A low-impact locking and separation device with adjustable preload force and assembly method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-impact locking and separation device with adjustable preload and an assembly method, which belongs to the field of separation devices. The low-impact locking and separation device is used for locking and unlocking space mechanism products, and includes a pin puller locking sleeve, a pin puller, a pin puller pressing sleeve, an adjustment gasket, and an adjustment component; the pin puller locking sleeve, the pin puller, and the adjustment component are arranged from top to bottom and are located on the same central axis. The present invention is suitable for space mechanism products with locking requirements for spacecraft, and has the advantages of adjustable locking preload, large constraint stiffness, and small unlocking impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of separation devices, and in particular relates to a low-impact locking separation device with adjustable preload force and an assembly method. Background Art

[0002] Space mechanism products generally need to lock the moving parts during the ascent of the aircraft to withstand the corresponding vibration and noise mechanical environment and protect them from damage. Explosive device pin pullers are widely used due to their high locking and unlocking reliability and high locking stiffness.

[0003] The pin puller is usually installed on a fixed part, and its piston pin is inserted or pushed into the movable part of the spatial mechanism product to achieve locking. The pin puller is equipped with high explosives, which are detonated by an external current to cut off the limit pin and retract the piston into the body, thereby achieving unlocking. When the explosive explodes, the piston retracts into the body and hits the bottom of the body, a large impact will be generated. Since the pin puller is fixedly installed with the spatial mechanism product, the impact energy generated by its unlocking is completely transmitted to the mechanism body, posing a threat to sensitive parts of the product such as glass materials and crystal oscillator devices.

[0004] At present, there are many non-pyrotechnic unlocking methods, such as hot knives, memory alloy driven locking and releasing devices, etc., which produce almost no impact during their operation. However, since their operation requires a large amount of current and time, they are difficult to be used in situations requiring high locking stiffness, fast response, and energy constraints.

[0005] Therefore, in situations where high locking stiffness, fast response, and energy constraints are required, a low-impact locking and separation method suitable for pyrotechnics is needed to improve the problem of large impact transmitted to the product when the pin puller is directly locked. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a low-impact locking and separation device with adjustable preload and an assembly method, which can reduce the impact level transmitted to the spatial mechanism product during unlocking, prevent damage to sensitive parts of the product, and can also control the preload during locking.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A low-impact locking and releasing device with adjustable preload force, used for locking and unlocking a space mechanism product, wherein the space mechanism product comprises a mechanism body and a movable part of the mechanism, and is characterized in that it comprises a pin puller locking sleeve, a pin puller, a pin puller pressing sleeve, an adjusting gasket, and an adjusting assembly; wherein the pin puller locking sleeve, the pin puller, and the adjusting assembly are arranged from top to bottom and are located on the same central axis;

[0009] The pin puller locking sleeve is installed on the movable part of the mechanism;

[0010] The pin puller is composed of a piston rod and a pin puller body, and the piston rod is pushed into the locking sleeve of the pin puller;

[0011] The pin puller pressing sleeve is used to fix the pin puller body, and the pin puller body is fastened and fixed by two identical pin puller pressing sleeves;

[0012] The adjusting gasket is installed between the two pin puller pressing sleeves to control the degree of tightening of the two pin puller pressing sleeves on the pin puller;

[0013] The adjusting component is placed on the bottom of the pin puller body and provides axial pre-tightening force for the pin puller by adjusting its own height.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment nut, an adjustment tray, and a pin screw;

[0015] The adjustment tray is composed of a tray and a column. The tray is placed on the bottom of the mechanism body, and the column passes through the mechanism body. There is no rigid connection between the column and the mechanism body. The diameter of the cavity inside the column is the same as the diameter of the screw of the adjustment nut. The inner side of the column is provided with a thread.

[0016] The head of the adjusting nut is attached to the bottom surface of the pin puller body, the screw rod is provided with an external thread corresponding to the inner thread of the column, and the screw rod is placed in the cavity of the adjusting tray; by rotating the adjusting nut screw rod, the pin puller is tightened, and a certain pre-tightening torque is applied to the head of the adjusting nut, so as to realize controllable tightening of the pin puller;

[0017] The pin screw is used to limit the relative rotation between the adjusting tray and the mechanism body. The threaded portion of the pin screw is installed on the mechanism body, and the pin end of the pin screw penetrates into the adjusting tray.

[0018] Preferably, the spatial mechanism product is provided with a mechanism body mounting surface, and the lower surface of the adjustment tray is pressed against the mechanism body mounting surface.

[0019] Preferably, the adjustment assembly further comprises a locking nut, which is located on the screw of the adjustment nut, and the locking and anti-loosening between the adjustment nut and the adjustment tray are achieved by rotational adjustment between the internal thread of the locking nut and the screw thread of the adjustment nut.

[0020] Preferably, the pin puller clamping sleeve is provided with two arc structures, and the two pin puller clamping sleeves are buckled with the pin puller, and the two hole features formed by the facing arc structures cooperate with the pin puller body to achieve reliable buckling of the mating surfaces.

[0021] Preferably, a solid lubricating film is plated on the characteristic surface of the hole of the pin puller compression sleeve to control the friction coefficient between the characteristic surface of the hole and the pin puller body.

[0022] Preferably, by adjusting the thickness of the adjusting gasket, the deformation amount of the two pin puller pressing sleeves when pressed is limited, so that the axial sliding force of the pin puller can be controlled.

[0023] Preferably, the pin puller locking sleeve includes a tapered hole feature and a cylindrical hole feature, and the piston rod of the pin puller has a tapered feature and a shaft feature coupled with the tapered hole feature and the cylindrical hole feature of the pin puller locking sleeve.

[0024] Preferably, the tapered hole characteristic surface and the cylindrical hole characteristic surface of the pin puller locking sleeve and the surface of the piston rod of the pin puller are coated with lubricant or plated with a solid lubricating film to reduce friction and prevent cold welding.

[0025] A method for assembling a low-impact locking and separating device with adjustable preload force, comprising:

[0026] (S1) Installing the pin puller locking sleeve on the movable part of the mechanism that requires locking;

[0027] (S2) the adjustment assembly is installed on the mechanism body in a separated state, the tray of the adjustment tray is placed on the bottom surface of the mechanism body, and the pin screw is installed to limit the rotation of the adjustment tray along the axis;

[0028] (S3) rotating the adjusting nut of the adjusting assembly to a lower position, placing the pin puller in place and aligning it with the matching hole of the pin puller locking sleeve, and then screwing the adjusting nut up to apply a certain torque to the adjusting nut;

[0029] (S4) Rotate the anti-loosening nut of the adjustment assembly downward to apply a certain torque and tighten it to the adjustment tray, thereby locking the threaded connection between the adjustment tray and the adjustment nut;

[0030] (S5) The two pin puller clamping sleeves are buckled to the pin pullers, and an adjustment gasket is inserted between the two pin pullers to fix the connection; and the two pin puller clamping sleeves are fixedly connected to the mechanism body.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1) The present invention optimizes the structural design of the pin puller lock to increase the internal energy dissipation link of the lock and increase the energy diversion interface, thereby diverting the impact energy generated when the pin puller is unlocked, reducing the impact level transmitted to the mechanism when unlocking. A part of the impact energy is consumed by friction and slippage at the mating surface between the pin puller clamping sleeve and the pin puller, another part of the impact energy is transmitted to the installation surface of the mechanism body of the space mechanism product through the adjustment component, and the remaining part of the impact energy is transmitted to the mechanism body through the pin puller clamping sleeve. After slip dissipation and diversion on the installation surface, the impact energy transmitted to the space mechanism product is greatly reduced, thereby enhancing the safety of the space mechanism product;

[0033] 2) The present invention adjusts the preload torque of the adjusting nut and the thickness of the adjusting gasket, and prevents the change of the preload force through the anti-loosening nut, so as to achieve the adjustable and reliable preload force during locking, and adapt to application scenarios with different preload force requirements;

[0034] 3) The present invention strengthens the restraining force and ensures high rigidity and high reliability of locking by matching the pin puller locking sleeve with the conical column feature of the pin puller piston end, matching the pin puller pressing sleeve with the hole feature of the pin puller body, and fixing the pin puller pressing sleeve with the spatial mechanism product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a main cross-sectional view of a low-impact locking and separating device with adjustable preload force according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is an axonometric diagram of a low-impact locking and separation device with adjustable preload force according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a locking sleeve of a pin puller according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pin puller used in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 is a main cross-sectional view of an adjustment component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pin screw used in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a top view of the structure of the pin puller compression sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to be able to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features described in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0043] A low-impact locking and releasing device with adjustable preload force is used to lock and unlock a space mechanism product 6. The space mechanism product 6 includes a mechanism body and a movable part of the mechanism. A mechanism body mounting surface is provided at the lower part of the mechanism body. The structure of the locking and releasing device is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, it includes: a pin puller locking sleeve 1, a pin puller 2, an adjustment component 5, a pin puller pressing sleeve 3, and an adjustment gasket 4, which are located on the same central axis and arranged from top to bottom.

[0044] The pin puller locking sleeve 1 is installed on the movable part of the space mechanism product 6, such as Figure 3 As shown, it is used to constrain the pin puller 2.

[0045] Pin puller 2, such as Figure 4 As shown, it includes a pin puller piston rod 21 and a pin puller body 22, and the piston rod 21 is pushed into the pin puller locking sleeve 1. In order to strengthen the restraining force between the piston rod 21 and the pin puller locking sleeve 1, a tapered hole feature 11 and a columnar hole feature 12 are provided on the inner surface of the pin puller locking sleeve 1, and the piston rod 21 also has a coupled tapered feature 211 and a columnar feature 212. The tapered hole matching characteristics are used to ensure the position angle accuracy during locking, and the columnar hole matching characteristics are used to ensure the locking reliability, so as to achieve radial and axial constraints along the hole axis. At the same time, in order to reduce friction, prevent cold welding, make unlocking smooth, and ensure unlocking reliability, the surfaces of the tapered hole feature 11, the columnar hole feature 12, the tapered feature 211, and the columnar feature 212 are coated with lubricant or plated with a solid lubricating film.

[0046] The adjustment component 5 is installed between the mechanism body and the mechanism body mounting surface, with one end pressing against the mounting surface and the other end pressing against the pin puller body to provide support for it. The adjustment component 5 adjusts its own height to tighten the pin puller and provide axial preload for the pin puller 2. Figure 5 As shown, the adjustment assembly 5 includes an adjustment nut 51 , a lock nut 52 , an adjustment tray 53 , and a pin screw 54 .

[0047] The adjustment tray 53 is composed of a tray and a column. The lower surface of the tray is pressed against the mounting surface of the mechanism body, so that the tray is fixedly attached to the mounting surface of the mechanism body. The column passes through the mechanism body, and there is no rigid connection between the column and the mechanism body. The inner side of the column is provided with a thread, and the diameter of the internal cavity is the same as the diameter of the screw of the adjustment nut 51.

[0048] The head of the adjusting nut 51 is attached to the bottom surface of the pin puller body 22, and the screw rod is provided with an external thread corresponding to the inner thread of the column, and is threadedly connected, and the screw rod is placed in the cavity of the adjusting tray 53. The adjusting nut 51 rotates in the adjusting tray 53 to tighten the pin puller, and a certain pre-tightening torque is applied to the head of the adjusting nut 51, so as to achieve a controllable tightening force on the pin puller.

[0049] The anti-loosening nut 52 is located on the screw of the adjusting nut 51. By rotating the internal thread of the anti-loosening nut 52 and the screw thread of the adjusting nut 51, the anti-loosening nut 52 is rotated downward to the top of the column of the adjusting tray 53, and the appropriate torque is continued to be applied. At this point, the locking and anti-loosening between the adjusting nut 51 and the adjusting tray 53 are achieved to prevent the loosening of the thread under the action of the mechanical environment from causing the preload force to change.

[0050] The pin screw 54, such as Figure 6 As shown, it is used to limit the relative rotation between the adjustment tray and the mechanism body, and its threaded end 541 is installed on the mechanism body, and the pin end 542 penetrates into the adjustment tray 53, constraining the adjustment tray 53 along its own rotation axis direction, while the radial freedom of movement of the adjustment tray 53 is not constrained.

[0051] Pin puller pressing sleeve 3, such as Figure 7 As shown, the pin puller body 22 is fastened by fixing two identical pin puller clamping sleeves. The pin puller clamping sleeve 3 is provided with two arc structures, and the two pin puller clamping sleeves 3 are fastened with the pin puller body 22. Two pairs of opposite arc structures form two hole features, and the hole features cooperate with the outer cylindrical surface of the pin puller body 22 to achieve reliable fastening of the mating surface and improve the constraint stiffness of the pin puller body 22. At the same time, a solid lubricating film is plated on the surface of the hole feature to control the friction coefficient between the hole feature surface and the pin puller body 22. Reasonable control of the friction coefficient can make the unlocking impact energy frictionally consumed at the mating surface. In addition, four adjustment gaskets 4 are placed between the gaps on both sides of the two pin puller clamping sleeves 3, and then the screws and nuts that fix the two pin puller clamping sleeves 3 are tightened to deform the parts of the two pin puller clamping sleeves 3 located at the gap to achieve a fastening effect. By changing the thickness of the adjustment gasket 4, the deformation of the two pin puller clamping sleeves 3 when they are compressed by the screw nut can be limited, thereby controlling the degree of tightening of the two on the pin puller, and realizing the controllable axial sliding force of the pin puller 2. The thickness of the adjustment gasket 4 can be adjusted according to the use requirements. It is equivalent to controlling the degree of tightening. The pin puller clamping sleeve is fixedly connected to the mechanism body to achieve further fixed constraint.

[0052] When the pin puller 2 performs the unlocking operation, the piston rod 21 retracts into the pin puller body 22 to unlock the movable parts of the mechanism. The piston rod 21 hits the bottom of the pin puller body 22 at high speed to produce a huge impact. The pin puller body 22 rubs and slides with the pin puller pressing sleeve 3 under the action of recoil, which can consume part of the impact force. The other part of the impact force is transmitted downward. Since the adjustment component 5 has no rigid connection with the mechanism body, the impact force will not be directly transmitted to the mechanism body through the adjustment component 5, but will be transmitted to the installation surface of the mechanism body through the adjustment component 5, thereby protecting the sensitive parts on the mechanism body.

[0053] Experiments show that by rationally configuring the torque applied by the adjusting nut 51 and the anti-loosening nut 52 and adjusting the thickness of the gasket 4, the pin puller's tightening force and the pin puller's buckling sliding force can be controlled, thereby controlling the pre-tightening force on the mechanism's moving parts, and at the same time effectively reducing the impact level on the mechanism's main body by about 40%.

[0054] The assembly method of the low-impact locking and releasing device with adjustable preload force comprises:

[0055] First, the pin puller locking sleeve 1 is installed on the movable part of the mechanism that needs to be locked.

[0056] Secondly, the adjustment assembly 5 is installed on the mechanism body in a separated state, the adjustment tray 53 is pressed downward against the installation surface of the mechanism body, and the pin screw 54 is installed to limit the rotation of the adjustment tray 53 along the axis.

[0057] Rotate the adjustment nut 51 to adjust it to a lower position, so that the pin puller 2 is in a vertical state, align the pin puller piston rod 21 with the installed pin puller locking sleeve 1 on the same central axis, and make it fit securely, then screw up the adjustment nut 51 so that the adjustment tray 53 is against the bottom of the pin puller body 22, and use an open-end torque wrench to apply a torque of 6±0.5Nm on the adjustment tray, thereby providing the required axial preload for the pin puller 2, and achieving controllable compression of the preload force of the movable parts. Rotate the anti-loosening nut 52 downward and tighten it with the adjustment tray 53, use a torque wrench to apply a preload force of 6±0.5Nm to the anti-loosening nut 52, and lock the thread pair between the adjustment tray 53 and the adjustment nut 51 to prevent the preload force from changing due to thread loosening under the action of the mechanical environment.

[0058] Finally, the two pin puller pressing sleeves 3 are buckled to the pin puller body 22, and the adjustment gasket 4 matching the pin puller body 22 is inserted between the two pin puller pressing sleeves 3, and then fixed with screws and nuts to ensure that the pin puller pressing sleeves 3 and the pin puller body 22 are tightly embraced. The two pin puller pressing sleeves 3 are connected to the mechanism body by screws.

[0059] The embodiments described above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention. Common changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0060] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A low-impact locking and releasing device with adjustable preload force, used for locking and unlocking a space mechanism product, wherein the space mechanism product comprises a mechanism body and a movable part of the mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a pin puller locking sleeve, a pin puller, a pin puller pressing sleeve, an adjustment gasket, and an adjustment component; wherein the pin puller locking sleeve, the pin puller, and the adjustment component are arranged from top to bottom and are located on the same central axis; The pin puller locking sleeve is installed on the movable part of the mechanism; The pin puller is composed of a piston rod and a pin puller body, and the piston rod is pushed into the locking sleeve of the pin puller; The pin puller pressing sleeve is used to fix the pin puller body, and the pin puller body is fastened and fixed by two identical pin puller pressing sleeves; The adjusting gasket is installed between the two pin puller pressing sleeves to control the degree of tightening of the two pin puller pressing sleeves on the pin puller; The adjusting assembly is placed on the bottom of the pin puller body; by adjusting its own height, it provides axial preload force for the pin puller; the adjusting assembly includes an adjusting nut, an adjusting tray, and a pin screw; The adjustment tray is composed of a tray and a column. The tray is placed on the bottom of the mechanism body, and the column passes through the mechanism body. There is no rigid connection between the column and the mechanism body. The diameter of the cavity inside the column is the same as the diameter of the screw of the adjustment nut. The inner side of the column is provided with a thread. The head of the adjusting nut is attached to the bottom surface of the pin puller body, the screw rod is provided with an external thread corresponding to the inner thread of the column, and the screw rod is placed in the cavity of the adjusting tray; by rotating the adjusting nut screw rod, the pin puller is tightened, and a certain pre-tightening torque is applied to the head of the adjusting nut, so as to realize controllable tightening of the pin puller; The pin screw is used to limit the relative rotation between the adjusting tray and the mechanism body. The threaded portion of the pin screw is installed on the mechanism body, and the pin end of the pin screw penetrates into the adjusting tray.

2. The low-impact locking and separation device with adjustable preload force according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spatial mechanism product is provided with a mechanism body mounting surface, and the bottom of the tray of the adjustment tray is pressed against the mechanism body mounting surface.

3. The low-impact locking and releasing device with adjustable preload force according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly also includes a locking nut, which is located on the screw of the adjustment nut. The locking and anti-loosening between the adjustment nut and the adjustment tray are achieved through rotational adjustment between the internal thread of the locking nut and the screw thread of the adjustment nut.

4. The low-impact locking and releasing device with adjustable preload force according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin puller clamping sleeve is provided with two arc structures, and the two pin puller clamping sleeves are buckled with the pin puller, and the two hole features formed by the facing arc structures cooperate with the pin puller body to achieve reliable buckling of the matching surface.

5. The low-impact locking and separation device with adjustable preload force according to claim 4, characterized in that: A solid lubricating film is plated on the characteristic surface of the hole of the pin puller compression sleeve to control the friction coefficient between the characteristic surface of the hole and the pin puller body.

6. The low-impact locking and releasing device with adjustable preload force according to claim 1, characterized in that: By adjusting the thickness of the adjusting gasket, the deformation amount of the two pin puller pressing sleeves during pressing is limited, so that the axial sliding force of the pin puller can be controlled.

7. The low-impact locking and releasing device with adjustable preload force according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin puller locking sleeve includes a tapered hole feature and a columnar hole feature, and the piston rod of the pin puller has a tapered feature and a columnar feature coupled with the tapered hole feature and the columnar hole feature of the pin puller locking sleeve.

8. The low-impact locking and releasing device with adjustable preload force according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tapered hole characteristic surface and the column hole characteristic surface of the pin puller locking sleeve and the surface of the piston rod of the pin puller are coated with lubricant or plated with a solid lubricating film to reduce friction and prevent cold welding.

9. An assembly method of the low-impact locking and releasing device with adjustable preload force as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: (S1) Installing the pin puller locking sleeve on the movable part of the mechanism that requires locking; (S2) the adjustment assembly is installed on the mechanism body in a separated state, the tray of the adjustment tray is placed on the bottom surface of the mechanism body, and the pin screw is installed to limit the rotation of the adjustment tray along the axis; (S3) rotating the adjusting nut of the adjusting assembly to a lower position, placing the pin puller in place and aligning it with the matching hole of the pin puller locking sleeve, and then screwing the adjusting nut up to apply a certain torque to the adjusting nut; (S4) Rotate the anti-loosening nut of the adjustment assembly downward to apply a certain torque and tighten it to the adjustment tray, thereby locking the threaded connection between the adjustment tray and the adjustment nut; (S5) The two pin puller clamping sleeves are buckled to the pin puller, and an adjustment gasket is inserted between the two pin puller clamping sleeves to fix the connection; and the two pin puller clamping sleeves are fixedly connected to the mechanism body.

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