A dual fuel cell engine system for heavy vehicles and a heavy vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a dual fuel cell engine system and a heavy vehicle applied to heavy vehicles; it includes a first engine and a second engine. The first engine is arranged below the cab of the heavy vehicle, and the first radiator of the first engine is arranged at the front of the heavy vehicle. The second engine is arranged on one side of the longitudinal beam of the heavy vehicle, and the second radiator of the second engine is arranged on the roof. The hydrogen inlets of the first engine and the second engine are connected to a liquid hydrogen cylinder. The inlets and outlets of the first radiator and the second radiator are respectively connected to the cooling water inlets and outlets of the first engine and the second engine. The present invention can achieve the rated total power output of the dual fuel cell engine system to reach 200 kW, stably provide the power requirements of heavy vehicles with a weight of 49 tons or less, and the maximum heat dissipation power can reach 300 kW; and liquid hydrogen cylinders with the same volume can provide more anode hydrogen, thereby increasing the cruising range of heavy trucks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and particularly to a dual fuel cell engine system and a heavy vehicle applied to heavy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] At present, new energy passenger cars and commercial vehicles mostly adopt pure electric engines such as lithium batteries. For heavy trucks, engines with higher power are required. High-power lithium battery packs have problems such as difficult thermal management and uneven battery power density. Using fuel cell engines to replace high-power lithium battery packs has become the mainstream demand for new energy vehicles, especially heavy trucks. However, current fuel cell engine systems still have problems such as low integration and low efficiency. In particular, the fuel cell power level in heavy vehicles is too low, resulting in the driving range of fuel cell vehicles not meeting the usage requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual fuel cell engine system and a heavy vehicle applied to heavy vehicles, which can achieve a rated net output total power of the fuel cell engine reaching 200 kW and have high integration.

[0004] To achieve the above technical purpose and reach the above technical effect, the present invention provides a dual fuel cell engine system applied to heavy vehicles. The dual fuel cell engine system includes a first engine and a second engine. The first engine is arranged below the cab of the heavy vehicle, and the first radiator of the first engine is arranged at the front of the heavy vehicle. The second engine is arranged on one side of the longitudinal beam of the heavy vehicle, and the second radiator of the second engine is arranged on the roof. The hydrogen inlets of the first engine and the second engine are connected to a liquid hydrogen cylinder. The inlets and outlets of the first radiator and the second radiator are respectively connected to the cooling water inlets and outlets of the first engine and the second engine.

[0005] Further, the liquid hydrogen cylinder is set as a series-connected primary liquid hydrogen cylinder and secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder, and the hydrogen inlets of the first engine and the second engine are both connected to the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder.

[0006] Further, the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder and the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder are respectively arranged in the middle of the longitudinal beam of the heavy vehicle and on one side of the longitudinal beam of the heavy vehicle, and the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder is located above the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder.

[0007] Further, the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder is vertically arranged with respect to the longitudinal beam of the heavy vehicle, and the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder is horizontally arranged with respect to the longitudinal beam of the heavy vehicle.

[0008] Further, the first radiator is set as a suction-type radiator, and / or the second radiator is set as a blowing-type radiator.

[0009] Further, the first engine is disposed between the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder and the first radiator. A first water replenishing tank is arranged between the first engine and the first radiator. A first deionization tank is arranged at the top of the first radiator. The first air filter is arranged at the top of the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder on the side close to the first radiator.

[0010] Further, the second engine and the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the heavy vehicle longitudinal beam. The second engine is disposed below the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder. The second radiator is arranged on the top of the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder. A second water replenishing tank and a second deionization tank are arranged at the top of the second radiator. A second air filter is arranged on one side of the second engine.

[0011] Further, the first engine and the second engine further include a stack, an intake flow meter, a water pump and an air compressor located below the stack, and a hydrogen circulation pump and a DCDC located above the stack. The intake flow meter is connected to the air compressor inlet. The air compressor is connected to the air path of the stack. The water pump is connected to the cooling system of the stack. The liquid hydrogen cylinder, the hydrogen circulation pump are connected to the hydrogen path of the stack. The electric energy output by the stack is output to the vehicle-mounted lithium battery pack or the voltage platform through the DCDC.

[0012] Further, the rated total power outputs of the first engine and the second engine are 100 kW respectively.

[0013] As another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a heavy vehicle, which includes a vehicle-mounted lithium battery pack or a voltage platform, and the vehicle-mounted lithium battery pack or the voltage platform is connected to the dual fuel cell engine system applied to the heavy vehicle as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention at least partly achieve the following technical effects:

[0015] By reasonably utilizing the space, the embodiments of the present invention integrate two sets of engine systems on the heavy vehicle, enabling the rated total power output of the dual fuel cell engine system to reach 200 kW, and stably providing the power requirements of heavy trucks with a load of 49 tons or less. Moreover, in the embodiments of the present invention, the air-cooled radiators respectively adopt the head suction type and the roof blowing type for heat dissipation, and the maximum heat dissipation power can reach 300 kW. In addition, the masses of liquid hydrogen in the two-stage liquid hydrogen cylinders can reach 80 kg and 30 kg respectively. The density of liquid hydrogen is greater than that of traditional 35MPag and 70MPag hydrogen. The same volume of liquid hydrogen cylinder can provide more anode hydrogen, thereby increasing the driving range of the heavy truck.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description, claims as well as the drawings.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] The drawings are provided to further understand the present invention, and constitute a part of the description. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a dual fuel cell engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a first engine and its corresponding system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a second engine and its corresponding system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings:

[0024] 1. First water replenishing tank; 2. First radiator; 3. First deionization tank; 4. First engine; 5. First air filter; 6. Primary liquid hydrogen cylinder; 7. Secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder; 8. Second water replenishing tank; 9. Second radiator; 10. Second deionization tank; 11. Second engine; 12. Second air filter; 13. Intake air flowmeter; 14. Water pump; 15. Air compressor; 16. Hydrogen circulation pump; 17. Stack; 18. DCDC; 19. Heavy vehicle longitudinal beam. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0025] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0026] Embodiment example 1,

[0027] Reference Figures 1-4As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a dual fuel cell engine system applied to heavy vehicles. The dual fuel cell engine system includes a first engine 4 and a second engine 11. The first engine 4 is arranged below the cab of the heavy vehicle, and the first radiator 2 of the first engine 4 is arranged at the front of the heavy vehicle. The second engine 11 is arranged on one side of the longitudinal beam 19 of the heavy vehicle, and the second radiator 9 of the second engine 11 is arranged on the roof. The hydrogen inlets of the first engine 4 and the second engine 11 are connected to the liquid hydrogen cylinder, and the inlets and outlets of the first radiator 2 and the second radiator 9 are respectively connected to the cooling water inlets and outlets of the first engine 4 and the second engine 11.

[0028] In this embodiment, the dual fuel cell engine system includes two sets of fuel cell engines, two sets of air-cooled heat dissipation systems and a liquid hydrogen cylinder vehicle-mounted hydrogen system. It can be applied to heavy trucks with a weight of 49 tons or less. Two sets of fuel cell engine systems are arranged on the whole vehicle, and the total rated net output power of the engines can reach 200 kW.

[0029] Among them, the two sets of fuel cell engines are highly integrated, and also include an electronic control system, an air system, a cooling water system and a hydrogen system. The conventional configurations will not be elaborated one by one.

[0030] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen cylinder is set as a series-connected primary liquid hydrogen cylinder 6 and secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder 7, and the hydrogen inlets of the first engine 4 and the second engine 11 are both connected to the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder 7. Through the two-stage liquid hydrogen cylinder vehicle-mounted hydrogen system, it can meet the single-range mileage while ensuring the space layout and the production cost of the liquid hydrogen cylinder. By connecting the two-stage liquid hydrogen cylinders in series, the mileage of the heavy truck can be increased.

[0031] Preferably, the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder 6 and the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder 7 are respectively arranged in the middle of the longitudinal beam 19 of the heavy vehicle and on one side of the longitudinal beam 19 of the heavy vehicle, and the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder 6 is located above the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder 7. By reasonably configuring the positions of the hydrogen cylinders, the rational use of space is ensured. Among them, the masses of the liquid hydrogen in the two-stage liquid hydrogen cylinders are 80 kg and 30 kg respectively. The density of liquid hydrogen is greater than that of traditional 35MPag and 70MPag hydrogen. The same volume of liquid hydrogen cylinder can provide more anode hydrogen, thereby increasing the mileage of the heavy truck.

[0032] Preferably, the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder 6 is vertically arranged with respect to the longitudinal beam 19 of the heavy vehicle, and the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder 7 is horizontally arranged with respect to the longitudinal beam 19 of the heavy vehicle.

[0033] Preferably, the first radiator 2 is set as a suction-type radiator, and / or the second radiator 9 is set as a blowing-type radiator. In this embodiment, the air-cooled radiator uses a head suction type and a roof blowing type for heat dissipation, and the maximum heat dissipation power can reach 300 kW.

[0034] Preferably, the first engine 4 is arranged between the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder 6 and the first radiator 2. A first water replenishing tank 1 is arranged between the first engine 4 and the first radiator 2. A first deionization tank 3 is arranged at the top of the first radiator 2. The first air filter 5 is arranged at the top of the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder 7 on the side close to the first radiator 2. In this embodiment, the first engine 4 includes an independent air system, a cooling system and a heat dissipation system. Through the reasonable configuration of its position, the space is further optimized.

[0035] Preferably, the second engine 11 and the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder 7 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the heavy vehicle longitudinal beam 19. The second engine 11 is arranged below the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder 6. The second radiator 9 is arranged on the top of the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder 6. A second water replenishing tank 8 and a second deionization tank 10 are arranged at the top of the second radiator 9. A second air filter 12 is arranged on one side of the second engine 11. The second engine 11 also includes an independent air system, a cooling system and a heat dissipation system. Through the reasonable configuration of its position, the space is further optimized.

[0036] Preferably, the first engine 4 and the second engine 11 further include a stack 17, an intake air flow meter 13, a water pump 14 and an air compressor 15 located below the stack 17, and a hydrogen circulation pump 16 and a DCDC 18 located above the stack 17. The intake air flow meter 13 is connected to the inlet of the air compressor 15, and the air compressor 15 is connected to the air path of the stack; the water pump 14 is connected to the cooling system of the stack; the liquid hydrogen cylinder, the hydrogen circulation pump 16 are connected to the hydrogen path of the stack. The electric energy output by the stack 17 is output to the vehicle-mounted lithium battery pack or the voltage platform through the DCDC 18. Each set of fuel engines operates through its own system and only shares a set of hydrogen supply systems, realizing the arrangement of two sets of engines with a system power of 100 kW within the existing heavy truck space, with high integration and low coupling.

[0037] Preferably, the rated total power outputs of the first engine 4 and the second engine 11 are 100 kW respectively. That is, the dual-system includes two fuel cell engines with a rated power of 100 kW, and can also include two air-cooled radiators with a heat dissipation power of 150 kW, ensuring that the net output rated power of the dual fuel cell engine system reaches 200 kW.

[0038] The working principles of the two sets of fuel cell engines are the same. The on-vehicle hydrogen system with two-stage liquid hydrogen cylinders enters the engine after being depressurized and vaporized, providing the supply of hydrogen on the anode side of the proton exchange membrane. The air compressor in the engine provides the supply of air on the cathode side of the proton exchange membrane through the air filter. The hydrogen and oxygen in the air react to generate electric energy and heat energy. The electric energy enters the vehicle-mounted lithium battery pack or the voltage platform of the whole vehicle through the engine DCDC. The heat energy is the parasitic power consumption generated by the reaction and is cooled by the air-cooled heat dissipation system to achieve the stable control of the temperature of the proton exchange membrane stack.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a heavy vehicle. The principle of solving the problems is similar to that of the dual fuel cell engine system applied to heavy vehicles in the foregoing embodiments, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0041] In this embodiment, the heavy vehicle includes an on-vehicle lithium battery pack or a voltage platform, and the on-vehicle lithium battery pack or voltage platform is connected to the dual fuel cell engine system applied to heavy vehicles as described in any of the foregoing embodiments. The heavy vehicle in this embodiment may be a 49-ton heavy truck.

[0042] In the above embodiment, the dual fuel cell engine system can charge the on-vehicle lithium battery pack or directly supply the vehicle voltage platform through the fuel cell engine electronic control system. The engine includes fuel cell core components such as proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks, air compressors, water pumps, hydrogen circulation pumps, DCDC, high-voltage distribution boxes and other BOP components. Hydrogen and air react in the fuel cell stack to generate electrical energy to charge the on-vehicle battery pack or supply the vehicle voltage platform. The cooling system provides cooling for the engine, mainly including components such as an air-cooled radiator, an expansion tank, and a deionization tank. The air-cooled radiator cools the cooling water in the forced convection heat exchange core of the electronic air cooler, so as to achieve the function of cooling the fuel cell engine. The expansion tank provides the functions of replenishing water and exhausting air for the cooling system, and the deionization tank plays the role of reducing the conductivity of the cooling system.

[0043] It should be understood that, in order to streamline the present invention and help understand one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the various features of the present invention are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, the method of the present invention should not be construed as reflecting the intention that the claimed invention requires more features than those expressly recited in each claim. Therefore, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, where each claim stands on its own as a separate embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms without departing from the spirit and scope protected by the claims of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual fuel cell engine system applied to heavy vehicles, characterized in that, The dual fuel cell engine system includes a first engine and a second engine. The first engine is arranged below the cab of the heavy vehicle. The first radiator of the first engine is arranged at the front of the heavy vehicle. The second engine is arranged on one side of the longitudinal beam of the heavy vehicle. The second radiator of the second engine is arranged on the roof. The hydrogen inlets of the first engine and the second engine are connected to the liquid hydrogen cylinder. The inlets and outlets of the first radiator and the second radiator are respectively connected to the cooling water inlets and outlets of the first engine and the second engine; Wherein, the liquid hydrogen cylinder is set as a series-connected primary liquid hydrogen cylinder and secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder, and the hydrogen inlets of the first engine and the second engine are both connected to the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder; Wherein, the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder and the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder are respectively arranged in the middle of the longitudinal beam of the heavy vehicle and on one side of the longitudinal beam of the heavy vehicle, and the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder is located above the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder; Wherein, the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal beam of the heavy vehicle, and the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder is arranged parallel to the longitudinal beam of the heavy vehicle; Wherein, the first radiator is set as a suction type radiator, and / or the second radiator is set as a blowing type radiator.

2. The dual fuel cell engine system applied to heavy vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The first engine is arranged between the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder and the first radiator. A first water replenishing tank is arranged between the first engine and the first radiator. A first deionization tank is arranged at the top of the first radiator. The first air filter is arranged at the top of the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder close to the first radiator; 3. The dual fuel cell engine system applied to heavy vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second engine and the secondary liquid hydrogen cylinder are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the longitudinal beam of the heavy vehicle. The second engine is arranged below the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder. The second radiator is arranged on the top of the primary liquid hydrogen cylinder. A second water replenishing tank and a second deionization tank are arranged at the top of the second radiator. A second air filter is arranged on one side of the second engine; 4. The dual fuel cell engine system applied to heavy vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein The first engine and the second engine further include a stack, and an intake flowmeter, a water pump and an air compressor located below the stack, and a hydrogen circulation pump and a DCDC located above the stack. The intake flowmeter is communicated with the inlet of the air compressor, and the air compressor is communicated with the air path of the stack; The water pump is communicated with the cooling system of the stack; The liquid hydrogen cylinder, the hydrogen circulation pump are communicated with the hydrogen path of the stack, and the electric energy output by the stack is output to the vehicle-mounted lithium battery pack or the voltage platform through the DCDC.

5. The dual fuel cell engine system applied to heavy vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rated total power outputs of the first engine and the second engine are respectively 100kW.

6. A heavy vehicle, characterized in that, The heavy vehicle includes a vehicle-mounted lithium battery pack or a voltage platform, and the vehicle-mounted lithium battery pack or the voltage platform is communicated with the dual fuel cell engine system applied to the heavy vehicle as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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