Tunnel initial support steel arch frame installation device and installation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel initial support steel arch frame installation device, wherein a steel arch frame loading device for lifting and operating segmented steel arch frames is installed at the upper tail of the working platform, and retractable transverse support devices for supporting the side steel arch frames are installed on both sides of the working platform. The tunnel initial support steel arch frame installation device has a simple structure, and through the combined design of the traditional tunnel excavation platform and the steel arch frame loading device, the excavation platform is optimized and organically combined into an integrated working platform with arch frame lifting and transportation functions; a walking track of the steel arch frame loading device is set on the tunnel excavation working platform, and the steel arch frame loading device itself has arch frame lifting and lifting functions, and can rotate 360 ​​degrees independently. The combined equipment is fully functional, flexible and maneuverable, and can adjust the steel arch frame to accurately position in all directions; compared with the traditional manual installation of steel arch frames, it greatly reduces manpower investment and reduces safety risks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This patent application relates to the technical field of steel arch frame installation, and in particular to a tunnel initial support steel arch frame installation device and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the installation of tunnel arch frames in China mainly adopts traditional manual installation. The main problems are low construction efficiency, high labor input and high labor intensity. With the progress and development of society, the demand for humanization in construction operations is getting higher and higher. Mechanized construction is an inevitable trend in the development of the industry. In recent years, various types of arch frame installation vehicles have emerged on the market, which greatly improved the mechanization level of steel arch frame installation and solved many drawbacks of traditional manual operations to a certain extent. However, the purchase cost of arch frame installation vehicles is extremely high, and arch frame installation vehicles generally adopt a three-arm design with a narrow working platform. It is difficult to carry out other construction processes simultaneously during the arch frame installation operation, which is not conducive to the rapid construction organization of the initial tunnel support construction. The above drawbacks have led to the low popularity of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this patent application is to provide a tunnel initial support steel arch frame installation device and an installation method thereof to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A tunnel initial support steel arch frame installation device includes a working platform, a steel arch frame loading device for lifting and operating segmented steel arch frames is installed at the upper tail of the working platform, and retractable transverse support devices for supporting side steel arch frames are installed on both sides of the working platform.

[0006] Furthermore, the steel arch loading device includes a turntable arranged at the upper end of the working platform, the upper end of the turntable is hinged with a lifting cylinder, the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder is connected to a bracket for supporting the top steel arch, a winch is installed on the top of the lifting cylinder, a steel wire rope is wound on the winch, the end of the steel wire rope extending outward is connected to the steel arch hook, and a drive unit for adjusting the position of the lifting cylinder is installed on the turntable.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving unit includes a first hydraulic cylinder, the lower end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the turntable, and the upper end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the side wall of the lower end of the lifting cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of running wheels are provided on both sides of the lower end of the turntable, and a running track for the running wheels is provided on the working platform.

[0009] Furthermore, a guide plate is connected to a side wall at one end of the winch, and an end of the guide plate away from the winch is rotatably connected to a pulley, and one end of the wire rope passes through the pulley and extends outward.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide plate is arranged in parallel with the lifting cylinder, and the end of the guide plate away from the winch extends out of the bracket.

[0011] Furthermore, the lateral support device includes two second hydraulic cylinders arranged in parallel and connected to the side walls of the working platform, the telescopic ends of the two second hydraulic cylinders are connected to the two ends of the same support rod, and a hydraulic motor for controlling the operation of the second hydraulic cylinders is connected to the side walls of the working platform.

[0012] Furthermore, the support rod is a steel pipe arranged perpendicular to the second hydraulic cylinder.

[0013] A method for installing the tunnel initial support steel arch as described above comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1. Pre-processing: According to the design drawing dimensions, a steel arch frame is manufactured in sections to form two side steel arch frames and a top steel arch frame. The steel arch frame loading device and transverse support device are installed on the working platform. The tunnel section is excavated and the working platform is controlled to move longitudinally along the tunnel excavation section to the end of the tunnel face.

[0015] S2. Installation of the side steel arch frame: Use the steel arch frame hook of the steel arch frame loading device to lift the end of the side steel arch frame. Control the steel arch frame loading device to cooperate with manual labor to move the side steel arch frame to the installation position along the work platform. Control the support rods on the transverse support device to move telescopically to roughly adjust the side steel arch frame to the designed installation position. Follow the above steps to install the side steel arch frame on the other side in place.

[0016] S3. Installation of the top steel arch: After the two side steel arches are installed in place, the top steel arch is hoisted to the top of the working platform. Manually, the top steel arch is placed in the bracket of the steel arch loading device and moved to the working surface. The direction and height of the top steel arch are adjusted by the rotary table, lifting cylinder, and first hydraulic cylinder on the steel arch loading device. The two ends of the top steel arch are butted against the upper parts of the two side steel arches and connected into a whole by I-beams.

[0017] S4. Fixing of single steel arch frame: After the three units of steel arch frames are butt-jointed and formed, adjust the top elevation of the top steel arch frame by using the lifting cylinder, control the lateral support device to adjust the lateral position of the side steel arch frame, tighten the bolts to fix it after adjustment, and weld to reinforce it to complete the installation of the single steel arch frame.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S1, before the working platform enters the tunnel, the working range of the working platform is leveled. When the working platform moves to the working surface in the tunnel, the segmented steel arch frames are neatly placed on the ground in front of the working platform.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The initial support steel arch installation device of this tunnel has a simple structure and a simple and reasonable construction method. Through the combined design of the traditional tunnel excavation platform and the steel arch loading device, the excavation platform is optimized and organically combined into an integrated working platform with arch lifting and transportation functions.

[0021] 2. A walking track for the steel arch loading device is set on the tunnel excavation work platform. The steel arch loading device itself has the arch lifting and hoisting functions and can rotate 360 ​​degrees independently. The combined equipment is fully functional, flexible and maneuverable, and can adjust the steel arch for precise positioning in all directions.

[0022] 3. The entire steel arch installation process requires only one operator to operate the steel arch loading device and transverse support device, two operators below the working platform to assist in lifting and positioning the steel arch, and two operators above the working platform to assist in equipment transportation and lowering the steel arch. Compared with traditional manual installation of steel arches, this greatly reduces manpower input. It also reduces the concentration of workers at the tunnel face and reduces safety risks.

[0023] 4. The entire process of steel arch installation is mainly completed mechanically, which has high construction efficiency, reduces the time for initial support steel arch installation, shortens the cyclic operation of tunnel excavation, and improves the construction progress.

[0024] 5. Precise positioning of the steel arch frame: The lateral position of the steel arch frame on the side is adjusted through the lateral support device of the working platform, and the lifting cylinder of the steel arch frame feeding device adjusts the arch top elevation. After adjustment, the steel arch frame can be kept in a stable state until the installation of the connection system to fix the steel arch frame, eliminating the accidental factors of manual operation and ensuring the accuracy of the steel arch frame installation.

[0025] 6. The steel arch loading device used in this method has a simple structure and low production cost. The tunnel working platform can be appropriately optimized and modified using the traditional platform. It does not require high professionalism and low cost, but it plays an outstanding role in safety and economy and has strong scalability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the tunnel initial support steel arch installation device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a front structural schematic diagram of the steel arch feeding device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic top view of the structure of the transverse support device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the excavation method for tunnel construction according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a side structural diagram of the steel arch mounting device of the present invention in a tunnel;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the single-sided steel arch construction structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the double-sided steel arch construction structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the construction structure of a single steel arch frame of the present invention.

[0034] Explanation of the accompanying figures: working platform 1, steel arch loading device 2, turntable 21, lifting cylinder 22, bracket 23, winch 24, wire rope 25, steel arch hook 26, first hydraulic cylinder 27, transverse support device 3, second hydraulic cylinder 31, hydraulic motor 32, support rod 33. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following describes the implementation of this patent application through specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the other advantages and effects of this patent application from the content disclosed in this specification. This patent application can also be implemented or applied through different specific implementations. The details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this patent application. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other unless they conflict.

[0036] See also Figure 1-8 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0037] A tunnel initial support steel arch installation device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a working platform 1, and a steel arch loading device 2 for lifting and operating the segmented steel arch is installed at the upper tail of the working platform 1. Retractable transverse supporting devices 3 for supporting the side steel arch are installed on both sides of the working platform 1.

[0038] See Figure 2As shown, the steel arch loading device 2 includes a turntable 21 arranged at the upper end of the working platform 1, and a number of walking wheels are provided on both sides of the lower end of the turntable 21. A walking track for the walking wheels is opened on the working platform 1. The upper end of the turntable 21 is hinged with a lifting cylinder 22, and the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder 22 is connected to a bracket 23 for supporting the top steel arch. A winch 24 is installed on the top of the lifting cylinder 22, and a steel wire rope 25 is wound around the winch 24. The end of the steel wire rope 25 extending outward is connected to a steel arch hook 26. A drive unit for adjusting the position of the lifting cylinder 22 is installed on the turntable 21, and the drive unit includes a first hydraulic cylinder 27. The lower end of the first hydraulic cylinder 27 is hinged on the turntable 21, and the upper end of the first hydraulic cylinder 27 is hinged to the side wall of the lower end of the lifting cylinder 22.

[0039] Among them, a guide plate is connected to the side wall of one end of the winch 24, and the end of the guide plate away from the winch 24 is rotatably connected to a pulley. One end of the wire rope 25 extends outward through the pulley. The guide plate is arranged parallel to the lifting cylinder 22. The end of the guide plate away from the winch 24 extends out of the bracket 23, which facilitates the wire rope 25 to extend out of the bracket 23, and the steel arch frame hook 26 lifts the steel arch frame without hindrance.

[0040] See Figure 3 As shown, the lateral support device 3 includes two second hydraulic cylinders 31 arranged in parallel and connected to the side wall of the working platform 1. The telescopic ends of the two second hydraulic cylinders 31 are connected to the two ends of the same support rod 33. The support rod 33 is a steel pipe arranged perpendicular to the second hydraulic cylinder 31. A hydraulic motor 32 for controlling the operation of the second hydraulic cylinder 31 is connected to the side wall of the working platform 1.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the tunnel is constructed in a soft rock section with steel arch support using a step method. The steel arch construction method of this embodiment is carried out in the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Divide the upper step steel arch frame into three units A1, A2, and A3, where A1 and A3 are the two-side unit steel arch frames and A2 is the arch unit steel arch frame;

[0043] Step 2: If Figure 5 As shown, the working platform 1 is positioned at the tunnel face, and the segmented steel arches A1, A2, and A3 are placed in the tunnel in front of the working platform 1, with the numbers arranged neatly;

[0044] Step 3: First, put the steel arch frame A1 on one side into position, lower the steel arch frame hook 26 of the steel arch frame loading device 2, hook the flange of the steel arch frame A1, and control the winch 24 to lift the steel arch frame A1;

[0045] Step 4: Lift the steel arch frame A1 and control the first hydraulic cylinder 27 to lift until the lifting cylinder 22 is close to the vertical state. With manual assistance, place the steel arch frame A1 in the bracket 23 and control the steel arch frame loading device 2 to move along the walking track of the working platform 1 to the arch frame installation working surface.

[0046] Step 5: If Figure 6 As shown, the turntable 21 on the steel arch loading device 2 is controlled to rotate horizontally until the direction of the machine body is basically consistent with the cross-section of the tunnel. The steel arch hook 26 is used to hook the flange steel plate at one end of the steel arch A1. The steel arch A1 is manually lowered along the support rod 31 of the transverse support device 3 provided on the work platform 1. The operator below the work platform 1 cooperates to stand the arch foot stand at the other end of the steel arch A1 in the designed position. The second hydraulic cylinder 31 controlled by the hydraulic motor 32 is extended and retracted, and the steel arch A1 is lifted and the overall transverse direction is basically consistent with the designed position.

[0047] Step 6: Install the steel arch frame A3 on the other side in the same way as the steel arch frame A1. Figure 7 As shown;

[0048] Step 7: If Figure 8 As shown, according to the installation method of the unit arch frames on both sides, the steel arch frame A2 is placed in the bracket 23 and transported to the working surface. By controlling the rotation plate 21, the lifting cylinder 22, and the first hydraulic cylinder 27 to rotate and lift, the spatial position of the steel arch frame A2 in the bracket 23 is adjusted, and it is docked with the steel arch frames A1 and A3 that have been preliminarily positioned on both sides, and connected into a whole through the I-beam;

[0049] Step 8: After the three units of steel arch frames are butt-jointed and formed, the top elevation of the steel arch frame A2 is adjusted by the support of the bracket 23 and the lifting cylinder 22, and the lateral support device 3 is controlled to adjust the lateral positions of the steel arch frames A1 and A3. After adjustment, tighten the bolts to fix them, weld and reinforce them, and complete the installation of the single steel arch frame.

[0050] The tunnel initial support steel arch frame installation method provided by the present invention is applied to the initial support steel arch frame installation construction of the Laoshan Tunnel of the newly built Laixi to Rongcheng Railway ZQSG-2 section. By using this construction method, the number of workers for steel arch frame installation construction is reduced from 10 in the early stage of manual operation to 5, and the installation time of two arch frames in a single cycle is reduced from 3 hours to 2 hours, which greatly reduces the manpower input and the labor intensity of the workers, improves the construction efficiency, accelerates the construction progress, achieves good economic and social benefits, and provides a reference basis for similar engineering construction.

[0051] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this patent application and are not intended to limit this patent application. Anyone skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this patent application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by persons of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concepts disclosed in this patent application shall be covered by the claims of this patent application.

Claims

1. A tunnel initial support steel arch installation device, comprising a working platform (1), characterized in that: The upper end of the working platform (1) is equipped with a steel arch loading device (2) for lifting and operating the segmented steel arch, and both sides of the working platform (1) are equipped with retractable transverse support devices (3) for supporting the side steel arch; The steel arch loading device (2) comprises a rotary disc (21) arranged at the upper end of the working platform (1); a lifting cylinder (22) is hingedly connected to the upper end of the rotary disc (21); a telescopic end of the lifting cylinder (22) is connected to a bracket (23) for supporting the top steel arch; a winch (24) is installed on the top of the lifting cylinder (22); a steel wire rope (25) is wound around the winch (24); an end of the steel wire rope (25) extending outward is connected to a steel arch hook (26); and a driving unit for adjusting the position of the lifting cylinder (22) is installed on the rotary disc (21); A guide plate is connected to a side wall of one end of the hoist (24); an end of the guide plate away from the hoist (24) is rotatably connected to a pulley; one end of the wire rope (25) passes through the pulley and extends outward; The guide plate is arranged in parallel with the lifting cylinder (22), and one end of the guide plate away from the winch (24) extends out of the bracket (23), which facilitates the steel wire rope (25) to extend out of the bracket (23) and the steel arch frame hook (26) to lift the steel arch frame without obstruction.

2. The tunnel initial support steel arch installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving unit comprises a first hydraulic cylinder (27), the lower end of the first hydraulic cylinder (27) is hinged on the rotary disk (21), and the upper end of the first hydraulic cylinder (27) is hinged on the side wall of the lower end of the lifting cylinder (22).

3. The tunnel initial support steel arch installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of running wheels are provided on both sides of the lower end of the rotary disk (21), and a running track for the running wheels is provided on the working platform (1).

4. The tunnel initial support steel arch installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse support device (3) comprises two second hydraulic cylinders (31) connected to the side wall of the working platform (1) and arranged in parallel, the telescopic ends of the two second hydraulic cylinders (31) being connected to the two ends of the same support rod (33), and a hydraulic motor (32) for controlling the operation of the second hydraulic cylinders (31) being connected to the side wall of the working platform (1).

5. The tunnel initial support steel arch installation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support rod (33) is a steel pipe arranged perpendicularly to the second hydraulic cylinder (31).

6. A method for installing a tunnel primary support steel arch as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Pre-processing: According to the dimensions of the design drawings, a steel arch frame is manufactured in sections to form two side steel arch frames and a top steel arch frame, the steel arch frame feeding device (2) and the transverse support device (3) are installed on the working platform (1), the tunnel section is excavated, and the working platform (1) is controlled to move longitudinally along the tunnel excavation section to the end of the tunnel face; S2. Installation of the side steel arch frame: using the steel arch frame hook (26) of the steel arch frame loading device (2) to lift the end of the side steel arch frame, controlling the steel arch frame loading device (2) to cooperate with manual labor to move the side steel arch frame to the installation position along the working platform (1), controlling the support rod (33) on the transverse support device (3) to move telescopically, so as to roughly adjust the side steel arch frame to the designed installation position, and installing the side steel arch frame on the other side in place according to the above steps; S3. Installation of the top steel arch frame: After the two side steel arch frames are installed in place, the top steel arch frame is hoisted to the top of the working platform (1), and the top steel arch frame is placed in the bracket (23) of the steel arch frame loading device (2) with the help of manual labor, and then moved to the working surface. The direction and height of the top steel arch frame are adjusted by the rotary disk (21), the lifting cylinder (22) and the first hydraulic cylinder (27) on the steel arch frame loading device (2), so that the two ends of the top steel arch frame are docked with the upper parts of the two side steel arch frames and connected into a whole through the I-beam; S4. Single-frame steel arch frame fixed connection: After the three units of steel arch frames are butt-jointed and formed, the top elevation of the top steel arch frame is adjusted by the lifting cylinder (22), and the lateral support device (3) is controlled to adjust the lateral position of the side steel arch frame. After adjustment, the bolts are tightened and fixed, and welding is performed to complete the installation of the single-frame steel arch frame.

7. The method for installing a tunnel primary support steel arch according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S1, before the working platform (1) enters the tunnel, the working range of the working platform (1) is leveled, and when the working platform (1) moves to the working surface in the tunnel, the segmented steel arch frames are neatly placed on the ground in front of the working platform (1).

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