Loading device for mechanical and thermal coupling test of rotary cabin structure

Abstract

The present invention provides a loading device for a mechanical-thermal coupling test of a rotary cabin structure, comprising: an external pressure loading device, a thermal loading device, and a cross-sectional shear loading device; the external pressure loading device comprises: a pressurization bladder, a gas pressurization system, and a liquid filling system; the pressurization bladder is filled with liquid by the liquid filling system and pressurized by the gas pressurization system, and then deforms toward a test piece and compresses the test piece; the test piece is connected to the thermal loading device and heated by the thermal loading device; the cross-sectional shear loading device comprises a plurality of shear loading lever groups, which are installed in the test piece and apply shear force to the test piece; the external pressure loading device, the thermal loading device, and the cross-sectional shear loading device are connected to a test system terminal. The present invention provides a test device that can meet the test requirements of various pressure, temperature, and shear coupling loading tests through the design scheme of the external pressure loading device, the thermal loading device, and the cross-sectional shear loading device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of aerospace vehicle revolving cabin structure tests, and in particular to a revolving cabin structure mechanical-thermal coupling test loading device. Background Art

[0002] As spacecraft performance continues to improve, the load-bearing requirements for revolving cabin structures are becoming increasingly stringent. The need for testing coupled pressure, temperature, and shear loading during ground-based simulations of load conditions is also increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the test loading method and test equipment configuration based on the currently developed cabin structure and the load conditions during service.

[0003] Patent document CN104697862A provides a force-heat coupling loading method for thermal strength testing, which can achieve high temperature and large temperature rise rate, and can simulate unequally distributed loads. The technical solution includes: quartz lamp tubes are arranged in front of the test piece loading area, and a gap is set between the test piece loading area, and a gap area is left in the quartz lamp tube arrangement area; the front end of the push rod is hinged to the loading block, and the loading block passes through the gap area of ​​the quartz lamp tube arrangement area and is pushed on the surface of the test piece loading area; the quartz lamp tube heats the test piece loading area by thermal radiation; and the loading block applies force load to the test piece loading area.

[0004] Patent document CN111751487A relates to a multifunctional fire-resistant and thermal-mechanical coupling loading test system, belonging to the field of furnace technology. The system comprises a test furnace, a fire-resistant test system, a thermal-mechanical coupling loading system, a sling, and a data processing system. The fire-resistant test system includes a fire-resistant test component and a fire-resistant test furnace cover. The fire-resistant test furnace cover is provided with a sling ring. The fire-resistant test furnace cover is located at the top of the test furnace. The fire-resistant test component matches the fire-resistant test furnace cover. The fire-resistant test component is hoisted into a hole in the center of the fire-resistant test furnace cover by a sling, with the bottom surface of the fire-resistant test component and the bottom surface of the fire-resistant test furnace cover at the same height.

[0005] The functions of the test devices for simulating loads in the existing technology are relatively simple and cannot adapt to the test requirements of various pressure, temperature, and shear coupling loading. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanical and thermal coupling test loading device for a rotary cabin structure.

[0007] According to the present invention, a mechanical-thermal coupling test loading device for a rotary cabin structure is provided, comprising: an external pressure loading device, a thermal loading device, and a cross-sectional shear loading device;

[0008] The external pressure loading device includes: a pressurizing bag, a gas pressurizing system and a liquid filling system;

[0009] The pressurizing bag is filled with liquid by the liquid filling system and pressurized by the gas pressurizing system, and then deforms toward the test piece and compresses the test piece;

[0010] The test piece is connected to a thermal loading device and is heated by the thermal loading device;

[0011] The cross-sectional shear loading device includes a plurality of shear loading lever groups, which are installed in the test piece and apply shear force to the test piece;

[0012] The external pressure loading device, the thermal loading device and the cross-section shear loading device are connected to the test system terminal.

[0013] Preferably, the external pressure loading device further comprises: a rear end pressure-bearing tooling, a front end pressure-bearing tooling, a front end pressure-boosting bag, a rear end pressure-boosting bag, a test base and a filling pipeline;

[0014] The rear end pressure-bearing tooling and the front end pressure-bearing tooling are installed on the side of the test piece, and the rear end pressure-bearing tooling and the front end pressure-bearing tooling are fixedly connected via a connecting ring;

[0015] A first groove is provided on the front pressure-bearing fixture, the opening direction of the first groove is toward the test piece, and a second groove is provided on the rear pressure-bearing fixture, the opening direction of the second groove is toward the test piece;

[0016] A front-end pressurizing bag is installed in the first groove, and when the front-end pressurizing bag expands, it is limited by the first groove and deforms and pressurizes the test piece;

[0017] A rear-end pressurizing bag is installed in the second groove, and when the rear-end pressurizing bag expands, it is limited by the second groove and deforms and pressurizes the test piece;

[0018] A test base is installed on the side of the rear end pressure-bearing tooling facing away from the front end pressure-bearing tooling, and the test piece is installed on the test base;

[0019] The front-end booster bag is connected to the rear-end booster bag through a filling pipeline.

[0020] Preferably, the gas pressurization system comprises: a gas source, a pressure reducing valve, a pressure boosting valve, a pressure relief valve and a pressure relief port;

[0021] One end of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the gas source, and the other end is connected to one end of the pressure boosting valve;

[0022] The other end of the pressure boosting valve is connected to the rear end pressure boosting bag and one end of the pressure relief valve, and the other end of the pressure relief valve is connected to the pressure relief port.

[0023] The liquid filling system includes: a filling valve and a water source;

[0024] One end of the filling valve is connected to the water source, and the other end is connected to the rear-end booster bag;

[0025] The front-end pressurizing bag and the rear-end pressurizing bag expand and pressurize the test piece along the opening directions of the front-end pressure-bearing tooling and the rear-end pressure-bearing tooling respectively by means of gas pressurization after liquid filling.

[0026] Preferably, a pressure gauge and a pressure sensor are installed on the front-end pressure-bearing tooling;

[0027] The pressure gauge and the pressure sensor are connected to the front-end pressurization bag;

[0028] The pressure sensor is connected to the test system terminal via a pressure test line.

[0029] Preferably, the heat loading device comprises: a front-end electric heating blanket, a rear-end electric heating blanket, a temperature sensor and a test line;

[0030] A front electric heating blanket is installed between the front pressurization bag and the test piece, and a rear electric heating blanket is installed between the rear pressurization bag and the test piece;

[0031] The front-end electric heating blanket and the rear-end electric heating blanket are installed with temperature sensors and test lines, and the temperature sensors and test lines are connected to the test system terminal.

[0032] Preferably, an insulating, waterproof, and heat-insulating material layer is provided on the side of the front electric heating blanket and the rear electric heating blanket facing away from the test piece;

[0033] The front-end electric heating blanket and the rear-end electric heating blanket adopt a resistive heating method.

[0034] Preferably, the shear force loading lever group includes: a front shear force loading lever group and a rear shear force loading lever group;

[0035] The front-end shear force loading lever assembly includes: a front-end force sensor and a test line, a front-end loading actuator, a front-end loading rod and a connecting hinge, a front-end lever fulcrum, a front-end loading lever, and a front-end cross-section connecting disc;

[0036] A front-end force sensor and a test line are installed between the front-end loading actuator and the front-end loading rod and one end of the connecting hinge, and the front-end force sensor and the test line are connected to the test system terminal;

[0037] The front loading rod and the other end of the connecting hinge are connected to one end of the front loading lever, the other end of the front loading lever is connected to the front cross-section connecting disk, and the middle part of the front loading lever is rotatably connected to the front lever fulcrum;

[0038] The rear end shear force loading lever group includes: a rear end cross-section connecting disc, a rear end loading lever, a rear end lever fulcrum, a rear end loading pull rod and a connecting hinge, a rear end force sensor and a test line, and a rear end loading actuator;

[0039] A rear-end force sensor and a test line are installed between the rear-end loading actuator and the rear-end loading rod and one end of the connecting hinge, and the rear-end force sensor and the test line are connected to the test system terminal;

[0040] The rear end loading rod and the other end of the connecting hinge are connected to one end of the rear end loading lever, the other end of the rear end loading lever is connected to the rear end cross-section connecting disc, and the middle part of the rear end loading lever is rotated to connect the rear end lever fulcrum.

[0041] Preferably, the front cross-section connecting disc and the rear cross-section connecting disc are installed inside the test piece and fixedly connected to the test piece connection surface without gaps;

[0042] The front-end loading actuator cylinder and the rear-end loading actuator cylinder are fixedly mounted on the load-bearing wall, and the front-end lever fulcrum and the rear-end lever fulcrum are fixedly mounted on the test fixed steel frame;

[0043] When the front loading actuator applies a load to the test piece through the front loading rod and the connecting hinge, the front loading lever and the front cross-section connecting disk, the direction of the applied load is perpendicular to the central axis of the initial position of the test piece;

[0044] When the rear end loading actuator applies load to the test piece through the rear end loading rod and the connecting hinge, the rear end loading lever and the rear end cross-section connecting disc, the direction of the applied load is perpendicular to the central axis of the initial position of the test piece.

[0045] Preferably, flexible felt material is pasted on the inner wall surfaces of the rear end pressure-bearing tooling and the front end pressure-bearing tooling.

[0046] Preferably, a strain sensor and a structural response test line are pasted on the test piece, and the strain sensor and the structural response test line are composed of a strain sensor and a structural response test line. The strain sensor is pasted on the test piece, and the strain sensor is welded to the structural response test line through a terminal. During the test loading process, the structural deformation causes the strain sensor resistance to change, and the test system terminal obtains the structural response strain through the connected strain sensor and structural response test line.

[0047] Preferably, the front loading lever pin is connected to the front cross-section connecting disc, and the rear loading lever pin is connected to the rear cross-section connecting disc.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] 1. This test device has a simple structure, the test process is easy to operate and can be repeatedly used;

[0050] 2. The present invention provides a test device that can meet the test requirements of various pressure, temperature, and shear coupling loading through the design of external pressure loading device, thermal loading device and cross-sectional shear loading device;

[0051] 3. The present invention obtains correct and sufficient test data through various sensors and test system terminals while ensuring the efficient and safe conduct of the test, and relies on the test data to fully understand the strength change process of various parts of the structure, solving the structural design and strength assessment problems in model development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the external pressure loading device;

[0054] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the thermal loading device structure;

[0055] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-section shear loading device structure;

[0056] As shown in the figure:

[0057] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] This embodiment includes: an external pressure loading device, a heat loading device and a cross-sectional shear loading device; the external pressure loading device includes: a pressurizing bag, a gas pressurizing system and a liquid filling system, the pressurizing bag is filled with liquid by the liquid filling system and pressurized by the gas pressurizing system, and then deforms toward the test piece 10 and compresses the test piece 10, the test piece 10 is connected to the heat loading device and heated by the heat loading device, the cross-sectional shear loading device includes a plurality of shear loading lever groups, the shear loading lever groups are installed in the test piece 10 and apply shear force to the test piece 10, the external pressure loading device, the heat loading device and the cross-sectional shear loading device are connected to the test system terminal 15.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the external pressure loading device also includes: a rear end pressure-bearing tooling 6, a front end pressure-bearing tooling 7, a front end pressure-boosting bag 8, a rear end pressure-bearing bag 9, a test base 11 and a filling pipeline 16; the rear end pressure-bearing tooling 6 and the front end pressure-bearing tooling 7 are installed on the side of the test piece 10, and the rear end pressure-bearing tooling 6 and the front end pressure-bearing tooling 7 are fixedly connected by a connecting ring, a first groove is provided on the front end pressure-bearing tooling 7, and the opening direction of the first groove is toward the test piece 10, and a second groove is provided on the rear end pressure-bearing tooling 6, and the opening direction of the second groove is toward the test piece 10, and the first groove is provided on the rear end pressure-bearing tooling 6. A front-end booster bladder 8 is installed in the groove, and a rear-end pressure-bearing tooling 6 and a flexible felt material are pasted on the inner wall of the front-end pressure-bearing tooling 7. When the front-end booster bladder 8 expands, it is limited by the first groove and deformed toward the test piece 10 to apply pressure. The rear-end booster bladder 9 is installed in the second groove. When the rear-end booster bladder 9 expands, it is limited by the second groove and deformed toward the test piece 10 to apply pressure. A test base 11 is installed on the rear-end pressure-bearing tooling 6 on the side facing away from the front-end pressure-bearing tooling 7. The test piece 10 is installed on the test base 11. The front-end booster bladder 8 is connected to the rear-end booster bladder 9 through a filling line 16. A pressure gauge 12 and a pressure sensor 13 are installed on the front-end pressure-bearing tooling 7. The pressure gauge 12 and the pressure sensor 13 are connected to the front-end booster bladder 8. The pressure sensor 13 is connected to the test system terminal 15 through a pressure test line 14.

[0062] The gas pressurization system includes: an air source 1, a pressure reducing valve 2, a pressure boosting valve 3, a pressure relief valve 4, and a pressure relief port 5; one end of the pressure reducing valve 2 is connected to the air source 1, and the other end is connected to one end of the pressure boosting valve 3; the other end of the pressure boosting valve 3 is connected to the rear-end pressurization bladder 9 and one end of the pressure relief valve 4; the other end of the pressure relief valve 4 is connected to the pressure relief port 5. The liquid filling system includes: a filling valve 17 and a water source 18; one end of the filling valve 17 is connected to the water source 18, and the other end is connected to the rear-end pressurization bladder 9. The front-end pressurization bladder 8 and the rear-end pressurization bladder 9 are pressurized by the gas after liquid filling, and the test piece 10 is expanded and pressurized along the opening direction of the front-end pressure-bearing tooling 7 and the rear-end pressure-bearing tooling 6 respectively.

[0063] like Figure 2As shown, the thermal loading device includes: a front electric heating blanket 19, a rear electric heating blanket 20, and a temperature sensor and test line 21. The front electric heating blanket 19 is installed between the front booster bladder 8 and the test piece 10, and the rear electric heating blanket 20 is installed between the rear booster bladder 9 and the test piece 10. The front electric heating blanket 19 and the rear electric heating blanket 20 are installed with a temperature sensor and test line 21, and the temperature sensor and test line 21 are connected to the test system terminal 15. The front electric heating blanket 19 and the rear electric heating blanket 20 are provided with an insulating waterproof and heat-insulating material layer on the side facing away from the test piece 10. The front electric heating blanket 19 and the rear electric heating blanket 20 use a resistive heating method.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the shear loading lever group includes: a front-end shear loading lever group and a rear-end shear loading lever group; the front-end shear loading lever group includes: a front-end force sensor and a test line 23, a front-end loading actuator 24, a front-end loading rod and a connecting hinge 25, a front-end lever fulcrum 26, a front-end loading lever 27 and a front-end cross-section connecting disc 28, a front-end force sensor and a test line 23 are installed between the front-end loading actuator 24 and one end of the front-end loading rod and the connecting hinge 25; the front-end force sensor and the test line 23 are connected to the test system terminal 15, the other end of the front-end loading rod and the connecting hinge 25 is connected to one end of the front-end loading lever 27, the other end of the front-end loading lever 27 is connected to the front-end cross-section connecting disc 28, and the front-end loading lever The middle part of 27 is rotated to connect to the front lever fulcrum 26; the rear end shear loading lever group includes: a rear end cross-section connecting disc 29, a rear end loading lever 30, a rear end lever fulcrum 31, a rear end loading rod and a connecting hinge 32, a rear end force sensor and a test line 33, and a rear end loading actuator 34; a rear end force sensor and a test line 33 are installed between the rear end loading actuator 34 and one end of the rear end loading rod and the connecting hinge 32, and the rear end force sensor and the test line 33 are connected to the test system terminal 15; the other end of the rear end loading rod and the connecting hinge 32 is connected to one end of the rear end loading lever 30, the other end of the rear end loading lever 30 is connected to the rear end cross-section connecting disc 29, and the middle part of the rear end loading lever 30 is rotated to connect to the rear end lever fulcrum 31.

[0065] The front cross-section connecting disc 28 and the rear cross-section connecting disc 29 are installed inside the test piece 10 and fixedly connected to the connecting surface of the test piece 10 without gaps. The front loading actuator 24 and the rear loading actuator 34 are fixedly installed on the load-bearing wall 35. The front lever fulcrum 26 and the rear lever fulcrum 31 are fixedly installed on the test fixed steel frame. When the front loading actuator 24 applies a load to the test piece 10 through the front loading rod and the connecting hinge 25, the front loading lever 27 and the front cross-section connecting disc 28, the applied load direction is perpendicular to the central axis of the initial position of the test piece 10. When the rear loading actuator 34 applies a load to the test piece 10 through the rear loading rod and the connecting hinge 32, the rear loading lever 30 and the rear cross-section connecting disc 29, the applied load direction is perpendicular to the central axis of the initial position of the test piece 10, a strain sensor and a structural response test line 22 are installed on the test piece 10, and the strain sensor and the structural response test line 22 are connected to the test system terminal 15.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] Example 2 is a preferred example of Example 1.

[0068] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment includes: an external pressure loading device, a thermal loading device, and a cross-sectional shear loading device. The external pressure loading device consists of an air source 1, a pressure reducing valve 2, a pressure boosting valve 3, a pressure relief valve 4, a pressure relief port 5, a rear pressure-bearing tooling 6, a front pressure-bearing tooling 7, a front pressure boosting bladder 8, a rear pressure boosting bladder 9, a test base 11, a pressure gauge 12, a pressure sensor 13, a pressure test line 14, a test system terminal 15, a filling line 16, a filling valve 17, and a water source 18. The thermal loading device consists of a front electric heating blanket 19, a rear electric heating blanket 20, a temperature sensor and test line 21, and the test system terminal 15. The cross-sectional shear loading device consists of a front-end shear loading lever group and a rear-end shear loading lever group, including a rear-end cross-sectional connecting disc 29, a rear-end loading lever 30, a rear-end lever fulcrum 31, a rear-end loading rod and a connecting hinge 32, a rear-end force sensor and a test line 33, a rear-end loading actuator 34, a front-end cross-sectional connecting disc 28, a front-end loading lever 27, a front-end lever fulcrum 26, a front-end loading rod and a connecting hinge 25, a front-end force sensor and a test line 23, a front-end loading actuator 24, a strain sensor and a structural response test line 22, and a test system terminal 15.

[0069] The gas source 1, the pressure reducing valve 2, the boosting valve 3, the pressure relief valve 4, the pressure relief port 5, and the filling pipeline 16 constitute a gas boosting system; the water source 18, the filling valve 17, and the filling pipeline 16 constitute a liquid filling system; the front-end boosting bag 8 and the rear-end boosting bag 9 are expanded and deformed by liquid (water) filling and gas pressurization, and the front-end pressure-bearing tooling 7 and the rear-end pressure-bearing tooling 6 respectively constrain the normal outward expansion deformation. Under the constraint, the front-end boosting bag 8 and the rear-end boosting bag 9 can only expand and deform inward along the normal direction and compress the test piece 10 to achieve the application of external pressure load to the test piece 10.

[0070] A front electric heating blanket 19 is installed between the test specimen 10 and the front plenum chamber 8, while a rear electric heating blanket 20 is installed between the test specimen 10 and the rear plenum chamber 9. The sides of the front and rear electric heating blankets 19 and 20 that contact the front and rear plenum chambers 8 and 9, respectively, are designed with layers of insulating, waterproof, and thermally insulating material. The front and rear electric heating blankets 19 and 20 are controlled by electrical power to regulate heat generation, thereby applying a thermal load to the test specimen 10.

[0071] The rear cross-sectional connecting disc 29, rear loading lever 30, rear lever fulcrum 31, rear loading rod and connecting hinge 32, rear force sensor and test line 33, and rear loading actuator 34 constitute the rear shear loading lever assembly. The front cross-sectional connecting disc 28, front loading lever 27, front lever fulcrum 26, front loading rod and connecting hinge 25, front force sensor and test line 23, and front loading actuator 24 constitute the front shear loading lever assembly. The rear loading actuator 34 and front loading actuator 24 are vertically fixed to the load-bearing wall 35; the rear lever fulcrum 31 and front lever fulcrum 26 are fixed to the peripheral test fixed steel frame; the rear cross-sectional connecting disc 29 and front cross-sectional connecting disc 28 are respectively fixed to the internal connection surface of the test piece 10 by bolts.

[0072] The rear loading actuator 34 is connected to the rear loading lever 30 via the rear loading rod and connecting hinge 32, ensuring that the applied load is perpendicular to the initial centerline of the test specimen 10. The front loading actuator 24 is connected to the front loading lever 27 via the front loading rod and connecting hinge 25, ensuring that the load applied to the loading lever 27 is perpendicular to the initial centerline of the test specimen 10. The rear lever fulcrum 31 and the front lever fulcrum 26 are fixedly connected to the peripheral test fixed steel frame. Both lever fulcrums are connected to the loading lever via pins, and both connecting discs are also connected to the loading lever via pins. The rear cross-sectional connecting disc 29 and the front cross-sectional connecting disc 28 are respectively fixed to the internal connecting surface of the test specimen 10 via bolts, ensuring that the connecting surfaces are free of gaps and prevent relative sliding during the test loading process.

[0073] The pressure, temperature, tension, and structural response testing system consists of a pressure gauge 12, a pressure sensor 13, a temperature sensor and test line 21, a rear-end force sensor and test line 33, a front-end force sensor and test line 23, a strain sensor and structural response test line 22, and a test system terminal 15. Test data is fed back in real time to the control modules of the pressure reducing valve 2, the boost valve 3, the pressure relief valve 4, the heating blanket power, and the loading actuator, ensuring that the mechanical and thermal load levels meet test requirements and that the application of each load is synchronized.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the test piece 10 is mounted on the test base 11, and the front-end booster bladder 8 and the rear-end booster bladder 9 are mounted as follows: the front-end booster bladder 8 is mounted inside the front-end pressure-bearing fixture 7, and a flexible felt material is attached to the inner wall of the front-end pressure-bearing fixture 7 to prevent the hard wall from damaging the front-end booster bladder 8 during the pressurization process. Similarly, the rear-end booster bladder 9 is mounted inside the rear-end pressure-bearing fixture 6, and a flexible felt material is attached to the inner wall of the rear-end pressure-bearing fixture 6 to prevent the hard wall from damaging the rear-end booster bladder 9 during the pressurization process. The rear-end pressure-bearing fixture 6 and the front-end pressure-bearing fixture 7 are both fixedly connected to the connecting ring by bolts, and the rear-end pressure-bearing fixture 6 is fixedly connected to the test base 11 by bolts. During the gas pressurization process, the internal pressures of the front-end booster bladder 8 and the rear-end booster bladder 9 are adjusted by switching the pressure reducing valve 2 and the pressure boosting valve 3. When the pressure exceeds the safety threshold, the pressure relief valve 4 is opened to discharge the gas from the pressure relief port to ensure system safety.

[0076] The front electric heating blanket 19 is installed between the test piece 10 and the front booster bladder 8, and the rear electric heating blanket 20 is installed between the test piece 10 and the rear booster bladder 9. The electric heating blanket is designed with an insulating and waterproof thermal insulation material layer on the side that contacts the booster bladder, and the heat generated by electric heating on the other side applies a thermal load to the test piece 10.

[0077] In this embodiment, the specifications of the filling line 16, valve, pressurizing bladder, electric heating blanket, loading actuator, load-bearing fixture, shear loading lever assembly, and other structural dimensions and connection interface types are determined based on the test loading requirements, meeting the test requirements for loading magnitude, accuracy, strength, and rigidity of the test device, while ensuring that the various loading devices do not interfere with each other. The specifications of the pressure gauge 12, pressure sensor 13, temperature sensor, and force sensor are selected based on the specific test range and accuracy requirements.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in addition to implementing the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention in purely computer-readable program code, it is entirely possible to implement the same functions of the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention can be considered a hardware component, and the devices, modules, and units included therein for implementing various functions can also be considered as structures within the hardware component; the devices, modules, and units for implementing various functions can also be considered as both software modules implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0079] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0080] The above describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. The embodiments of this application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other in any manner unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. A loading device for mechanical and thermal coupling testing of a rotary cabin structure, characterized in that: include: External pressure loading device, thermal loading device and cross-section shear loading device; The external pressure loading device includes: a pressurizing bag, a gas pressurizing system and a liquid filling system; The pressurizing bag is filled with liquid by the liquid filling system and pressurized by the gas pressurizing system, and then deforms toward the test piece (10) and compresses the test piece (10); The test piece (10) is connected to a heat loading device and is heated by the heat loading device; The cross-sectional shear loading device comprises a plurality of shear loading lever groups, wherein the shear loading lever groups are installed in the test piece (10) and apply shear force to the test piece (10); The external pressure loading device, the thermal loading device and the cross-sectional shear loading device are connected to a test system terminal (15); The external pressure loading device further comprises: a rear end pressure-bearing tool (6), a front end pressure-bearing tool (7), a front end pressure-boosting bag (8), a rear end pressure-boosting bag (9), a test base (11), and a filling pipeline (16); The rear end pressure-bearing tooling (6) and the front end pressure-bearing tooling (7) are installed on the side of the test piece (10), and the rear end pressure-bearing tooling (6) and the front end pressure-bearing tooling (7) are fixedly connected via a connecting ring; A first groove is provided on the front pressure-bearing fixture (7), the opening direction of the first groove being toward the test piece (10); a second groove is provided on the rear pressure-bearing fixture (6), the opening direction of the second groove being toward the test piece (10); A front-end pressurizing bag (8) is installed in the first groove, and when the front-end pressurizing bag (8) expands, it is limited by the first groove to deform and apply pressure toward the test piece (10); A rear-end pressurizing bag (9) is installed in the second groove, and when the rear-end pressurizing bag (9) expands, it is limited by the second groove to deform and apply pressure toward the test piece (10); A test base (11) is installed on the rear end pressure-bearing tooling (6) facing away from the front end pressure-bearing tooling (7), and the test piece (10) is installed on the test base (11); The front-end boosting bag (8) is connected to the rear-end boosting bag (9) via a filling pipeline (16); A pressure gauge (12) and a pressure sensor (13) are installed on the front end pressure-bearing tooling (7); The pressure gauge (12) and the pressure sensor (13) are connected to the front-end pressurizing bag (8); The pressure sensor (13) is connected to the test system terminal (15) via a pressure test line (14); The heat loading device comprises: a front-end electric heating blanket (19), a rear-end electric heating blanket (20), and a temperature sensor and a test line (21); A front electric heating blanket (19) is installed between the front pressurization bag (8) and the test piece (10), and a rear electric heating blanket (20) is installed between the rear pressurization bag (9) and the test piece (10); The front-end electric heating blanket (19) and the rear-end electric heating blanket (20) are equipped with temperature sensors and test lines (21), and the temperature sensors and test lines (21) are connected to the test system terminal (15); The shear force loading lever group includes: a front shear force loading lever group and a rear shear force loading lever group; The front-end shear force loading lever group comprises: a front-end force sensor and a test line (23), a front-end loading actuator (24), a front-end loading pull rod and a connecting hinge (25), a front-end lever fulcrum (26), a front-end loading lever (27), and a front-end cross-section connecting disc (28); A front-end force sensor and a test line (23) are installed between the front-end loading actuator (24), the front-end loading pull rod and one end of the connecting hinge (25), and the front-end force sensor and the test line (23) are connected to the test system terminal (15); The other end of the front loading rod and the connecting hinge (25) is connected to one end of the front loading lever (27), the other end of the front loading lever (27) is connected to the front cross-section connecting disc (28), and the middle part of the front loading lever (27) is rotatably connected to the front lever fulcrum (26); The rear end shear force loading lever group comprises: a rear end cross-section connecting disc (29), a rear end loading lever (30), a rear end lever fulcrum (31), a rear end loading pull rod and a connecting hinge (32), a rear end force sensor and a test line (33), and a rear end loading actuator (34); A rear-end force sensor and a test line (33) are installed between the rear-end loading actuator (34), the rear-end loading pull rod and one end of the connecting hinge (32), and the rear-end force sensor and the test line (33) are connected to the test system terminal (15); The other end of the rear end loading rod and the connecting hinge (32) is connected to one end of the rear end loading lever (30), the other end of the rear end loading lever (30) is connected to the rear end cross-section connecting disc (29), and the middle part of the rear end loading lever (30) is rotatably connected to the rear end lever fulcrum (31); The front cross-section connecting disc (28) and the rear cross-section connecting disc (29) are installed inside the test piece (10) and fixedly connected to the connecting surface of the test piece (10) without gaps; The front-end loading actuator (24) and the rear-end loading actuator (34) are fixedly mounted on a load-bearing wall (35), and the front-end lever fulcrum (26) and the rear-end lever fulcrum (31) are fixedly mounted on a test fixed steel frame; When the front loading actuator (24) is connected to the front loading lever (27) via the front loading rod and the connecting hinge (25), the direction of the load applied to the loading lever (27) is perpendicular to the central axis of the initial position of the test piece (10); When the rear end loading actuator (34) is connected to the rear end loading lever (30) through the rear end loading pull rod and the connecting hinge (32), the direction of applied load is perpendicular to the central axis of the initial position of the test piece (10).

2. The rotating cabin structure mechanical and thermal coupling test loading device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas pressurizing system comprises: a gas source (1), a pressure reducing valve (2), a pressure boosting valve (3), a pressure relief valve (4) and a pressure relief port (5); One end of the pressure reducing valve (2) is connected to the gas source (1), and the other end is connected to one end of the pressure increasing valve (3); The other end of the boost valve (3) is connected to the rear end boost bag (9) and one end of the pressure relief valve (4), and the other end of the pressure relief valve (4) is connected to the pressure relief port (5); The liquid filling system comprises: a filling valve (17) and a water source (18); One end of the filling valve (17) is connected to the water source (18), and the other end is connected to the rear-end pressurizing bag (9); The front-end pressurizing bag (8) and the rear-end pressurizing bag (9) expand and pressurize the test piece (10) along the opening directions of the front-end pressure-bearing tooling (7) and the rear-end pressure-bearing tooling (6) respectively by means of gas pressurization after liquid filling.

3. The rotating cabin structure mechanical and thermal coupling test loading device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The front end electric heating blanket (19) and the rear end electric heating blanket (20) are provided with an insulating, waterproof and heat-insulating material layer on the side facing away from the test piece (10); The front-end electric heating blanket (19) and the rear-end electric heating blanket (20) adopt a resistive heating method.

4. The rotating cabin structure mechanical and thermal coupling test loading device according to claim 1 is characterized by: Flexible felt material is pasted on the inner wall surfaces of the rear end pressure-bearing tooling (6) and the front end pressure-bearing tooling (7).

5. The rotating cabin structure mechanical and thermal coupling test loading device according to claim 1 is characterized by: A strain sensor and a structural response test line (22) are installed on the test piece (10), and the strain sensor and the structural response test line (22) are connected to the test system terminal (15).

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