Positioning device and heavy-duty electric truck

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of heavy-duty electric trucks, and discloses a positioning device and a heavy-duty electric truck. The positioning device includes a positioning pin arranged on a positioning pin mounting seat of a battery exchange base, a positioning hole arranged on a positioning hole mounting seat of a battery frame, and a buffer assembly. The positioning pin is plugged into the positioning hole. The buffer assembly is arranged between the positioning pin mounting seat and the positioning pin and / or between the positioning pin and the positioning hole mounting seat and / or on the positioning pin. The buffer assembly can absorb the hole spacing deviation when there is a hole spacing deviation between the battery frame and the battery exchange base, and can provide radial buffering and shock absorption when there is relative movement between the battery frame and the battery exchange base. The buffer assembly in the positioning device can prevent the positioning pin from moving relative to the positioning pin in the radial direction in the positioning hole, avoid the positioning pin from impacting or colliding with the inner wall of the positioning hole, ensure the matching accuracy of the positioning pin and the positioning hole, and thus improve the reliability of the entire battery exchange system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heavy-duty electric trucks, and in particular to a positioning device and a heavy-duty electric truck. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the development of new energy vehicles has been very rapid. New energy vehicles use power batteries as their driving energy source and have advantages such as low noise, low harmful gas emissions, and environmental protection. In the field of heavy-duty trucks, due to their high power consumption and long battery charging time, the economic efficiency and scalability of heavy-duty trucks are seriously restricted. Against the background of the above shortcomings of rechargeable heavy-duty trucks, battery-swap heavy-duty trucks have come into being. In the existing technology, the current battery-swap technology solution used in heavy-duty trucks is to mechanically and electrically match the battery-swap battery frame with multiple battery packs and the on-board battery-swap base. The battery-swap battery frame can be replaced by lifting it from the top or picking it up from the side, ultimately completing the rapid replacement of the battery system. Among them, the positioning structure for achieving mechanical matching includes a positioning pin provided on the on-board battery-swap base and a corresponding positioning through-hole provided on the battery-swap battery frame. The positioning pin is inserted into the positioning through-hole to achieve the relative positioning of the on-board battery-swap base and the battery-swap battery frame, so that the socket of the battery-swap connector provided on the battery-swap battery frame and the plug of the battery-swap connector on the on-board battery-swap base can be accurately plugged into each other to achieve a reliable electrical connection.

[0003] However, due to processing errors, this positioning structure has a gap between the positioning pin and the pin hole. When the battery swap frame and the vehicle-mounted battery swap base are installed on the vehicle for use, the positioning pin will move radially in the positioning through-hole, causing the positioning pin to collide and impact with the inner wall of the positioning through-hole, causing the size of the positioning through-hole to change. As time goes by, the accuracy of the positioning through-hole decreases. Therefore, during the battery swap process, the socket of the battery swap connector on the battery swap battery frame and the plug of the battery swap connector on the vehicle-mounted battery swap base may not be able to be plugged in or may be poorly plugged in due to insufficient positioning accuracy, affecting the use of the overall system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a positioning device and a heavy-duty electric truck to solve the problem in the existing positioning structure that due to the collision and impact between the positioning pin shaft and the inner wall of the positioning through hole, the accuracy of the positioning through hole decreases with the passage of time, resulting in insufficient positioning accuracy.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A positioning device for positioning the relative positions of a battery frame and a battery swap base in a heavy truck onboard battery swap system, comprising:

[0007] A positioning pin, the positioning pin being arranged on a positioning pin mounting seat of the battery swap base;

[0008] A positioning hole, the positioning hole being provided on the positioning hole mounting seat of the battery frame, the positioning pin being inserted into the positioning hole;

[0009] A buffer assembly is provided between the locating pin mounting seat and the locating pin and / or between the locating pin and the locating hole mounting seat and / or on the locating pin. The buffer assembly can absorb the hole spacing deviation when there is a hole spacing deviation between the battery frame and the battery exchange base, and can provide radial buffering and shock absorption when there is relative movement between the battery frame and the battery exchange base.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned positioning device, the buffer assembly includes a first elastic sleeve, and the first elastic sleeve is located between the positioning pin and the positioning hole mounting seat.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned positioning device, the buffer assembly includes a second elastic sleeve, and the second elastic sleeve is located between the positioning pin and the positioning pin mounting seat.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned positioning device, the buffer assembly includes a third elastic sleeve, the positioning pin includes a pin core and a pin shell, the third elastic sleeve connects the pin core and the pin shell, and is located between the pin core and the pin shell.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned positioning device, the buffer assembly includes a third elastic sleeve, the outer wall of the positioning pin is provided with a receiving groove, and the third elastic sleeve is embedded in the receiving groove.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the above-mentioned positioning device, the buffer assembly also includes an inner metal sleeve and an outer metal sleeve, the inner metal sleeve is arranged between the second elastic sleeve and the positioning pin, and the outer metal sleeve is arranged between the second elastic sleeve and the positioning pin mounting seat.

[0015] A heavy-duty electric truck comprises a plurality of the above-mentioned positioning devices, wherein the plurality of positioning devices are arranged at intervals.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] The present invention provides a positioning device and a heavy-duty electric truck. In the positioning device, a buffer assembly is arranged between the positioning pin mounting seat and the positioning pin and / or between the positioning pin and the positioning hole mounting seat and / or on the positioning pin. The buffer assembly can absorb the hole spacing deviation when there is a hole spacing deviation between the battery frame and the battery exchange base, and can provide radial buffering and shock absorption when there is relative movement between the battery frame and the battery exchange base. The buffer assembly makes the positioning pin and the positioning hole flexibly and tightly fit. Compared with the rigid clearance fit between the positioning pin and the positioning hole in the prior art, it can prevent the positioning pin from moving radially in the positioning hole, which can avoid the positioning pin from impacting or colliding with the inner wall of the positioning hole after the battery frame and the battery exchange base are assembled on the vehicle, ensuring that the size of the positioning hole remains unchanged and the matching accuracy of the positioning pin and the positioning hole is guaranteed, thereby improving the reliability of the battery exchange system of the heavy truck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a positioning device provided in specific embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a partial structural diagram of the positioning device provided in specific embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a positioning device provided in specific embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a partial structural diagram of a positioning device provided in specific embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a positioning device provided in specific embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the positioning device provided in specific embodiment 4 of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the positioning device provided in specific embodiment 4 of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the positioning device provided in specific embodiment 6 of the present invention.

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] 1. Battery frame;

[0028] 2. Battery replacement base;

[0029] 3. Positioning hole;

[0030] 4. Positioning pin; 41. First part; 42. Second part; 43. Limiting surface; 401. Pin core; 402. Pin housing;

[0031] 51. First elastic sleeve; 52. Second elastic sleeve; 53. Third elastic sleeve; 54. Inner metal sleeve; 55. Outer metal sleeve;

[0032] 6. Elastic boss;

[0033] 7. Nut;

[0034] 8. Socket for battery replacement connector;

[0035] 9. Plug of the battery replacement connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all structures.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0039] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," and "right" are used to refer to positions or locations based on the positions or locations shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate description and simplify operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] The present invention provides a positioning device for positioning the relative positions of the battery frame 1 and the battery replacement base 2 in a truck load replacement system. Figure 1-3 As shown, the positioning device includes a positioning pin 4 arranged on the positioning pin mounting seat of the battery exchange base 2, a positioning hole 3 arranged on the positioning hole mounting seat of the battery frame 1, and a buffer assembly. The positioning pin 4 is inserted into the positioning hole 3. The buffer assembly is arranged between the positioning pin mounting seat and the positioning pin 4 and / or between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole mounting seat and / or on the positioning pin 4. The buffer assembly can absorb the hole spacing deviation when there is a hole spacing deviation between the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2, and can provide radial buffering and shock absorption when there is relative movement between the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2. The buffer assembly of the positioning device can provide buffering and shock absorption between the positioning pin 4 and the inner wall of the positioning hole 3. The buffer assembly can make the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole 3 flexibly and tightly fit. Compared with the rigid clearance fit between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole 3 in the prior art, it can prevent the positioning pin 4 from moving radially in the positioning hole 3, thereby preventing the positioning pin 4 from impacting or colliding with the inner wall of the positioning hole 3 after the battery frame 1 is assembled on the battery exchange base 2 of the vehicle, ensuring that the size of the positioning hole 3 remains unchanged, and ensuring the fitting accuracy of the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole 3, thereby improving the reliability of the entire battery exchange system and increasing the service life of the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole 3.

[0042] Optionally, the buffer assembly includes a first elastic sleeve 51, and the first elastic sleeve 51 is located between the locating pin 4 and the locating hole mounting seat. The first elastic sleeve 51 can prevent rigid collision between the locating pin 4 and the locating hole mounting seat, and plays a buffering and shock-absorbing role between the locating pin 4 and the locating hole mounting seat. Optionally, the first elastic sleeve 51 is made of rubber material. It is understandable that the first elastic sleeve 51 can also be made of other elastic materials. Optionally, the outer wall of the first elastic sleeve 51 is provided with a first groove, and the inner wall of the locating hole 3 is embedded in the first groove. After the locating pin 4 is inserted into the locating hole 3, the first elastic sleeve 51 is located between the locating pin 4 and the locating hole mounting seat. The first elastic sleeve 51 is fixed to the locating hole mounting seat of the battery frame 1 by embedding the inner wall of the locating hole 3 in the first groove of the first elastic sleeve 51, so as to facilitate the installation and disassembly of the first elastic sleeve 51.

[0043] Optionally, the locating pin 4 is fixedly arranged on the locating pin mounting seat, and the locating pin 4 is rigidly fixedly connected to the locating pin mounting seat.

[0044] Optionally, the locating pin 4 has a first part 41 and a second part 42, the first part 41 is conical, the second part 42 is cylindrical, and the second part 42 is arranged closer to the locating pin mounting seat than the first part 41. Preferably, the first part 41 and the second part 42 are integrally formed. The first part 41 is conical, which can guide the insertion of the locating pin 4 into the locating hole 3, making it convenient for the locating pin 4 to be inserted into the locating hole 3. The second part 42 is cylindrical. After the locating pin 4 is inserted into the locating hole 3, the second part 42 of the locating pin 4 cooperates with the locating hole 3 to position the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2. Preferably, a metal sleeve (not shown) is provided on the inner wall of the first elastic sleeve 51, and a metal sleeve (not shown) is provided between the inner wall of the locating hole 3 and the first elastic sleeve 51. The metal sleeve is in direct contact with the second part 42 to increase the service life of the first elastic sleeve 51.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the positioning device includes a positioning pin 4 arranged on the positioning pin mounting seat of the battery exchange base 2, a positioning hole 3 arranged on the positioning hole mounting seat of the battery frame 1, and a buffer assembly. The positioning pin 4 is inserted into the positioning hole 3. The buffer assembly is arranged between the positioning pin mounting seat and the positioning pin 4 and / or between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole mounting seat and / or on the positioning pin 4. The buffer assembly can absorb the hole spacing deviation when there is a hole spacing deviation between the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2, and can provide radial buffering and shock absorption when there is relative movement between the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2.

[0047] In this embodiment, the buffer assembly includes a second elastic sleeve 52, and the second elastic sleeve 52 is located between the locating pin 4 and the locating pin mounting seat. The second elastic sleeve 52 fills the gap between the locating pin 4 and the locating pin mounting seat, so that the locating pin 4 and the locating pin mounting seat are flexibly and tightly matched. The non-rigid connection between the locating pin 4 and the locating pin mounting seat can prevent the rigid collision between the locating pin 4 and the locating pin mounting seat from affecting the installation accuracy of the locating pin 4 installed on the locating pin mounting seat and the mechanical reliability of the locating pin 4. Optionally, the second elastic sleeve 52 is composed of multiple rubber sheets or multiple springs. It is understandable that the second elastic sleeve 52 can also be made of other elastic materials. Optionally, the second elastic sleeve 52 is provided with a second groove, the locating pin mounting seat is provided with a through hole, the locating pin 4 is passed through the through hole, and the inner wall of the through hole is embedded in the second groove of the second elastic sleeve 52.

[0048] Optionally, the second elastic sleeve 52 is provided with an elastic boss 6, which is supported by the locating pin mounting base and located between the locating pin mounting base and the locating hole mounting base. The locating pin mounting base supports the elastic boss 6, i.e., the lower surface of the elastic boss 6 abuts the upper surface of the locating pin mounting base, thereby securing the second elastic sleeve 52 to the locating pin mounting base. Optionally, the second elastic sleeve 52 and the elastic boss 6 are integrally formed, which improves structural strength.

[0049] Optionally, the positioning device further includes a nut 7, the positioning pin 4 is provided with an external thread, the nut 7 is screwed to the external thread, the positioning pin 4 is provided with a limiting surface 43, the limiting surface 43 and the nut 7 respectively abut against the two ends of the second elastic sleeve 52 along the axial direction of the positioning pin 4. When assembling the positioning pin 4 and the second elastic sleeve 52, the positioning pin 4 is passed through the second elastic sleeve 52, the limiting surface 43 of the positioning pin 4 abuts against the upper end surface of the second elastic sleeve 52 along the axial direction of the positioning pin 4, and then the nut 7 is screwed to the external thread of the positioning pin 4 so that the nut 7 abuts against the lower end surface of the second elastic sleeve 52 along the axial direction of the positioning pin 4, and the second elastic sleeve 52 is located between the nut 7 and the limiting surface 43, so that the positioning pin 4 is fixedly connected to the second elastic sleeve 52. The second elastic sleeve 52 can be assembled to the positioning pin mounting seat first, and then the positioning pin 4 can be assembled to the second elastic sleeve 52, or the positioning pin 4 can be assembled to the second elastic sleeve 52 first, and then the assembly of the positioning pin 4 and the second elastic sleeve 52 can be installed to the positioning pin mounting seat.

[0050] Optionally, the locating pin 4 has a first part 41 and a second part 42, the first part 41 is conical, the second part 42 is cylindrical, and the second part 42 is arranged closer to the locating pin mounting seat than the first part 41. Preferably, the first part 41 and the second part 42 are integrally formed. The first part 41 is conical, which can guide the insertion of the locating pin 4 into the locating hole 3, making it convenient for the locating pin 4 to be inserted into the locating hole 3. The second part 42 is cylindrical. After the locating pin 4 is inserted into the locating hole 3, the second part 42 of the locating pin 4 cooperates with the locating hole 3 to position the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2. In this embodiment 2, the second part 42 is in rigid contact with the inner wall of the locating hole 3.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the buffer assembly of this embodiment further includes an inner metal sleeve 54 and an outer metal sleeve 55 , and the other structures are the same.

[0053] Specifically, in this embodiment, the buffer assembly further includes an inner metal sleeve 54 and an outer metal sleeve 55. The inner metal sleeve 54 is disposed between the second elastic sleeve 52 and the locating pin 4, while the outer metal sleeve 55 is disposed between the second elastic sleeve 52 and the locating pin mounting seat. It will be appreciated that both the inner metal sleeve 54 and the outer metal sleeve 55 are made of metal, capable of withstanding high friction and exhibiting high wear resistance. The inner metal sleeve 54 is positioned between the second elastic sleeve 52 and the locating pin 4, while the outer metal sleeve 55 is positioned between the second elastic sleeve 52 and the locating pin mounting seat. This protects the second elastic sleeve 52 and increases its service life.

[0054] Optionally, the inner metal sleeve 54 and the outer metal sleeve 55 are both fixedly connected to the second elastic sleeve 52, the inner metal sleeve 54 is embedded between the limiting surface 43 of the locating pin 4 and the nut 7, and one end of the outer metal sleeve 55 is provided with a flange, which abuts against the upper end surface of the locating pin mounting seat along the axial direction of the locating pin 4, so that the inner metal sleeve 54, the outer metal sleeve 55, the second elastic sleeve 52 and the locating pin 4 can all be stably fixed to the locating pin mounting seat.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] The positioning device includes a positioning pin 4 arranged on the positioning pin mounting seat of the battery exchange base 2, a positioning hole 3 arranged on the positioning hole mounting seat of the battery frame 1, and a buffer assembly. The positioning pin 4 is inserted into the positioning hole 3. The buffer assembly is arranged between the positioning pin mounting seat and the positioning pin 4 and / or between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole mounting seat and / or on the positioning pin 4. The buffer assembly can absorb the hole spacing deviation when there is a hole spacing deviation between the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2, and can provide radial buffering and shock absorption when there is relative movement between the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2.

[0057] like Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the buffer assembly includes a third elastic sleeve 53, the positioning pin 4 includes a pin core 401 and a pin shell 402, the positioning pin 4 includes a pin core 401 and a pin shell 402, the third elastic sleeve 53 connects the pin core 401 and the pin shell 402, and is located between the pin core 401 and the pin shell 402. Specifically, the pin shell 402 is sleeved on the pin core 401, and a receiving cavity is formed between the pin core 401 and the pin shell 402, and the third elastic sleeve 53 is located in the receiving cavity. The third elastic sleeve 53 is located in the receiving cavity formed between the pin core 401 and the pin shell 402. The third elastic sleeve 53 can play an elastic buffering role between the pin core 401 and the pin shell 402, thereby preventing the positioning hole mounting seat from rigidly colliding with the positioning pin 4. The pin core 401 and pin housing 402 are made of high-strength, wear-resistant metal materials, and the third elastic sleeve 53 can be made of multiple rubber sheets. Alternatively, the third elastic sleeve 53 can be constructed similarly to a particle damper, where granular material is filled between the pin core 401 and the pin housing 402 to provide a cushioning and shock-absorbing effect for the positioning pin hole structure. It is understood that the pin housing 402 has a first portion 41 and a second portion 42, with the first portion 41 being conical and the second portion 42 being cylindrical.

[0058] As an alternative, Figure 7 As shown, the outer wall of the positioning pin 4 is provided with a receiving groove, and the third elastic sleeve 53 is embedded in the receiving groove. The third elastic sleeve 53 has a damping effect. When the third elastic sleeve 53 is embedded in the receiving groove provided on the outer wall of the positioning pin 4, the third elastic sleeve 53 is positioned between the positioning pin 4 and the inner wall of the positioning hole 3, thereby achieving a flexible and tight fit between the positioning pin 4 and the inner wall of the positioning hole 3. At the same time, it absorbs the rigid impact of the positioning hole mounting seat on the positioning pin 4, thereby increasing the service life of the positioning pin 4. It can be understood that the positioning pin 4 has a first portion 41 and a second portion 42. The first portion 41 is conical and the second portion 42 is cylindrical. The receiving groove is provided in the second portion 42.

[0059] Optionally, the locating pin 4 is fixedly arranged on the locating pin mounting seat, and the locating pin 4 is rigidly fixedly connected to the locating pin mounting seat.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] The positioning device includes a positioning pin 4 arranged on the positioning pin mounting seat of the battery exchange base 2, a positioning hole 3 arranged on the positioning hole mounting seat of the battery frame 1, and a buffer assembly. The positioning pin 4 is inserted into the positioning hole 3. The buffer assembly is arranged between the positioning pin mounting seat and the positioning pin 4 and / or between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole mounting seat and / or on the positioning pin 4. The buffer assembly can absorb the hole spacing deviation when there is a hole spacing deviation between the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2, and can provide radial buffering and shock absorption when there is relative movement between the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2.

[0062] In this embodiment, the buffer assembly includes a first elastic sleeve 51 and a second elastic sleeve 52. The first elastic sleeve 51 is located between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole mounting seat, and the second elastic sleeve 52 is located between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning pin mounting seat.

[0063] Example 6

[0064] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that the buffer assembly of this embodiment further includes an inner metal sleeve 54 and an outer metal sleeve 55 on the basis of embodiment 5, and other structures are the same.

[0065] Specifically, if Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the buffer assembly further includes an inner metal sleeve 54 and an outer metal sleeve 55. The inner metal sleeve 54 is positioned between the second elastic sleeve 52 and the positioning pin 4, while the outer metal sleeve 55 is positioned between the second elastic sleeve 52 and the positioning pin mounting base. The inner metal sleeve 54 and the outer metal sleeve 55 are capable of withstanding high friction and exhibit high wear resistance. They protect the second elastic sleeve 52 and extend its service life.

[0066] Example 7

[0067] The positioning device includes a positioning pin 4 provided on the positioning pin mounting seat of the battery swap base 2, a positioning hole 3 provided on the positioning hole mounting seat of the battery frame 1, and a buffer assembly. The positioning pin 4 is inserted into the positioning hole 3. The buffer assembly is provided between the positioning pin mounting seat and the positioning pin 4 and / or between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole mounting seat and / or on the positioning pin 4. The buffer assembly can absorb the hole spacing deviation when there is a hole spacing deviation between the battery frame 1 and the battery swap base 2, and can provide radial buffering and shock absorption when there is relative movement between the battery frame 1 and the battery swap base 2. Among them, the positioning pin 4 includes a pin core 401 and a pin shell 402, and the pin shell 402 is sleeved on the pin core 401.

[0068] In this embodiment, the buffer assembly includes a first elastic sleeve 51 and a third elastic sleeve 53. The first elastic sleeve 51 is positioned between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole mounting seat. The positioning pin 4 includes a pin core 401 and a pin shell 402. The pin shell 402 is sleeved on the pin core 401. The third elastic sleeve 53 is positioned between the pin core 401 and the pin shell 402. Alternatively, the outer wall of the positioning pin 4 is provided with a receiving groove, and the third elastic sleeve 53 is embedded in the receiving groove. Optionally, the positioning pin 4 is fixedly mounted on the positioning pin mounting seat, and the positioning pin 4 and the positioning pin mounting seat are rigidly fixed.

[0069] Example 8

[0070] The positioning device includes a positioning pin 4 arranged on the positioning pin mounting seat of the battery exchange base 2, a positioning hole 3 arranged on the positioning hole mounting seat of the battery frame 1, and a buffer assembly. The positioning pin 4 is inserted into the positioning hole 3. The buffer assembly is arranged between the positioning pin mounting seat and the positioning pin 4 and / or between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole mounting seat and / or on the positioning pin 4. The buffer assembly can absorb the hole spacing deviation when there is a hole spacing deviation between the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2, and can provide radial buffering and shock absorption when there is relative movement between the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2.

[0071] In this embodiment, the buffer assembly includes a second elastic sleeve 52 and a third elastic sleeve 53, the second elastic sleeve 52 is located between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning pin mounting seat, the buffer assembly includes a third elastic sleeve 53, the positioning pin 4 includes a pin core 401 and a pin shell 402, the pin shell 402 is sleeved on the pin core 401, and the third elastic sleeve 53 is located between the pin core 401 and the pin shell 402; or, the outer wall of the positioning pin 4 is provided with a receiving groove, and the third elastic sleeve 53 is embedded in the receiving groove.

[0072] Example 9

[0073] The positioning device includes a positioning pin 4 arranged on the positioning pin mounting seat of the battery exchange base 2, a positioning hole 3 arranged on the positioning hole mounting seat of the battery frame 1, and a buffer assembly. The positioning pin 4 is inserted into the positioning hole 3. The buffer assembly is arranged between the positioning pin mounting seat and the positioning pin 4 and / or between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole mounting seat and / or on the positioning pin 4. The buffer assembly can absorb the hole spacing deviation when there is a hole spacing deviation between the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2, and can provide radial buffering and shock absorption when there is relative movement between the battery frame 1 and the battery exchange base 2.

[0074] In this embodiment, the buffer assembly includes a first elastic sleeve 51, a second elastic sleeve 52 and a third elastic sleeve 53. The first elastic sleeve 51 is located between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning hole mounting seat, the second elastic sleeve 52 is located between the positioning pin 4 and the positioning pin mounting seat, the positioning pin 4 includes a pin core 401 and a pin shell 402, the pin shell 402 is sleeved on the pin core 401, and the third elastic sleeve 53 is located between the pin core 401 and the pin shell 402; or, the outer wall of the positioning pin 4 is provided with a receiving groove, and the third elastic sleeve 53 is embedded in the receiving groove.

[0075] Example 10

[0076] The present invention also provides a heavy-duty electric truck, which includes a plurality of the above-mentioned positioning devices, and the plurality of positioning devices are arranged at intervals. The heavy-duty truck also includes a socket 8 of a power-swap connector provided on the battery frame 1, and a plug 9 of a power-swap connector provided on the power-swap base 2, and the plug 9 of the power-swap connector is plugged into the socket 8 of the power-swap connector. Optionally, a plurality of positioning devices are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the battery frame 1. The positioning effect of the battery frame 1 and the power-swap base 2 can be improved. In the heavy-duty electric truck, the electrical coordination between the battery frame 1 and the power-swap base 2 is achieved by plugging the plug 9 of the power-swap connector into the socket 8 of the power-swap connector, and the battery frame 1 and the power-swap base 2 are positioned by plugging the positioning pin 4 into the positioning hole 3, so that the plug 9 of the power-swap connector is aligned with the socket 8 of the power-swap connector, so that the plug 9 of the power-swap connector is accurately inserted into the socket 8 of the power-swap connector, and the power-swap connector is prevented from being damaged when the plug 9 of the power-swap connector is inserted into the socket 8 of the power-swap connector without being aligned with the socket 8 of the power-swap connector, thereby improving the service life of the power-swap connector and the reliability of the electrical connection.

[0077] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning device for positioning the relative positions of a battery frame (1) and a battery exchange base (2) in a heavy-load battery exchange system for a truck, characterized in that: include: A positioning pin (4), the positioning pin (4) being arranged on a positioning pin mounting seat of the battery exchange base (2); A positioning hole (3), the positioning hole (3) being provided on a positioning hole mounting seat of the battery frame (1), and the positioning pin (4) being inserted into the positioning hole (3); A buffer assembly, wherein the buffer assembly can absorb a hole spacing deviation when there is a hole spacing deviation between the battery frame (1) and the battery exchange base (2), and can provide radial buffering and shock absorption when there is relative movement between the battery frame (1) and the battery exchange base (2), and the buffer assembly can enable the positioning pin (4) to flexibly and tightly fit with the positioning hole (3); Wherein, the buffer assembly includes at least one of the following structures: a first elastic sleeve (51) and a second elastic sleeve (52), wherein the first elastic sleeve (51) is located between the positioning pin (4) and the positioning hole mounting seat, and the second elastic sleeve (52) is located between the positioning pin (4) and the positioning pin mounting seat; A third elastic sleeve (53), the positioning pin (4) includes a pin core (401) and a pin shell (402), the third elastic sleeve (53) connects the pin core (401) and the pin shell (402), and is located between the pin core (401) and the pin shell (402); or, the outer wall of the positioning pin (4) is provided with a receiving groove, and the third elastic sleeve (53) is embedded in the receiving groove.

2. The positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that The buffer assembly further comprises an inner metal sleeve (54) and an outer metal sleeve (55), wherein the inner metal sleeve (54) is arranged between the second elastic sleeve (52) and the positioning pin (4), and the outer metal sleeve (55) is arranged between the second elastic sleeve (52) and the positioning pin mounting seat.

3. A heavy-duty electric truck, characterized in that: The device comprises a plurality of positioning devices according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the plurality of positioning devices are arranged at intervals.

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