A flat rotating motor

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flat rotating motor comprising a rotor, a stator, and an iron core. The entire motor is flat in shape. The rotor consists of a rotor baseplate and rotor permanent magnets. The stator consists of a stator baseplate and a stator coil, with the stator coil comprising an outer ring coil and an inner ring coil. The iron core is located directly below the stator coil, with the central axis of the iron core coaxial with the central axis of the stator coil. The iron core and the rotor permanent magnets attract each other, causing the rotor permanent magnets to tightly adhere to the stator surface and rotate. The present invention has a simple structure and a manufacturing process compatible with micro-nanotechnology, which facilitates achieving high output torque within a small volume.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of micro-nano actuators, and in particular relates to a flat rotating motor. Background Art

[0002] Rotating motors are energy conversion devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy (in the form of rotational motion) based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. They are widely used in modern industry. Emerging micro- and nano-processing technologies are driving the miniaturization (millimeter-scale dimensions) and flattening (axial dimension / radial dimension >5) of rotating motors, owing to their simple structure and strong anti-tilt capabilities. These motors have become a hot topic in research and application.

[0003] For flat axial flux motors with 12-pole magnet rings, the low polarization of the magnets limits the motor's output torque. While 80-pole flat motors effectively increase output torque, these motors, with their single-phase coils, inevitably experience dead zones during operation—that is, at certain angles, the coil drive current fails to generate torque. Furthermore, the center of the motor ring is not effectively utilized, limiting further torque gains. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a flat rotating electrical machine. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A flat rotating motor characterized by comprising a rotor, a stator, and an iron core, the entire motor having a flat shape. The rotor consists of a rotor baseplate and rotor permanent magnets, which are arranged in a circular array. The rotor magnetization direction is perpendicular to the circular surface of the rotor permanent magnets, which is axial. The stator consists of a stator baseplate and stator coils, which include an outer ring coil and an inner ring coil. The iron core is a circular flat sheet structure. When square wave current or sinusoidal current with a phase difference of 1 / 4 cycle is passed through the two-phase stator coils, the coils generate a circumferential rotating magnetic field, which acts on the rotor permanent magnets, driving the rotor to rotate. Changing the phase difference between the two phase coils changes the direction of the rotor's rotation. The iron core is located directly below the stator coils, with the core's central axis coaxial with the stator coil's central axis. The core and rotor permanent magnets attract each other, causing the rotor permanent magnets to tightly adhere to the stator surface and rotate. This invention overcomes the effects of out-of-plane drive caused by the coil current. At the same time, when the central axis of the rotor permanent magnet deviates from the central axis of the iron core, the attraction between the iron core and the rotor permanent magnet will correct the rotor and achieve the axial and radial positioning of the rotor.

[0006] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the rotor is 20 mm, and the rotor substrate is an iron core substrate or a silicon substrate compatible with micromachining technology.

[0007] Furthermore, the rotor permanent magnet is a circumferential array structure, which is made of NdFeB or SmCo permanent magnet material. The circumferential array structure contains n array units, the circumferential radian of the array unit is 2π / 2n, and the radian interval between each array unit is 2π / 2n.

[0008] Furthermore, the n is greater than or equal to 60.

[0009] Furthermore, the array unit is a fan-shaped body or a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0010] Furthermore, the stator substrate is made of insulating materials such as high-resistance silicon, ceramics, or glass, and a groove is etched on the stator substrate. The shape of the groove is consistent with that of the stator coil.

[0011] Furthermore, conductive materials such as copper, gold, silver or aluminum are deposited in the slots of the stator substrate.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the iron core is 20 mm, the inner diameter is 5 mm, and the thickness is 0.2 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer ring coil is an A-phase coil, and the inner ring coil is a B-phase coil; the inner ring coil has an opening for leading out the outer ring coil, and the outer ring coil is led out to the external electrode through the opening.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer ring coil and the inner ring coil are both serpentine units, the circumferential angle of the serpentine unit is 4°, and the phase difference between the outer ring coil and the inner ring coil on the circumference is 1 / 4 period, that is, the phase difference is 1°.

[0015] The flat rotating motor designed in the present invention is flat in shape and greatly improves the output torque of the motor by increasing the number of permanent magnet arrays, which is beneficial to promoting the development of high-output and flat motors in my country.

[0016] This patent employs two-phase coils, one in the outer ring and one in the inner ring. These coils are arranged circumferentially at different phases. This effectively utilizes the center of the motor's annular structure while also avoiding the "dead zone" problem, enabling the rotor to be driven at any circumferential angle. When the motor is driven, current signals of different phases are passed through the inner and outer coils, resulting in smooth motor operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a top view of a flat rotary motor;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the flat rotary motor;

[0019] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of a flat rotary motor;

[0020] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the rotor permanent magnet structure composed of fan-shaped array units;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the rotor permanent magnet structure composed of rectangular array units;

[0022] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the stator coil;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 An enlarged view of one embodiment of the stator coil connection;

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 6 An enlarged view of another embodiment at the stator coil connection;

[0025] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the outer ring coil of the stator coil;

[0026] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inner ring coil of the stator coil;

[0027] In the figure: 1. Rotor 2. Stator 3. Iron core 11. Rotor substrate 12. Rotor permanent magnet 13. Array unit 21. Stator substrate 22. Stator coil 3. Iron core substrate 221. Outer ring coil 222. Inner ring coil 4. Electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Figures 1 to 3 This is the assembly drawing of the flat rotary motor, where: Figure 1 It is a top view of a flat rotary motor; Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the flat rotary motor; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a flat rotary motor.

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the rotor permanent magnet structure composed of fan-shaped array units; Figure 4 In the embodiment, the array unit constituting the permanent magnet of the rotor is characterized by a fan-shaped body, wherein the width of the part close to the center of the circle is smaller, and the width of the part close to the outer ring of the circle is larger.

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the rotor permanent magnet structure composed of rectangular array units; Figure 5 In the figure, the array unit that makes up the permanent magnet of the rotor is characterized by a rectangular parallelepiped, and the width of the part close to the center of the circle is the same as the width of the part close to the outer ring of the circle.

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the stator coil.

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 6 An enlarged view of an embodiment of the stator coil connection, in which the width of the connection between the inner ring coil and the electrode plate is larger.

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 6 An enlarged view of another embodiment at the connection between the electrode plates, in which the width of the connection between the inner ring coil and the electrode plate is smaller.

[0035] Figures 9 and 10 It is an exploded view of the stator coil 22, which is mainly divided into two-phase coils; 221 is the outer ring coil, and for the convenience of expression, this outer ring coil 221 is defined as the A-phase coil; 222 is the inner ring coil, and for the convenience of expression, this inner ring coil 222 is defined as the B-phase coil.

[0036] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the motor comprises three parts: a rotor 1, a stator 2, and an iron core 3. The entire motor is flat in shape. The rotor 1 consists of a rotor base plate 11 and rotor permanent magnets 12. The rotor permanent magnets 12 are arranged in a circular array, and the magnetization direction of the rotor 1 is perpendicular to the circular surface of the rotor permanent magnets 12, which is in the axial direction. The stator 2 consists of a stator base plate 21 and a stator coil 22. The stator coil 22 includes an outer ring coil 221 and an inner ring coil 222. The iron core 3 is a circular flat sheet structure. When a square wave current or a sine wave current with a phase difference of 1 / 4 cycle is passed through the two-phase coils of the stator 2, the coils generate a rotating magnetic field running in the circumferential direction. This rotating magnetic field acts on the rotor permanent magnets 12, driving the rotor 1 to rotate. By changing the positive or negative phase difference between the two-phase coils, the rotation direction of the rotor 1 can be changed.

[0037] The iron core 3 is located directly below the stator coil 22. The central axis of the iron core 3 is coaxial with the central axis of the stator coil 22. The iron core 3 and the rotor permanent magnet 12 attract each other, causing the rotor permanent magnet 12 to rotate tightly against the surface of the stator 2, overcoming the influence of the out-of-plane drive caused by the coil current. At the same time, when the central axis of the rotor permanent magnet 12 deviates from the central axis of the iron core 3, the attraction between the iron core 3 and the rotor permanent magnet 12 will correct the rotor 1, achieving the axial and radial positioning of the rotor 1.

[0038] Preferably, the outer diameter of the rotor 1 is 20 mm, and the rotor substrate 11 is an iron core substrate with high magnetic permeability, or a silicon substrate compatible with micromachining technology.

[0039] Preferably, the rotor permanent magnet 12 is a circumferential array structure, which is made of NdFeB or SmCo permanent magnet material. The circumferential array structure contains n permanent magnet array units 13, the circumferential radian of the permanent magnet array unit 13 is 2π / 2n, and the radian interval between each permanent magnet array unit 13 is 2π / 2n.

[0040] Among them, n is greater than or equal to 60. Preferably, the number of permanent magnetic array units 13 is 90, the axial thickness is 0.2 mm, the in-plane characteristic size is hundreds of microns, the circumferential size and unit spacing of the permanent magnetic array unit are 2° respectively, and the formed array pattern has an outer diameter of 20 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm.

[0041] Preferably, the stator substrate 21 is made of insulating materials such as high-resistance silicon, ceramics, or glass, and slots are etched on the substrate, with a pattern consistent with the coil pattern.

[0042] Preferably, conductive materials such as copper, gold, silver, or aluminum are deposited in the grooves of the stator substrate 21 .

[0043] Preferably, the substrate of the core 3 is made of a material with high magnetic permeability. Preferably, the core substrate 3 has an outer diameter of 20 mm, an inner diameter of 5 mm, and a thickness of 0.2 mm.

[0044] Preferably, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the array unit 13 may be a fan-shaped body or a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0045] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the stator coil 22 includes two types, which are mainly different in the connection with the motor plate, as shown in the enlarged Figure 7 and zoom Figure 8 The outer ring coil 221 has an opening for leading out the inner ring coil 222, through which the inner ring coil 222 is led out to the external electrode 4 (as shown in FIG. Figures 9 and 10 Thus, the flat rotating motor of the present invention further reduces the difficulty of manufacturing the flat motor coil by designing a planar stator coil structure to replace the three-dimensional stator coil in the traditional micromotor.

[0046] Preferably, the stator coil 22 comprises two parts, the outer ring being the outer ring coil 221 and the inner ring being the inner ring coil 222. Both phase coils are serpentine units with a circumferential angle of 4°. The phase difference between the two phase coils on the circumference is 1 / 4 period, i.e., 1°.

[0047] When the motor is driven, square wave current or sinusoidal current is respectively passed through the A-phase coil and the B-phase coil, where phase A leads phase B by 1 / 4 cycle, and the motor rotor rotates in one direction (for convenience, this direction is defined as forward). When phase A lags phase B by 1 / 4 cycle, the motor rotor rotates in the reverse direction.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0049] 1. A planar microcoil with a two-phase coil is used, and a plurality of permanent magnet arrays are realized through micromachining to increase the torque.

[0050] 2. By passing a square wave or a sine wave with a phase difference of 1 / 4 cycle into the two-phase coils, the motor rotor can be rotated in different directions while avoiding the dead zone problem.

[0051] 3. The use of iron core coils can achieve the adsorption and positioning of the rotor, while avoiding the need to install components such as guide rails.

[0052] 4. The flat rotary motor of the present invention can realize application scenarios where the motor thickness is less than 1 mm, which facilitates product miniaturization.

Claims

1. A flat rotating electrical machine, characterized in that: The motor comprises three parts, namely a rotor (1), a stator (2) and an iron core (3), and the entire motor is flat in shape; wherein the rotor (1) is composed of two parts, namely a rotor base plate (11) and a rotor permanent magnet (12); the stator (2) is composed of two parts, namely a stator base plate (21) and a stator coil (22); the stator coil (22) comprises two parts, namely an outer ring coil (221) and an inner ring coil (222); the iron core (3) is located directly below the stator coil (22), the central axis of the iron core (3) is coaxial with the central axis of the stator coil (22), and the iron core (3) and the rotor permanent magnet (12) attract each other, so that the rotor permanent magnet (12) is tightly attached to the surface of the stator (2) and rotates; The rotor permanent magnet (12) is a circumferential array structure, which is made of NdFeB or SmCo permanent magnet material. The circumferential array structure contains n array units (13), the circumferential radian of the array unit (13) is 2π / 2n, and the radian interval between each array unit is 2π / 2n; The outer ring coil (221) is an A-phase coil, and the inner ring coil (222) is a B-phase coil; the inner ring coil (222) has an opening for leading out the outer ring coil (221), and the outer ring coil (221) is led out through the opening and connected to the external electrode (4); The outer ring coil (221) and the inner ring coil (222) are both serpentine units, the circumferential angle of the serpentine unit is 4°, and the phase difference between the outer ring coil (221) and the inner ring coil (222) on the circumference is 1 / 4 period, that is, the phase difference is 1°; The magnetization direction of the rotor (1) is perpendicular to the circular surface of the rotor permanent magnet (12) and is an axial direction.

2. The flat rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: The rotor substrate (11) is an iron core substrate or a silicon substrate compatible with micromachining technology.

3. The flat rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: The n is greater than or equal to 60.

4. The flat rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: The array unit (13) is a fan-shaped body or a rectangular parallelepiped.

5. The flat rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: The stator substrate (21) is made of insulating material, and a groove is etched on the stator substrate (21), wherein the shape of the groove is consistent with that of the stator coil (22).

6. The flat rotating electrical machine according to claim 5, wherein: Conductive material is deposited in the grooves of the stator substrate (21).

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