Needle aspiration cytology examination device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a needle aspiration cytology examination device in the field of medical instruments, comprising a needle tube, a needle being provided at one end of the needle tube, a vertical injection rod being connected to the other end of the needle tube, a central tube penetrating the needle tube and the injection rod being connected at the tail end of the needle tube, a negative pressure pulling handle being provided close to the needle head on the radial side of the needle tube; a piston rod being connected at one end close to the piston cavity, a top shell being connected at one end of the piston rod away from the piston cavity, and a horizontal tension spring being connected between the top shell and the piston. The greatest advantage of the device is that an ultrasound doctor can independently complete the operations of ultrasound guidance, puncturing target tissue, applying negative pressure (adjustable pressure), releasing negative pressure, and pulling out the needle, thereby significantly improving the accuracy of the puncture and sampling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and in particular relates to a needle aspiration cytology examination device. Background Art

[0002] Needle aspiration cytology uses negative pressure to draw cells from the target tissue into the needle, and then sprays the tissue cells in the needle onto a glass slide to complete the cytopathology sampling process. The puncture process includes the following steps: ① Insert a thin needle (less than 1mm in diameter) into the target tissue ② Apply negative pressure to the tail end of the needle and coordinate the lifting and inserting movement of the needle in the target tissue to cut and draw the tissue cells into the needle ③ Release the negative pressure after the cell extraction and pull out the needle ④ Apply positive pressure to the needle to spray the tissue cells, particles, etc. in the needle onto the glass slide, and use the needle shaft to flatten the tissue and cells on the slide to complete the smear process ⑤ Apply negative pressure to the needle to extract excess blood on the slide. Any of the above steps directly affects the quality of the cytopathology examination results.

[0003] Currently, there are two types of needle aspiration cytology devices widely used clinically. One involves directly inserting a 10ml syringe connected to a No. 7 or No. 9 needle into the target tissue, then applying negative pressure to aspirate. After aspiration is complete, the syringe and needle are disconnected to release the negative pressure and reconnect the needle. After removing the needle, the syringe and needle connection must be removed again to aspirate air to establish positive pressure. The syringe and needle are then reconnected, and the syringe piston is pushed to apply positive pressure to spray cells and particles onto a glass slide. Finally, the syringe is used to aspirate blood.

[0004] This device is simple and readily available, but it has two major drawbacks: 1. The lack of a core needle results in a large amount of tissue cells and blood from the puncture path being trapped within the needle during insertion. This contamination can severely affect cytopathological findings. 2. The syringe and needle must be disconnected and reconnected multiple times throughout the procedure, which is cumbersome and significantly increases the incidence of iatrogenic needlestick injuries. Another type of needle aspiration cytology device utilizes a dedicated biopsy needle. This needle incorporates a core needle design. First, the needle is inserted into the target tissue, then the core needle is removed. A small amount of negative pressure within the needle barrel is used to perform the insertion, withdrawal, and aspiration operations. The needle is then connected to a syringe to spray the tissue cells onto a glass slide. This method, due to the low negative pressure and the small amount of cells extracted, makes it difficult to complete the needle aspiration cytology task, necessitating the continued connection of the syringe for aspiration. Because both procedures are performed under ultrasound guidance, it is difficult for the biopsy surgeon and the ultrasound-guided surgeon to be fully synchronized, significantly increasing the difficulty of puncturing smaller targets. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a needle aspiration cytology examination device that improves puncture accuracy and reduces iatrogenic puncture damage.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A needle aspiration cytology examination device includes a needle tube, a needle head is provided at one end of the needle tube, a vertical injection rod is connected to the other end of the needle tube, a central tube is connected to the tail end of the needle head, and a negative pressure pull handle is provided on one radial side of the needle tube near the needle head;

[0007] The negative pressure pulling handle is provided with a piston chamber slidably connected to a piston rod, a horizontally placed tension spring and a shell with a staggered structure from the inside to the outside. The shell includes a bottom shell and a top shell staggered with each other. The piston rod is slidably connected in the piston chamber. The piston chamber includes an air inlet end and an air outlet end. The air inlet end is connected to the needle tube, and the air outlet end is connected to the outside world. A one-way air inlet valve is provided at the connection between the air inlet end and the needle tube, and a one-way air outlet valve is provided at the connection between the air outlet end and the outside world.

[0008] One end of the piston rod close to the piston cavity is connected to the piston, and the other end of the piston rod away from the piston cavity is connected to the top shell. A horizontal tension spring is connected between the top shell and the piston.

[0009] Furthermore, a first rubber protrusion is disposed opposite to the outer side of the top shell, and a second rubber protrusion is disposed opposite to the inner side of the bottom shell, and the second rubber protrusion is located in the stroke of the first rubber protrusion.

[0010] Furthermore, the interior of the central tube is wrapped with a vertical needle core, which is fixedly connected to the needle head. The central tube has an opening near the negative pressure pull-out handle. The injection rod includes a plug slidably connected to the inside of the needle tube and a pull-out handle away from the needle tube. A vertical rod is connected between the pull-out handle and the plug.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-section of the needle tube is a circular frame with an opening, and a closed space is enclosed between the bottom of the plug and the circular frame. A clamping plate is provided above the plug, and a horizontal limiting plate is fitted in the middle gap of the clamping plate. The clamping plate is fixedly connected to the injection rod, and the limiting plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the needle tube.

[0012] Furthermore, the interior of the injection rod is engaged with open-pore rubber, which is wrapped around the central tube.

[0013] Furthermore, an observation port is provided at the connection between the needle and the central tube, and the vertical central axis of the tension spring passes through a limiting column, one end of the limiting column is connected to the bottom shell, and the other end of the limiting column passes through the top shell, and the limiting column is connected to a nut near the top shell, and the nut is bonded to the bottom shell.

[0014] Furthermore, a pressure balancing device is provided on the side of the needle tube away from the piston chamber, and the pressure balancing device is connected to the inside of the needle tube.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the needle core is connected to the needle head, and the other end of the needle core is connected to a horizontal needle tail. A horizontal push rod pulling handle is integrally manufactured at one end of the push rod close to the needle tail.

[0016] Furthermore, the second rubber protrusion is wavy in shape, including crests and troughs, and the distance between the crests and the troughs is greater than the radius of the second rubber protrusion.

[0017] Furthermore, the surface of the first rubber protrusion has a protruding outer edge, and the height of the outer edge is higher than the thickness of the second rubber protrusion.

[0018] The above scheme achieves the following beneficial effects: 1. By repeatedly pushing the piston rod to gradually reduce the pressure in the needle tube, the puncture needle can move in the target tissue to complete the negative pressure suction and cutting operation.

[0019] 2. Rotate the push rod pull handle to displace the stopper's clamping plate and limit plate, freeing the push rod. Then, push the push rod pull handle toward the needle tip. This causes the stopper to move toward the needle tip. The positive pressure within the syringe ejects the cellular components within the needle tip, allowing the needle to be used for smearing. Pull the push rod pull handle toward the needle tip to aspirate excess blood and other impurities.

[0020] 3. The device's greatest advantage is that the ultrasound surgeon can independently perform ultrasound guidance, puncture the target tissue, apply negative pressure (adjustable), release the negative pressure, and remove the needle, significantly improving the accuracy of the puncture and sampling process. An assistant can assist with positive pressure cell spraying and blood aspiration, and the entire procedure can be performed without separating the needle, greatly improving safety and preventing the occurrence of nosocomial infections.

[0021] 4. The design of this technical solution follows the following principles: when the piston rod moves to its maximum stroke, the first rubber protrusion is located at the trough of the second rubber protrusion. Therefore, when the first rubber protrusion moves downward, the upper peak of the second rubber protrusion is squeezed first. During the squeezing process, the second rubber protrusions gather together, resulting in a decrease in the distance between the troughs between the second rubber protrusions. The air between the troughs is squeezed out to generate negative pressure. Subsequently, the first rubber protrusion enters the trough and is attracted by the negative pressure. At this time, the first rubber protrusion itself is first compressed and then bounces back, so that the air in the trough is squeezed out again, achieving negative pressure locking, while preventing or reducing the time and speed of the tension spring recovery.

[0022] 5. Compared with the existing technology of negative pressure locking, in this technical solution, when releasing the negative pressure, it is only necessary to pull the outer edge of the first rubber protrusion outward. At this time, the first rubber protrusion contracts, thereby causing a gap to be generated between the first rubber protrusion and the trough, causing air to flow into the trough to release the negative pressure.

[0023] 6. Introduction to the pressure balancing device: The pressure balancing device can quickly return the negative pressure in the needle tube to 0 after the aspiration is completed, which is very important for the puncture process.

[0024] 7. In this technical solution, the limit column is used to limit the twisting deformation of the tension spring to ensure the locking of the bottom shell and the top shell, and at the same time prevent the column and the handle from being separated during resetting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of the medium negative pressure pull handle;

[0027] Figure 3 A diagram showing the connection relationship between the first rubber protrusion and the second rubber protrusion in Example 2;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of embodiment three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0030] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: needle tube 1, needle 2, injection rod 3, central tube 4, negative pressure pulling handle 5, piston rod 6, piston chamber 7, tension spring 8, bottom shell 9, top shell 10, perforated rubber 11, one-way air inlet valve 12, one-way air outlet valve 13, piston 14, first rubber protrusion 15, second rubber protrusion 16, needle core 17, opening 18, pulling handle 19, vertical rod 20, clamping plate 21, limit plate 22, observation port 23, pressure balancing device 24, trough 25, outer edge 26, limit column 27, nut 28.

[0031] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown: A needle aspiration cytology examination device includes a needle tube 1, a needle 2 is provided at one end of the needle tube 1, a vertical injection rod 3 is connected to the other end of the needle tube 1, the tail end of the needle 2 is connected to a central tube 4 that passes through the needle tube 1 and the injection rod 3, and a negative pressure pull handle 5 is provided on one radial side of the needle tube 1 near the needle 2;

[0032] Please refer to Figure 2 , the negative pressure pulling handle 5 is provided with a piston chamber 7 slidably connected to the piston rod 6, a horizontally placed tension spring 8 and a shell with a staggered structure from the inside to the outside, the shell includes a bottom shell 9 and a top shell 10 staggered from each other, the piston rod 6 is slidably connected in the piston chamber 7, the piston chamber 7 includes an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the air inlet end is connected to the needle tube 1, and the air outlet end is connected to the outside world, a one-way air inlet valve 12 is provided at the connection between the air inlet end and the needle tube 1, and a one-way air outlet valve 13 is provided at the connection between the air outlet end and the outside world;

[0033] One end of the piston rod 6 close to the piston chamber 7 is connected to the piston 14 , and the other end of the piston rod 6 away from the piston chamber 7 is connected to the top shell 10 . A horizontal tension spring 8 is connected between the top shell 10 and the piston 14 .

[0034] A first rubber protrusion 15 is opposite to the outer side of the top shell 10, and a second rubber protrusion 16 is opposite to the inner side of the bottom shell 9, and the second rubber protrusion 16 is located in the stroke of the first rubber protrusion 15. The interior of the central tube 4 is wrapped with a vertical needle core 17, and the needle core 17 passes through the central tube 4 and the needle 2. The central tube 4 has an opening 18 near the negative pressure pulling handle 5. The injection rod 3 includes a plug slidably connected to the inside of the needle tube 1 and a pulling handle 19 away from the needle tube 1. A vertical rod 20 is connected between the pulling handle 19 and the plug.

[0035] The cross-section of the needle tube 1 is a circular frame with an opening, and a closed space is enclosed between the bottom of the plug and the circular frame. A clamping plate 21 is provided above the plug, and a horizontal limiting plate 22 is fitted in the middle gap of the clamping plate 21. The clamping plate 21 is fixedly connected to the injection rod 3, and the limiting plate 22 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the needle tube 1. The inside of the injection rod 3 is engaged with an open-pore rubber 11, and the open-pore rubber 11 wraps the central tube 4.

[0036] An observation port 23 is provided at the connection between the needle 2 and the central tube 4. A pressure-balancing device 24 is provided on the side of the needle tube 1 away from the piston chamber 7. The pressure-balancing device 24 is connected to the interior of the needle tube 1. One end of the needle core 17 is connected to the needle 2, and the other end of the needle core 17 is connected to the horizontal needle tail. The end of the injection rod 3 near the needle tail is integrally manufactured with a horizontal pull-out handle 19.

[0037] The specific implementation process is as follows: During the puncture phase, the puncturist holds the ultrasound probe in one hand for guidance and the needle tube 1 in the other, accurately inserting the needle 2 into the target tissue under ultrasound guidance. The assistant is instructed to pinch the tail end of the needle core 17 and pull it outward. At this time, the perforated rubber 11 closes, thus sealing the tail end of the central tube 4. The head end of the central tube 4 is connected to the needle tip. The central tube 4 has an opening 18 near the needle tip that communicates with the interior of the needle tube 1.

[0038] Negative pressure suction: When the needle tip is confirmed to be in the target tissue through ultrasonic scanning, slowly press the piston rod 6 with the index finger of the puncturing hand. When the second rubber protrusions 16 of the top shell 10 and the bottom shell 9 contact each other, you can clearly feel the pressing resistance. At this time, release the piston rod 6 to reset the piston rod 6 to complete a negative pressure suction operation. You can press it continuously for 4-5 times (the size of the negative pressure attraction is adjusted according to the properties of the target tissue).

[0039] The principle of the negative pressure suction device is: when the piston rod 6 is pressed, the tension springs 8 and the top shell 10 on both sides of the piston 14 move together toward the needle tube 1. During the pressing process, the volume of the piston chamber 7 becomes smaller, thereby closing the one-way air inlet valve 12 and opening the one-way air outlet valve 13, and the piston chamber 7 discharges the air in the closed tube to the outside; when the piston rod 6 is released, the tension spring 8 resets and drives the piston rod 6 and the top shell 10 to reset. The reset process drives the piston rod 6 away from the needle tube 1. At this time, the one-way air inlet valve 13 introduces the air of the needle tube 1 into the piston chamber 7, completing a negative pressure suction process. Repeating this process 4-5 times can gradually increase the negative pressure in the needle tube 1. After the negative pressure in the needle tube 1 gradually increases, it can cooperate with the puncture needle 2 to move in the target tissue to complete negative pressure suction and cutting and sampling operations.

[0040] The sign of the end of negative pressure suction is the appearance of a small amount of bloody liquid in the observation port 23 at the connection between the central tube 4 and the needle 2. After the suction is completed, the piston rod 6 is pressed to the bottom end. At this time, the piston rod 6 is close to the wall of the needle tube 1, the top shell 10 and the bottom shell 9 are locked with each other, and the one-way exhaust valve is closed.

[0041] Releasing the negative pressure: After the top shell 10 and bottom shell 9 are locked together, use the thumb of the puncturing hand to press the end of the pressure-balancing device 24, which equalizes the pressure inside and outside the needle tube 1. Then, release the thumb, and the pressure-balancing device 24 seals the needle tube. The needle tip can then be slowly withdrawn. (The pressure-balancing device 24 consists of a protrusion at the end and an opening in the side wall of the needle tube 1. Pressing the tail end of the pressure-balancing device opens the side hole of the needle tube; releasing the device closes the opening in the side wall.)

[0042] Preferably, the structure of the pressure balancing device 24 includes but is not limited to a mechanical valve or a valve core.

[0043] Spraying the aspirated tissue cells and smearing: First, rotate the injection rod 3 and pull the handle 19 to offset the clamping plate 21 and the limit plate 22 of the plug, thereby converting the injection rod 3 into a free state. Then, push the pull handle 19 toward the needle tip. At this time, the plug moves toward the needle tip. Due to the positive pressure effect in the syringe, the cell components in the needle tip are sprayed out, and the needle 2 is used for smearing. Pulling the pull handle 19 causes the needle tail to absorb excess blood and other impurities.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Please refer to Figure 3 The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the second rubber protrusion 16 is wavy, including crests and troughs 25, the distance between the crests and the troughs 25 is greater than the radius of the second rubber protrusion 16, the surface of the first rubber protrusion 15 has a raised outer edge 26, the height of the outer edge 26 is greater than the thickness of the second rubber protrusion 16, and when the piston rod 6 moves to the maximum stroke, the first rubber protrusion 15 is located at the trough 25 of the second rubber protrusion 16.

[0046] The specific implementation process is as follows: Therefore, when the first rubber protrusion 15 moves downward, the upper peak of the second rubber protrusion 16 is squeezed first. During the squeezing process, the second rubber protrusions 16 gather together, thereby reducing the distance between the troughs 25 between the second rubber protrusions 16. The air between the troughs 25 is squeezed out to generate negative pressure. Then the first rubber protrusion 15 enters the troughs 25 and is attracted by the negative pressure. At this time, the first rubber protrusion 15 itself is first compressed and then bounces back, so that the air in the troughs 25 is squeezed out again, realizing negative pressure locking, while preventing or reducing the time and speed of the tension spring 8 to recover.

[0047] In this technical solution, when releasing the negative pressure, it is only necessary to pull the outer edge 26 of the first rubber protrusion 15 outward. At this time, the first rubber protrusion 15 contracts, thereby causing a gap to be generated between the first rubber protrusion 15 and the trough 25, causing air to flow into the trough 25 to release the negative pressure.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The difference between this technical solution and the above-mentioned embodiment is that the vertical center axis of the tension spring 8 passes through the limiting column 27, one end of the limiting column 27 is connected to the bottom shell 9, and the other end of the limiting column 27 passes through the top shell 10, and the limiting column 27 is connected to the top shell 10 with a nut 28, and the nut 28 is bonded to the top shell 10.

[0050] In this technical solution, the limiting column 27 is used to limit the torsional deformation of the tension spring 8 to ensure the locking of the bottom shell 9 and the top shell 10; the use of the nut 28 can prevent the column and the handle from detaching during resetting.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0052] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. Common knowledge such as the known specific structures and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. Ordinary technicians in the field are aware of all common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental means before that date. Ordinary technicians in the field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the inspiration given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention. These will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A needle aspiration cytology examination device, characterized by: The needle tube comprises a needle with a needle at one end and a vertical injection rod at the other end. The tail end of the needle is connected to a central tube that passes through the needle tube and the injection rod. A negative pressure pull handle is provided on the radial side of the needle tube close to the needle. The negative pressure pulling handle is provided with a piston chamber slidably connected to a piston rod, a horizontally placed tension spring and a shell with a staggered structure from the inside to the outside. The shell includes a bottom shell and a top shell staggered with each other. The piston rod is slidably connected in the piston chamber. The piston chamber includes an air inlet end and an air outlet end. The air inlet end is connected to the needle tube, and the air outlet end is connected to the outside world. A one-way air inlet valve is provided at the connection between the air inlet end and the needle tube, and a one-way air outlet valve is provided at the connection between the air outlet end and the outside world. The end of the piston rod close to the piston cavity is connected to the piston, the end of the piston rod away from the piston cavity is connected to the top shell, and a horizontal tension spring is connected between the top shell and the piston; A first rubber protrusion is opposite to the outer side of the top shell, and a second rubber protrusion is opposite to the inner side of the bottom shell, and the second rubber protrusion is located in the stroke of the first rubber protrusion; the second rubber protrusion is wavy, and the second rubber protrusion includes crests and troughs, and the distance between the crests and the troughs is greater than the radius of the second rubber protrusion.

2. The needle aspiration cytology examination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the central tube is wrapped with a vertical needle core, which is fixedly connected to the needle head. The central tube has an opening near the negative pressure pull-out handle. The injection rod includes a plug slidably connected to the inside of the needle tube and a pull-out handle away from the needle tube. A vertical rod is connected between the pull-out handle and the plug.

3. The needle aspiration cytology examination device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-section of the needle tube is a circular frame with an opening, and a closed space is enclosed between the bottom of the plug and the circular frame. A clamping plate is provided above the plug, and a horizontal limiting plate is fitted in the middle gap of the clamping plate. The clamping plate is fixedly connected to the injection rod, and the limiting plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the needle tube.

4. The needle aspiration cytology examination device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inside of the injection rod is engaged with open-pore rubber, which wraps the center tube.

5. The needle aspiration cytology examination device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An observation port is provided at the connection between the needle and the central tube. The vertical central axis of the tension spring passes through a limiting column. One end of the limiting column is connected to the bottom shell, and the other end of the limiting column passes through the top shell. The limiting column is connected to a nut near the bottom shell, and the nut is bonded to the bottom shell.

6. The needle aspiration cytology examination device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pressure balancing device is provided on the side of the needle tube away from the piston chamber, and the pressure balancing device is communicated with the inside of the needle tube.

7. The needle aspiration cytology examination device according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the needle core is connected to the needle head, and the other end of the needle core is connected to a horizontal needle tail. An end of the injection rod close to the needle tail is integrally manufactured with a horizontal injection rod pulling handle.

8. The needle aspiration cytology examination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the first rubber protrusion has a protruding outer edge, and the height of the outer edge is higher than the thickness of the second rubber protrusion.

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