A machine for unloading, grouping and palletizing lime-sand bricks

Abstract

The present invention provides an integrated machine for unloading, grouping and palletizing grey sand bricks, which comprises an unloading mechanism including a pallet conveying line and a brick separating component. Among them, the pallet conveying line is used for conveying pallets; the brick separating component includes a closing device and a separating device. A fixing frame is arranged above the pallet conveying line. The closing device is used for closing the initial brick stack on the pallet, and the separating device is used for layer-by-layer separating and transferring the closed brick stack; a grouping mechanism including a first conveying line and a second conveying line; a palletizing mechanism including a manipulator and a palletizing hole-making device. The palletizing hole-making device includes a hole-making component and a plurality of brick clamping components. The plurality of brick clamping components are used for clamping the brick layers on the second conveying line, and the hole-making component is used for enabling the plurality of brick clamping components to translate relatively in the horizontal direction. The present invention can realize the mechanized operations of unloading, grouping and palletizing grey sand bricks, with high separating, grouping and palletizing effects, neat palletizing, no need for manual palletizing to leave forklift holes, and reduced labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of brick production equipment, and particularly relates to an integrated machine for unloading, grouping, and palletizing lime-sand bricks. Background Art

[0002] When producing lime-sand bricks in existing brick factories, brick billets are stacked into stacks and fired in a brick kiln. The formed bricks are generally placed on a pallet. Usually, multiple layers of bricks are arranged vertically on one pallet to form a brick stack. As shown in Figure 1 , in each layer of the brick stack, there are multiple columns of bricks, and the gaps between columns are equal. The bricks in each column are close to each other in the thickness direction. To prevent the brick stack from collapsing, bricks with opposite directions are set on every certain number of brick layers. Specifically, several bricks with opposite directions are placed at both ends of each column of bricks. These bricks are close to each other in the thickness direction and in the length direction are close to the thickness direction of the bricks on each column. After the above-mentioned finished bricks are palletized on the pallet and before being warehoused, it is necessary to separate the bricks from the pallet, re-group and palletize them neatly, and leave a forklift hole during palletizing for easy forklift transfer, that is, the processes of separating bricks from the pallet and palletizing. This is convenient for the reuse of pallets and the packaging and transportation when selling bricks. At present, most of the processes of separating bricks from the pallet, grouping, palletizing, and leaving forklift holes are semi-automatic operations by manual or mechanical equipment. Workers separate the bricks from the pallet layer by layer manually, and then stack them manually into a stack before they can be packed and shipped. The production efficiency is very low and the labor cost is high. At the same time, when leaving a forklift hole at the lower side of the stack, manually leaving the hole and palletizing not only takes time and effort, but also it is difficult to stack the stack neatly. It is not beautiful and has certain potential safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides an integrated machine for unloading, grouping, and palletizing lime-sand bricks to solve the problems of low efficiency in manually separating bricks from the pallet, grouping and palletizing, difficulty in neatly palletizing the stack, and time-consuming and laborious in manually leaving forklift holes.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: The present invention provides an integrated machine for unloading, grouping, and palletizing lime-sand bricks, including an unloading mechanism, a grouping mechanism, and a palletizing mechanism. Among them,

[0005] The unloading mechanism includes a pallet conveyor line and a brick separating component. Among them,

[0006] The pallet conveyor line extends along the length direction and is used for transporting pallets;

[0007] The brick separating component includes a fixing frame, a closing device, and a separating device. The fixing frame is arranged above the pallet conveyor line. The closing device is arranged on the top of the fixing frame and is used for closing the initial brick stack on the pallet. The separating device is arranged on the top of the fixing frame on one side of the closing device along the transmission direction of the pallet conveyor line and is used for layer-by-layer separating and transporting the closed brick stack;

[0008] The grouping mechanism includes a first conveyor line and a second conveyor line. The first end of the first conveyor line is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame. The second end of the first conveyor line is connected to the first end of the second conveyor line. The transmission direction of the first conveyor line is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the pallet conveyor line. The transmission direction of the second conveyor line is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the first conveyor line. The first conveyor line is used to receive the brick layers transported by the separation device and transfer the brick layers to the second conveyor line.

[0009] The palletizing mechanism includes a manipulator and a palletizing hole - leaving device connected to the manipulator. The palletizing hole - leaving device includes a hole - leaving component and a plurality of brick - clamping components. The plurality of brick - clamping components are arranged at horizontal intervals and are used to clamp the brick layers at the second end of the second conveyor line. The hole - leaving component is arranged between the plurality of brick - clamping components and is used to make the plurality of brick - clamping components translate relative to each other in the horizontal direction.

[0010] On the basis of the above - mentioned technical solution, preferably, the closing device includes a fixed frame, a first telescopic element, a flat - pushing plate and a second telescopic element. Among them,

[0011] The fixed frame is horizontally arranged above the pallet conveyor line;

[0012] The fixed end of the first telescopic element is fixedly installed at the top of the fixed frame, and its telescopic end is vertically downward and fixedly connected to the fixed frame;

[0013] There are a pair of flat - pushing plates, which are respectively arranged inside a set of opposite sides of the fixed frame;

[0014] The second telescopic element is arranged outside the fixed frame and is used to drive the flat - pushing plate to translate so as to apply a thrust to the end of the brick layer at the bottom of the original brick stack in the length direction of the bricks.

[0015] On the basis of the above - mentioned technical solution, preferably, the separation device includes an upper mounting frame, a lower mounting frame, a third telescopic element, a first jaw and a second jaw. Among them,

[0016] A first slide rail is arranged on the top surface of the fixed frame. A first roller and a first driving module are arranged on the upper mounting frame. The first roller is connected to the first slide rail, and the first driving module is used to drive the first roller to translate along the first slide rail;

[0017] The lower mounting frame is horizontally arranged below the upper mounting frame;

[0018] The third telescopic element is arranged between the upper mounting frame and the lower mounting frame and is used to drive the lower mounting frame to move up and down relative to the upper mounting frame;

[0019] There are multiple sets of first jaws. The multiple sets of first jaws are arranged at horizontal intervals at the bottom of the lower mounting frame and are respectively used to clamp the two - side ends of each column of bricks in the brick layer;

[0020] The second jaw is arranged on a pair of opposite sides of the lower mounting frame and is used to clamp the end faces of the bricks at both ends in the brick layer.

[0021] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the first conveyor line includes a first conveyor frame, a conveyor platform and a pushing and rotating mechanism, wherein,

[0022] The first end of the first conveyor frame is slidably arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame, and the second end of the first conveyor frame is slidably arranged on the second conveyor line;

[0023] The conveyor platform is laid along the length direction of the first conveyor frame, and a plurality of translation through grooves are equidistantly arranged in the width direction of the conveyor platform;

[0024] The pushing and rotating mechanism includes a fixed cross beam, a pushing rod, a fourth telescopic element, a second slide rail and a second driving module. The second slide rail is horizontally arranged on the side wall of the first conveyor frame and extends along the length direction of the first conveyor frame. The fixed cross beam is horizontally arranged in the first conveyor frame, and its two ends are respectively slidably connected through the second slide rail. A support rod is horizontally arranged above the fixed cross beam. A plurality of pushing rods are arranged, and their upper ends are respectively vertically inserted into the translation through grooves, and their lower ends are fixedly connected to the support rod. The fixed end of the fourth telescopic element is arranged on the fixed cross beam, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the support rod. The second driving module is used to drive the fixed cross beam to translate along the second slide rail.

[0025] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the second conveyor line includes a second conveyor frame, a chain plate, a sprocket chain transmission mechanism and a roller platform, wherein,

[0026] The first end of the second conveyor frame is butted against the second end of the first conveyor frame, and the first conveyor frame is slidably connected to the second conveyor frame;

[0027] The chain plate is laid on the second conveyor frame;

[0028] The sprocket chain transmission mechanism is used to drive the chain plate to circulate and drive along the second conveyor frame;

[0029] The roller platform is horizontally arranged at the second end of the second conveyor frame.

[0030] Furthermore, preferably, a fifth telescopic element is further arranged between the fixed frame and the first conveyor frame, and the fifth telescopic element is used to separate or approach the first conveyor frame relative to the second conveyor frame.

[0031] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the palletizing hole - leaving device further includes a mounting frame, and a plurality of brick - clamping components are horizontally arranged at intervals at the bottom of the mounting frame. The brick - clamping component includes a third slide rail, a first slider, a first clamping piece, a second clamping piece and a clamping cylinder. Among them, the first clamping piece and the second clamping piece are respectively slidably arranged at the bottoms of both ends of the third slide rail through the first slider, the clamping cylinder is horizontally arranged between the first clamping piece and the second clamping piece, the fixed end of the clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first clamping piece, and the telescopic end of the clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the second clamping piece.

[0032] Furthermore, preferably, the brick - clamping component further includes a connecting - rod assembly. The connecting - rod assembly includes a first hinge rod, a second hinge rod, a third hinge rod and a hinge seat. The hinge seat is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the third slide rail. The middle part of the third hinge rod is hinge - connected to the hinge seat. Both ends of the third hinge rod are respectively hinge - connected to one end of the first hinge rod and one end of the second hinge rod. The other end of the first hinge rod is hinge - connected to the upper end of the first clamping piece, and the other end of the second hinge rod is hinge - connected to the upper end of the second clamping piece.

[0033] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the hole - leaving component includes a translation cylinder, a first linkage, a second linkage and a third linkage. A fourth slide rail is arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame. The fourth slide rail is perpendicular to the third slide rail. The third slide rail and the fourth slide rail are slidably connected through a second slider. The translation cylinder is arranged between the first brick - clamping component and the third brick - clamping component. Among them, the fixed end of the translation cylinder is fixedly connected to the third brick - clamping component, the telescopic end of the translation cylinder is fixedly connected to the first brick - clamping component. A first linkage is arranged between the first brick - clamping component and the second brick - clamping component. One end of the first linkage is fixedly connected to the first brick - clamping component, and the other end of the first linkage is movably connected to the second brick - clamping component. A second linkage is arranged between the second brick - clamping component and the third brick - clamping component. One end of the second linkage is fixedly connected to the second brick - clamping component, and the other end of the second linkage is movably connected to the third brick - clamping component. The third linkage is fixedly connected between the third brick - clamping component and the fourth brick - clamping component.

[0034] Preferably, two groups of palletizing hole - leaving devices are symmetrically arranged on the robot arm.

[0035] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0036] (1) The brick unloading, grouping and stacking integrated machine for lime sand bricks disclosed by the present invention can convey the brick stacks placed on the pallet to the lower part of the brick unloading mechanism through the pallet conveying line. The initial brick stack is neatly closed in the horizontal direction through the closing device, and then the closed brick stack is layer-by-layer separated and transferred to the first conveying line through the separation device, and is conveyed to the second conveying line by the first conveying line for horizontal grouping of brick layers. The grouped horizontal brick layers can be clamped by a plurality of brick clamping components and re-stacked by a manipulator. During the stacking process, the brick clamping components are driven to translate in the horizontal direction by the hole leaving component, so that the brick clamping components are horizontally separated after clamping each column of bricks, thereby realizing the leaving of forklift holes at the bottom of the brick stack. The present invention can realize the mechanized operation of lime sand bricks from unloading, grouping to stacking, with high separation, grouping and stacking efficiency, neat stacking, no need for manual stacking to leave forklift hole positions, and reduced labor intensity;

[0037] (2) By slidingly arranging the two ends of the first conveying line on the fixed frame and the second conveying line respectively, the fifth telescopic element can be used to drive the first conveying frame to separate from the second conveying frame, so as to disconnect and group the brick layers flowing from the first conveying line to the second conveying line. The above implementation method has a simple structure and strong applicability;

[0038] (3) The hole leaving component is provided with a translation cylinder, a first linkage, a second linkage and a third linkage. When the translation cylinder pushes the first brick clamping component, the third brick clamping component is driven to move away from the first brick clamping component through the reaction force. At the same time, under the action of the first linkage and the second linkage, the coordinated translation between three consecutive brick clamping components is maintained, so as to keep two forklift holes with the same width left between three consecutive brick clamping components. Description of the Drawings

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the initial brick stack disclosed by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the brick unloading, grouping and stacking integrated machine for lime sand bricks disclosed by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the brick unloading mechanism disclosed by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the closing device and the separation device disclosed by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the marshaling mechanism disclosed in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first conveying line disclosed in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the palletizing mechanism disclosed in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stacking hole leaving device disclosed in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting rod assembly disclosed in the present invention;

[0049] Figure ID:

[0050] 1. Brick unloading mechanism; 3. Grouping mechanism; 4. Stacking mechanism; 11. Pallet conveyor line; 12. Brick separation assembly; 13. Fixed frame; 14. Closing device; 15. Separation device; 31. First conveyor line; 32. Second conveyor line; 40. Manipulator; 43. Stacking hole device; 42. Hole assembly; 41. Brick clamping assembly; 141. Fixed frame; 142. First telescopic element; 143. Flat push plate; 144. Second telescopic element; 151. Upper mounting frame; 152. Lower mounting frame; 153. Third telescopic element; 154. First clamping claw; 155. Second clamping claw; 1511. First roller; 1512. First driving module; 131. First slide rail; 311. First conveyor frame; 312. Conveying platform; 313. Pushing and turning mechanism; 3121. Translation slot; 3 131. Fixed crossbeam; 3132. Push rod; 3133. Fourth telescopic element; 3134. Second slide rail; 3135. Second drive module; 3136. Support rod; 321. Second conveyor frame; 322. Chain plate; 323. Sprocket chain transmission mechanism; 324. Roller platform; 33. Fifth telescopic element; 44. Mounting frame; 441. Fourth slide rail; 411. Third slide rail; 412. First slider; 413. First clamp; 415. Second clamp; 414. Clamping cylinder; 417. Second slider; 416. Connecting rod assembly; 4161. First hinge rod; 4162. Second hinge rod; 4163. Third hinge rod; 4164. Articulated seat; 431. Translation cylinder; 422. First linkage member; 423. Second linkage member; 424. Third linkage member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Next, in combination with the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0052] As Figure 2 shown, in combination with Figure 7 , an embodiment of the present invention discloses a gray sand brick unloading, grouping and palletizing integrated machine, which includes an unloading mechanism 1, a grouping mechanism 3 and a palletizing mechanism 4.

[0053] The unloading mechanism 1 is used to separate the brick stacks on the pallet layer by layer. The unloading mechanism 1 includes a pallet conveyor line 11 and a brick separating component 12.

[0054] Among them, the pallet conveyor line 11 extends along the length direction and is used to transport the pallet. That is, the brick stack formed by placing the gray sand bricks on the pallet will be horizontally transported along the pallet conveyor line 11 and pass through the brick separating component 12 in sequence.

[0055] The brick separating component 12 is used to separate the brick stack layer by layer. Specifically, it includes a fixed frame 13, a closing device 14 and a separating device 15. The fixed frame 13 is arranged above the pallet conveyor line 11, and the closing device 14 is arranged on the top of the fixed frame 13 and is used to close the initial brick stack on the pallet. The separating device 15 is arranged on the top of the fixed frame 13 on one side of the closing device 14 along the transmission direction of the pallet conveyor line 11 and is used to layer-separate and transfer the closed brick stack.

[0056] The grouping mechanism 3 is used to disconnect the horizontal brick layers separated from the initial brick stack and re-group them into the required brick stack size. In this embodiment, since the brick separating component 12 is arranged on the pallet conveyor line 11, if the grouping mechanism 3 is arranged along the length direction of the pallet conveyor line 11, the entire gray sand brick production line will be too long and a large production site is required. Therefore, in this embodiment, by setting a first conveyor line 31 and a second conveyor line 32, the first end of the first conveyor line 31 is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame 13, the second end of the first conveyor line 31 is connected to the first end of the second conveyor line 32, the transmission direction of the first conveyor line 31 is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the pallet conveyor line 11, and the transmission direction of the second conveyor line 32 is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the first conveyor line 31. The first conveyor line 31 is used to receive the brick layers transferred from the separating device 15 and transfer the brick layers to the second conveyor line 32. With this setting, by setting the first conveyor line 31 and the second conveyor line 32, the transmission direction of the gray sand brick production line can be adjusted to avoid a production line being arranged in a straight line and occupying space. At the same time, by setting the first conveyor line 31 and the second conveyor line 32, the horizontal brick layers can be disconnected and grouped during transfer.

[0057] The palletizing mechanism 4 is used to re-stack and palletize the horizontally arranged brick layers after grouping, and leave forklift holes during the palletizing process. The palletizing mechanism 4 in this embodiment includes a manipulator 40 and a palletizing hole-leaving device 43 connected to the manipulator 40. The palletizing hole-leaving device 43 includes a hole-leaving component 42 and a plurality of brick-clamping components 41. The plurality of brick-clamping components 41 are arranged at horizontal intervals and are used to clamp the brick layers at the second end of the second conveyor line 32. The hole-leaving component is arranged between the plurality of brick-clamping components 41 and is used to make the plurality of brick-clamping components 41 translate relative to each other in the horizontal direction.

[0058] Adopting the above technical solution, the pallet carrying the brick stack on the pallet can be conveyed to the lower part of the brick unloading mechanism 1 through the pallet conveyor line 11. The initial brick stack is neatly closed in the horizontal direction through the closing device 14, and then the closed brick stack is separated layer by layer through the separating device 15 and transferred to the first conveyor line 31, and is conveyed by the first conveyor line 31 to the second conveyor line 32 for horizontal grouping of the brick layers. The grouped horizontal brick layers can be clamped by the plurality of brick-clamping components 41, and re-stacked and palletized by the manipulator 40. During the palletizing process, the brick-clamping components 41 are driven to translate in the horizontal direction by the hole-leaving component 42, so that the brick-clamping components 41 are horizontally separated after clamping each column of bricks, thereby realizing leaving a forklift hole at the bottom of the brick stack. The present invention can realize the mechanized operation of unloading, grouping and palletizing of sand-lime bricks, with high separation, grouping and palletizing efficiency, neat palletizing, no need for manual palletizing to leave forklift holes, and reduced labor intensity.

[0059] Since each layer of the initial brick stack is arranged with multiple columns of bricks, the gaps between the columns are equal, and the bricks in each column are close to each other in the thickness direction. Therefore, to realize closing the brick stack and eliminating the gaps between the brick columns, refer to the attached Figure 3-4 As shown, the technical solution disclosed in this embodiment is that the closing device 14 includes a fixed frame 141, a first telescopic element 142, a flat pushing plate 143 and a second telescopic element 144.

[0060] Among them, the fixed frame 141 is horizontally arranged above the pallet conveyor line 11. More specifically, the position of the fixed frame 141 is fixed, and the pallets carrying the brick stacks on the pallet conveyor line 11 flow under the fixed frame 141 in turn.

[0061] The fixed end of the first telescopic element 142 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed frame 141, and its telescopic end is vertically downward and fixedly connected to the fixed frame 141; the height of the fixed frame 141 relative to the fixed frame 13 in the vertical direction is adjusted by the elongation or shortening of the telescopic end of the first telescopic element 142.

[0062] There are a pair of flat pushing plates 143, which are respectively arranged inside a set of opposite sides of the fixed frame 141; specifically, the two sets of flat pushing plates 143 respectively correspond to the length direction of the bricks in the brick layer.

[0063] A second telescopic element 144 is arranged outside the fixed frame 141 and is used to drive the flat push plate 143 to translate, so as to apply a thrust to the end of the brick layer at the bottom of the original brick stack in the length direction of the bricks.

[0064] With the above technical solution, when the original brick stack flows to directly below the fixed frame 141, the pallet conveying line 11 stops running. The fixed frame 141 is driven by the first telescopic element 142 to move downward, so that the fixed frame 141 is horizontally located at the bottommost layer of the brick stack. The flat push plate 143 is driven by the second telescopic element 144 to slowly translate. When the brick columns at the bottom layer of the brick stack are closed to each other, the upper brick layers are driven to close, eliminating the gaps between the brick columns, and thus realizing the closing of the entire brick stack.

[0065] It should be noted that when the lower bricks are slowly closed, the upper brick layers are driven to slowly close, and the translation speed should be as small as possible to avoid the collapse of the upper brick layers.

[0066] After the brick stack is closed, the fixed frame 141 resets upward, and the brick stack continues to flow downward along the pallet conveying line 11 on the pallet. When the brick stack flows to below the separating device 15, the pallet conveying line 11 stops running, and the separating device 15 separates the brick stack layer by layer.

[0067] Refer to the attached Figure 3-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the separating device 15 includes an upper mounting frame 151, a lower mounting frame 152, a third telescopic element 153, a first jaw 154 and a second jaw 155.

[0068] A first slide rail 131 is arranged on the top surface of the fixed frame 13. A first roller 1511 and a first driving module 1512 are arranged on the upper mounting frame 151. The first roller 1511 is connected to the first slide rail 131, and the first driving module 1512 is used to drive the first roller 1511 to translate along the first slide rail 131. With this setting, the first driving module 1512 can drive the first roller 1511 to linearly move on the first slide rail 131, and then move the entire separating device 15 from above the brick stack to the first conveying line 31. In this embodiment, the first driving module 1512 is a motor-driven sprocket and chain transmission mechanism.

[0069] The lower mounting frame 152 is horizontally arranged below the upper mounting frame 151;

[0070] The third telescopic element 153 is arranged between the upper mounting frame 151 and the lower mounting frame 152 and is used to drive the lower mounting frame 152 to move up and down relative to the upper mounting frame 151;

[0071] A plurality of groups of first jaws 154 are arranged, and the plurality of groups of first jaws 154 are horizontally arranged at intervals at the bottom of the lower mounting frame 152 and are respectively used to clamp the two side surfaces of each column of bricks in the brick layer.

[0072] The second gripper 155 is arranged on a pair of opposite sides of the lower mounting bracket 152 and is used to grip the end faces of the bricks at both ends in the brick layer.

[0073] With the above technical solution, multiple groups of the first grippers 154 grip the side faces at both ends of each column of bricks respectively, and the second gripper 155 grips the end faces of the bricks at both ends in the brick layer. The first gripper 154 and the second gripper 155 are used in cooperation to grip the brick layer in four directions and maintain stable gripping. The lower mounting bracket 152 is driven by the third telescopic element 153 to move up and down relative to the upper mounting bracket 151, so as to grip each layer of bricks in the brick stack in the vertical direction, and then horizontally move above the first conveyor line 31 and place the separated brick layer on the first conveyor line 31.

[0074] It should be noted that, in order to prevent the bricks in the brick stack from falling, bricks with opposite directions are arranged on the brick layers at certain intervals. Specifically, several bricks with opposite directions are placed at both ends of each column of bricks. The bricks in this part are close to each other in the thickness direction and the length direction is close to the thickness direction of the bricks on each column of bricks. The bricks at both ends of the brick column can be transferred to the first conveyor line 31 manually or by other brick-gripping devices. The present invention does not make specific limitations on this.

[0075] Refer to the attached Figure 5-6 As shown, as some preferred embodiments, the first conveyor line 31 includes a first conveyor frame 311, a conveyor platform 312 and a brick-pushing mechanism 313.

[0076] Among them, the first end of the first conveyor frame 311 is slidably arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame 13, and the second end of the first conveyor frame 311 is slidably arranged on the second conveyor line 32;

[0077] The conveyor platform 312 is laid along the length direction of the first conveyor frame 311, and a plurality of translation through grooves 3121 are arranged at equal intervals in the width direction of the conveyor platform 312;

[0078] The pushing and rotating mechanism 313 includes a fixed cross beam 3131, a pushing rod 3132, a fourth telescopic element 3133, a second slide rail 3134 and a second driving module 3135. The second slide rail 3134 is horizontally arranged on the side wall of the first conveyor rack 311 and extends along the length direction of the first conveyor rack 311. The fixed cross beam 3131 is horizontally arranged in the first conveyor rack 311, and its two ends are respectively slidably connected to the second slide rail 3134. A support rod 3136 is horizontally arranged above the fixed cross beam 3131. A plurality of pushing rods 3132 are arranged, and their upper ends are respectively vertically inserted into the translation through slots 3121, and their lower ends are fixedly connected to the support rod 3136. The fixed end of the fourth telescopic element 3133 is arranged on the fixed cross beam 3131, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the support rod 3136. The second driving module 3135 is used to drive the fixed cross beam 3131 to translate along the second slide rail 3134.

[0079] Adopting the above technical solution, the separating device 15 separates and transfers the brick layers on the brick stack to the conveying platform 312 one by one from top to bottom. At the same time, the columns in the brick layer are all parallel to the translation through slots 3121. The fourth telescopic element 3133 drives the support rod 3136 to move upward along the fixed cross beam 3131. The support rod 3136 drives a plurality of pushing rods 3132 to vertically pass through the translation through slots 3121 to abut against the end side of the brick column. The second driving module 3135 drives the fixed cross beam 3131 to move along the second slide rail 3134 to drive the support rod 3136 to translate the horizontal brick layer, and then push the horizontal brick layer onto the second conveying line 32. In this embodiment, the second driving module 3135 is a motor-driven sprocket and chain transmission mechanism.

[0080] Since the volume of the original brick stack is large and the volume of the re-stacked brick stack is small, it is necessary to group the stacked brick layers so that they are arranged in the horizontal direction according to the specified number of bricks. Also, since the separating device 15 will continuously transfer the brick layers to the first conveying line 31, these brick layers will come together during the horizontal pushing process. In order to group these brick layers, in this embodiment, by arranging the second conveying line 32 at the second end of the first conveying line 31, the brick layers can be disconnected when they are conveyed to the first conveying line 31.

[0081] Specifically, the second conveying line 32 of this embodiment includes a second conveying rack 321, a chain plate 322, a sprocket and chain transmission mechanism 323 and a roller platform 324, wherein,

[0082] The first end of the second conveying rack 321 is butted against the second end of the first conveying rack 311, and the first conveying rack 311 is slidably connected to the second conveying rack 321;

[0083] The chain plate 322 is laid on the second conveyor frame 321 and is used to carry the brick layer. Since the contact area between the chain plate 322 and the bricks is large, the bricks can be prevented from slipping on the chain plate 322.

[0084] The sprocket and chain drive mechanism 323 is used to drive the chain plate 322 to circulate along the second conveyor frame 321.

[0085] The roller platform 324 is horizontally arranged at the second end of the second conveyor frame 321.

[0086] With the above technical solution, the brick layer conveyed from the first conveyor line 31 to the second conveyor line 32 moves forward along the chain plate 322 under the drive of the sprocket and chain, and moves onto the roller platform 324. After the grouped brick layer flows past the roller platform 324, it stops flowing and is ready for re-palletizing by the palletizing mechanism 4.

[0087] In order to achieve the disconnection and grouping when the brick layer on the first conveyor line 31 is conveyed onto the second conveyor line 32.

[0088] The solution adopted in this embodiment is as follows: A fifth telescopic element 33 is further provided between the fixed frame 13 and the first conveyor frame 311. The fifth telescopic element 33 is used to separate or approach the first conveyor frame 311 relative to the second conveyor frame 321. With this setting, when the brick layer on the first conveyor line 31 is pushed flat onto the second conveyor line 32, the second conveyor line 32 does not operate. Since the second end of the first conveyor frame is docked with the first end of the second conveyor frame 321, when the brick layer is pushed flat onto the second conveyor frame 321, when the number of bricks in each column of the brick layer reaches the grouping number, the brick layer on the first conveyor frame 311 stops pushing forward flat. The fifth telescopic element 33 drives the first conveyor frame 311 to separate a small distance relative to the second conveyor frame 321, so as to disconnect the bricks at the junction of the first conveyor frame 311 and the second conveyor member. Then the second conveyor line 32 operates to convey the grouped brick layer onto the roller platform 324 for re-palletizing and packing by the palletizing mechanism 4.

[0089] As some preferred embodiments, referring to the appendix Figure 8-9As shown, the brick stacking hole - leaving device 43 further includes a mounting frame 44. A plurality of brick - clamping components 41 are horizontally arranged at intervals at the bottom of the mounting frame 44. The brick - clamping component 41 includes a third slide rail 411, a first slider 412, a first clamping piece 413, a second clamping piece 415 and a clamping cylinder 414. Among them, the first clamping piece 413 and the second clamping piece 415 are respectively slidably arranged at the bottom ends of both sides of the third slide rail 411 through the first slider 412. The clamping cylinder 414 is horizontally arranged between the first clamping piece 413 and the second clamping piece 415. The fixed end of the clamping cylinder 414 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first clamping piece 413, and the telescopic end of the clamping cylinder 414 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the second clamping piece 415. With this arrangement, a plurality of brick - clamping components 41 are linearly arranged at intervals at the bottom of the mounting frame 44. By driving the first clamping piece 413 and the second clamping piece 415 to cooperate with each other through the clamping cylinder 414, the two ends of each row of bricks in the brick layer are clamped. Multiple brick - clamping components 41 act synchronously, and the brick layer can be horizontally lifted. When the first clamping piece 413 and the second clamping piece 415 are clamping, through the first slider 412 on the third slide rail 411, the horizontal movement of the first clamping piece 413 and the second clamping piece 415 can be made more stable.

[0090] The brick - clamping component 41 further includes a connecting rod assembly 416. The connecting rod assembly 416 includes a first hinge rod 4161, a second hinge rod 4162, a third hinge rod 4163 and a hinge seat 4164. The hinge seat 4164 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the third slide rail 411. The middle part of the third hinge rod 4163 is hinge - connected to the hinge seat 4164. The two ends of the third hinge rod 4163 are respectively hinge - connected to one end of the first hinge rod 4161 and the second hinge rod 4162. The other end of the first hinge rod 4161 is hinge - connected to the upper end of the first clamping piece 413, and the other end of the second hinge rod 4162 is hinge - connected to the upper end of the second clamping piece 415. With this arrangement, the first hinge rod 4161 and the second hinge rod 4162 can limit the moving stroke of the first clamping piece 413 and the second clamping piece 415. When the piston rod of the clamping cylinder 414 pushes the first clamping piece 413 to move horizontally, the fixed end of the clamping cylinder 414 can be provided with a reaction force by the second clamping piece 415, thereby limiting the moving stroke of the clamping cylinder 414.

[0091] In order to form a forklift hole at the bottom of the brick stack, the hole-forming assembly 42 in this embodiment includes a translation cylinder 431, a first linkage 422, a second linkage 423 and a third linkage 424. A fourth slide rail 441 is provided at the bottom of the mounting frame 44. The fourth slide rail 441 is perpendicular to the third slide rail 411. The third slide rail 411 and the fourth slide rail 441 are slidably connected through a second slider 417. The translation cylinder 431 is arranged between the first brick clamping assembly 41 and the third brick clamping assembly 41. Among them, the fixed end of the translation cylinder 431 is fixedly connected to the third brick clamping assembly 41, and the telescopic end of the translation cylinder 431 is fixedly connected to the first brick clamping assembly 41. A first linkage 422 is arranged between the first brick clamping assembly 41 and the second brick clamping assembly 41. One end of the first linkage 422 is fixedly connected to the first brick clamping assembly 41, and the other end of the first linkage 422 is movably connected to the second brick clamping assembly 41. A second linkage 423 is arranged between the second brick clamping assembly 41 and the third brick clamping assembly 41. One end of the second linkage 423 is fixedly connected to the second brick clamping assembly 41, and the other end of the second linkage 423 is movably connected to the third brick clamping assembly 41. The third linkage 424 is fixedly connected between the third brick clamping assembly 41 and the fourth brick clamping assembly 41.

[0092] With such an arrangement, when the translation cylinder 431 pushes the first brick clamping assembly 41, the third brick clamping assembly 41 is driven away from the first brick clamping assembly 41 by the reaction force. At the same time, under the action of the first linkage 422 and the second linkage 423, the continuous three brick clamping assemblies 41 are kept moving in coordination, so as to keep two forklift hole positions with the same width left between the continuous three brick clamping assemblies 41. Specifically, one end of the first linkage 422 is fixedly connected to the third slide rail 411 on the first brick clamping assembly 41. A strip-shaped hole is provided at the other end of the first linkage 422. The third slide rail 411 on the second brick clamping assembly 41 is inserted into the strip-shaped hole at the other end of the first linkage 422 through a connecting screw. One end of the first linkage 422 is fixedly connected to the third slide rail 411 on the second brick clamping assembly 41. A strip-shaped hole is provided at the other end of the second linkage 423. The third slide rail 411 on the third brick clamping assembly 41 is inserted into the strip-shaped hole at the other end of the second linkage 423 through a connecting screw. In this way, when the third brick clamping assembly 41 separates from the first brick clamping assembly 41, through the first linkage 422 and the second linkage 423, the distances between the three brick clamping assemblies 41 in pairs can be made equal synchronously, thus leaving the forklift hole. At the same time, the third brick clamping assembly 41 and the fourth brick clamping assembly 41 are fixedly connected through the third linkage 424, so that the distances between all the brick clamping assemblies 41 can be made equal.

[0093] During the actual operation process, the distance between the brick clamping assemblies 41 is adjusted by the translation cylinder 431 so that the first clamping piece 413 and the second clamping piece 415 on each brick clamping assembly 41 are exactly opposite to both ends of each row of bricks. The brick layer is clamped by driving the first clamping piece 413 and the second clamping piece 415 through the clamping cylinder 414. Then, the manipulator 40 carries the palletizing with hole device 43 for re-palletizing. First, two layers of bricks are horizontally placed at the bottom layer of the brick stack. Then, the distance between the first brick clamping assembly 41 and the second brick clamping assembly 41 is adjusted through the hole leaving assembly 42. Then, the first brick clamping assembly 41, the second brick clamping assembly 41 and the third brick clamping assembly 41 clamp three rows of bricks and place them at the bottom layer of the brick stack to form a brick layer with a forklift hole.

[0094] The telescopic element disclosed in the above embodiment is a cylinder or an oil cylinder.

[0095] As some preferred embodiments, two groups of palletizing with hole devices 43 are symmetrically arranged on the manipulator 40. With this arrangement, the manipulator 40 can achieve fast and efficient palletizing through a 180° rotation.

[0096] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0097] The brick stack placed on the pallet can be conveyed to the lower part of the brick unloading mechanism 1 through the pallet conveying line 11. The initial brick stack is neatly closed in the horizontal direction through the closing device 14. Then, the closed brick stack is separated layer by layer through the separating device 15 and transferred to the first conveying line 31, and is conveyed by the first conveying line 31 to the second conveying line 32 for horizontal grouping of the brick layer. During the grouping process, by separating the first conveying line 31 and the second conveying line 32, when the first conveying line 31 conveys the brick layer to the second conveying line 32, the brick layer is disconnected and grouped. The grouped horizontal brick layer can be clamped by a plurality of brick clamping assemblies 41, and re-palletized by the manipulator 40. During the palletizing process, the brick clamping assemblies 41 are driven by the hole leaving assembly 42 to translate in the horizontal direction, so that the brick clamping assemblies 41 are horizontally separated after clamping each row of bricks, thereby realizing the leaving of a forklift hole at the bottom of the brick stack. The present invention can realize the mechanized operations of unloading, grouping and palletizing of lime sand bricks, with high separation, grouping and palletizing effects, neat palletizing, no need for manual palletizing to leave forklift hole positions, and reduced labor intensity.

[0098] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grey sand brick unloading, grouping and stacking integrated machine, characterized in that: It includes a brick unloading mechanism (1), a brick sorting component (12), a grouping mechanism (3) and a palletizing mechanism (4). Among them, The brick unloading mechanism (1) includes a pallet conveying line (11) and a brick sorting component (12). Among them, The pallet conveying line (11) extends along the length direction and is used for conveying pallets. The brick sorting component (12) includes a fixed frame (13), a closing device (14) and a separating device (15). The fixed frame (13) is arranged above the pallet conveying line (11), and the closing device (14) is arranged on the top of the fixed frame (13) and is used for closing the initial brick stack on the pallet. The separating device (15) is arranged on the top of the fixed frame (13) on one side of the closing device (14) along the conveying direction of the pallet conveying line (11) and is used for layer-by-layer separating and transferring the closed brick stack. The grouping mechanism (3) includes a first conveying line (31) and a second conveying line (32). The first end of the first conveying line (31) is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame (13), the second end of the first conveying line (31) is connected to the first end of the second conveying line (32), the conveying direction of the first conveying line (31) is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the pallet conveying line (11), the conveying direction of the second conveying line (32) is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the first conveying line (31), and the first conveying line (31) is used for receiving the brick layers transported by the separating device (15) and transferring the brick layers to the second conveying line (32). The palletizing mechanism (4) includes a manipulator (40) and a palletizing hole-making device (43) connected to the manipulator (40). The palletizing hole-making device (43) includes a hole-making component (42) and a plurality of brick clamping components (41). The plurality of brick clamping components (41) are arranged at horizontal intervals and are used for clamping the brick layers at the second end of the second conveying line (32). The hole-making component (42) is arranged between the plurality of brick clamping components (41) and is used for enabling the plurality of brick clamping components (41) to translate relative to each other in the horizontal direction. The first conveying line (31) includes a first conveying frame (311), a conveying platform (312) and a pushing and rotating mechanism (313). Among them, The first end of the first conveying frame (311) is slidably arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame (13), and the second end of the first conveying frame (311) is slidably arranged on the second conveying line (32). The conveying platform (312) is laid along the length direction of the first conveying frame (311), and a plurality of translation through grooves (3121) are arranged at equal intervals in the width direction of the conveying platform (312). The pushing and rotating mechanism (313) includes a fixed cross beam (3131), a pushing rod (3132), a fourth telescopic element (3133), a second slide rail (3134), and a second driving module (3135). The second slide rail (3134) is horizontally arranged on the side wall of the first conveyor frame (311) and extends along the length direction of the first conveyor frame (311). The fixed cross beam (3131) is horizontally arranged in the first conveyor frame (311), and both ends thereof are respectively slidably connected to the second slide rail (3134). A support rod (3136) is horizontally arranged above the fixed cross beam (3131). A plurality of pushing rods (3132) are provided, and the upper ends thereof are respectively vertically inserted into the translation through slots (3121), and the lower ends thereof are fixedly connected to the support rod (3136). The fixed end of the fourth telescopic element (3133) is arranged on the fixed cross beam (3131), and the telescopic end thereof is fixedly connected to the support rod (3136). The second driving module (3135) is used to drive the fixed cross beam (3131) to translate along the second slide rail (3134); The second conveyor line (32) includes a second conveyor frame (321), a chain plate (322), a sprocket and chain transmission mechanism (323), and a roller platform (324), wherein, The first end of the second conveyor frame (321) is butted against the second end of the first conveyor frame (311), and the first conveyor frame (311) is slidably connected to the second conveyor frame (321); The chain plate (322) is laid on the second conveyor frame (321); The sprocket and chain transmission mechanism (323) is used to drive the chain plate (322) to circulate and drive along the second conveyor frame (321); The roller platform (324) is horizontally arranged at the second end of the second conveyor frame (321); A fifth telescopic element (33) is further arranged between the fixed frame (13) and the first conveyor frame (311), and the fifth telescopic element (33) is used to separate or approach the first conveyor frame (311) relative to the second conveyor frame (321); Two groups of palletizing hole - leaving devices (43) are arranged on the opposite sides of the manipulator (40).

2. The grey sand brick unloading, grouping and palletizing integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein: The closing device (14) includes a fixed frame (141), a first telescopic element (142), a flat - pushing plate (143), and a second telescopic element (144), wherein, The fixed frame (141) is horizontally arranged above the pallet conveyor line (11); The fixed end of the first telescopic element (142) is fixedly installed at the top of the fixed frame (141), and the telescopic end thereof is vertically downward and fixedly connected to the fixed frame (141); A pair of flat - pushing plates (143) are provided and are respectively arranged inside a set of opposite sides of the fixed frame (141); The second telescopic element (144) is arranged outside the fixed frame (141) and is used to drive the flat - pushing plate (143) to translate so as to apply a thrust to the end of the brick layer at the bottom of the original brick stack in the length direction of the bricks.

3. The automatic brick unloading, grouping and stacking machine for lime sand bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separating device (15) includes an upper mounting frame (151), a lower mounting frame (152), a third telescopic element (153), a first jaw (154), and a second jaw (155), wherein, The top surface of the fixing frame (13) is provided with a first sliding rail (131). The upper mounting frame (151) is provided with a first roller (1511) and a first driving module (1512). The first roller (1511) is connected to the first sliding rail (131), and the first driving module (1512) is used to drive the first roller (1511) to translate along the first sliding rail (131). The lower mounting frame (152) is horizontally arranged below the upper mounting frame (151). A third telescopic element (153) is arranged between the upper mounting frame (151) and the lower mounting frame (152) and is used to drive the lower mounting frame (152) to move up and down relative to the upper mounting frame (151). A plurality of groups of first clamping jaws (154) are arranged. The plurality of groups of first clamping jaws (154) are horizontally arranged at intervals at the bottom of the lower mounting frame (152) and are respectively used to clamp the two side faces of each row of bricks in the brick layer. The second clamping jaws (155) are arranged on a pair of opposite sides of the lower mounting frame (152) and are used to clamp the end faces of the bricks at both ends in the brick layer.

4. The autoloader for unloading, grouping and palletizing lime-sand bricks according to claim 1, wherein: The brick stacking hole leaving device (43) further includes a mounting frame (44). A plurality of brick clamping assemblies (41) are horizontally arranged at intervals at the bottom of the mounting frame (44). The brick clamping assembly (41) includes a third sliding rail (411), a first slider (412), a first clamping piece (413), a second clamping piece (415) and a clamping cylinder (414). Among them, the first clamping piece (413) and the second clamping piece (415) are respectively slidably arranged at both ends of the bottom of the third sliding rail (411) through the first slider (412). The clamping cylinder (414) is horizontally arranged between the first clamping piece (413) and the second clamping piece (415). The fixed end of the clamping cylinder (414) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first clamping piece (413), and the telescopic end of the clamping cylinder (414) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the second clamping piece (415).

5. The grey sand brick unloading, sorting, and stacking integrated machine according to claim 4, wherein: The brick clamping assembly (41) further includes a connecting rod assembly (416). The connecting rod assembly (416) includes a first hinge rod (4161), a second hinge rod (4162), a third hinge rod (4163) and a hinge seat (4164). The hinge seat (4164) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the third sliding rail (411). The middle of the third hinge rod (4163) is hinged to the hinge seat (4164). Both ends of the third hinge rod (4163) are respectively hinged to one end of the first hinge rod (4161) and the second hinge rod (4162). The other end of the first hinge rod (4161) is hinged to the upper end of the first clamping piece (413), and the other end of the second hinge rod (4162) is hinged to the upper end of the second clamping piece (415).

6. The automatic unloading, sorting, and stacking machine for lime sand bricks according to claim 4, wherein: The hole-retaining component (42) includes a translation cylinder (431), a first linkage member (422), a second linkage member (423), and a third linkage member (424). A fourth slide rail (441) is provided at the bottom of the mounting bracket (44). The fourth slide rail (441) is perpendicular to the third slide rail (411). The third slide rail (411) and the fourth slide rail (441) are slidably connected by a second slider (417). The translation cylinder (431) is disposed between the first brick clamping component (41) and the third brick clamping component (41). Among them, the fixed end of the translation cylinder (431) is fixedly connected to the third brick clamping component (41), and the telescopic end of the translation cylinder (431) is fixedly connected to the first brick clamping component (41). A first linkage member (422) is provided between the first brick clamping component (41) and the second brick clamping component (41). One end of the first linkage member (422) is fixedly connected to the first brick clamping component (41), and the other end of the first linkage member (422) is movably connected to the second brick clamping component (41). A second linkage member (423) is provided between the second brick clamping component (41) and the third brick clamping component (41). One end of the second linkage member (423) is fixedly connected to the second brick clamping component (41), and the other end of the second linkage member (423) is movably connected to the third brick clamping component (41). The third linkage member (424) is fixedly connected between the third brick clamping component (41) and the fourth brick clamping component (41).

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