High-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-efficiency, low-temperature vibrating vaporizer, comprising a base plate, a back plate disposed above the base plate, a heat exchange vaporization unit composed of heat exchange tubes fixed to the back plate, and cryogenically resistant hoses for connection to a hydrogen supply system installed at the medium inlet and medium outlet of the heat exchange vaporization unit. The back plate is mounted on the base plate via a plurality of elastic components, and the elastic components enable the back plate and the heat exchange vaporization unit to rock relative to the base plate when subjected to natural or forced excitation. This invention has the advantage of high heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cryogenic vaporization, and in particular to a vibrating liquid hydrogen vaporizer applied to the new energy vehicle industry. Background Art

[0002] Liquid hydrogen offers significant advantages, such as significantly increased hydrogen storage density, extending the range of hydrogen-powered vehicles, and significantly reducing installation restrictions. It is considered the most promising hydrogen storage method. The vaporizer, a key component of hydrogen-powered vehicles, primarily utilizes natural or forced convection for heat exchange, vaporizing liquid hydrogen into gaseous hydrogen for use in hydrogen-powered vehicles. The current vaporizer structure consists of a baseplate bolted to a backplate, to which is a heat exchange vaporization unit consisting of heat exchange tubes. The medium inlet and outlet of the heat exchange vaporization unit are connected to the hydrogen supply system via joints and metal rigid pipes. During hydrogen energy use, the vaporizer is frequently subjected to natural excitation (such as wind) or forced excitation (such as vibration from a moving vehicle). Current vaporizers suffer from several drawbacks: severe ice and frost on the exterior of the heat exchange tubes, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer with high heat exchange efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer, comprising a base plate, a back plate arranged above the base plate, a heat exchange vaporization unit composed of heat exchange tubes fixed on the back plate, and a medium inlet and a medium outlet of the heat exchange vaporization unit respectively installed with low-temperature resistant hoses for connecting to a hydrogen supply system; the back plate is mounted on the base plate through a plurality of elastic components, and the back plate and the heat exchange vaporization unit can rock relative to the base plate through the elastic components when subjected to natural excitation or forced excitation.

[0005] Furthermore, in the aforementioned high-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer, the bottom plate is a whole flat plate structure.

[0006] Furthermore, in the aforementioned high-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer, the bottom plate is composed of four independent flat plates, which respectively correspond to the four corners of the bottom surface of the back plate, and an elastic component is connected between each flat plate and the back plate.

[0007] Furthermore, in the aforementioned high-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer, the elastic component is a single-layer or multi-layer elastic structure composed of springs.

[0008] Furthermore, in the aforementioned high-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer, the medium inlet of the heat exchange vaporization unit is located at the top end of the heat exchange vaporization unit away from the bottom plate.

[0009] Through the implementation of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) the concept of mechanical vibration-enhanced heat exchange is applied to the vaporizer, so that the heat exchange vaporization unit of the vaporizer maintains a certain degree of freedom during operation. When the heat exchange vaporization unit of the vaporizer vibrates, it is beneficial to the convective heat exchange between the outer wall of the vaporizer tube and the ambient temperature, and at the same time, it is beneficial to the convective heat exchange between the inner wall of the vaporizer and the low-temperature medium, and improves the degree of coordination between the temperature field and the velocity field at the heat exchange wall surface, thereby enhancing the heat exchange efficiency; (2) the probability of ice and frost outside the tube is greatly reduced, the heat transfer resistance outside the tube is reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the high-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer described in the first specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure after the low-temperature resistant hose is hidden in the middle.

[0012] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the high-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer described in the second specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure viewed from above.

[0014] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure after the low-temperature resistant hose is hidden in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Specific embodiment 1

[0017] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, the high-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer includes a base plate 1, which is a whole flat plate structure. A back plate 2 is arranged above the base plate 1, and a heat exchange vaporization unit 3 composed of heat exchange tubes is fixed on the back plate 2. The medium inlet 31 and the medium outlet 32 ​​of the heat exchange vaporization unit 3 are respectively installed with low-temperature resistant hoses 4 for connecting to the hydrogen supply system. The low-temperature resistant hoses 4 are used to eliminate the vibration impact of the vaporizer vibration on the system; the back plate 2 is installed on the base plate 1 through a plurality of elastic components 5. When the back plate 2 and the heat exchange vaporization unit 3 are subjected to natural excitation or forced excitation, they can swing relative to the base plate 1 through the elastic components 5; in this embodiment, the elastic component 5 is a single-layer or multi-layer elastic structure composed of springs; in this embodiment, the medium inlet 31 of the heat exchange vaporization unit 3 is located at the top of the heat exchange vaporization unit away from the base plate 1. The advantage of this medium inlet design is that under the same excitation, the farther the distance from the base plate, the greater the amplitude, the greater the Nusselt number, and the better the heat exchange efficiency. Specific embodiment 2

[0019] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the high-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer includes a base plate, a back plate 2 is provided above the base plate 1, a heat exchange vaporization unit 3 composed of heat exchange tubes is fixed on the back plate 2, and the medium inlet 31 and the medium outlet 32 ​​of the heat exchange vaporization unit 3 are respectively installed with a low-temperature resistant hose 4 for connecting to the hydrogen supply system, and the low-temperature resistant hose 4 is used to eliminate the vibration effect of the vaporizer vibration on the system; the back plate 2 is installed on the base plate 1 through a plurality of elastic components 5, and the back plate 2 and the heat exchange vaporization unit 3 can rock relative to the base plate 1 through the elastic components 5 when subjected to natural excitation or forced excitation; in this embodiment, the base plate is composed of four independent flat plates 11, and the four flat plates 11 respectively correspond to the four corners of the bottom surface of the back plate 2 upward, and each flat plate 11 and the back plate 2 An elastic component 5 is connected between the four flat plates 11 and the four elastic components 5. The advantage of this design is that the four flat plates 11 and the four elastic components 5 form a structure similar to an independent suspension, which can accurately and quickly feedback the vibration frequency of the moving vehicle to the vaporizer, thereby increasing the resonant frequency between the vaporizer and the moving vehicle and the vaporizer vibration amplitude under the same excitation. The larger the vibration amplitude, the better the heat exchange efficiency. In this embodiment, the elastic component 5 is a single-layer or multi-layer elastic structure composed of springs. In this embodiment, the medium inlet 31 of the heat exchange vaporization unit 3 is located at the top of the heat exchange vaporization unit away from the bottom plate. The advantage of this medium inlet design is that under the same excitation, the farther away from the bottom plate, the greater the amplitude, the larger the Nusselt number, and the better the heat exchange efficiency.

[0020] During installation, simply connect the medium inlet and outlet of the vaporizer's heat exchange vaporization unit to the hydrogen supply system via cryogenic hoses 4. During use in a hydrogen-powered vehicle, when the vaporizer is subjected to natural or forced excitation, the backplate 2 and heat exchange vaporization unit 3 will rock within a certain range relative to the baseplate, up and down, left and right, and forward and backward, via the elastic component 5. The cryogenic hoses 4 also eliminate vibrations caused by the vaporizer's vibrations.

[0021] The present invention utilizes the concept of "mechanical vibration-enhanced heat exchange" and leverages the influence of high-speed turbulence on the carburetor and the continuous excitation of the carburetor by the moving vehicle to mechanically vibrate the carburetor to enhance heat exchange, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. The specific theoretical basis for vibration-enhanced heat exchange is as follows:

[0022] (1) When the fluid flows through the heat exchange tube, there is a velocity component perpendicular to the tube wall, and vortices are generated. When the tube wall vibrates, the vibration increases the flow velocity of the fluid near the wall, and the vortices also increase accordingly. The increase in flow velocity reduces the thickness of the laminar boundary layer, which not only reduces the convective heat transfer resistance, but also advances the turning point of the transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow, thereby enhancing heat transfer. This shows that vibration is beneficial to the convective heat transfer between the outer wall of the vaporizer tube and the ambient temperature.

[0023] (2) Vibration increases the turbulence of the fluid in the near-wall area of ​​the tube bundle. Due to the increase in turbulence, it not only hinders the formation of the thermal boundary layer and the flow boundary layer, increases the temperature gradient, and reduces the heat transfer resistance, but also increases the mass, momentum, and energy exchange rate between the near-wall area and the far-wall area, thereby enhancing heat transfer. This shows that vibration is beneficial to the heat transfer between the outer and inner walls of the vaporizer tube.

[0024] (3) Vibration improves the coordination between the temperature field and the velocity field at the heat exchange wall, and the corresponding Nu increases, thereby enhancing heat transfer;

[0025] (4) In natural convection or pool boiling systems, vibration can improve the surface heat transfer system by 50-1200%; for forced convection conditions, it can improve the heat transfer system by 30-60%. The degree of vibration-enhanced heat transfer is proportional to the frequency.

[0026] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0027] (1) The concept of mechanical vibration-enhanced heat transfer is applied to the vaporizer, so that the heat transfer vaporization unit of the vaporizer maintains a certain degree of freedom during operation. When the heat transfer vaporization unit of the vaporizer vibrates, it is beneficial to the convection heat transfer between the outer wall of the vaporizer tube and the ambient temperature, and at the same time, it is beneficial to the convection heat transfer between the inner wall of the vaporizer and the low-temperature medium. It also improves the coordination between the temperature field and the velocity field at the heat transfer wall, thereby enhancing the heat transfer efficiency.

[0028] (2) It is easy to install and the installation position is highly adjustable. It can be arranged inside the heat exchanger and has strong applicability. It can be used for various low-temperature heat exchangers (single-phase or multi-phase flow heat exchangers).

[0029] (3) No additional energy equipment is required under either natural excitation (natural wind) or forced excitation (such as vibration from a moving car);

[0030] (4) With self-regulating function: For stationary fuel commercial vehicles (such as driving conditions), the amount of hydrogen used is small. The excitation of the vaporizer of the elastic device comes only from natural wind. The excitation is small, the enhanced heat exchange effect is limited, and the vaporization amount is small, which corresponds to the relatively large amount of hydrogen required by the vehicle under this condition.

[0031] When fuel commercial vehicles are running at high speeds, they consume a large amount of hydrogen. The excitation of the carburetor of the elastic device comes from the vibration of the vehicle itself and the vibration caused by high-speed air disturbance. The strengthening effect is obvious, and the vaporization amount is large, which corresponds to the hydrogen demand of the vehicle in this working condition.

[0032] (5) The probability of ice and frost outside the tube is greatly reduced, the heat transfer resistance outside the tube is reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved;

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any other form. Any modification or equivalent change made according to the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. High-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer, characterized by: It includes a base plate, a back plate is arranged above the base plate, a heat exchange vaporization unit composed of heat exchange tubes is fixed on the back plate, and the medium inlet and medium outlet of the heat exchange vaporization unit are respectively installed with low-temperature resistant hoses for connecting to the hydrogen supply system; the back plate is installed on the base plate through a number of elastic components, and the back plate and the heat exchange vaporization unit can rock relative to the base plate through the elastic components when subjected to natural excitation or forced excitation; the base plate is composed of four independent flat plates, and the four flat plates are respectively facing upward to the four corners of the bottom surface of the back plate, and an elastic component is connected between each flat plate and the back plate.

2. The high-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component is a single-layer or multi-layer elastic structure composed of springs.

3. The high-efficiency low-temperature vibration vaporizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The medium inlet of the heat exchange vaporization unit is located at the top end of the heat exchange vaporization unit away from the bottom plate.

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