Method for determining control parameters during cardiac surgery and related devices

Abstract

A method for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation and related devices provided by the present application. During the process of perfusing cardioplegic solution into the interior of a heart model using a cardiac perfusion device, the first temperature of a target point in the heart model is obtained in real time, and the target point at least includes a target point in the myocardium; when the first temperature of each target point is lower than a first temperature threshold, the cardiac perfusion device is controlled to stop perfusing the cardioplegic solution; during the process of natural rewarming of the heart model, the second temperature of the target point in the myocardium of the heart model is obtained in real time; a first infrared image of the surface of the heart model when the second temperature reaches a second temperature threshold is obtained; the first surface temperature of the heart model is determined based on the first infrared image, and the first surface temperature is determined as the first control parameter for controlling the cardiac perfusion device to start perfusing again during a cardiac operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical technologies, and particularly to a method for determining control parameters during cardiac surgery and related devices. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the development of social economy, the changes in the lifestyle of the people, especially the acceleration of the aging of the population and the urbanization process, the proportion of elderly patients with multiple coexisting diseases, and patients undergoing reoperation or multiple operations in cardiac surgery has been increasing. As the critical condition of patients has been rising, the complexity and difficulty of the surgery have increased significantly, which has significantly increased the incidence of postoperative complications and mortality. Approximately 1.2 million cardiac surgeries are performed globally each year, with a surgical mortality rate of 1 - 3%, and 10% of the patients will experience a decline in cardiac function after the operation. Among them, about 24% of the high-risk patients will die within 3 years after the operation. Research shows that improper myocardial protection and ischemia-reperfusion injury during cardiac surgery are directly related to the decline in cardiac function after the operation. Cardiac hypothermia can reduce the energy metabolism of myocardial cells, thereby prolonging the myocardial ischemia tolerance time. In addition, hypothermia can also inhibit the electromechanical activity of myocardial cells during ischemia and slow down the necrosis and apoptosis of damaged myocardial cells. Therefore, during the aortic cross-clamping in cardiac surgery, keeping the myocardial temperature of all structural parts of the entire heart uniformly and thoroughly decreased to the target temperature is the key to myocardial protection. Currently, during cardiac surgery, cold cardioplegia solution is perfused into the heart through extracorporeal circulation to reduce the energy metabolism of myocardial cells. However, the perfusion of cardioplegia solution using a cardiac perfusion device is carried out at fixed time intervals. However, due to the lack of monitoring means such as temperature, the perfusion time can only be determined based on experience, and it is difficult to achieve precise perfusion. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, this application provides a method for determining control parameters during cardiac surgery and related devices.

[0004] This application provides a method for determining control parameters during cardiac surgery, including:

[0005] During the process of perfusing cardioplegia solution into the heart model using a cardiac perfusion device, the first temperature of the target point in the heart model is obtained in real time, where the heart model is arranged in a human body simulation system, and the target point includes at least the target point in the myocardium;

[0006] When the first temperature of each target point is lower than the first temperature threshold, the cardiac perfusion device is controlled to stop perfusion;

[0007] During the natural rewarming process of the heart model, the second temperature of the target point in the myocardium of the heart model is obtained in real time;

[0008] Obtain a first infrared image of the surface of the heart model when the second temperature reaches the second temperature threshold; determine the first surface temperature of the heart model based on the first infrared image, and determine the first surface temperature as the first control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to start perfusion again during cardiac surgery.

[0009] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0010] Record in real time the time for each target point in the myocardium to rise from the first temperature threshold to the second temperature threshold;

[0011] Determine the minimum time based on the time for each target point in the myocardium to rise from the first temperature threshold to the second temperature threshold;

[0012] Determine the minimum time as the second control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to start perfusion again during cardiac surgery.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0014] Determine the target point in the myocardium corresponding to the minimum time;

[0015] Determine the target point in the myocardium corresponding to the minimum time as the temperature monitoring point during cardiac surgery.

[0016] In some embodiments, before obtaining the first temperature of the target point in the heart model in real time during the process of perfusing cardioplegia into the heart model using the heart perfusion device, the method further includes:

[0017] Control the heating device in the human simulation system to heat so that the core temperature of the human simulation system is maintained at a third temperature threshold;

[0018] After the heart model is placed in the human simulation system, control the heart perfusion device to perfuse cardioplegia into the heart model.

[0019] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0020] Obtain a second infrared image of the surface of the heart model when the first temperature of each target point is lower than the first temperature threshold;

[0021] Determine the second surface temperature of the heart model based on the second infrared image;

[0022] Determine the second surface temperature as the third control parameter for controlling the perfusion device to stop perfusion during cardiac surgery.

[0023] In some embodiments, the target points further include: target points at the junction of the epicardium and the myocardium, wherein the target points in the myocardium are position points vertically downward from the surface of the heart model at a preset distance, and the preset distance is 2 mm.

[0024] An embodiment of the present application provides a device for determining control parameters during a heart surgery, including:

[0025] A first acquisition module, configured to, during the process of perfusing cardioplegic solution into the heart model by using a heart perfusion device, acquire the first temperature of target points in the heart model in real time, wherein the heart model is arranged in a human body simulation system, and the target points at least include target points in the myocardium;

[0026] A first control module, configured to control the heart perfusion device to stop perfusing when the first temperature of each target point is lower than a first temperature threshold;

[0027] A second acquisition module, configured to acquire the second temperature of the target points in the myocardium in the heart model in real time during the natural rewarming process of the heart model;

[0028] A first determination module is configured to acquire a first infrared image of the surface of the heart model when the second temperature reaches a second temperature threshold; and determine the first surface temperature of the heart model based on the first infrared image, and determine the first surface temperature as a first control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to start perfusing again during the heart surgery.

[0029] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where a computer program is stored on the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method for determining control parameters during the heart surgery described in any one of the above is executed.

[0030] An embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium, where a computer program stored on the storage medium can be executed by one or more processors and can be used to implement the method for determining control parameters during the heart surgery described in any one of the above.

[0031] A method for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation and related devices provided by the present application. During the process of perfusing cardioplegic solution into the interior of a heart model using a cardiac perfusion device, the first temperature of a target point in the heart model is acquired in real time. When the first temperature of each target point is lower than a first temperature threshold, the cardiac perfusion device is controlled to stop perfusion. During the natural rewarming process of the heart model, the second temperature of a target point in the myocardium of the heart model is acquired in real time. The first infrared image of the surface of the heart model is acquired when the second temperature reaches a second temperature threshold. The first surface temperature of the heart model is determined based on the first infrared image, and the first surface temperature is determined as the first control parameter for controlling the cardiac perfusion device to start perfusion again during a cardiac operation, thereby realizing the determination of the first control parameter for controlling the cardiac perfusion device to start perfusion again during a cardiac operation. Based on the first control parameter, perfusion is started again, improving the accuracy of the perfusion time. When applied to a cardiac operation, it can reduce the damage to the myocardium during the cardiac operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In the following, the present application will be described in more detail based on embodiments with reference to the drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of the implementation of a method for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart of the implementation of another method for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic flowchart of the implementation of another method for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic flowchart of the implementation of a method for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic flowchart of the implementation of a method for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a device for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the composition structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following will further describe this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be construed as limitations on this application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] In the following description, reference is made to "some embodiments", which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it can be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments, and can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0043] If similar descriptions such as "first / second / third" appear in the application documents, the following explanation is added. In the following description, the terms "first / second / third" are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order for the objects. It can be understood that "first / second / third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence when allowed, so that the embodiments of this application described here can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described here.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0045] Before introducing a method for determining control parameters in a cardiac surgery provided by the embodiments of this application, a brief description is given of the related technologies and the problems existing in the related technologies.

[0046] In recent years, with the development of the social economy and the change of the national lifestyle, especially the acceleration of the aging of the population and the urbanization process, the proportion of elderly patients, patients with multiple combined lesions, and patients undergoing reoperation or multiple operations among cardiac surgery patients has been increasing. As the critical condition of patients has been rising, the difficulty and complexity of the surgery have increased significantly, and these changes have significantly increased the incidence of postoperative complications and mortality. Approximately 1.2 million cardiac surgeries are performed globally each year, with a surgical mortality rate of 1-3%, and 10% of patients will experience a decline in cardiac function after surgery, and approximately 24% of high-risk patients will die within 3 years after surgery. Research shows that improper myocardial protection and ischemia-reperfusion injury during cardiac surgery are directly related to the decline in cardiac function after surgery.

[0047] Hypothermia of the heart can reduce the energy metabolism of cardiomyocytes, thereby prolonging the myocardial ischemic tolerance time. In addition, hypothermia can also inhibit the electromechanical activities of cardiomyocytes during ischemia, slowing down the necrosis and apoptosis of damaged cardiomyocytes. Therefore, during aortic cross-clamping in cardiac surgery, maintaining a uniform and complete decrease in myocardial temperature at all structural sites of the entire heart to the target temperature is the key to myocardial protection.

[0048] Currently, in cardiac surgery, intermittent perfusion of cold cardioplegia is used to arrest the heart in hypothermia to achieve the purpose of myocardial protection. Due to different principles, the perfusion intervals of clinically commonly used cold cardioplegia vary from 30 to 180 minutes. Affected by the operating room environmental temperature, the temperatures of adjacent organs of the heart (lungs and abdominal organs), and the uneven distribution of cardioplegia perfusion in patients with severe coronary artery lesions, it is very difficult to ensure uniform hypothermia of the myocardium during aortic cross-clamping. Coupled with the lack of a convenient, non-invasive, and accurate means for real-time monitoring of myocardial temperature, it is difficult to achieve the best effect of myocardial protection.

[0049] In cardiac surgery, due to the lack of a technique for monitoring the overall myocardial temperature, most cardiac surgical centers at home and abroad currently only perfuse cardioplegia based on experience. However, studies by Ascione R et al. have shown that in patients with coronary heart disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and cyanotic heart disease, etc., it is very difficult to uniformly reduce the temperature of the entire heart using conventional cardioplegia perfusion techniques. Therefore, some scholars have proposed the idea of regulating cardioplegia perfusion with the myocardial temperature as the target to achieve an ideal myocardial protection effect. Reports by Rao P et al. have shown that by inserting a temperature probe into the interventricular septum region to detect the myocardial temperature and using the interventricular septum temperature reaching 15 - 17°C as the target to guide the cardioplegia perfusion route, perfusion volume, and perfusion interval time, a good myocardial protection effect has been achieved. Some studies have also suggested that the temperature detection area of the interventricular septum temperature probe is limited and cannot reflect the overall heart temperature, but studies have confirmed that there is an obvious correlation between the real-time myocardial temperature and myocardial injury markers and myocardial ATP concentration.

[0050] Myocardial temperature probes have disadvantages such as being invasive, complex, and having a limited temperature detection area, which limits their clinical application. Recently, technological breakthroughs in the fields of bioheat transfer and thermal imaging have provided new possibilities for solving this clinical problem of myocardial temperature monitoring. Infrared thermal imaging technology can obtain the tissue temperature image by using the image reconstruction algorithm after organizing and quantifying the infrared thermal radiation distribution state during the metabolic process of body cells. It can sensitively detect temperature changes of 0.1°C on the tissue surface. In cardiac surgery, the heart is directly exposed in the surgical field, which provides favorable conditions for applying infrared thermal imaging technology to achieve non-invasive, real-time, and whole-heart temperature monitoring.

[0051] Currently, cold cardioplegia perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass is performed at fixed time intervals, and there is a lack of reliable and effective monitoring means for the interval time and the adequacy of myocardial perfusion. Research shows that there are differences in the distribution of conventional cardioplegia perfusion in the myocardium. In patients with coronary artery stenosis and left ventricular hypertrophy, the uneven distribution of cardioplegia is a prominent problem affecting the myocardial protection effect. Although retrograde perfusion of cardioplegia can solve this problem to a certain extent, due to the lack of monitoring means such as temperature, the amount and interval time of retrograde perfusion can only be determined based on experience, and it is difficult to achieve precise perfusion.

[0052] Some scholars have reported research on using ordinary infrared cameras to monitor myocardial temperature, and the results have confirmed that it can accurately depict the surface temperature of different parts of the heart in the imaging area in real time. Infrared cameras are easy to use, with a short calibration time (less than 2 minutes) under the operating room lights, and no additional time is required to obtain images during the operation. The interpretation of thermal imaging images is intuitive and does not require an additional learning curve. Moreover, infrared cameras can be reused with low operating costs. Therefore, applying infrared thermal imaging technology in cardiac surgery for real-time and precise overall myocardial temperature monitoring represents a cost-effective method to optimize intraoperative myocardial protection.

[0053] Infrared thermal imaging technology has the characteristics of non-invasive, non-radiative, non-contact, and intuitive and fast imaging. It can continuously monitor the distribution, changes, and temperature of myocardial heat maps, and has unique advantages in judging the myocardial protection status during the operation. Combining this method with evidence from molecular biology and histology can reliably evaluate the reasonable interval time of the intermittent cold perfusion myocardial protection method and provide intraoperative guidance. However, currently, using an infrared camera to monitor intraoperative myocardial temperature can only detect the temperature on the surface of the heart and cannot detect the temperature deep in the myocardium in real time, which has become a difficult problem restricting the monitoring of the real-time temperature of different structural parts of the myocardium during cardiac surgery by infrared thermal imaging technology.

[0054] Based on the problems existing in the related technologies, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining control parameters during cardiac surgery. The method is applied to an electronic device, such as a computer, a mobile terminal, etc., and the electronic device is located in a system for determining control parameters during cardiac surgery. The functions implemented by the method for determining control parameters during cardiac surgery provided by the embodiments of the present application can be realized by a processor of the electronic device calling program code, where the program code can be stored in a computer storage medium.

[0055] The embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining control parameters during cardiac surgery, Figure 1 which is a schematic flowchart of the implementation process of a method for determining control parameters during cardiac surgery provided by the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, it includes:

[0056] Step S101, during the process of perfusing cardioplegia into the heart model using a heart perfusion device, the first temperature of the target point in the heart model is acquired in real time, where the heart model is arranged in a human body simulation system, and the target point at least includes the target point in the myocardium.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present application, the heart model can be manufactured based on the structure of the heart. In some embodiments, since the porcine heart is physiologically and physically similar to the human heart, the heart model can also be manufactured based on the structure of the porcine heart. The cardioplegia is used to cool the heart model.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present application, the electronic device can be communicatively connected to the acquisition device, and the acquisition device is used to acquire the first temperature of the target point, so as to obtain the first temperature from the acquisition device.

[0059] In the embodiments of the present application, the acquisition device includes: a thermocouple, which is used to be installed at the target point and detect the temperature of the target point; a data acquisition instrument, which is connected to the thermocouple and used to acquire the temperature of the thermocouple. In some embodiments, the first temperature of the target point in the heart model can be acquired through the input of an input device, and the input device can be a keyboard, a mouse, a voice input device, etc.; it can also be acquired through the input of an external storage device, and the external storage device can be a USB flash drive, a mechanical hard disk, etc.; it can also be acquired by means of network reception, such as the Internet, a local area network; it can also be acquired by reading local data, etc.

[0060] In the embodiments of the present application, the target point at least includes: the target point in the myocardium. In some embodiments, the target point further includes: the target point at the junction of the epicardium and the myocardium, where the target point in the myocardium is a position point vertically downward from the surface of the heart model at a preset distance, and the preset distance is 2 mm.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, the target points are evenly distributed in the heart model, so as to realize relatively comprehensive temperature monitoring of the heart model.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present application, the human body simulation system is used to provide a temperature approximate to that of a human body for the heart model. First, the heating device in the human body simulation system is heated to maintain the core temperature of the human body simulation system at a third temperature threshold. Then the heart model is installed in the human model system. In the embodiments of the present application, the third temperature threshold is 36°C to 38°C. Then the perfusion tube of the heart perfusion device is installed at the corresponding position of the heart model. Then control the heart perfusion device to perfuse the cardioplegia.

[0063] Step S102, when the first temperature of each target point is lower than the first temperature threshold, control the heart perfusion device to stop perfusion.

[0064] The first temperature threshold in the embodiment of the present application may be 15°C. When the first temperature of each target point is lower than 15°C, the heart perfusion device is controlled to stop perfusing the cardioplegic solution.

[0065] Step S103: During the natural rewarming process of the heart model, the second temperature of the target points in the myocardium of the heart model is obtained in real time.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, after the perfusion of the cardioplegic solution is stopped, since the heart model is in the human simulation system and the human simulation system is maintained at the third temperature threshold, and since the third temperature threshold is higher than 15°C, the heart model will naturally warm up at this time. The second temperature of the target points in the myocardium of the heart model is obtained in real time through the acquisition device.

[0067] Step S104: Obtain the first infrared image of the surface of the heart model when the second temperature reaches the second temperature threshold, determine the first surface temperature of the heart model based on the first infrared image, and determine the first surface temperature as the first control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to start perfusion again during a heart operation.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, the magnitude relationship between the second temperature of each target point and the second temperature threshold can be compared. The second temperature threshold may be 20°C. This second temperature threshold may be the critical temperature set to protect the myocardium during a heart operation. If the temperature exceeds this value, it may cause greater damage to the myocardium. When the second temperature of each target point reaches 20°C, the first infrared image can be obtained through an infrared thermal imager. In the embodiment of the present application, the electronic device can be communicatively connected to the infrared thermal imager, and the infrared thermal imager collects the first infrared image, and then the first infrared image is obtained through the communication connection between the infrared camera and the electronic device. In the embodiment of the present application, the infrared camera can be set within the range of 0.5 m to 1 m from the heart model.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present application, the first surface temperature of the heart model can be determined based on the infrared image. Since it is inconvenient to monitor the inside of the heart during a heart operation, the temperature of each target point in the myocardium can be monitored by monitoring the temperature of the heart surface. For example, when the first surface temperature is 22°C, the temperature of each target point in the myocardium reaches 20°C at this time. The temperature of each target point in the myocardium can be controlled based on the corresponding relationship between the first surface temperature and the temperature in the myocardium.

[0070] In the embodiments of the present application, the first surface temperature can be determined as the first control parameter for controlling the restart of perfusion of the heart perfusion device during a heart operation. In order to make the temperature in the myocardium less than the second temperature threshold, therefore, the second control parameter here is the temperature threshold for controlling the restart of perfusion of the heart perfusion device. For example, during an actual operation, when it is detected that the temperature on the surface of the heart reaches the first surface temperature, the heart perfusion device can be controlled to perform reperfusion at this time to avoid too high a temperature of the myocardium.

[0071] The method for determining control parameters during a heart operation provided by the embodiments of the present application includes: during the process of perfusing cardioplegic solution into the heart model by using a heart perfusion device, the first temperature of the target point in the heart model is obtained in real time; when the first temperature of each target point is lower than the first temperature threshold, the heart perfusion device is controlled to stop perfusion; during the natural rewarming process of the heart model, the second temperature of the target point in the myocardium of the heart model is obtained in real time; the first infrared image of the surface of the heart model when the second temperature reaches the second temperature threshold is obtained; the first surface temperature of the heart model is determined based on the first infrared image, and the first surface temperature is determined as the first control parameter for controlling the restart of perfusion of the heart perfusion device during a heart operation, so as to determine the first control parameter for controlling the restart of perfusion of the heart perfusion device during a heart operation, and restart perfusion based on the first control parameter, improving the accuracy of the perfusion time, and being able to reduce the damage to the myocardium during a heart operation when applied to a heart operation.

[0072] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further provide a method for determining control parameters during a heart operation. Figure 2 As shown in the schematic flowchart of the implementation of another method for determining control parameters during a heart operation provided by the embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 as shown, the method includes:

[0073] Step S201, during the process of perfusing cardioplegic solution into the heart model by using a heart perfusion device, the first temperature of the target point in the heart model is obtained in real time, where the heart model is arranged in a human body simulation system, and the target point at least includes the target point in the myocardium.

[0074] Step S202, when the first temperature of each target point is lower than the first temperature threshold, the heart perfusion device is controlled to stop perfusing cardioplegic solution.

[0075] Step S203, during the natural rewarming process of the heart model, the second temperature of the target point in the myocardium of the heart model is obtained in real time.

[0076] Step S204: When the second temperature reaches the second temperature threshold, record in real time the time taken for each target point in the myocardium to increase from the first temperature threshold to the second temperature threshold.

[0077] In the embodiments of the present application, step S104 and step S204 can be carried out simultaneously.

[0078] Step S205: Determine the minimum time based on the time taken for each target point in the myocardium to increase from the first temperature threshold to the second temperature threshold.

[0079] Step S206: Determine the minimum time as the second control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to start perfusion again during a cardiac operation.

[0080] In the embodiments of the present application, since there are certain differences among different target points during the heating process, in order to ensure that the temperature of each target point in the myocardium is less than or equal to the second temperature threshold, therefore, it is determined here that the minimum time is determined as the second control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to perfuse again during a cardiac operation. It can be considered as the interval time when perfusing again.

[0081] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application, during the process of perfusing cardioplegia into the interior of a heart model using a heart perfusion device, obtains in real time the first temperature of the target points in the heart model, controls the heart perfusion device to stop perfusion when the first temperature of each target point is lower than the first temperature threshold; during the natural rewarming process of the heart model, obtains in real time the second temperature of the target points in the myocardium of the heart model; when the second temperature reaches the second temperature threshold, records in real time the time taken for each target point in the myocardium to increase from the first temperature threshold to the second temperature threshold; determines the minimum time based on the time taken for each target point in the myocardium to increase from the first temperature threshold to the second temperature threshold; determines the minimum time as the second control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to start perfusion again during a cardiac operation, improves the accuracy of the control parameter. When applied to a cardiac operation, records the stop time of perfusion, and then counts down based on the minimum time. After the countdown ends, starts perfusion again, and is controlled by the second control parameter, which can make the temperature of each point in the myocardium lower than the second preset temperature, and can reduce the damage to the myocardium during a cardiac operation.

[0082] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further provide a method for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation. Figure 3 It is a schematic flowchart of the implementation of another method for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation provided by the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 3 shown, the method includes:

[0083] Step S301: During the process of perfusing cardioplegic solution into the heart model using a heart perfusion device, the first temperature of the target points in the heart model is acquired in real time, where the heart model is disposed in a human body simulation system, and the target points at least include the target points in the myocardium.

[0084] Step S302: When the first temperature of each target point is lower than the first temperature threshold, control the heart perfusion device to stop perfusing the cardioplegic solution.

[0085] Step S303: During the natural rewarming process of the heart model, the second temperature of the target points in the myocardium of the heart model is acquired in real time.

[0086] Step S304: When the second temperature reaches the second temperature threshold, record in real time the time taken for each target point in the myocardium to warm up from the first temperature threshold to the second temperature threshold.

[0087] Step S305: Determine the minimum time based on the time taken for each target point in the myocardium to warm up from the first temperature threshold to the second temperature threshold.

[0088] Step S306: Determine the target points in the myocardium corresponding to the minimum time.

[0089] Step S307: Determine the target points in the myocardium corresponding to the minimum time as the temperature monitoring points during heart surgery.

[0090] In the embodiments of the present application, determining the target points in the myocardium corresponding to the minimum time as the temperature monitoring points during heart surgery can avoid excessive myocardial temperature during temperature monitoring.

[0091] In the embodiments of the present application, when applied to surgery, only a few target points can be used to achieve temperature monitoring of the myocardium.

[0092] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further provide a method for determining control parameters during heart surgery. Figure 4 For the implementation flow diagram of a method for determining control parameters during heart surgery provided by the embodiments of the present application, as Figure 4 shown, the method includes:

[0093] Step S401: During the process of perfusing cardioplegic solution into the heart model using a heart perfusion device, the first temperature of the target points in the heart model is acquired in real time, where the heart model is disposed in a human body simulation system, and the target points at least include the target points in the myocardium;

[0094] Step S402: Acquire the second infrared image of the surface of the heart model when the first temperature of each target point is lower than the first temperature threshold.

[0095] Step S403, determining a second surface temperature of the heart model based on the second infrared image;

[0096] Step S404: determining the second surface temperature as a third control parameter for controlling a perfusion device to stop perfusion during cardiac surgery.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, when the third control parameter is applied to cardiac surgery, the infrared thermal imager is arranged above the heart to collect the second infrared image of the heart in real time. When the first temperature of each target point is lower than the first temperature threshold, the temperature corresponding to the second infrared image is the temperature at which the perfusion device is controlled to stop perfusion during cardiac surgery. By controlling the cardiac perfusion device through the third control parameter, damage to the heart caused by too low a heart temperature can be avoided.

[0098] Based on the above embodiments, the present application further provides a method for determining control parameters in cardiac surgery. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a method for determining control parameters in cardiac surgery provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided. Figure 5 As shown, the method includes

[0099] Step S501, the core part of the in vitro simulation system is controlled at 37 plus or minus 1°C.

[0100] Step S502: installing the heart model inside the in vitro simulation system.

[0101] Step S503: installing the thermocouple to the heart tissue of the heart model.

[0102] Step S504, continuously measuring and recording the internal temperature of the heart tissue.

[0103] Step S505: the infrared thermal imager is installed just above the heart.

[0104] In the embodiment of the present application, step S503 and step S505 can be performed simultaneously.

[0105] Step S506, continuously measuring and recording the heart surface temperature.

[0106] Step S507: using a cardiac perfusion device to perfuse a cardiac arrest solution into the heart.

[0107] Step S508, determining that the temperature of each part of the heart is consistent and lower than 15°C.

[0108] In the embodiment of the present application, when the temperature is lower than 15° C., step S509 is performed. When the temperature is higher than 15° C., step S507 is continued to be performed.

[0109] Step S509: Stop perfusion, and the heart model automatically rewarms.

[0110] Step S510: Determine whether the myocardial temperatures at all locations have recovered to 20°C.

[0111] In the embodiment of the present application, when the myocardial temperatures at all locations have not recovered to 20°C, step S509 is executed. When the myocardial temperatures at all locations have recovered to 20°C, step S511 is executed.

[0112] Step S511: Perform data processing to obtain the temperature distribution of the entire heart and its change over time.

[0113] Step S512: Perform data analysis to obtain the interval time required for perfusion on both sides (the minimum time in the above-mentioned embodiment), the locations in cardiac surgery that need to be monitored for temperature key points (the target points corresponding to the minimum time in the above-mentioned embodiment), and the temperature threshold for reperfusion (the first control parameter in the above-mentioned embodiment).

[0114] Statistically calculate the time for the myocardium to rewarm from 15°C to 20°C. The minimum value is the interval time required for two perfusions. The cardiac position corresponding to the minimum value is the location in cardiac surgery that needs to be monitored for temperature key points. The epicardial temperature corresponding to the end of rewarming is the threshold temperature T0 for reperfusion. By monitoring the epicardial temperature at this location and controlling the rewarming time, the myocardial tissue temperature can be controlled not to exceed 20°C during the operation, thereby protecting the myocardial tissue from damage during the operation.

[0115] When applied to cardiac surgery, by monitoring the epicardial temperature at this location and controlling the rewarming time, the myocardial tissue temperature can be controlled not to exceed 20°C during the operation, thereby protecting the myocardial tissue from damage during the operation.

[0116] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the embodiment of the present application provides a device for determining control parameters during cardiac surgery. Each module included in the device, as well as each unit included in each module, can be implemented by a processor in a computer device; of course, it can also be implemented by specific logic circuits. During implementation, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU, Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor (MPU, Microprocessor Unit), a digital signal processor (DSP, Digital Signal Processing), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA, Field Programmable Gate Array), etc.

[0117] The embodiment of the present application provides a device for determining control parameters during cardiac surgery. Figure 6 For the structural schematic diagram of a device for determining control parameters during cardiac surgery provided by the embodiment of the present application, as Figure 6As shown in the figure, the determining device 600 for control parameters in cardiac surgery includes:

[0118] A first acquisition module 601, configured to, during the process of perfusing cardioplegia into the interior of a heart model by using a heart perfusion device, acquire in real time a first temperature of a target point in the heart model, where the heart model is arranged in a human body simulation system, and the target point at least includes a target point in the myocardium;

[0119] A first control module 602, configured to control the heart perfusion device to stop perfusion when the first temperature of each target point is lower than a first temperature threshold;

[0120] A second acquisition module 603, configured to, during the natural rewarming process of the heart model, acquire in real time a second temperature of a target point in the myocardium of the heart model;

[0121] A first determination module 604, configured to acquire a first infrared image of the surface of the heart model when the second temperature reaches a second temperature threshold; and determine a first surface temperature of the heart model based on the first infrared image, and determine the first surface temperature as a first control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to start perfusion again during cardiac surgery.

[0122] In some embodiments, the determining device 600 for control parameters in cardiac surgery further includes:

[0123] A recording module, configured to record in real time the time taken for each target point in the myocardium to rise from the first temperature threshold to the second temperature threshold;

[0124] A second determination module, configured to determine a minimum time based on the time taken for each target point in the myocardium to rise from the first temperature threshold to the second temperature threshold;

[0125] A third determination module, configured to determine the minimum time as a second control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to start perfusion again during cardiac surgery.

[0126] In some embodiments, the determining device 500 for control parameters in cardiac surgery further includes:

[0127] A fourth determination module, configured to determine the target point in the myocardium corresponding to the minimum time;

[0128] A fifth determination module, configured to determine the target point in the myocardium corresponding to the minimum time as a temperature monitoring point during cardiac surgery.

[0129] In some embodiments, the determining device 600 for control parameters in cardiac surgery further includes:

[0130] A second control module, configured to control a heating device in the human body simulation system to perform heating so as to maintain the core temperature of the human body simulation system at a third temperature threshold;

[0131] A third control module, configured to control the heart perfusion device to perfuse cardioplegic solution into the heart model after the heart model is placed in the human body simulation system.

[0132] In some embodiments, the determining device 600 for control parameters in cardiac surgery further includes:

[0133] A third acquisition module, configured to acquire a second infrared image of the surface of the heart model when the first temperature at each target point is lower than a first temperature threshold;

[0134] A sixth determination module, configured to determine a second surface temperature of the heart model based on the second infrared image;

[0135] A seventh determination module, configured to determine the second surface temperature as a third control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to stop perfusion in cardiac surgery.

[0136] In some embodiments, the target points further include target points at the junction of the epicardium and the myocardium, wherein the target points in the myocardium are position points vertically downward from the surface of the heart model at a preset distance, and the preset distance is 2 mm.

[0137] In some embodiments, a first infrared image of the surface of the heart model is acquired by an infrared thermal imager, wherein the infrared thermal imager is disposed in a range between 0.5 m and 1 m above the heart model.

[0138] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, if the above method for determining development parameters is implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read Only Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disc that can store program codes. In this way, the embodiments of the present application are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0139] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the method for determining control parameters in cardiac surgery provided in the above embodiment are implemented.

[0140] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application, as Figure 7 shown, the electronic device 700 includes: a processor 701, at least one communication bus 702, a user interface 703, at least one external communication interface 704, and a memory 705. Among them, the communication bus 702 is configured to implement connection communication between these components. Among them, the user interface 703 may include a display screen, and the external communication interface 704 may include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface. The processor 701 is configured to execute a program for determining control parameters in cardiac surgery stored in the memory to implement the steps in the method for determining control parameters in cardiac surgery provided in the above embodiment.

[0141] The descriptions of the above display device and storage medium embodiments are similar to those of the above method embodiments, and have beneficial effects similar to those of the method embodiments. For the technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the computer device and storage medium of the present application, please refer to the description of the method embodiments of the present application for understanding.

[0142] It should be noted here that: the descriptions of the above storage medium and device embodiments are similar to those of the above method embodiments, and have beneficial effects similar to those of the method embodiments. For the technical details not disclosed in the storage medium and device embodiments of the present application, please refer to the description of the method embodiments of the present application for understanding.

[0143] It should be understood that the "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mentioned throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the appearances of "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the magnitudes of the serial numbers of the above processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. The serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application above are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0144] It should be noted that in this article, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising such element.

[0145] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections between the various components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect couplings or communication connections of devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0146] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; they can be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units; some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0147] In addition, in each embodiment of the present application, the various functional units can all be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be separately regarded as one unit, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit; the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of a combination of hardware and software functional units.

[0148] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions. The foregoing program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps including the above method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes: various media such as removable storage devices, read-only memories (ROM, Read Only Memory), magnetic disks or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0149] Alternatively, if the above integrated units of the present application are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a controller to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes such as removable storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0150] As described above, the above are only the implementation manners of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation, characterized in that, The method includes: During the process of perfusing cardioplegia into the heart model using a heart perfusion device, the first temperature of a target point in the heart model is obtained in real time, where the heart model is disposed in a human body simulation system, and the target point at least includes a target point in the myocardium; When the first temperature of each target point is lower than a first temperature threshold, the heart perfusion device is controlled to stop perfusing cardioplegia; During the process of natural rewarming of the heart model, the second temperature of a target point in the myocardium of the heart model is obtained in real time; Obtain a first infrared image of the surface of the heart model when the second temperature reaches a second temperature threshold; determine the first surface temperature of the heart model based on the first infrared image, and determine the first surface temperature as a first control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to start perfusing again during a heart operation; Wherein, the method further includes: Record in real time the time for each target point in the myocardium to rise from the first temperature threshold to the second temperature threshold; Determine the minimum time based on the time for each target point in the myocardium to rise from the first temperature threshold to the second temperature threshold; Determine the minimum time as a second control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to start perfusing again during a heart operation.

2. The method for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine the target point in the myocardium corresponding to the minimum time; Determine the target point in the myocardium corresponding to the minimum time as a temperature monitoring point during a heart operation.

3. The method for determining control parameters during a cardiac operation according to claim 1, wherein, Before obtaining the first temperature of the target point in the heart model in real time during the process of perfusing cardioplegia into the heart model using a heart perfusion device, the method further includes: Controlling a heating device in the human body simulation system to perform heating so that the core temperature of the human body simulation system is maintained at a third temperature threshold; After the heart model is placed in the human body simulation system, controlling the heart perfusion device to perfuse cardioplegia into the heart model.

4. The method for determining control parameters in cardiac surgery according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes: Obtain a second infrared image of the surface of the heart model when the first temperature of each target point is lower than the first temperature threshold; Determine the second surface temperature of the heart model based on the second infrared image; Determine the second surface temperature as a third control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to stop perfusing during a heart operation.

5. The method for determining control parameters in a cardiac operation according to claim 1, characterized in that The target point further includes a target point at the junction of the epicardium and the myocardium, where the target point in the myocardium is a position point vertically downward from the surface of the heart model at a preset distance, and the preset distance is 2 mm.

6. The method for determining control parameters in a cardiac operation according to claim 1, wherein Obtain the first infrared image of the surface of the heart model through an infrared thermal imager, where the infrared thermal imager is set in the range between 0.3 m and 3 m above the heart model.

7. A determining device for control parameters in cardiac surgery based on the method for determining control parameters in cardiac surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes: A first acquisition module, configured to obtain the first temperature of a target point in the heart model in real time during the process of perfusing cardioplegia into the heart model using a heart perfusion device, where the heart model is disposed in a human body simulation system, and the target point at least includes a target point in the myocardium; A first control module, configured to control the heart perfusion device to stop perfusing when the first temperature of each target point is lower than a first temperature threshold; A second acquisition module, which, during the natural rewarming process of the heart model, acquires in real time a second temperature of a target point in the myocardium of the heart model; A first determination module, configured to acquire a first infrared image of the surface of the heart model when the second temperature reaches a second temperature threshold; and determine a first surface temperature of the heart model based on the first infrared image, and determine the first surface temperature as a first control parameter for controlling the heart perfusion device to start perfusion again during a heart operation.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, and a computer program is stored on the memory. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it executes the method for determining control parameters during a heart operation according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A storage medium, characterized in that, The computer program stored in the storage medium, which can be executed by one or more processors and can be used to implement the method for determining control parameters during a heart operation according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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