Interruptible load participating in clearing method of electric energy and reserve combination and related device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of electric power automation, and discloses a method and related device for clearing the interruptible load participating in the joint electric energy and reserve, including: obtaining the power generation cost quotation of the thermal power unit of the power system, the reserve dispatching cost quotation of the thermal power unit, the startup cost of the thermal power unit, the electricity cost quotation of the interruptible load, the reserve dispatching cost quotation of the interruptible load, the power generation forecast of the new energy unit and the load forecast, and according to the above data, calling the preset power system joint clearing model to obtain the power system clearing result; according to the power system clearing result, controlling the operation of the power system. The risk loss caused by the insufficient reserve of the power system is introduced to analyze the impact of the insufficient reserve on the system reliability, and the risk loss is combined with the joint market clearing of electric energy and reserve to perform clearing, thereby reducing the power cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of electric power automation, and relates to a method and a related device for clearing electric energy and standby power by interrupting load participation. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of power market reform, the market mechanism is also developing from the previous single power generation side market to a multi-subject market that considers the power generation side and the demand side, and the trading mechanism is more flexible. Among them, flexible load is an important load resource for the demand side to participate in market competition. As an adjustable load resource, the impact of flexible load on the economic operation of power is becoming increasingly prominent. In areas where power supply cannot meet the growth of electricity demand, the peak-shaving and valley-filling effect of flexible load plays a key role in ensuring the safe operation of the power grid. Therefore, the scheduling problem of flexible load has become a hot topic in recent years. Flexible load refers to loads that are flexible and variable within a certain period of time, including electric vehicles, energy storage, energy storage, distributed power sources and microgrids with bidirectional adjustment capabilities. Its electricity consumption behavior can respond flexibly to price signals. Flexible loads can be divided into interruptible loads, shiftable loads and transferable loads. In addition, with the continuous improvement of the power market, the conditions for flexible loads to participate in the day-ahead power energy market and the ancillary service market are gradually met. The ancillary service market is usually divided into standby, frequency regulation, peak regulation, automatic generation control, black start service and reactive power regulation.

[0003] At present, the power system clearing model generally adopts a starting mode in which the power generation side reports the quantity and bids, while the user side reports the quantity but does not bid, that is, the unilateral bidding mode. In the unilateral bidding mode, the power generation side usually considers factors such as the marginal cost of power generation and the expected grid-connected power, calculates the marginal cost of the power generation unit due to the additional unit grid-connected power, and uses the marginal cost method as the quotation. The quantity and price curve of the operation day is reported in the day-ahead electricity energy market, while the load is only a passive recipient of the price. It reports the power demand of the operation day on the day-ahead, reduces the corresponding load of the system operation day according to the arrangement results of the day-ahead electricity energy market, and the settlement price is the node electricity price on the day-ahead. The power market with unilateral quotation lacks demand elasticity because the load passively accepts the price, which is not conducive to the optimal allocation of resources. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method and related device for clearing the combined electric energy and standby by interrupting the load.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, a method for clearing electric energy and reserve combined with interruptible loads comprises:

[0007] Obtain the power generation cost quotation of thermal power units in the power system, the reserve dispatch cost quotation of thermal power units, the startup cost of thermal power units, the electricity cost quotation of interruptible loads, the reserve dispatch cost quotation of interruptible loads, the power generation forecast of new energy units, and the load forecast;

[0008] According to the power generation cost quotation of thermal power units, the reserve dispatch cost quotation of thermal power units, the startup cost of thermal power units, the electricity cost quotation of interruptible loads, the reserve dispatch cost quotation of interruptible loads, the power generation forecast of new energy units and the load forecast, the preset power system joint clearing model is called to obtain the power system clearing result; among which, the power system joint clearing model is a power system clearing model that considers the participation of interruptible loads in reserve, takes into account the risk loss caused by insufficient reserve in the power system, and combines the electric energy market and the reserve market;

[0009] Control the operation of the power system based on the power system clearing results.

[0010] Optionally, the objective function of the power system joint clearing model is:

[0011]

[0012] Among them, Ω I is the interruptible load set; Ω G is the generator set; P LI,j,t is the power consumption of interruptible load j at time t; F(P LI,j,t ) is the electricity benefit quotation function of interruptible load j; P i,t is the output of generator set i at time t; C(P i,t ) is the power generation cost function of generator set i at time t; r i,t is the winning reserve capacity provided by generator set i at time t; L(r i,t ) is the bidding function of generator set i in the reserve market; r LI,j,t is the winning reserve capacity provided by interruptible load j at time t; L(r LI,j,t ) is the quotation function of interruptible load j in the reserve market; S i,t is the startup cost of generator set i; u i,t is the start / stop state of generator set i at time t, u i,t =1 means power on, u i,t =0 means shutdown; To meet the upper reserve demand of the power system; Risk of loss caused by insufficient backup in the power system.

[0013] Optionally, the risk loss caused by insufficient reserve in the power system is obtained by the following formula:

[0014]

[0015] in, is the unit load loss cost of the power system; is the expected value of power shortage of the power system at time t.

[0016] Optionally, the power generation cost function of the generator set i at time t is as follows:

[0017]

[0018] The electricity benefit quotation function of the interruptible load j at time t is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] The bidding function of the generator set i in the reserve market is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] The quotation function of the interruptible load j in the standby market is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, a i,1 、a i,2 and a i,3 are the bid coefficients of generator set i, d j,1 d j,2 and d j,3 are the quotation coefficients of interruptible load j in the electric energy market; m i,1 、m i,2 and m i,3 are the bid coefficients of generator set i in the reserve market; k j,1 , k j,2 and k j,3 are the bidding coefficients of interruptible load j in the reserve market respectively.

[0025] Optionally, the constraints of the power system joint clearing model include system power balance constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints of thermal power units, unit backup capacity constraints, upper and lower limit constraints of unit output after the backup market, line safety constraints and interruptible load constraints.

[0026] Optionally, the interruptible load constraint includes an upper limit constraint on the winning bid reserve capacity and a constraint on the number of interruptions;

[0027] Among them, the upper limit constraint of the winning bid reserve capacity is as follows:

[0028] P LI,j,t +rLI,j,t ≤P LI,j,max

[0029] The interruption number constraint is as follows:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, Ω T is the statistical time set; P LI,j,t is the power of interruptible load j at time t; r LI,j,t is the winning reserve capacity provided by interruptible load j at time t; P LI,j,max is the maximum value of interruptible load j; I LI,j,t is the state variable of interruptible load j at time t; N LI,j is the maximum interruption number of load j that can be interrupted within the scheduling period, I LI,j,t is a (0,1) variable, when I LI,j,t =1, indicating that the interruption can interrupt load j, then P LI,j,t =0; when I LI,j,t =0, it means the interruptible load j is not interrupted.

[0032] Optionally, the system power balance constraint is as shown in the following formula:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, Ω Z is the collection of thermal power units; P c,t is the output of thermal power unit c at time t; Ω W is the wind turbine set; P w,t is the output of wind turbine w at time t; Ω PV is the photovoltaic unit collection; P n,t is the output of photovoltaic unit n at time t; Ω H P is the collection of hydropower units; h,t is the output of hydropower unit h at time t; P DC,t is the power of the inter-provincial interconnection line at time t;

[0035] The minimum start-stop time constraint of the thermal power unit is as follows:

[0036]

[0037] in, is the minimum continuous start-up time of thermal power unit c, is the minimum continuous shutdown time of thermal power unit c;

[0038] The unit reserve capacity constraint is as follows:

[0039]

[0040] Among them, V i up is the upward climbing rate limit of unit i, τ is the response time of the reserve capacity, V i down is the downward climbing rate of unit i;

[0041] The upper and lower limits of the unit output after the reserve market are as follows:

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] Among them, u i,t is the start and stop status of generator set i at time t; To maximize the technical output of unit i, P i is the minimum technical output of unit i;

[0045] The line safety constraint is as follows:

[0046]

[0047] Among them, Ω B is the system branch set; (·) T is the matrix transpose operation; is the injection transfer distribution factor vector of the unit node to branch b, is the injection transfer distribution factor vector of the load node to branch b; is the injection transfer distribution factor of the tie line power exchange node to branch b; P i,t is the output vector of generator set i at time t; P L,t is the load vector of all nodes at time t; is the upper limit of power transmission of branch b.

[0048] In a second aspect of the present invention, a system for clearing electricity and reserve combined with interruptible load participation comprises:

[0049] A data acquisition module is used to obtain the power generation cost quotation of thermal power units in the power system, the standby dispatching cost quotation of thermal power units, the startup cost of thermal power units, the electricity cost quotation of interruptible loads, the standby dispatching cost quotation of interruptible loads, the power generation forecast of new energy units, and the load forecast;

[0050] The clearing module is used to call the preset power system joint clearing model according to the power system's thermal power unit power generation cost quotation, thermal power unit reserve dispatch cost quotation, thermal power unit startup cost, interruptible load power consumption cost quotation, interruptible load reserve dispatch cost quotation, new energy unit power generation forecast and load forecast, and obtain the power system clearing result; wherein, the power system joint clearing model is a power system clearing model that considers the interruptible load participating in the reserve, takes into account the risk loss caused by insufficient reserve in the power system, and combines the electric energy market and the reserve market;

[0051] The dispatching control module is used to control the operation of the power system according to the power system clearing results.

[0052] A third aspect of the present invention is a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the above-mentioned method for clearing a combined electric energy and reserve by participating in interruptible loads when executing the computer program.

[0053] A fourth aspect of the present invention is a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned method for clearing the combined electric energy and reserve by interruptible loads.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0055] The method for clearing the power system by the interruptible load participating in the joint power and reserve of the present invention obtains the power generation cost quotation of the thermal power unit, the reserve dispatching cost quotation, the unit startup cost, the predicted power generation amount of the new energy unit and the predicted load amount of the power system, and then calls the preset power system joint clearing model to obtain the power system clearing result, and controls the power system operation according to the power system clearing result to ensure the stability of the power system. In addition, the power system joint clearing model takes into account the interruptible load participating in the reserve, and jointly clears the power energy market and the reserve market, and takes into account the risk loss caused by the insufficient reserve in the power system, introduces the risk loss caused by the insufficient reserve in the power system to analyze the impact of the insufficient reserve on the system reliability, and combines the risk loss with the joint clearing of the power energy market and the reserve market for joint clearing, thereby improving the overall economic benefits of the society, reducing the power cost, and effectively solving the problem of insufficient reserve in the system caused by the failure to take into account the uncertain factors such as unit failure and load volatility, and then causing economic losses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for clearing electric energy and standby power in which interruptible loads participate in a combination according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an interruptible load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of a clearing system in which interruptable loads participate in the combined electric energy and standby power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0061] As introduced in the background technology, the unilateral bidding model is not conducive to the optimal allocation of resources. In actual work, the inventors have found that the model of bidding on the power generation side and the user side can be adopted, also known as bilateral bidding. The market can gradually transition to the stage of joint market clearing of electricity and ancillary services under the bilateral bidding model. At this stage, the power spot market is more closely linked to the operation of the power grid, the difficulty of market organization and decision-making is greatly increased, and the behavior of flexible loads participating in the power market is becoming more complicated. Therefore, the problem of joint clearing of electricity and standby ancillary services under the bilateral bidding model involving flexible loads needs to be studied urgently.

[0062] When flexible loads participate in market competition as market participants in the bilateral quotation model, they may also have strategic behaviors themselves while having an important impact on the competition strategies of the original market participants. Different from the traditional model where loads can only be passive recipients of prices, in the bilateral quotation model, the power generation side uses marginal cost quotation to make quotations. Power generation companies participating in the market declare quotation information for the operation day in the day-ahead market. The load side usually makes quotations based on its own cost-price model, independently determines the quantity and price to be declared, and declares the quantity-price curve for the operation day on the day-ahead.

[0063] Under the bilateral quotation model, power dispatching agencies usually aim to maximize social welfare, use safety-constrained unit combinations and safety-constrained economic dispatch algorithms to centrally optimize the power generation side and the load side, and obtain the unit startup combination, time-of-use power output curve, and time-of-use electricity price on the operating day. Although this method introduces load-side resources into the market in the form of quotation, establishes a model for the joint participation of the load side and the power generation side in the joint clearing of the electric energy and reserve market, and the objective function of minimizing the power generation cost or the power company's power purchase cost and the system's reserve capacity cost, the total operating cost of the system is minimized, and the power generation side and the load side participate in the joint market clearing of electric energy and reserve ancillary services, but the reserve mostly comes from the power generation side generator set, the source is single, and the risks caused by insufficient reserve are not taken into account.

[0064] On this basis, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for clearing a power system that combines spot and reserve, taking into account the situation in which interruptable loads in flexible loads participate in the day-ahead electricity energy market and the reserve ancillary service market (hereinafter referred to as the reserve market). Interruptible loads are mainly aimed at large industrial users with low reliability requirements. In the day-ahead electricity energy market, power companies give users certain economic incentives during peak electricity consumption periods by signing interruptible contracts. Users respond to the instructions of the power grid dispatcher and interrupt the load within a specified time to reduce the system's load peak and ensure the reliability of the system's power supply. In the reserve market, interruptable loads can be used as a type of reserve resource, and by quoting to the market, they can provide the system with callable reserve capacity.

[0065] During the operation of the power system, uncertain factors such as random failures of units, load and new energy output forecast errors will affect the stability of the system. In order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power system, a certain amount of reserve capacity needs to be reserved to deal with the above uncertainties. System reserve can be provided by generator sets, or by removing interruptible loads to give up reserve power. The reserve capacity of generator sets has a high responsiveness, but its cost is high at peak load times, while the reserve capacity provided by interruptible loads is widely distributed in the power grid, has flexible operation and low cost. The reserve ancillary service market can flexibly configure generator and interruptible load reserves according to the system reserve cost provided by generator sets or interruptible loads, thereby achieving efficient resource allocation.

[0066] In the early day-ahead reserve market, only the generation side was considered to provide reserve, and the reserve market was operated independently of the electric energy market. Based on the clearing results of the day-ahead electric energy market, the generation side comprehensively considers the reserve service cost and its economic and social value, and optimizes the reserve price according to the reserve service pricing model. As the reserve market becomes more and more perfect, interruptible loads are gradually involved in providing system reserve. Generators and interruptible load users bid for the reserve market based on their own costs and business strategies. After the trading institution determines the allocation of reserve capacity, generators and interruptible load users clear separately. However, the above analysis only focuses on the reserve market, and does not consider the combination with the electric energy market.

[0067] When considering the joint clearing of the electric energy market and the reserve market, the power generation side can make a quotation based on its own power generation cost, startup cost and reserve dispatch cost quotation function. The interruptible load users report the adjustable capacity and price of different time periods based on the power efficiency and reserve dispatch cost on the day before. The trading institution shall clear the market according to the principle of minimizing the power purchase cost and satisfying certain system constraints. The interruptible power price obtained by the user is equal to the system marginal power price after clearing. The spot market based on the node marginal power price determines the node power price based on the marginal cost of each node supplying power to the user. The node power price pricing method provides economic signals to users, promotes full competition in the market, and has a positive role in promoting system construction. The above scheme is elaborated in detail below.

[0068] First, the relevant terms involved in the embodiments of the present invention are introduced:

[0069] Marginal cost: Marginal cost refers to the variable part of cost due to infinitesimal changes in output, that is, the cost change caused by an increase or decrease in output by 1 unit. Within the relevant range, the output cost of increasing or decreasing output by 1 unit is the variable cost per unit of product.

[0070] Node marginal electricity price: Node marginal electricity price describes the minimum increase in production cost of the entire system when the load at a designated node in the system is increased by one unit under given conditions. It takes into account complete constraints on power generation, transmission and consumption, and can better measure the value of resources under the current operating status of the system.

[0071] Expected value of power shortage: The expected value of power shortage indicates the expected value of the power system's insufficient power supply to users due to the forced shutdown of units. The expected value of power shortage comprehensively expresses the number of power outages, average duration and average power outage power.

[0072] Market clearing: A market in which commodity prices are sufficiently flexible to allow demand and supply to quickly reach equilibrium. In a cleared market, there is no rationing or idle resources, and there is no excess supply or excess demand.

[0073] Reserve: refers to the reserve capacity in the operation of the power system. Reserve enables the power grid to withstand disturbances such as equipment shutdown due to failure and load fluctuations, and to establish a balance between power generation and load as soon as possible, ensuring that the frequency is within the specified range and preventing chain accidents or even large-scale power outages due to insufficient reserve.

[0074] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0075] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for clearing the combined use of interruptible loads for electric energy and reserve is provided, which uses the interruptible loads as another source of reserve, takes into account the problem of insufficient reserve due to unit failure, analyzes and models the risk cost, and ultimately improves the overall economic benefits of society. Specifically, the method for clearing the combined use of interruptible loads for electric energy and reserve includes the following steps:

[0076] S1: Obtain the power generation cost quotation of thermal power units, the standby dispatching cost quotation of thermal power units, the startup cost of thermal power units, the electricity cost quotation of interruptible loads, the standby dispatching cost quotation of interruptible loads, the power generation forecast of new energy units and the load forecast.

[0077] Specifically, the power generation cost quotation of the thermal power unit, the standby dispatch cost quotation of the thermal power unit, the interruptible load electricity cost quotation and the interruptible load standby dispatch cost quotation can all be obtained from the relevant cost quadratic function, and the coefficient of the quadratic function can be fitted according to the data between historical power generation and cost. The startup cost of each unit depends on the startup energy consumption and operating loss, which is reported by the power plant. The predicted power generation of new energy units is calculated by the new energy power plant through the prediction algorithm based on the meteorological and historical output data of new energy units, and the quantity is reported to the trading platform. The load forecast is obtained by predicting historical data based on the medium- and short-term load forecasting method, and it also needs to be reported to the trading platform.

[0078] S2: Based on the power generation cost quotations of thermal power units, reserve dispatch cost quotations, unit startup costs, predicted power generation of new energy units and predicted load of the power system, the preset power system joint clearing model is called to obtain the power system clearing result; among which, the power system joint clearing model is a power system clearing model that considers the participation of interruptible loads in reserve, takes into account the risk losses caused by insufficient reserve in the power system, and combines the electric energy market with the reserve market;.

[0079] S3: Control the operation of the power system according to the power system clearing results.

[0080] Specifically, the power system clearing results generally include the electric energy clearing amount of thermal power units, the reserve capacity clearing amount, the electric energy market clearing electricity price, the reserve market clearing electricity price and the load amount of interruptable load interruption, and then according to the electric energy clearing amount of thermal power units, the reserve capacity clearing amount and the load amount of interruptable load interruption, the operation of thermal power units and interruptable loads in the power system can be known.

[0081] The present invention can interrupt the load to participate in the joint clearing method of electric energy and reserve, effectively solving the problem of insufficient system reserve caused by not taking into account uncertain factors such as unit failure and load volatility, thereby causing economic losses. By analyzing these uncertain factors, the risk loss caused by insufficient reserve in the power system is introduced to analyze the impact of insufficient reserve on system reliability, and the risk loss is combined with the joint clearing of the electric energy market and the reserve market to perform joint clearing, thereby improving the overall economic benefits of society and reducing electricity costs.

[0082] In a possible implementation, the power system joint clearing model fully considers the electricity efficiency of interruptible loads and the power generation cost of units in the electric energy market, considers the standby cost of thermal power units, the standby cost of interruptible loads and the start-up cost of thermal power units in the standby market, and further takes into account the risk loss caused by insufficient standby in the power system, and establishes the following power system joint clearing model:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, Ω I is the interruptible load set; Ω G is the generator set; P LI,j,t is the power consumption of interruptible load j at time t; F(P LI,j,t ) is the electricity benefit quotation function of interruptible load j, that is, the electricity cost quotation of interruptible load; P i,t is the output of generator set i at time t; C(P i,t ) is the power generation cost function of generator set i at time t, i.e., the power generation cost quotation of thermal power set; ri,t is the winning reserve capacity provided by generator set i at time t; L(r i,t ) is the bidding function of generator set i in the reserve market, i.e., the reserve dispatch cost bidding of thermal power units; r LI,j,t is the winning reserve capacity provided by interruptible load j at time t; L(r LI,j,t ) is the quotation function of interruptible load j in the reserve market, i.e., the quotation of electricity cost of interruptible load; S i,t is the startup cost of generator set i, i.e., the startup cost of thermal power unit; u i,t is the start / stop state of generator set i at time t, u i,t =1 means power on, u i,t =0 means shutdown; To meet the upper reserve demand of the power system; Risk of loss caused by insufficient backup in the power system.

[0085] Specifically, the risk loss caused by insufficient reserve in the power system is reflected as the loss of load caused by unit failure. for:

[0086]

[0087] in, is the unit load loss cost of the power system; is the expected value of power shortage of the power system at time t.

[0088] A bidding function for the generation side and the load side to jointly participate in the electric energy market and the reserve market was established.

[0089] For the power generation cost, startup cost and standby dispatch cost of the generator set, the power generation cost function of generator set i at time t is:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, a i,1 、a i,2 and a i,3 are the quotation coefficients of generating unit i (different units are distinguished by subscripts), which can be obtained through actual operation or testing.

[0092] The bidding function of generator set i in the reserve market is:

[0093]

[0094] Among them, m i,1 、m i,2 and m i,3They are the quotation coefficients of the generating units in the standby market (with subscripts to distinguish the different units), which can be obtained through actual operation or testing.

[0095] For the electricity efficiency and reserve dispatch cost of interruptible loads, the bidding functions in the electric energy market and the reserve market are both quadratic functions. The electricity efficiency bidding function of interruptible load j at time t is:

[0096]

[0097] The bidding function of interruptible load j in the reserve market is as follows:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, d j,1 d j,2 and d j,3 are the quotation coefficients of interruptible load in the electric energy market; k j,1 , k j,2 and k j,3 are the quotation coefficients of interruptible load in the reserve market respectively.

[0100] The constraints of the power system joint clearing model include system power balance constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints of thermal power units, unit reserve capacity constraints, upper and lower limit constraints of unit output after the reserve market, line safety constraints and interruptible load constraints.

[0101] Specifically, the interruptible load constraint includes the upper limit constraint of the winning reserve capacity and the interruption number constraint. Figure 2 , establish interruptible load model, Figure 2 In the figure, the solid line represents the current interruptible load. During the peak electricity consumption period from 12:00 noon to 1:30 pm, the interruptible load relieves the pressure of the current power system load by interrupting part of the load (the area between the solid line and the dotted line is equal to the area between the coordinate axis and the dotted line). The interruptible load schematic diagram is intended to reflect the working mechanism of the interruptible load.

[0102] It mainly considers large power users with interruptible loads to participate in the day-ahead spot market and provide the system with callable spare capacity by quoting to the market. The interruptible load modeling mainly considers its load and the upper limit constraints of the winning spare capacity and the number of interruptions.

[0103] Among them, the upper limit constraint of the winning bid reserve capacity is as follows:

[0104] P LI,j,t +r LI,j,t ≤P LI,j,max

[0105] The interruption number constraint is as follows:

[0106]

[0107] Among them, Ω T is the statistical time set; P LI,j,t is the power of interruptible load j at time t; r LI,j,t is the winning reserve capacity provided by interruptible load j at time t; P LI,j,max is the maximum value of interruptible load j; I LI,j,t is the state variable of interruptible load j at time t; N LI,j is the maximum interruption number of load j that can be interrupted within the scheduling period, I LI,j,t is a (0,1) variable, when I LI,j,t =1, indicating that the interruption can interrupt load j, then P LI,j,t =0; when I LI,j,t =0, it means the interruptible load j is not interrupted.

[0108] Specifically, the system power balance constraint is shown in the following formula:

[0109]

[0110] Among them, Ω Z is the collection of thermal power units; P c,t is the output of thermal power unit c at time t; Ω W is the wind turbine set; P w,t is the output of wind turbine w at time t; Ω PV is the photovoltaic unit collection; P n,t is the output of photovoltaic unit n at time t; Ω H P is the collection of hydropower units; h,t is the output of hydropower unit h at time t; P L,t is the load forecast at time t; P DC,t is the power of the inter-provincial interconnection line at time t. w,t +P n,t That is the predicted power generation of new energy units.

[0111] Specifically, the minimum start-up and shutdown time constraint of the thermal power unit is as follows:

[0112]

[0113] in, is the minimum continuous start-up time of thermal power unit c, is the minimum continuous shutdown time of thermal power unit c.

[0114] Specifically, the unit standby capacity constraint is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] Among them, V i up is the upward climbing rate limit of unit i, τ is the response time of the reserve capacity, V i down is the downward climbing rate of unit i.

[0117] Specifically, the upper and lower limits of the unit output after the reserve market are as follows:

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] Among them, u i,t is the start and stop status of generator set i at time t; To maximize the technical output of unit i, P i The minimum technical output of unit i.

[0121] Specifically, the line safety constraint means that when the node load demand changes within the static safety domain, it is necessary to ensure that the line transmission power does not exceed the allowed safety range, as shown in the following formula:

[0122]

[0123] Among them, Ω B is the system branch set; (·) T is the matrix transpose operation; is the injection transfer distribution factor vector of the unit node to branch b, is the injection transfer distribution factor vector of the load node to branch b; is the injection transfer distribution factor of the tie line power exchange node to branch b; P i,t is the output vector of generator set i at time t; P L,t is the load vector of all nodes at time t; is the upper limit of power transmission of branch b.

[0124] Optionally, by calculating the power system joint clearing model, an extended Lagrangian function is constructed to obtain the dual multipliers of each constraint condition, and the node marginal electricity price per hour for the clearing-formed electric energy and reserve market is as follows:

[0125]

[0126] L t,e,2 = l t,2

[0127] Among them, Lt,e,1 and L t,e,2 are the node electricity price and the node electricity price of the standby power at time t of node e respectively; l t,1 and l t,2 are the dual multipliers of the load balancing constraint and the reserve demand constraint, respectively; and are the dual multipliers of the upper and lower safety constraints of the branch respectively; K e,b is the power transfer factor of node e to branch b.

[0128] The interruptible load of the present invention participates in the clearing method of electric energy and reserve joint market, fully considers the role of interruptible load in participating in reserve, considers the time-varying probability of unit failure, establishes the risk loss caused by insufficient reserve in the power system, and constructs an objective function with the item of risk cost added. The power system joint clearing model is more comprehensive, optimizes the market clearing under bilateral quotation, analyzes the overall benefit after the interruptible load participates in the electric energy and reserve joint market, and makes the reserve capacity clearing electricity price generally lower by considering the interruptible load, which helps market players to improve their decision-making ability and risk management ability.

[0129] The following are device embodiments of the present invention, which can be used to implement the method embodiments of the present invention. For details not disclosed in the device embodiments, please refer to the method embodiments of the present invention.

[0130] See also Figure 3 In another embodiment of the present invention, a system for clearing electric energy and standby power by interruptible loads is provided, which can be used to implement the above-mentioned method for clearing electric energy and standby power by interruptible loads. Specifically, the system for clearing electric energy and standby power by interruptible loads includes a data acquisition module, a clearing module, and a dispatching control module.

[0131] Among them, the data acquisition module is used to obtain the power generation cost quotation of the thermal power units in the power system, the reserve dispatching cost quotation of the thermal power units, the startup cost of the thermal power units, the electricity cost quotation of the interruptible load, the reserve dispatching cost quotation of the interruptible load, the power generation forecast of the new energy units and the load forecast; the clearing module is used to call the preset power system joint clearing model according to the power generation cost quotation of the thermal power units in the power system, the reserve dispatching cost quotation of the thermal power units, the startup cost of the thermal power units, the electricity cost quotation of the interruptible load, the reserve dispatching cost quotation of the interruptible load, the power generation forecast of the new energy units and the load forecast, and obtain the power system clearing result; among them, the power system joint clearing model is a power system clearing model that considers the participation of interruptible load in the reserve, takes into account the risk loss caused by insufficient reserve in the power system, and combines the electric energy market and the reserve market; the dispatching control module is used to control the operation of the power system according to the power system clearing result.

[0132] In a possible implementation, the objective function of the power system joint clearing model is:

[0133]

[0134] Among them, Ω I is the interruptible load set; Ω G is the generator set; P LI,j,t is the power consumption of interruptible load j at time t; F(P LI,j,t ) is the electricity benefit quotation function of interruptible load j; P i,t is the output of generator set i at time t; C(P i,t ) is the power generation cost function of generator set i at time t; r i,t is the winning reserve capacity provided by generator set i at time t; L(r i,t ) is the bidding function of generator set i in the reserve market; r LI,j,t is the winning reserve capacity provided by interruptible load j at time t; L(r LI,j,t ) is the quotation function of interruptible load j in the reserve market; S i,t is the startup cost of generator set i; u i,t is the start / stop state of generator set i at time t, u i,t =1 means power on, u i,t =0 means shutdown; To meet the upper reserve demand of the power system; Risk of loss caused by insufficient backup in the power system.

[0135] In a possible implementation manner, the risk loss caused by insufficient reserve in the power system is obtained by the following formula:

[0136]

[0137] in, is the unit load loss cost of the power system; is the expected value of power shortage of the power system at time t.

[0138] In a possible implementation, the power generation cost function of the generator set i is shown as follows:

[0139]

[0140] The electricity benefit quotation function of the interruptible load j is as follows:

[0141]

[0142] The bidding function of the generator set i in the reserve market is as follows:

[0143]

[0144] The quotation function of the interruptible load j in the standby market is as follows:

[0145]

[0146] Among them, a i,1 、a i,2 and a i,3 are the bid coefficients of generator set i, d j,1 d j,2 and d j,3 are the quotation coefficients of interruptible load j in the electric energy market; m i,1 、m i,2 and m i,3 are the bid coefficients of generator set i in the reserve market; k j,1 , k j,2 and k j,3 are the bidding coefficients of interruptible load j in the reserve market respectively.

[0147] In one possible implementation, the constraints of the power system joint clearing model include system power balance constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints of thermal power units, unit backup capacity constraints, upper and lower limit constraints on unit output after the backup market, line safety constraints, and interruptible load constraints.

[0148] In a possible implementation manner, the interruptible load constraint includes an upper limit constraint of the winning bid reserve capacity and an interruption number constraint;

[0149] Among them, the upper limit constraint of the winning bid reserve capacity is as follows:

[0150] P LI,j,t +r LI,j,t ≤P LI,j,max

[0151] The interruption number constraint is as follows:

[0152]

[0153] Among them, Ω T is the statistical time set; P LI,j,t is the power of interruptible load j at time t; r LI,j,t is the winning reserve capacity provided by interruptible load j at time t; P LI,j,max is the maximum value of interruptible load j; I LI,j,t is the state variable of interruptible load j at time t; N LI,j is the maximum interruption number of load j that can be interrupted within the scheduling period, I LI,j,tis a (0,1) variable, when I LI,j,t =1, indicating that the interruption can interrupt load j, then P LI,j,t =0; when I LI,j,t =0, it means the interruptible load j is not interrupted.

[0154] In a possible implementation manner, the system power balance constraint is shown in the following formula:

[0155]

[0156] Among them, Ω Z is the collection of thermal power units; P c,t is the output of thermal power unit c at time t; Ω W is the wind turbine set; P w,t is the output of wind turbine w at time t; Ω PV is the photovoltaic unit collection; P n,t is the output of photovoltaic unit n at time t; Ω H P is the collection of hydropower units; h,t is the output of hydropower unit h at time t; P DC,t is the power of the inter-provincial interconnection line at time t.

[0157] The minimum start-stop time constraint of the thermal power unit is as follows:

[0158]

[0159] in, is the minimum continuous start-up time of thermal power unit c, is the minimum continuous shutdown time of thermal power unit c.

[0160] The unit reserve capacity constraint is as follows:

[0161]

[0162] Among them, V i up is the upward climbing rate limit of unit i, τ is the response time of the reserve capacity, V i down is the downward climbing rate of unit i.

[0163] The upper and lower limits of the unit output after the reserve market are as follows:

[0164]

[0165]

[0166] Among them, u i,t is the start and stop status of generator set i at time t; To maximize the technical output of unit i, P i The minimum technical output of unit i.

[0167] The line safety constraint is as follows:

[0168]

[0169] Among them, Ω B is the system branch set; (·) T is the matrix transpose operation; is the injection transfer distribution factor vector of the unit node to branch b, is the injection transfer distribution factor vector of the load node to branch b; is the injection transfer distribution factor of the tie line power exchange node to branch b; P i,t is the output vector of generator set i at time t; P L,t is the load vector of all nodes at time t; is the upper limit of power transmission of branch b.

[0170] All relevant contents of each step involved in the embodiment of the method for clearing electric energy and standby power by interruptible load mentioned above can be referred to the functional description of the functional module corresponding to the system for clearing electric energy and standby power by interruptible load in the embodiment of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

[0171] The division of modules in the embodiments of the present invention is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processor, or may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated modules may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules.

[0172] In another embodiment of the present invention, a computer device is provided, the computer device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory being used to store a computer program, the computer program comprising program instructions, and the processor being used to execute the program instructions stored in the computer storage medium. The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc., which are the computing core and control core of the terminal, which are suitable for implementing one or more instructions, and are specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions in the computer storage medium to implement the corresponding method flow or corresponding function; the processor described in the embodiment of the present invention can be used for the operation of the method for clearing the interruptable load to participate in the electric energy and the standby combination.

[0173] In another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further provides a storage medium, specifically a computer-readable storage medium (Memory), which is a memory device in a computer device for storing programs and data. It is understandable that the computer-readable storage medium here can include both the built-in storage medium in the computer device and the extended storage medium supported by the computer device. The computer-readable storage medium provides a storage space, which stores the operating system of the terminal. In addition, one or more instructions suitable for being loaded and executed by the processor are also stored in the storage space, and these instructions can be one or more computer programs (including program codes). It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium here can be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory. The processor can load and execute one or more instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium to implement the corresponding steps of the method for clearing the interruptible load participating in the electric energy and standby combination in the above embodiment.

[0174] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0175] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0176] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0177] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0178] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for clearing electricity and reserve by interruptible load participation, characterized in that: include: Obtain the power generation cost quotation of thermal power units in the power system, the reserve dispatch cost quotation of thermal power units, the startup cost of thermal power units, the electricity cost quotation of interruptible loads, the reserve dispatch cost quotation of interruptible loads, the power generation forecast of new energy units, and the load forecast; According to the power generation cost quotation of thermal power units, the reserve dispatch cost quotation of thermal power units, the startup cost of thermal power units, the electricity cost quotation of interruptible loads, the reserve dispatch cost quotation of interruptible loads, the power generation forecast of new energy units and the load forecast, the preset power system joint clearing model is called to obtain the power system clearing result; among them, the power system joint clearing model is a power system clearing model that takes into account the participation of interruptible loads in reserve, takes into account the risk loss caused by insufficient reserve in the power system, and combines the electric energy market and the reserve market; Control the operation of the power system according to the power system clearing results; The objective function of the power system joint clearing model is: Among them, Ω I is the interruptible load set; Ω G is the generator set; P LI,j,t is the power consumption of interruptible load j at time t; F(P LI,j,t ) is the electricity benefit quotation function of interruptible load j; P i,t is the output of generator set i at time t; C(P i,t ) is the power generation cost function of generator set i at time t; r i,t is the winning reserve capacity provided by generator set i at time t; L(r i,t ) is the bidding function of generator set i in the reserve market; r LI,j,t is the winning reserve capacity provided by interruptible load j at time t; L(r LI,j,t ) is the quotation function of interruptible load j in the reserve market; S i,t is the startup cost of generator set i; u i,t is the start / stop state of generator set i at time t, u i,t =1 means power on, u i,t =0 means shutdown; To meet the upper reserve demand of the power system; Risk loss caused by insufficient reserve in the power system; The risk loss caused by insufficient reserve in the power system is obtained by the following formula: in, is the unit load loss cost of the power system; is the expected power deficit of the power system at time t; The power generation cost function of the generator set i at time t is shown as follows: The electricity benefit quotation function of the interruptible load j at time t is as follows: The bidding function of the generator set i in the reserve market is as follows: The quotation function of the interruptible load j in the standby market is as follows: Among them, a i,1 、a i,2 and a i,3 are the bid coefficients of generator set i, d j,1 ,d j,2 and d j,3 are the quotation coefficients of interruptible load j in the electric energy market; m i,1 、m i,2 and m i,3 are the bid coefficients of generator set i in the reserve market; k j,1 , k j,2 and k j,3 are the bidding coefficients of interruptible load j in the reserve market respectively.

2. The method for clearing the interruptible load participating in the electric energy and the reserve combined according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The constraints of the power system joint clearing model include system power balance constraints, minimum start-up and shutdown time constraints of thermal power units, unit reserve capacity constraints, upper and lower limit constraints of unit output after the reserve market, line safety constraints and interruptible load constraints.

3. The method for clearing the interruptible load participating in the electric energy and the reserve combined according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The interruptible load constraints include the upper limit constraint of the winning bid reserve capacity and the interruption number constraint; Among them, the upper limit constraint of the winning bid reserve capacity is as follows: P LI,j,t +r LI,j,t ≤P LI,j,max The interruption number constraint is as follows: Among them, Ω T is the statistical time set; P LI,j,t is the power of interruptible load j at time t; r LI,j,t is the winning reserve capacity provided by interruptible load j at time t; P LI,j,max is the maximum value of interruptible load j; I LI,j,t is the state variable of interruptible load j at time t; N LI,j is the maximum interruption number of load j that can be interrupted within the scheduling period, I LI,j,t is a (0,1) variable, when I LI,j,t =1, indicating that the interruption can interrupt load j, then P LI,j,t =0; when I LI,j,t =0, it means the interruptible load j is not interrupted.

4. The method for clearing the interruptible load participating in the electric energy and the reserve combined according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The system power balance constraint is as follows: Among them, Ω Z is the collection of thermal power units; P c,t is the output of thermal power unit c at time t; Ω W is the wind turbine set; P w,t is the output of wind turbine w at time t; Ω PV is the photovoltaic unit collection; P n,t is the output of photovoltaic unit n at time t; Ω H P is the collection of hydropower units; h,t is the output of hydropower unit h at time t; P DC,t is the power of the inter-provincial interconnection line at time t; The minimum start-stop time constraint of the thermal power unit is as follows: in, is the minimum continuous start-up time of thermal power unit c, is the minimum continuous shutdown time of thermal power unit c; The unit reserve capacity constraint is as follows: Among them, V i up is the upward climbing rate limit of unit i, τ is the response time of the reserve capacity, V i down is the downward climbing rate of unit i; The upper and lower limits of the unit output after the reserve market are as follows: Among them, u i,t is the start and stop status of generator set i at time t; is the maximum technical output of unit i, P i is the minimum technical output of unit i; The line safety constraint is as follows: Among them, Ω B is the system branch set; (·) T is the matrix transpose operation; is the injection transfer distribution factor vector of the unit node to branch b, is the injection transfer distribution factor vector of the load node to branch b; is the injection transfer distribution factor of the tie line power exchange node to branch b; P i,t is the output vector of generator set i at time t; P L,t is the load vector of all nodes at time t; is the upper limit of power transmission of branch b.

5. A system for clearing electric energy and spare parts by interruptible loads based on the method for clearing electric energy and spare parts by interruptible loads as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module is used to obtain the power generation cost quotation of thermal power units in the power system, the standby dispatching cost quotation of thermal power units, the startup cost of thermal power units, the electricity cost quotation of interruptible loads, the standby dispatching cost quotation of interruptible loads, the power generation forecast of new energy units, and the load forecast; The clearing module is used to call the preset power system joint clearing model according to the power system's thermal power unit power generation cost quotation, thermal power unit reserve dispatch cost quotation, thermal power unit startup cost, interruptible load power consumption cost quotation, interruptible load reserve dispatch cost quotation, new energy unit power generation forecast and load forecast, and obtain the power system clearing result; wherein, the power system joint clearing model is a power system clearing model that takes into account the interruptible load participating in the reserve, takes into account the risk loss caused by insufficient reserve in the power system, and combines the electric energy market and the reserve market; The dispatching control module is used to control the operation of the power system according to the power system clearing results.

6. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for clearing the interruptible load participating in the combination of electric energy and reserve as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

7. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for clearing the interruptible load participating in the combination of electric energy and reserve as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

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