A method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells
By performing initial parameter calculation and abnormal model diagnosis on the ground power diagram of the oil pump well, the liquid production calculation errors caused by the quality problems of the power diagram are solved, and the wrong power diagrams are automatically screened to improve the production measurement accuracy and operation and maintenance efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202210569284.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-05-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-05-24
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, due to the abnormal synchronization of test accuracy, load and displacement data in the pump well, the quality of the power diagram has many problems, the working condition diagnosis and liquid production calculation are inaccurate, and the error is large, resulting in serious liquid production calculation errors.
A method for diagnosing data quality of the ground power diagram of the oil pump well is provided. Through the calculation of the initial parameters of the power diagram, including the arrangement and adjustment of displacement and load data, the parameters and initial average load of the upper and lower strokes are calculated, and data quality diagnosis is carried out in combination with a variety of abnormal models.
By automatically filtering incorrect power diagrams, we can improve the production accuracy, automatically check abnormal wells, reduce the labor intensity of employees, improve operation and maintenance efficiency, and avoid the problem of unqualified power diagrams.
Smart Images
Figure CN114969663B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oilfield production management, and specifically to a method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells. Background Technique
[0002] Rod pumping equipment is one of the main types of pumping units currently used in oilfields around the world. When the pumping unit works, the power transmission of the motor is changed into the up-and-down movement of the suspension point of the pumping unit through the gearbox and the crank connecting rod mechanism. The suspension point drives the plunger of the downhole oil pump to move up and down through the polished rod and the sucker rod, so as to continuously pump the crude oil in the well out of the wellbore. The surface dynamometer card is the main way to diagnose the working conditions of pumping wells and calculate the liquid production.
[0003] However, the conventional oil well dynamometer card test on the market is carried out once a month, mainly for testing the working conditions of oil wells. In recent years, with the rapid development of information technology, load and displacement sensors have been basically installed in oil wells, realizing the collection and transmission of surface dynamometer cards every 30 minutes, and calculating the liquid production in real time. However, in actual applications, there are many quality problems with the dynamometer cards due to reasons such as test accuracy and asynchronous load and displacement data, resulting in inaccurate working condition diagnosis and calculation of liquid production, with large errors. Therefore, serious calculation errors of liquid production will occur. So we propose a method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells to solve the problems raised above. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells to solve the problems raised in the above background technique. In actual applications, there are many quality problems with the dynamometer cards due to reasons such as test accuracy and asynchronous load and displacement data, resulting in inaccurate working condition diagnosis and calculation of liquid production, with large errors. Therefore, there will be serious problems of incorrect calculation of liquid production.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells; Calculation of initial parameters of the dynamometer card: Arrangement of A1 dynamometer card data; First, arrange the displacements in ascending order, and make corresponding adjustments to the load data; When there are multiple zero displacements, use the first zero displacement as the first displacement point, and when there are multiple maximum displacements, use the last displacement as the maximum displacement point m;
[0006] A2 Calculate the parameters of the upstroke and downstroke; first, define the upstroke and downstroke of the indicator diagram according to the displacement value; the displacement from the point with the minimum value, i.e., p(1), to the point with the maximum displacement p(m) is the upstroke u, and the number of points is distributed from p(1) to p(m), with the maximum displacement u(m); from the next point p(m + 1) of the point with the maximum displacement to the last point p(k) is the downstroke d, and the number of points is distributed from p(m + 1) to p(k); the stroke is s = u(m);
[0007] A3 Calculate the initial average load of the upstroke and downstroke;
[0008]
[0009] The F ou is the initial average load of the upstroke, and the F od is the initial average load of the downstroke;
[0010] Diagnosis of the data quality of the indicator diagram:
[0011] Abnormal model 1, one or several points of displacement or load show discontinuity;
[0012] Abnormal model 2, the initial average load of the upstroke is less than the initial average load of the downstroke;
[0013] Abnormal model 3, the number of points in the upstroke is greater than the number of points in the downstroke or the number of points in the downstroke is greater than the number of points in the upstroke;
[0014] Abnormal model 4, the maximum load appears in the downstroke or the minimum load appears in the upstroke, and the load fluctuations in the upstroke and downstroke are relatively large. Among them, the relatively large load fluctuations in the upstroke and downstroke are specifically expressed as:
[0015] |F max(u) -F min(u) | / F max(u) >0.25 or |F max(d) -F min(d) | / F max(d) >0.25;
[0016] Divide the upstroke of the indicator diagram from the start to the end into three segments, namely p(a, b), p(b, c), and p(c, d);
[0017] Divide the downstroke of the indicator diagram from the start to the end into three segments, namely p(d, e), p(e, f), and p(f, a);
[0018] Calculate the maximum and minimum loads of the p(b, c) and p(e, f) segments: F max(bc) 、F min(bc)、 F max(ef)、 F min(ef) ;
[0019] Abnormal model five: The upstroke and the downstroke intersect in the middle area of the stroke, and the load difference between the upstroke and the downstroke is large. The load difference between the upstroke and the downstroke is relatively large, specifically expressed as:
[0020] |(F max(bc) -F min(bc) ) / F max(bc) |>0.25 or (F max(ef) -F min(ef) ) / F max(ef) >0.25;
[0021] Abnormal model six: The stroke frequency range is severely abnormal. The severe abnormality of the stroke frequency range means that when the stroke frequency n < 0.15 strokes / min or n > 15 strokes / min;
[0022] Abnormal model seven: The maximum displacement or the stroke of the upstroke is greater than 8 m;
[0023] Abnormal model eight: The number of points on the indicator diagram does not match the preset 200 points.
[0024] Preferably, the judgment logic formula for abnormal model one is Logic One, |u p+1 -u p |>=u3 max ; Logic Two, F P >F P-1 ,(F P -F p-1 ) / F p >0.35 or F p-1 >F p ,(F P-1 -F P ) / F P-1 >0.35; The logical judgment relationship is that when Logic One or Logic Two holds, the indicator diagram is abnormal.
[0025] Preferably, the judgment logical judgment relationship for abnormal model two is that when F 0u <F 0d , the indicator diagram is abnormal.
[0026] Preferably, the judgment logic formula for abnormal model three is Logic One, m>1.8*(k - m); Logic Two, (k - m)>1.7*m; The logical judgment relationship is that when Logic One or Logic Two holds, the indicator diagram is abnormal.
[0027] Preferably, the judgment logic condition for abnormal model four is;
[0028] Logical condition one, or Logical condition two, |F max(u) -F min(u) | / F max(u) >0.25 or |Fmax(d) -F min(d) | / F max(d) > 0.25; Logic relation judgment: When logical condition one holds and logical condition two holds, the indicator diagram is abnormal.
[0029] Preferably, the judgment logic formula for abnormal model five is logic one, obtaining the trajectories of two curves of p(b, c) and p(e, f); judging whether the intersection of the corresponding two curves holds or there are two points x and y satisfying U x -U y ≤ Um / (k / 2) and F ux -F dy ≤ 0; Logic two, extracting the maximum load and minimum load of the p(b, c) section, satisfying |(F max(bc) -F min(bc) ) / F max(bc) | > 0.25; Logic three, extracting the maximum load and minimum load of the p(e, f) section, satisfying (F max(ef) -F min(ef) ) / F max(ef) > 0.25; Logic relation judgment: When logic one and logic two hold or when logic one and logic three hold, the indicator diagram is abnormal.
[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: When there are many incorrect indicator diagrams in a single well, it not only affects the production measurement results, but also reflects that there may be abnormal loads and other situations in the well, which cannot be completed by manual screening; the method for diagnosing the data quality of the surface indicator diagram of the pumping well avoids the problem of unqualified indicator diagrams. Through the automatic diagnosis method of the indicator diagram quality of the present technical solution, incorrect indicator diagrams are automatically screened, achieving the purpose of improving the production measurement accuracy, automatically detecting abnormal wells, reducing the labor intensity of workers, and improving the operation and maintenance efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] Figure 1 It is the indicator diagram of abnormal model one of the method for diagnosing the data quality of the surface indicator diagram of a pumping well according to the present invention;
[0032] Figure 2 It is the first abnormal model two indicator diagram of the method for diagnosing the data quality of the surface indicator diagram of a pumping well according to the present invention;
[0033] Figure 3 It is the second abnormal model two indicator diagram of the method for diagnosing the data quality of the surface indicator diagram of a pumping well according to the present invention;
[0034] Figure 4 It is the first abnormal model three indicator diagram of the method for diagnosing the data quality of the surface indicator diagram of a pumping well according to the present invention;
[0035] Figure 5For the second abnormal model three dynamometer cards of the method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells in the present invention;
[0036] Figure 6 For the first abnormal model four dynamometer cards of the method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells in the present invention;
[0037] Figure 7 For the second abnormal model four dynamometer cards of the method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells in the present invention;
[0038] Figure 8 For the first abnormal model five dynamometer cards of the method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells in the present invention;
[0039] Figure 9 For the second abnormal model five dynamometer cards of the method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells in the present invention;
[0040] Figure 10 For the first abnormal model six dynamometer cards of the method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells in the present invention;
[0041] Figure 11 For the second abnormal model six dynamometer cards of the method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells in the present invention;
[0042] Figure 12 For the first abnormal model seven dynamometer cards of the method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells in the present invention;
[0043] Figure 13 For the second abnormal model seven dynamometer cards of the method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells in the present invention.
[0044] In the figure: A is the upstroke curve; B is the downstroke curve. Specific implementation manners
[0045] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0046] The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for diagnosing the data quality of surface dynamometer cards of pumping wells. Calculation of initial parameters of dynamometer cards: Arrangement of A1 dynamometer card data; First, arrange the displacements in ascending order, and make corresponding adjustments to the load data; When there are multiple zero displacements, use the first zero displacement as the first displacement point, and when there are multiple maximum displacements, use the last displacement as the maximum displacement point m;
[0047] A2 Calculate the parameters of the up and down strokes; first, define the up and down strokes of the indicator diagram according to the displacement value; the displacement ranges from the point with the minimum value (usually 0, if there are more than two points with a displacement of 0, then take the first point), that is, from p(1) to the point p(m) with the maximum displacement is the up stroke u, the number of points is distributed from p(1) to p(m), and the maximum displacement is u(m); from the next point p(m + 1) of the point with the maximum displacement back to the last point p(k) is the down stroke d, and the number of points is distributed from p(m + 1) to p(k); the stroke is s = u(m);
[0048] A3 Calculate the initial average load of the up and down strokes;
[0049]
[0050] F ou is the initial average load of the up stroke, and the said F od is the initial average load of the down stroke.
[0051] Diagnosis of the data quality of the indicator diagram:
[0052] Example 1
[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 , Abnormal model 1, one or several points of displacement or load show discontinuity;
[0054] The judgment logic formula of abnormal model 1 is Logic 1, |u p+1 -u p | >= u3 max ; Logic 2, F P > F P-1 , (F P -F p-1 ) / F p > 0.35 or F p-1 > F p , (F P-1 -F P ) / F P-1 > 0.35; The logical judgment relationship is that when Logic 1 or Logic 2 holds, the indicator diagram is abnormal.
[0055] Example 2
[0056] Please refer to Figures 2 - 3 , Abnormal model 2, the average load of the up stroke is less than the average load of the down stroke;
[0057] The judgment logic judgment relationship of abnormal model 2 is that when F 0u < F 0d , the indicator diagram is abnormal.
[0058] Example 3
[0059] Please refer to Figures 4 - 5 , Abnormal Model Three, the number of points in the upstroke is greater than that in the downstroke or the number of points in the downstroke is greater than that in the upstroke;
[0060] The judgment logic formula for Abnormal Model Three is Logic One, m > 1.8*(k - m); Logic Two, (k - m) > 1.7*m; The logical judgment relationship is that when Logic One or Logic Two holds, the indicator diagram is abnormal.
[0061] Abnormal Model Four, the maximum load appears in the downstroke or the minimum load appears in the upstroke, and the load fluctuations in the up and down strokes are relatively large.
[0062] Example Four
[0063] Please refer to Figures 6 - 7 , The judgment logic conditions for Abnormal Model Four are;
[0064] Logic Condition One, or Logic Condition Two, |F max(u) -F min(u) | / F max(u) > 0.25 or |F max(d) -F min(d) | / F max(d) > 0.25; Logical relationship discrimination: When Logic Condition One holds and Logic Condition Two holds, the indicator diagram is abnormal.
[0065] Example Five
[0066] Please refer to Figures 8 - 9 , Abnormal Model Five, the upstroke and the downstroke intersect in the middle region of the stroke, and the load difference between the upstroke and the downstroke is large;
[0067] Divide the upstroke of the indicator diagram from the start end to the end into three segments, namely p(a, b), p(b, c), p(c, d);
[0068] Divide the downstroke of the indicator diagram from the start end to the end into three segments, namely p(d, e), p(e, f), p(f, a);
[0069] Calculate the maximum and minimum loads of the p(b, c) and p(e, f) segments: F max(bc) 、F min(bc)、 F max(ef)、 F min(ef) ;
[0070] The judgment logic formula for Abnormal Model Five is Logic One, obtain the trajectories of the two curves of p(b, c) and p(e, f); Judge whether the corresponding two curves intersect or there exist two points x and y that satisfy U x -U y ≤ Um / (k / 2) and F ux-F dy ≤ 0; Logic two, extract the maximum and minimum loads of the p(b, c) segment, satisfying |(F max(bc) -F min(bc) ) / F max(bc) | > 0.25; Logic three, extract the maximum and minimum loads of the p(e, f) segment, satisfying (F max(ef) -F min(ef) ) / F max(ef) > 0.25; Logic relation judgment, when logic one and logic two hold or when logic one and logic three hold, the indicator diagram is abnormal.
[0071] Example Six
[0072] Please refer to Figures 10 - 11 , Abnormal model six, the stroke range is severely abnormal;
[0073] When the stroke n < 0.15 strokes / min or n > 15 strokes / min, the indicator diagram is abnormal.
[0074] Example Seven
[0075] Please refer to Figures 12 - 13 , Abnormal model seven, the maximum displacement or stroke during the upstroke is greater than 8 m.
[0076] Example Eight
[0077] Abnormal model eight, the number of points on the indicator diagram does not match the preset 200 points.
[0078] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for diagnosing the data quality of the surface dynamometer card of a pumping unit well, characterized in that: Calculation of initial parameters of the dynamometer card: Arrangement of A1 dynamometer card data; First, arrange the displacements in ascending order, and make corresponding adjustments to the load data; When there are multiple zero displacements, take the first zero displacement as the first displacement point, and when there are multiple maximum displacements, take the last displacement as the maximum displacement point m; A2 Calculate the parameters of the upstroke and downstroke; First, define the upstroke and downstroke of the dynamometer card according to the displacement value; The displacement from the point with the minimum value, i.e., p(1) to the point p(m) with the maximum displacement is the upstroke u, the number of points is distributed from p(1) to p(m), and the maximum displacement is u(m); From the next point p(m + 1) of the displacement maximum point back to the last point p(k) is the downstroke d, and the number of points is distributed from p(m + 1) to p(k); The stroke is s = u(m); A3 Calculate the initial average load of the upstroke and downstroke; The F ou is the initial average load during the upstroke, and the F od is the initial average load during the downstroke; Diagnosis of the data quality of the dynamometer card: Abnormal model one, one or several points of displacement or load show discontinuity; Abnormal model two, the initial average load of the upstroke is less than the initial average load of the downstroke; Abnormal model three, the number of points in the upstroke is greater than the number of points in the downstroke or the number of points in the downstroke is greater than the number of points in the upstroke; Abnormal model four, the maximum load appears in the downstroke or the minimum load appears in the upstroke, and the load fluctuations in the upstroke and downstroke are relatively large. Among them, the relatively large load fluctuations in the upstroke and downstroke are specifically expressed as: |F max(u) -F min(u) | / F max(u) >0.25 or |F max(d) -F min(d) | / F max(d) >0.25; Divide the upstroke of the dynamometer card into three sections from the start end to the end, namely p(a, b), p(b, c), p(c, d); Divide the downstroke of the dynamometer card into three sections from the start end to the end, namely p(d, e), p(e, f), p(f, a); Calculate the maximum and minimum loads for the p(b, c) and p(e, f) segments: F max(bc) 、F min(bc)、 F max(ef)、 F min(ef) ; Abnormal model five, the upstroke and downstroke intersect in the middle area of the stroke, and the load difference between the upstroke and downstroke is large. Among them, the relatively large load difference between the upstroke and downstroke is specifically expressed as: |(F max(bc) -F min(bc) ) / F max(bc) |> 0.25 or (F max(ef) -F min(ef) ) / F max(ef) > 0.25; Abnormal model six, the range of the pumping speed is severely abnormal. Among them, the severe abnormality of the pumping speed range means that when the pumping speed n < 0.15 strokes / min or n > 15 strokes / min; Abnormal model seven, the maximum displacement or stroke of the upstroke is greater than 8m; Abnormal model eight, the number of points of the dynamometer card does not match the preset 200 points.
2. A method for diagnosing the data quality of the surface dynamometer card of a pumping well, according to claim 1, characterized in that: The judgment logic formula of abnormal model 1 is Logic 1, |u p+1 -u p | >= u3 max ; Logic 2, F P > F P-1 , (F P -F p-1 ) / F p > 0.35 or F p-1 > F p , (F P-1 -F P ) / F P-1 > 0.35; The logical judgment relationship is that when Logic 1 or Logic 2 holds, the indicator diagram is abnormal.
3. A method for diagnosing the data quality of the surface dynamometer card of a pumping well, according to claim 1, characterized in that: The judgment logic of the abnormal model 2. The judgment relationship is that when F 0u <F 0d , the indicator diagram is abnormal.
4. A method for diagnosing the data quality of the surface dynamometer card of a pumping well, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The judgment logic formula for abnormal model three is Logic one, m > 1.8 * (k - m); Logic two, (k - m) > 1.7 * m; The logical judgment relationship is that when Logic one or Logic two holds, the dynamometer card is abnormal.
5. A method for diagnosing the data quality of the surface dynamometer card of a pumping well, according to claim 1, characterized in that: The judgment logic condition for abnormal model four is; Logical condition 1, or Logical condition 2, |F max(u) -F min(u) | / F max(u) > 0.25 or |F max(d) -F min(d) | / F max(d) > 0.25; Logical relationship judgment: When logical condition 1 holds and logical condition 2 holds, the indicator diagram is abnormal.
6. A method for diagnosing the data quality of the surface dynamometer card of a pumping well, according to claim 1, wherein: The judgment logic formula of the abnormal model five is Logic One. Obtain the trajectories of the two curves of p(b, c) and p(e, f); judge whether the corresponding two curves intersect or there are two points x and y that satisfy U x -U y ≤ Um / (k / 2) and F ux -F dy ≤ 0; Logic Two: Extract the maximum load and the minimum load of the p(b, c) segment, satisfying |(F max(bc) -F min(bc) ) / F max(bc) | > 0.25; Logic Three: Extract the maximum load and the minimum load of the p(e, f) segment, satisfying (F max(ef) -F min(ef) ) / F max(ef) > 0.25; Judgment of logical relationship: When Logic One and Logic Two are established or when Logic One and Logic Three are established, the indicator diagram is abnormal.