A fast-battery-changing pure electric excavator

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fast-battery-changing pure electric excavator, comprising a battery pack, a fixing seat and an adjustment box, wherein a plurality of guide plates are evenly distributed on the side wall of the fixing seat, and adjustment boxes are arranged on both the front and rear sides of the fixing seat, and a driving rotating shaft and a driven rotating shaft are arranged in the adjustment box, a first gear and a second gear are fixed on the driving rotating shaft, a limiting plate is fixed on the driven rotating shaft, a third gear is fixed on the limiting plate, and a plurality of fourth gears are fixed on the driven rotating shaft, the third gear and the fourth gear are respectively meshed with racks on the back side of the guide plate at corresponding positions, and a self-locking device is arranged in the adjustment box, and the self-locking device comprises a brake disc and a lock disc; the present invention utilizes the limiting disc and the lock disc to prevent the driven rotating shaft from rotating in reverse, so as to prevent the battery pack from falling off when taking out the battery pack; in the process of installing the battery pack, the friction between the limiting disc and the brake pad is utilized to limit the speed of the reverse rotation of the driven rotating shaft, so as to ensure the safety of the battery pack lifting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of excavator equipment, and in particular relates to a quick-battery-changing pure electric excavator. Background Art

[0002] As oil resources become increasingly scarce and traditional fuel engines are seriously polluting, new energy sources are gradually entering the market, and pure electric excavators are gradually replacing transmission excavators. However, due to technical limitations, the charging process of pure electric excavators takes a long time. Although the charging speed is constantly increasing with the development of technology, it still cannot be compared with the refueling time of traditional fuel engines. Replacing the battery pack that needs to be charged on the excavator with the battery pack that has been charged by the charging pile can get rid of the limitation of charging time and greatly improve the use efficiency of pure electric excavators.

[0003] However, compared with other vehicles such as cars, excavators require greater power when working. Therefore, the battery packs used in pure electric excavators are larger and heavier, which makes it difficult to replace the battery packs. Generally, a battery replacement robot is used to replace the battery pack. However, after the battery pack is fixed on the excavator, the fixing device of the battery pack limits the clamping position of the battery replacement robot, which is easy to clamp loosely and cause accidents. By lifting the battery pack, the battery replacement robot can better clamp the battery pack and replace the battery pack. Therefore, improvements are needed to address the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a pure electric excavator with fast battery replacement to solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a fast-battery-changing pure electric excavator, comprising a battery pack, a fixing seat and an adjustment box, the fixing seat is fixed on the pure electric excavator, a plurality of guide plates are evenly distributed on the side wall of the fixing seat, a rack is arranged on the back side of the guide plate, the guide plate is slidably connected to the fixing seat, a support plate is horizontally placed inside the fixing seat, and the lower end of the guide plate is fixedly connected to the support plate, an adjustment box is arranged on both the front and rear sides of the fixing seat, the upper side of the adjustment box is opened, a driving shaft and a driven shaft are arranged in the adjustment box, the driving shaft and the driven shaft are both rotatably connected to the adjustment box through rolling bearings, the right end of the driving shaft passes through the adjustment box, a rotating handle is fixed to the right end of the driving shaft, a first gear and a second gear are fixed on the driving shaft, a limit plate is fixed on the driven shaft, a third gear is fixed on the limit plate, the third gear is meshed with the first gear, the right end of the driven shaft passes through the adjustment box, and a plurality of fourth gears are fixed on the driven shaft, and the third gear and the fourth gear are respectively meshed with the racks on the back side of the guide plate at the corresponding position.

[0006] A self-locking device is arranged in the adjusting box, and the self-locking device comprises a brake disc and a locking disc, and the brake disc and the locking disc are distributed on the left and right sides of the limiting disc, and two connecting rods are arranged between the brake disc and the locking disc, and the two connecting rods are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the third gear, and the two ends of the connecting rods are fixedly connected to the brake disc and the locking disc respectively, and through holes are arranged in the middle of the brake disc and the locking disc, a brake pad is fixed on the right side of the brake disc, and limiting grooves are arranged in an annular manner on the left side of the locking disc, each limiting groove is composed of a limiting surface plane and a guide inclined surface, and a limiting protrusion is arranged on the right side of the limiting disc, and the limiting protrusion is composed of a limiting surface plane and a guide inclined plane, the shape of the limiting protrusion corresponds to the limiting groove one by one, a push plate is arranged on the right side of the lock disk, the front and rear edge parts of the push plate are slidably connected with the first slide rod, the right end of the first slide rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjusting box, two second slide rods are symmetrically fixed to the front and rear of the right side of the lock disk, the second slide rod is slidably connected to the push plate, a spring is sleeved on the second slide rod, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the lock disk, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the push plate, the push plate is rotatably connected to the adjusting drum through a rolling bearing, a fifth gear is fixed on the adjusting drum, and the fifth gear is meshed with the second gear.

[0007] Preferably, the adjusting cylinder is sleeved with the driven shaft, and a threaded portion is provided on the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder, buffer cavities are provided on both left and right ends of the threaded portion, a thread is provided on the driven shaft, and the thread stroke length on the driven shaft is equal to the width of the buffer cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the upper ends of the guide plates are bent outwards.

[0009] Preferably, the left ends of the driven rotating shafts on the front and rear sides of the fixing seat are connected via a transmission belt.

[0010] Preferably, a protrusion is provided between adjacent fourth gears, the protrusion is fixedly connected to the fixing seat, and the driven shaft is rotationally connected to the protrusion via a rolling bearing.

[0011] Preferably, a limiting protrusion is provided at the right end of the second sliding rod.

[0012] Preferably, a buffer pad is provided on the side wall of the buffer cavity.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: on the one hand, the present invention utilizes the cooperation of the third gear and the fourth gear with the guide plate to drive the guide plate to move upward and lift the battery pack, so as to facilitate quick removal of the battery pack. On the other hand, in the process of removing the battery, the lock disk is used to limit the driven shaft. When the driven shaft rotates forward to drive the battery pack to rise upward, the guide inclined surface of the limiting protrusion of the limiting plate slides relative to the guide inclined surface of the limiting groove of the locking plate. When the driven shaft rotates reversely, the limiting plane of the limiting protrusion of the limiting plate contacts the limiting plane of the limiting groove of the locking plate, so as to avoid the reverse rotation of the driven shaft, so as to ensure that the driven shaft always rotates forward during the process of removing the battery, so as to avoid the reverse rotation of the driven shaft, which may cause the battery pack to fall and cause an accident. In the process of installing the battery pack, the friction between the limiting plate and the brake pad is used to limit the reverse rotation speed of the driven shaft, so as to avoid the battery pack from falling and colliding quickly during the process of placing the battery pack into the fixing seat. The battery pack is lifted to facilitate replacement, and the lock disk and the brake disk are used to ensure the safety of the battery pack lifting process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is the main structure diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 A top view of the fixing seat of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the regulating box of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the drum according to the present invention.

[0018] Numbers in the figure: 1 battery pack; 2 fixing seat; 3 guide plate; 4 support plate; 5 adjustment box; 6 driving shaft; 601 rotating handle; 7 driven shaft; 8 first gear; 9 second gear; 10 limit plate; 11 third gear; 12 fourth gear; 13 brake disc; 14 lock disc; 15 connecting rod; 16 push plate; 17 first slide bar; 18 second slide bar; 19 spring; 20 adjusting drum; 2001 threaded portion; 2002 buffer chamber; 21 fifth gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0020] like Figure 1-4As shown, a fast-battery-changing pure electric excavator includes a battery pack 1, a fixing seat 2 and an adjustment box 5. The fixing seat 2 is fixed on the pure electric excavator. A plurality of guide plates 3 are evenly distributed on the side wall of the fixing seat 2. A rack is arranged on the back of the guide plate 3. The guide plate 3 is slidably connected to the fixing seat 2. A support plate 4 is horizontally placed inside the fixing seat 2. The lower end of the guide plate 3 is fixedly connected to the support plate 4. The fixing seat 2 is provided with an adjustment box 5 on both the front and rear sides. The upper side of the adjustment box 5 is opened. A driving shaft 6 and a driven shaft 7 are arranged in the adjustment box 5. The driving shaft 6 and The driven rotating shaft 7 is rotatably connected with the adjusting box 5 through a rolling bearing, the right end of the driving rotating shaft 6 passes through the adjusting box 5, a rotating handle 601 is fixed to the right end of the driving rotating shaft 6, a first gear 8 and a second gear 9 are fixed to the driving rotating shaft 6, a limit plate 10 is fixed to the driven rotating shaft 7, a third gear 11 is fixed to the limit plate 10, the third gear 11 is meshed with the first gear 8, the right end of the driven rotating shaft 7 passes through the adjusting box 5, and a plurality of fourth gears 12 are fixed to the driven rotating shaft 7, the third gear 11 and the fourth gear 12 are respectively meshed with the racks on the back side of the guide plate 3 at the corresponding positions.

[0021] In this embodiment, a self-locking device is provided in the adjusting box 5, and the self-locking device includes a brake disc 13 and a lock disc 14. The brake disc 13 and the lock disc 14 are distributed on the left and right sides of the limit disc 10, and two connecting rods 15 are provided between the brake disc 13 and the lock disc 14. The two connecting rods 15 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the third gear 11, and the two ends of the connecting rods 15 are respectively fixedly connected to the brake disc 13 and the lock disc 14. Through holes are provided in the middle of the brake disc 13 and the lock disc 14 to facilitate the passage of the driven shaft 7. A brake pad is fixed on the right side of the brake disc 13. The friction between the brake pad and the limit disc 10 is used to limit the rotation of the limit disc 10. A limiting groove is distributed in an annular manner on the left side of the lock disc 14, and each limiting groove is composed of a limiting surface plane and a guide inclined surface. A limiting protrusion is provided on the right side of the limit disc 10, and the limiting protrusion is composed of a limiting surface plane and a guide inclined surface. The guide bevel is composed of a guide slope, and the shape of the limiting protrusion corresponds to the limiting groove one by one, so that when the third gear 11 rotates to drive the guide plate 3 to rise, the guiding bevel of the limiting protrusion slides relative to the guiding bevel of the limiting groove. A push plate 16 is arranged on the right side of the lock disk 14, and the front and rear edge parts of the push plate 16 are slidably connected with the first slide bar 17, and the right end of the first slide bar 17 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjustment box 5. Two second slide bars 18 are symmetrically fixed to the front and rear of the right side of the lock disk 14, and the second slide bar 18 is slidably connected to the push plate 16. A spring 19 is sleeved on the second slide bar 18, one end of the spring 19 is fixedly connected to the lock disk 14, and the other end of the spring 19 is fixedly connected to the push plate 16. The push plate 16 is rotatably connected to the adjusting drum 20 through a rolling bearing, and a fifth gear 21 is fixed on the adjusting drum 20, and the fifth gear 21 is meshed with the second gear 9.

[0022] In this embodiment, the adjusting cylinder 20 is sleeved with the driven shaft 7, and a threaded portion 2001 is provided on the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder 20, and buffer cavities 2002 are provided on both ends of the threaded portion 2001. A thread is provided on the driven shaft 7, and the length of the thread stroke on the driven shaft 7 is equal to the width of the buffer cavity 2002.

[0023] In this embodiment, the upper ends of the guide plates 3 are bent outwards to facilitate placement of the battery pack 1 on the support plate 4 .

[0024] In this embodiment, the left ends of the driven rotating shafts 7 on the front and rear sides of the fixing seat 2 are connected by a transmission belt, so that the two driven rotating shafts 7 can rotate synchronously.

[0025] In this embodiment, a protrusion 201 is provided between adjacent fourth gears 12 , the protrusion 201 is fixedly connected to the fixing seat 2 , and the driven shaft 7 is rotatably connected to the protrusion 201 via a rolling bearing.

[0026] In this embodiment, the pitch circle diameter of the first gear 8 is smaller than the pitch circle diameter of the second gear 9 , so that the transmission ratio of the second gear 9 to the fifth gear 21 is greater than the transmission ratio of the first gear to the third gear 11 .

[0027] In this embodiment, a limiting protrusion is provided at the right end of the second sliding rod 18 to prevent the second sliding rod 18 from being separated from the push plate 16 .

[0028] In this embodiment, a buffer pad is provided on the side wall of the buffer cavity 2002 to prevent the threads on the driven shaft 7 from directly contacting and colliding with the side wall of the buffer cavity 2002 .

[0029] Working principle of the present invention: when replacing the battery pack 1 of the pure electric excavator, in the process of lifting and taking out the battery pack 1, the active shaft 6 is rotated by rotating the handle 601, the active shaft 6 drives the first gear 8 and the second gear 9 to rotate, the first gear 8 drives the third gear 11 to rotate, the second gear 9 drives the fifth gear 21 to rotate, and under the cooperation of the thread on the driven shaft 7 and the threaded part 2001, the adjustment drum 20 moves to the left, pushing the push plate 16 to compress the spring 19, and the elastic force of the spring 19 is used to push the brake disc 13 and the lock disc 14 to move to the left, until the thread on the driven shaft 7 enters the buffer cavity 2002 on the right side of the threaded part 2001, so that the buffer pad on the side wall of the buffer cavity 2002 on the right side of the threaded part 2001 is elastically deformed and squeezed, and at the same time, the left side of the lock disc 14 The guiding slope of the limiting groove contacts with the guiding slope of the limiting protrusion on the right side of the limiting plate 10, and then the fifth gear 21 continues to rotate, and the relative position of the push plate 16 is fixed. At this time, the third gear 11 and the fourth gear 12 cooperate with the guide plate 3 to drive the guide plate 3 to move upward, and the battery pack 1 is lifted, so as to facilitate the quick removal of the battery pack 1. In the process of taking out the battery, the lock plate 14 is used to limit the driven shaft. When the driven shaft 7 rotates forward to drive the battery pack 1 to rise upward, the guiding slope of the limiting protrusion of the limiting plate 10 slides relative to the guiding slope of the limiting groove of the lock plate 14. When the driven shaft 7 rotates reversely, the limiting plane of the limiting protrusion of the limiting plate 10 contacts with the limiting plane of the limiting groove of the lock plate 14, so as to prevent the driven shaft 7 from rotating reversely and causing the battery pack 1 to fall and cause an accident.

[0030] During the installation of the battery pack 1, the battery pack 1 is placed on the support plate 4, a crowbar is inserted into the adjustment box 5, and the lock plate 14 is pushed to the right to separate the lock plate 14 from the limit plate 10. Then, under the action of the battery pack 1's own weight, the guide plate 3 slides downward, driving the driven shaft 7 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the buffer pad on the side wall of the buffer cavity 2002 on the left side of the threaded portion 2001 undergoes elastic deformation and returns to its original state, so that the threaded portion 2001 contacts the thread on the driven shaft 7. Under the cooperation of the threaded portion 2001 and the thread on the driven shaft 7, the adjustment rotation 20 drives the push plate 16 to move to the right, and the push plate 16 and The second slide bar 18 contacts the limiting protrusion on the right end, and then the push plate 16 drives the brake disc 13 and the lock disc 14 to move to the right through the slide bar 18 until the thread on the driven shaft 7 enters the buffer cavity 2002 on the left side of the threaded portion 2001, causing the buffer pad on the side wall of the buffer cavity 2002 on the left side of the threaded portion 2001 to be elastically deformed and squeezed. At the same time, the brake pad on the brake disc 13 contacts the limiting plate 10, and the friction between the limiting plate 10 and the brake pad is used to limit the speed of the reverse rotation of the driven shaft 7, thereby avoiding the battery pack 2 from colliding when the battery pack 1 is placed in the fixing seat 2.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast-battery-changing pure electric excavator, comprising a battery pack, a fixing seat and an adjustment box, characterized in that: The fixing seat is fixed on the pure electric excavator, and a plurality of guide plates are evenly distributed on the side walls of the fixing seat. Racks are arranged on the back sides of the guide plates, and the guide plates are slidably connected to the fixing seat. A support plate is horizontally placed inside the fixing seat, and the lower end of the guide plate is fixedly connected to the support plate. Adjustment boxes are arranged on the front and rear sides of the fixing seat, and the upper side of the adjustment box is opened. A driving shaft and a driven shaft are arranged in the adjustment box. The driving shaft and the driven shaft are both rotatably connected to the adjustment box through rolling bearings. The right end of the driving shaft passes through the adjustment box, and a rotating handle is fixed to the right end of the driving shaft. A first gear and a second gear are fixed on the driving shaft, and a limit plate is fixed on the driven shaft. A third gear is fixed on the limit plate, and the third gear is meshed with the first gear. The right end of the driven shaft passes through the adjustment box, and a plurality of fourth gears are fixed on the driven shaft, and the third gear and the fourth gear are respectively meshed with the racks on the back sides of the guide plates at corresponding positions. A self-locking device is arranged in the adjustment box, and the self-locking device includes a brake disc, a lock disc, a brake disc and a lock disc Distributed on the left and right sides of the limit plate, and two connecting rods are arranged between the brake disc and the lock disc, the two connecting rods are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the third gear, and the two ends of the connecting rods are fixedly connected to the brake disc and the lock disc respectively, through holes are arranged in the middle of the brake disc and the lock disc, a brake pad is fixed on the right side of the brake disc, and limiting grooves are arranged in an annular manner on the left side of the lock disc, each limiting groove is composed of a limiting surface plane and a guide inclined surface, and a limiting protrusion is arranged on the right side of the limit plate, the limiting protrusion is composed of a limiting surface plane and a guide inclined surface, and the shape of the limiting protrusion is consistent with the limiting groove One-to-one correspondence, a push plate is provided on the right side of the lock disk, and the front and rear edges of the push plate are slidably connected with the first slide rod, the right end of the first slide rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the adjusting box, and two second slide rods are symmetrically fixed to the front and rear of the right side of the lock disk, the second slide rod is slidably connected to the push plate, a spring is sleeved on the second slide rod, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the lock disk, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the push plate, the push plate is rotatably connected to the adjusting drum through a rolling bearing, a fifth gear is fixed on the adjusting drum, and the fifth gear is meshed with the second gear.

2. A fast-battery-changing pure electric excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left ends of the driven rotating shafts at the front and rear sides of the fixing seat are connected through a transmission belt.

3. A fast-battery-changing pure electric excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bulge is arranged between adjacent fourth gears, the bulge is fixedly connected to the fixing seat, and the driven shaft is rotationally connected to the bulge via a rolling bearing.

4. A fast-battery-changing pure electric excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting cylinder is sleeved with the driven shaft, and a threaded portion is provided on the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder, buffer cavities are provided on both ends of the threaded portion, buffer pads are provided on the side walls of the buffer cavity, and threads are provided on the driven shaft, and the thread stroke length on the driven shaft is equal to the width of the buffer cavity.

5. The fast-battery-changing pure electric excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting protrusion is arranged at the right end of the second sliding rod.

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