Photovoltaic panels

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic module, comprising: at least one first battery cell group, the first battery cell group comprising a plurality of first battery cells, the plurality of first battery cells being connected in parallel and arranged in sequence along a string arrangement direction of the photovoltaic module, each first battery cell comprising a plurality of first battery strings, the plurality of first battery strings being connected in series and arranged along a cell group arrangement direction perpendicular to the string arrangement direction, each first battery string comprising a plurality of first battery cells connected in series and arranged along the string arrangement direction, the length of each first battery cell being L1, where L1 satisfies the following conditions: 182 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 240 mm; and at least one first MOS switch, the first MOS switch being connected in reverse parallel to the plurality of first battery cells of the first battery cell group. The photovoltaic module according to the present invention can increase the output power of the photovoltaic module and reduce the cost. The first MOS switch can also reduce the forward voltage drop and reverse leakage current, thereby improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic manufacturing, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of photovoltaic technology, users are demanding higher power from photovoltaic modules, leading to ever-larger sizes. In related technologies, the maximum size of a cell has increased from the conventional maximum side length of 157mm to 210mm. However, the bypass diodes in existing photovoltaic modules are Schottky diodes. The increase in cell size leads to a larger forward voltage drop and reverse leakage current in the bypass diodes, thus compromising the reliability of the photovoltaic modules. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module that has a large output power and high reliability.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic module includes: at least one first battery cell group, the first battery cell group includes a plurality of first battery cells, the plurality of first battery cells are connected in parallel and arranged in sequence along the string arrangement direction of the photovoltaic module, each first battery cell includes a plurality of first battery strings, the plurality of first battery strings are connected in series and arranged along a cell group arrangement direction perpendicular to the string arrangement direction, each first battery string includes a plurality of first battery slices connected in series and arranged along the string arrangement direction, the length of each first battery slice is L1, wherein L1 satisfies: 182mm≤L1≤240mm; and at least one first MOS switch, the first MOS switch is connected in reverse parallel to the plurality of first battery cells of the first battery cell group.

[0005] According to the photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention, by providing at least one first MOS switch, and making the first MOS switch and the multiple first battery cells of the first battery cell group all reversely connected in parallel, and the length L1 of each first battery cell satisfies 182mm≤L1≤240mm, on the one hand, the output power of the photovoltaic module can be increased and the cost can be reduced; on the other hand, the first MOS switch can effectively reduce the forward voltage drop and reverse leakage current, thereby improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first MOS switch has an on state and an off state, the on state includes a first on state and a second on state, and the first MOS switch is configured such that a voltage in the first on state is less than a voltage in the second on state.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first MOS switch is laminated within the photovoltaic module.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic assembly further comprises: at least one junction box, and the first MOS switch is disposed in the junction box.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, there are three first battery cell groups, which are arranged in sequence along the cell group arrangement direction, and each first battery cell group includes two first battery cells; there are three junction boxes, each of which is located between two first battery cells of the corresponding first battery cell group, and each junction box is provided with at least one first MOS switch.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a central bus bar is provided between two first battery cells along the string arrangement direction, and the central bus bar extends along the cell group arrangement direction.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic module further includes: a second battery cell group, the second battery cell group is connected in series with the first battery cell group, and the second battery cell group and the first battery cell group are arranged along the cell group arrangement direction, the second battery cell group includes a plurality of second battery cells, the plurality of second battery cells are connected in parallel and arranged in sequence along the string arrangement direction of the photovoltaic module, each second battery cell includes a second battery string, the second battery string includes a plurality of second battery cells connected in series and arranged along the string arrangement direction, and the number of second battery cells of each second battery cell is half the number of the first battery cells of each first battery cell.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second battery cell group includes two second battery cells, and the two second battery strings are respectively a first substring and a second substring, and a lead bus bar is connected between an end of the first substring away from the second substring and an end of the second substring away from the first substring, the lead bus bar is electrically connected to the central bus bar, and the lead bus bar extends along the string arrangement direction.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the lead bus bar includes a first sub-lead bus bar and a second sub-lead bus bar, wherein one end of the first sub-lead bus bar is connected to the center bus bar, and the other end is connected to an end of the first sub-string away from the center bus bar, and one end of the second sub-lead bus bar is connected to the first sub-lead bus bar, and the other end is connected to an end of the second sub-string away from the center bus bar.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the central bus bar is electrically connected to the two second battery strings at a first connection point, the lead bus bar is electrically connected to the central bus bar at a second connection point, and the photovoltaic assembly further includes a second MOS switch, which is reverse-parallel connected between the first connection point and the second connection point.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, along the string arrangement direction, the central bus bar is located in the middle of the photovoltaic module, and the central bus bar includes two first edge bus sections and at least one first middle bus section, the first middle bus section is located between the two first edge bus sections, one end of one of the two first edge bus sections is connected to the first battery string of the outermost first battery cell group adjacent to the edge of the photovoltaic module, and the other end is the negative lead-out end, one end of the other of the two first edge bus sections is connected to the lead bus bar, and the other end is the positive lead-out end, and the first middle bus section is connected between two adjacent first battery cell groups to realize the series connection of the two adjacent first battery cell groups, or between adjacent first battery cell groups and second battery cell groups to realize the series connection of adjacent first battery cell groups and second battery cell groups.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the width of the photovoltaic module is W, wherein W satisfies: 1040 mm ≤ W ≤ 1450 mm.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, along the string arrangement direction, the central bus bar is located in the middle of the photovoltaic module, the central bus bar includes two second edge bus sections and at least one second middle bus section, the second middle bus section is located between the two second edge bus sections, one end of each second edge bus section is connected to the first battery string of the corresponding outermost first battery cell group adjacent to the edge of the photovoltaic module, and the other end is a lead-out end, the second middle bus section is connected between two adjacent first battery cell groups to realize the series connection of the two adjacent first battery cell groups.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the width of the central bus bar is 5 mm to 6 mm.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, at least one crossbar is provided on the back of the photovoltaic module, and the crossbar extends along the arrangement direction of the unit groups, and is disposed adjacent to the central bus bar.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the first battery cells in each of the first battery units is N, where N satisfies: 16≤N≤32.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the minimum distance between two adjacent first battery cells in each first battery string is L2, where L2 satisfies: 0.6 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 1 mm.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a minimum distance between two adjacent first battery cells along the string arrangement direction is L3, wherein L3 satisfies: 10 mm ≤ L3 ≤ 26 mm.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the area of ​​each first battery cell to the area of ​​a complete battery cell is S, wherein S satisfies: 1 / 6≤S≤1 / 2.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present invention, each of the first battery cells is half of a complete battery cell, the length of each of the first battery cells extends in the cell group arrangement direction, and the width of each of the first battery cells extends in the string arrangement direction.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first MOS switch has an on state and an off state, the on state includes a first on state and a second on state, the first MOS switch is configured such that a voltage in the first on state is less than a voltage in the second on state, and the first MOS switch is configured such that a duration in the first on state is greater than a duration in the second on state.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first MOS switch has an on state and an off state, the on state includes a first on state and a second on state, the first MOS switch is configured such that a voltage in the first on state is less than a voltage in the second on state, and when the first MOS switch is in the on state, the first on state and the second on state are periodically distributed.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first battery cell group includes two first battery cells, and the first MOS switch is located between the two first battery cells along the string arrangement direction. The first MOS switch includes a first pin, a second pin, and a third pin. The first pin is electrically connected to one end of one of the two first battery cells, the second pin is electrically connected to one end of the other of the two first battery cells, and the third pin is electrically connected to the other ends of both of the first battery cells.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first pin and the second pin are anodes of the MOS switch, and the first pin and the second pin are both connected to the negative output terminal of the photovoltaic module, and the third pin is the cathode of the MOS switch, and the third pin is connected to the positive output terminal of the photovoltaic module.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first MOS switch further includes a fourth pin, and the fourth pin is grounded.

[0030] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments with reference to the following drawings, in which:

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a MOS switch of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is an equivalent schematic diagram of a MOS switch of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is a functional block diagram of a MOS switch of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a forward operating voltage waveform diagram of a MOS switch of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 2. It is a schematic diagram comparing junction temperature tests of a MOS switch according to an embodiment of the present invention and a diode according to the prior art;

[0037] Figure 6 2. It is a schematic diagram comparing thermal breakdown tests of a MOS switch according to an embodiment of the present invention and a diode according to the prior art;

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10is a circuit diagram of a photovoltaic assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10a yes Figure 10 A partial enlarged view of the photovoltaic module shown in;

[0043] Figure 11 is a circuit diagram of a photovoltaic assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11a yes Figure 11 A magnified partial view of the photovoltaic module shown in .

[0045] Reference numerals:

[0046] 100: Photovoltaic panels;

[0047] 1: first battery cell group; 11: first battery cell; 111: first battery string; 1111: first battery cell;

[0048] 2: first MOS switch; 21: first pin; 22: second pin; 23: third pin;

[0049] 25: first diode; 26: second diode; 27: charge pump; 28: capacitor; 29: reference comparator;

[0050] 3: junction box; 4: second battery cell group; 41: second battery string; 411: second battery cell;

[0051] 5: center bus bar; 51: first edge bus section; 52: first middle bus section;

[0052] 53: second edge confluence section; 54: second middle confluence section;

[0053] 6: lead bus bar; 61: first sub-lead bus bar; 62: second sub-lead bus bar;

[0054] 7: Second MOS switch; 8: Backplane; 81: Crossbar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0056] Reference below Figure 1-11a A photovoltaic assembly 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0057] like Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, a photovoltaic module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one first battery cell group 1 and at least one first MOS switch 2. MOS is the abbreviation of Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, which refers to metal-oxide-semiconductor.

[0058] The first battery cell group 1 includes a plurality of first battery cells 11, which are connected in parallel and arranged in sequence along the string arrangement direction of the photovoltaic module 100. Each first battery cell 11 includes a plurality of first battery strings 111, which are connected in series and arranged along a cell group arrangement direction perpendicular to the string arrangement direction. Each first battery string 111 includes a plurality of first battery cells 1111 connected in series and arranged along the string arrangement direction. The length of each first battery cell 1111 is L1, where L1 satisfies the following conditions: 182 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 240 mm. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more.

[0059] Here, it should be noted that the “string arrangement direction” can be understood as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first battery cells 1111 in the first battery string 111 (for example, Figure 10 and Figure 11 The “unit group arrangement direction” is a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plurality of first battery cells 1111 in the first battery string 111 (for example, Figure 10 and Figure 11 left and right directions in the .

[0060] For example, in Figure 10 In the example shown, three first battery cell groups 1 are arranged in sequence along the short side of the photovoltaic module 100 (i.e., the cell group arrangement direction), and each first battery cell group 1 includes two first battery cells 11 connected in parallel and arranged along the long side of the photovoltaic module 100. Each first battery cell 11 includes two first battery strings 111 connected in series and arranged along the short side of the photovoltaic module 100. The multiple first battery cells 1111 in each first battery string 111 can extend in a straight line along the long side of the photovoltaic module 100. As a result, the circuit design of the photovoltaic module 100 is simple and convenient to process. Moreover, by making L1 satisfy: 182mm≤L1≤240mm, the length of each first battery cell 1111 is larger, so that the light-receiving area of ​​the first battery cell 1111 is larger, thereby increasing the output power of the entire photovoltaic module 100 and reducing costs.

[0061] Figure 10Three first battery cell groups 1 are shown for illustrative purposes, but after reading the technical solution of this application, ordinary technicians can obviously understand that the solution can be applied to the technical solution of other numbers of first battery cell groups 1, which also falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] The first MOS switch 2 is connected in reverse parallel to the first battery cells 11 of the first battery cell group 1. Figure 10 In the example, along the string arrangement direction, the first MOS switch 2 can be located between the two first battery cells 11. Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the test with a current of 30A for one hour, the junction temperature of the diode was 144°C, and the junction temperature of the MOS switch was 134°C. After the current was passed for one hour, the switching temperature of the diode was 129.8°C, and the leakage current of the diode during switching was 0.012A. The switching temperature of the MOS switch was 119°C, and the leakage current of the MOS switch during switching was 0.006A.

[0063] Thus, by providing the aforementioned first MOS switch 2, the first MOS switch 2 can protect all first cells 1111 in the first battery cell group 1. When the first cells 1111 in the first battery cell group 1 are blocked, the first MOS switch 2 can effectively provide a bypass function, thereby preventing the hot spot effect. Furthermore, when the first cells 1111 are large in size, while ensuring that the photovoltaic module 100 has a high power output, the forward voltage drop and reverse leakage current can be reduced, thereby preventing severe heating, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0064] According to the photovoltaic module 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, by providing at least one first MOS switch 2, and making the first MOS switch 2 and the multiple first battery cells 11 of the first battery cell group 1 reverse-parallel, and the length L1 of each first battery cell 1111 satisfying 182mm≤L1≤240mm, on the one hand, the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 can be increased and the cost can be reduced; on the other hand, the first MOS switch 2 can effectively reduce the forward voltage drop and reverse leakage current, thereby improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first MOS switch 2 has an on state and an off state, the on state includes a first on state and a second on state, and the first MOS switch 2 is configured such that a voltage in the first on state is less than a voltage in the second on state.

[0066] For example, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4The first MOS switch 2 may include a switch chip, a control chip, and an energy storage element. The first MOS switch 2 and the first battery cell 11 may have two parallel connection points. When the first battery cell 11 is operating normally, the parallel connection point with a higher voltage is point a, and the parallel connection point with a lower voltage is point b. When the first battery cell 11 is operating normally, Va>Vb, and the control chip turns the first MOS switch 2 off. When an abnormality occurs in the battery string, Va<Vb, and the control chip turns the first MOS switch 2 on.

[0067] The first MOS switch 2 may be provided with a first diode 25, a second diode 26, a charge pump 27, a capacitor 28, and a reference comparator 29, etc., wherein the reference comparator 29 is used to compare the potential difference. When the photovoltaic module 100 is operating normally, the first MOS switch 2 is in the closed state, and the first diode 25 inside the first MOS switch 2 is in the reverse cutoff state. When the photovoltaic module 100 is blocked, the voltage across the first battery unit 11 changes. When the voltage difference exceeds 0.5V, the first diode 25 is activated, so that the current is bypassed through the first diode 25. The resistance of the first diode 25 is relatively large. At this time, the first MOS switch 2 is in the second conduction state, and the voltage across the first MOS switch 2 is a high voltage V H (the voltage drop can be 0.5V to 0.6V), and at the same time the charge pump 27 starts, and the voltage V H When the voltage of capacitor 28 reaches 5V, the second diode 26 starts, the current is bypassed by the second diode 26, and the charge pump 27 is turned off. The resistance of the second diode 26 is small. At this time, the first MOS switch 2 is in the first conduction state, and the voltage across the first MOS switch 2 is the low voltage V L , capacitor 28 discharges. This lasts for a period of time T L After the capacitor 28 voltage drops below 4.5V, the second diode 26 is turned off. This cycle continues, thereby reducing power loss. Thus, by providing a first and second conduction states as the conduction state, the durations of the first and second conduction states can be adjusted by the control circuit, thereby reducing the average conduction voltage of the circuit and achieving low power consumption and energy conservation. It should be noted that the specific structure and operating principle of the first MOS switch 2 are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0068] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the first MOS switch 2 is configured to be in the first conductive state for a duration greater than the duration of the first MOS switch 2 in the second conductive state. Figure 4, the first MOS switch 2 is in the on state, and the first on state and the second on state can be distributed periodically. When the first MOS switch 2 is in the second on state, the high voltage V H Drive the internal circuit to work, continuous T H After a certain time, the internal integrated power MOSFET is turned on, and the first MOS switch 2 enters the first conduction state. At this time, the voltage across the first MOS switch 2 drops to a low voltage V L , lasting T L After a certain time, the circuit re-enters the second conduction state, thus completing a working cycle. H Less than T L Thus, since the voltage in the first conduction state is relatively small, by making the duration of the first conduction state longer than the duration of the first conduction state, the average conduction voltage of the circuit can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the power consumption of the first MOS switch 2.

[0069] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the first MOS switch 2 can be laminated within the photovoltaic module 100. Thus, since both sides of the photovoltaic module 100 in the thickness direction can be provided with an encapsulation film layer, by laminating the first MOS switch 2 within the photovoltaic module 100, the first MOS switch 2 can be effectively isolated from the external environment, thereby effectively reducing the impact of moisture and the external environment on the first MOS switch 2, and further ensuring the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0070] In a further embodiment of the present invention, Figures 8-11 As shown, the photovoltaic assembly 100 further includes at least one junction box 3, and the first MOS switch 2 is provided in the junction box 3. Figure 10 In the example shown, three first battery cell groups 1 and three first MOS switches 2 are provided. In this case, there may be three junction boxes 3, each located between two first battery cells 11 of a corresponding first battery cell group 1. Each junction box 3 houses a first MOS switch 2. Thus, the split junction box 3 can reduce the number of cables and lower the junction temperature. Thus, by providing the aforementioned junction box 3, the junction box 3 can accommodate the first MOS switch 2 and effectively protect the first MOS switch 2 and cables, preventing impurities such as water and dust from entering the junction box 3 and affecting the service life of the first MOS switch 2. This can improve the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0071] Of course, each junction box 3 may further be provided with a plurality of first MOS switches 2 (not shown in the figure), which is not limited in the present invention.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 10-11aAs shown, a central bus bar 5 is provided between the two first battery cells 11, and the central bus bar 5 extends along the cell group arrangement direction. Thus, by providing the central bus bar 5, the central bus bar 5 can achieve a parallel connection between the two first battery cells 11 in the string arrangement direction, which helps reduce design and process difficulties and simplifies the structure.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference Figure 11 The photovoltaic module 100 also includes a second battery cell group 4, which is connected in series with the first battery cell group 1 and arranged along the cell group arrangement direction. The second battery cell group 4 includes a plurality of second battery cells, which are connected in parallel and arranged sequentially along the string arrangement direction of the photovoltaic module 100. Each second battery cell includes a second battery string 41, which includes a plurality of second battery cells 411 connected in series and arranged along the string arrangement direction. The number of second battery cells 411 in each second battery cell is half the number of first battery cells 1111 in each first battery cell 11. Therefore, by providing the above-mentioned second battery cell group 4, the circuit connection method is relatively simple, and the module width change is small. This can meet the connection arrangement requirements of large-sized battery cells using conventional width glass, avoiding the problem of load frame failure in the photovoltaic module 100.

[0074] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the second battery cell group 4 includes two second battery cells, and the two second battery strings 41 are respectively a first substring and a second substring. A lead bus bar 6 is connected between the end of the first substring away from the second substring and the end of the second substring away from the first substring. The lead bus bar 6 is electrically connected to the center bus bar 5, and the lead bus bar 6 extends along the string arrangement direction. Therefore, by providing the lead bus bar 6, while ensuring that the current remains unchanged, the number of second battery cells 411 is reduced, thereby reducing the width of the photovoltaic module 100. When the size of the battery cells (i.e., the first battery cell 1111 and the second battery cell 411) is large (for example, 210mm), the installation area can be effectively saved. Moreover, the photovoltaic module 100 configured in this way can increase the number of photovoltaic modules 100 installed within the same installation area, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference Figure 11 The lead bus bar 6 includes a first sub-lead bus bar 61 and a second sub-lead bus bar 62. One end of the first sub-lead bus bar 61 is connected to the center bus bar 5, and the other end is connected to an end of the first sub-string away from the center bus bar 5. One end of the second sub-lead bus bar 62 is connected to the first sub-lead bus bar 61, and the other end is connected to an end of the second sub-string away from the center bus bar 5.

[0076] For example, in Figure 11 In the example, the first sub-lead busbar 61 and the second sub-lead busbar 62 both extend along the string arrangement direction. The first sub-string is connected in series with the first sub-lead busbar 61, and the first sub-string and the first sub-lead busbar 61 are arranged along the short side of the photovoltaic module 100. The second sub-string is connected in series with the second sub-lead busbar 62, and the first sub-string and the second sub-lead busbar 62 are arranged along the short side of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, by providing the above-mentioned first sub-lead busbar 61 and the second sub-lead busbar 62, the first sub-lead busbar 61 and the second sub-lead busbar 62 can be used to transmit current without affecting the overall space occupied by the second solar cell 411.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference Figure 11 The central bus bar 5 is electrically connected to the two second battery strings 41 at a first connection point, and the lead bus bar 6 is electrically connected to the central bus bar 5 at a second connection point. The photovoltaic module 100 also includes a second MOS switch 7, which is connected in reverse parallel between the first connection point and the second connection point. Thus, by providing the aforementioned second MOS switch 7, the second MOS switch 7 can protect all second battery cells 411 in the two second battery strings 41. When the second battery cells 411 in the second battery string 41 are shaded, the bypass function can be effectively implemented to avoid the hot spot effect. Furthermore, compared to the existing diode approach, the forward voltage drop and reverse leakage current can be reduced, thereby preventing severe heating when the second battery cells are large, thereby further improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 11 and Figure 11a , along the string arrangement direction, the central bus bar 5 is located in the middle of the photovoltaic module 100, the central bus bar 5 includes two first edge bus sections 51 and at least one first middle bus section 52, the first middle bus section 52 is located between the two first edge bus sections 51, one end of one of the two first edge bus sections 51 is connected to the first battery string 111 of the outermost first battery cell group 1 adjacent to the edge of the photovoltaic module 100, and the other end is the negative lead-out terminal, one end of the other of the two first edge bus sections 51 is connected to the lead bus bar 6, and the other end is the positive lead-out terminal, the first middle bus section 52 is connected between two adjacent first battery cell groups 1 to realize the series connection of the two adjacent first battery cell groups 1, or between adjacent first battery cell groups 1 and second battery cell groups 4 to realize the series connection of adjacent first battery cell groups 1 and second battery cell groups 4.

[0079] For example, in Figure 11 and Figure 11aIn the example, the lead busbar 6 is arranged adjacent to the edge of the photovoltaic module 100. The central busbar 5 includes two first edge busbar sections 51 and two first middle busbar sections 52. One of the two first middle busbar sections 52 is connected between two adjacent first battery strings 111 of two adjacent first battery cell groups 1, and the other of the two first middle busbar sections 52 is connected between adjacent first battery strings 111 and second battery strings 41. Thus, by providing the above-mentioned first edge busbar sections 51 and first middle busbar sections 52, the first edge busbar section 51 can effectively lead out the current generated by the multiple first battery cells 1111 and multiple second battery cells 411 through the photovoltaic effect, and the first middle busbar section 52 can achieve electrical connection between two adjacent battery cell groups (for example, two adjacent first battery cell groups 1, or adjacent first battery cell group 1 and second battery cell group 4), with a simple and reliable structure. The width of the central busbar 5 can be 5mm to 6mm (including the end values). However, it is not limited to this.

[0080] Optionally, the width of photovoltaic module 100 is W, where W can satisfy the following: 1040 mm ≤ W ≤ 1450 mm. For example, W can be 1100 mm. This configuration ensures that photovoltaic module 100 has a high power output while effectively controlling the width of the glass of the entire photovoltaic module 100, reducing the difficulty of the glass manufacturing process and thus having no adverse impact on the cost of the glass.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 10 and Figure 10a As shown, along the string arrangement direction, the central bus bar 5 is located in the middle of the photovoltaic module 100, and the central bus bar 5 includes two second edge bus sections 53 and at least one second middle bus section 54. The second middle bus section 54 is located between the two second edge bus sections 53. One end of each second edge bus section 53 is connected to the first battery string 111 of the corresponding outermost first battery cell group 1 adjacent to the edge of the photovoltaic module 100, and the other end is a lead-out end. The second middle bus section 54 is connected between two adjacent first battery cell groups 1 to realize the series connection of the two adjacent first battery cell groups 1.

[0082] For example, in Figure 10 and Figure 10aIn the example, the photovoltaic module 100 includes three first battery cell groups 1 connected in series and arranged along the cell group arrangement direction. The central bus bar 5 includes two second edge bus sections 53 and two second middle bus sections 54. One end of the second edge bus section 53 on the left is connected to the first battery string 111 on the far left, and the other end is the negative lead-in terminal. One end of the second edge bus section 53 on the right is connected to the first battery string 111 on the far right, and the other end is the positive lead-in terminal. Therefore, by setting the above-mentioned second edge bus section 53 and second middle bus section 54, the second edge bus section 53 can also effectively lead out the current generated by the photovoltaic effect of multiple first battery cells 1111, and the second middle bus section 54 can realize the electrical connection between two adjacent first battery cell groups 1, and the structure is simple and reliable.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference Figure 9 At least one crossbar 81 is provided on the back of the photovoltaic module 100. The crossbar 81 extends along the arrangement direction of the unit group and is provided adjacent to the central bus bar 5. For example, Figure 9 The example shown in FIG. 1 shows a crossbar 81 disposed on the back panel 8 of the photovoltaic module 100. The distance between the crossbar 81 and the center busbar 5 is smaller than the edge of the photovoltaic module 100 in the string arrangement direction. Therefore, by providing the crossbar 81, the crossbar 81 can be positioned near the center of the photovoltaic module 100, effectively increasing the load on the photovoltaic module 100 and making the overall structure of the photovoltaic module 100 more stable and reliable.

[0084] In the above embodiment, a single crossbar 81 is used as an example. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that there may be more than one crossbar 81. For example, when there are two crossbars 81, the two crossbars 81 may be located on either side of the junction box 3, thereby further increasing the load on the photovoltaic assembly 100.

[0085] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the number of first battery cells 1111 in each first battery unit 11 is N, where N satisfies: 16≤N≤32. Figure 10 In the example, the number of first cells 1111 in each first battery unit 11 is equal and is 24, and the number of first cells 1111 protected in parallel by each first MOS switch 2 is 48. Specifically, when N < 16, the number of first cells 1111 in each first battery unit 11 is too small, which may result in too low an output power of the photovoltaic module 100. When N > 32, the number of first cells 1111 in each first battery unit 11 is too large, which may cause a breakdown risk for the first MOS switch 2. Therefore, by ensuring that N satisfies: 16 ≤ N ≤ 32, the safety of the first MOS switch 2 can be guaranteed while ensuring a high output power of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present invention, the minimum distance between two adjacent first solar cells 1111 in each first solar cell string 111 is L2, where L2 satisfies the following: 0.6 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 1 mm. This arrangement reduces the minimum distance between two adjacent first solar cells 1111 in the first solar cell string 111, effectively improving the photovoltaic conversion efficiency per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic module 100, thereby increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, the minimum distance between two adjacent first battery cells 11 along the string arrangement direction is L3, where L3 satisfies the following: 10 mm ≤ L3 ≤ 26 mm. For example, L3 can be 20 mm. Therefore, by ensuring that L3 satisfies the following: 10 mm ≤ L3 ≤ 26 mm, the junction box 3 can be prevented from obstructing the first battery cells 1111, thereby improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the area of ​​each first cell 1111 to the area of ​​the complete cell is S, where S satisfies: 1 / 6≤S≤1 / 2. That is, each cell 1111 can be one-half to one-sixth of the size of a complete cell. For example, the first cell 1111 can be formed by cutting the complete cell perpendicular to the direction in which the main grid lines extend, or the first cell 1111 can be formed by cutting the complete cell perpendicular to the direction in which the main grid lines extend and parallel to the direction in which the main grid lines extend. For example, when the first cell 1111 is one-fourth of a complete cell, the first cell 1111 can be formed by cutting the complete cell into four equal parts along a direction perpendicular to the extension of the busbars. In this case, the number of busbars on the first cell 1111 is equal to the number of busbars on the complete cell. Alternatively, the first cell 1111 can be formed by cutting the complete cell into two equal parts along a direction perpendicular to the extension of the busbars and into two equal parts along a direction parallel to the extension of the busbars. In this case, the number of busbars on the first cell 1111 is half the number of busbars on the complete cell. Therefore, compared to using a complete cell, the first cell 1111 can reduce internal losses, thereby increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 and helping to reduce the cost per watt.

[0089] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, each first cell 1111 can be half of a full cell, with the length of each first cell 1111 extending in the direction of the cell group arrangement, and the width of each first cell 1111 extending in the direction of the string arrangement. For example, laser scribing can be used to process half-cell first cells 1111. Thus, compared to using a full cell, the internal losses of the photovoltaic module 100 can be reduced. By adopting the above-mentioned circuit connection method, the current of each first cell string 111 is reduced to half of the output current of a full cell. Then, by connecting two first battery cells 11 in parallel, the output current of the photovoltaic module 100 remains the same as the output current when using a full cell, avoiding the voltage drop caused by using a half-cell first cell 1111. At the same time, since the current of the half-cell first cell 1111 can reduce internal losses, the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 is increased, helping to reduce the cost per watt.

[0090] Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the first battery cell 1111 is not limited to being one half of a complete battery cell. For example, the first battery cell 1111 may also be one third or one quarter of a complete battery cell.

[0091] Other structures and operations of the photovoltaic assembly 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0092] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0093] In the description of the present invention, "first feature" or "second feature" may include one or more of the features.

[0094] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0095] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: At least one first battery cell group, the first battery cell group including a plurality of first battery cells, the plurality of first battery cells being connected in parallel and arranged in sequence along a string arrangement direction of the photovoltaic module, each first battery cell including a plurality of first battery strings, the plurality of first battery strings being connected in series and arranged along a cell group arrangement direction perpendicular to the string arrangement direction, each first battery string including a plurality of first battery cells connected in series and arranged along the string arrangement direction, the length of each first battery cell being L1, wherein L1 satisfies: 182 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 240 mm; at least one first MOS switch, the first MOS switch being connected in reverse parallel to the plurality of first battery cells of the first battery cell group, the first MOS switch comprising a switch chip, a control chip, and an energy storage element; The ratio of the area of ​​each first battery cell to the area of ​​the complete battery cell is S, wherein S satisfies: 1 / 6≤S≤1 / 2; The first MOS switch has an on state and an off state. The on state includes a first on state and a second on state. The first MOS switch is configured such that a voltage in the first on state is lower than a voltage in the second on state.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The first MOS switch is laminated in the photovoltaic module.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that Further including: At least one junction box, wherein the first MOS switch is arranged in the junction box.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that There are three first battery cell groups, which are arranged in sequence along the cell group arrangement direction, and each first battery cell group includes two first battery cells; There are three junction boxes, each of which is located between two of the first battery cells of the corresponding first battery cell group, and each of the junction boxes is provided with at least one first MOS switch.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that A central bus bar is provided between two of the first battery cells along the string arrangement direction, and the central bus bar extends along the cell group arrangement direction.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A second battery cell group, the second battery cell group is connected in series with the first battery cell group, and the second battery cell group and the first battery cell group are arranged along the cell group arrangement direction, the second battery cell group includes a plurality of second battery cells, the plurality of second battery cells are connected in parallel and arranged in sequence along the string arrangement direction of the photovoltaic module, each second battery cell includes a second battery string, the second battery string includes a plurality of second battery cells connected in series and arranged along the string arrangement direction, and the number of second battery cells of each second battery cell is half the number of the first battery cells of each first battery cell.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second battery cell group includes two second battery cells, and the two second battery strings are respectively a first substring and a second substring. A lead bus is connected between an end of the first substring away from the second substring and an end of the second substring away from the first substring. The lead bus is electrically connected to the center bus, and the lead bus extends along the string arrangement direction.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lead bus bar includes a first sub-lead bus bar and a second sub-lead bus bar, wherein one end of the first sub-lead bus bar is connected to the central bus bar, and the other end is connected to an end of the first sub-string away from the central bus bar, and one end of the second sub-lead bus bar is connected to the first sub-lead bus bar, and the other end is connected to an end of the second sub-string away from the central bus bar.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The central bus bar is electrically connected to the two second battery strings at a first connection point, the lead bus bar is electrically connected to the central bus bar at a second connection point, and the photovoltaic assembly further includes a second MOS switch, which is reverse-connected in parallel between the first connection point and the second connection point.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: Along the string arrangement direction, the central bus bar is located in the middle of the photovoltaic module, and the central bus bar includes two first edge bus sections and at least one first middle bus section. The first middle bus section is located between the two first edge bus sections. One end of one of the two first edge bus sections is connected to the first battery string adjacent to the edge of the photovoltaic module of the outermost first battery cell group, and the other end is the negative lead-out end. One end of the other of the two first edge bus sections is connected to the lead bus bar, and the other end is the positive lead-out end. The first middle bus section is connected between two adjacent first battery cell groups to realize the series connection of the two adjacent first battery cell groups, or between adjacent first battery cell groups and second battery cell groups to realize the series connection of adjacent first battery cell groups and second battery cell groups.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The width of the photovoltaic module is W, wherein W satisfies: 1040 mm ≤ W ≤ 1450 mm.

12. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: Along the string arrangement direction, the central bus bar is located in the middle of the photovoltaic module, and the central bus bar includes two second edge bus sections and at least one second middle bus section. The second middle bus section is located between the two second edge bus sections. One end of each second edge bus section is connected to the first battery string of the corresponding outermost first battery cell group adjacent to the edge of the photovoltaic module, and the other end is a lead-out end. The second middle bus section is connected between two adjacent first battery cell groups to realize the series connection of the two adjacent first battery cell groups.

13. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that The width of the central bus bar is 5 mm to 6 mm.

14. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that At least one cross bar is provided on the back of the photovoltaic assembly. The cross bar extends along the arrangement direction of the unit groups and is arranged adjacent to the central bus bar.

15. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The number of the first battery cells in each of the first battery units is N, where N satisfies: 16≤N≤32.

16. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The minimum distance between two adjacent first battery cells in each first battery string is L2, where L2 satisfies: 0.6 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 1 mm.

17. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The minimum distance between two adjacent first battery cells along the string arrangement direction is L3, wherein L3 satisfies: 10 mm ≤ L3 ≤ 26 mm.

18. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: Each of the first battery cells is half of a complete battery cell, a length extension direction of each of the first battery cells is the unit group arrangement direction, and a width extension direction of each of the first battery cells is the string arrangement direction.

19. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The first MOS switch is configured to be in the first on-state for a duration greater than a duration of the first MOS switch in the second on-state.

20. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: In the on-state, the first MOS switch The first conductive state and the second conductive state are distributed periodically.

21. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The first battery cell group includes two first battery cells. Along the string arrangement direction, the first MOS switch is located between the two first battery cells. The first MOS switch includes a first pin, a second pin, and a third pin. The first pin is electrically connected to one end of one of the two first battery cells, the second pin is electrically connected to one end of the other of the two first battery cells, and the third pin is electrically connected to the other ends of both of the first battery cells.

22. The photovoltaic module according to claim 21, characterized in that The first pin and the second pin are anodes of the MOS switch, and both the first pin and the second pin are connected to the negative output terminal of the photovoltaic module. The third pin is the cathode of the MOS switch, and the third pin is connected to the positive output terminal of the photovoltaic module.

23. The photovoltaic module according to claim 21, characterized in that The first MOS switch further includes a fourth pin, which is grounded.

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