provided with four through holes corresponding to the holes of the mother body 18. Four push blocks 17 are respectively placed at the holes on the mother body 18, each distributed at 90 degrees. As the movable disc valve 14 rotates with the eccentric device 11, the arc-shaped slotted hole on the movable disc valve 14 and the hole on the static disc valve 15 change with the well inclination, the hole on the low side is closed, and the hole on the high side is opened, and the drilling fluid enters the inner cavity of the push block 17 from the hole on the high side.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, after the drilling fluid flows into the push block 17, it is pushed outward under the action of the internal and external pressure difference; the push block limit block 20 limits the radial stroke of the push block 17; the push block 17 of the execution part applies a pushing force to the well wall after it is extended; the push block reset spring device 16, the push block spring fixing screw 164 fixes the reset spring 162 to the mother body 18, and the reset spring 162 is placed in the push block spring fixing tube 163 so that it acts in the radial direction, and the spring hole screw 161 is tightened on the push block 17 to fix the push block spring fixing tube 163 on the push block 17; after the deflection correction is completed, the inflow of drilling fluid is reduced, the internal and external pressure difference is reduced, and the push block 17 is reset under the action of the reset spring 162.

[0050] After the inner cavity pressure of the push block 17 is reduced, it resets and the drilling fluid therein flows out from the one-way nozzle 19 , which is connected to the mother body 18 through a thread.

[0051] In summary, the present invention is a purely mechanical structure controlled vertical drilling, which is not prone to failure in the complex and changeable environment of the wellbore. The eccentric device senses the gravity signal of the wellbore inclination, thereby driving the movable disc valve to rotate to open its high-side flow channel and close the low-side flow channel, thereby distributing drilling fluid to the cavity between the high-side push block and the mother body. Under the action of high-pressure drilling fluid, the push block in the high-side direction extends and pushes against the wellbore wall to correct the inclination of the tool, thereby correcting the wellbore inclination. After the inclination correction is completed, the pushed-out push block is retracted by the tension of the spring. At this time, the push block located on the high side of other wellbores will be pushed out again under the inclination correction force of the internal and external pressure difference. The present invention is a purely mechanical structure controlled vertical drilling, which greatly improves the drilling speed and wellbore quality, reduces construction risks, has a simple structure, is reliable and has strong applicability, and can realize continuous inclination correction operations; is simple to operate, and does not require special training for operators; does not contain electronic equipment, is stable and reliable, and has low manufacturing costs.

[0052] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic correction and steering vertical drilling tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a test nipple (1), a core shaft (2), an upper shell (13), an eccentric device (11), a valve, a push block correction device, a mother body (18) and a lower joint (21), wherein the test nipple (1) and the lower joint (21) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the core shaft (2), the upper shell (13) and the mother body (18) are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the core shaft (2) from top to bottom, the eccentric device (11) and the valve are arranged between the upper shell (13) and the core shaft (2), the valve is respectively connected to the eccentric device (11) and the push block correction device, the push block correction device is arranged on the mother body, a drilling fluid flow channel is provided at the center of the core shaft, and the drilling fluid flow channel is connected to the push block correction device through the valve; The valve comprises a movable disc valve (14) and a static disc valve (15), wherein the movable disc valve (14) is arranged at the upper end of the static disc valve (15), an arcuate slot is provided on the movable disc valve (14), and a plurality of through holes are opened on the static disc valve (15), the through holes on the static disc valve (15) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the flow channel openings on the mother body (18), the flow channel openings on the mother body are communicated with the push block correction device, the movable disc valve (14) is connected to the eccentric device (11), a through hole is provided on the side wall of the core shaft (2), so that the drilling fluid flow channel of the core shaft (2) is communicated with the arcuate slot of the movable disc valve (14), and the eccentric device (11) drives the movable disc valve (14) to rotate relative to the static disc valve (15), so that the arcuate slot and the through holes on the static disc valve (15) are staggered or docked; The push block correction device includes a plurality of push blocks and a push block reset spring device arranged along the circumference of the mother body. The plurality of push blocks are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the flow channel openings of the mother body and are respectively set at the flow channel openings on the corresponding mother body (18). The push blocks are connected to the mother body through the push block reset spring device.

2. The automatic correction and steering vertical drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of through holes on the static disc valve (15) is 4, which are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction. The number of flow channel openings of the mother body (18) is also 4, which are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the through holes on the static disc valve (15); The push block correction device includes a plurality of push blocks arranged along the circumferential direction. The number of push blocks (17) is also 4, which are respectively placed at the flow channel openings of the corresponding mother body (18) and are evenly arranged along the circumference of the mother body (18).

3. The automatic correction and steering vertical drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push block is arranged in a push block inner cavity opened on the outer wall of the matrix, the flow channel opening of the matrix is ​​connected to the push block inner cavity, and the push block inner cavity is connected to a one-way nozzle (19).

4. The automatic correction and steering vertical drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A push block limit block is also provided on the outer wall of the mother body (18), and the push block limit block is arranged on one side of the push block; the push block limit block (20) limits the radial stroke of the push block (17).

5. The automatic correction and steering vertical drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push block return spring device comprises a spring hole screw (161), a return spring (162), a push block spring fixing cylinder (163) and a push block spring fixing screw (164); the push block spring fixing cylinder (163) is arranged in the mother body (18), and the return spring (162) is sleeved on the push block spring fixing cylinder (163); one end of the return spring (162) is connected to the mother body (18) through the push block spring fixing screw (164), and the other end of the return spring (162) is connected to the push block through the spring hole screw (161).

6. The automatic correction and steering vertical drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic correction and direction-controlled vertical drilling tool further comprises a TC bearing static sleeve (4) and a TC bearing dynamic sleeve (5); the TC bearing static sleeve (4) is sleeved on the core shaft (2) through a thread, and the TC bearing dynamic sleeve (5) is sleeved between the TC bearing static sleeve (4) and the upper shell (13); and a TC bearing washer (3) is provided between the TC bearing static sleeve (4) and the test short section (1).

7. The automatic correction and steering vertical drilling tool according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the eccentric device (11) is connected to an auxiliary bearing (9) and a string bearing (8); a string bearing retaining sleeve (7) is provided between the auxiliary bearing (9) and the string bearing (8), and a string bearing retaining ring (10) is provided between the string bearing (8) and the eccentric device (11).

8. The automatic correction and steering vertical drilling tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: A string bearing retaining ring (10) is provided between the string bearing (8) and the eccentric device (11), and a string bearing retaining sleeve (7) is arranged between the string bearing (8) and the upper housing; A spacer sleeve (6) is provided between the string bearing stop sleeve (7) and the TC bearing movable sleeve (5).

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